--- _id: '29313' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Employing a unique sample of 2,849 tariff imposition announcements by and against the United States (U.S.) over the period from 2018 to 2019, this study analyzes the impact of recent tariff announcements on share prices from 859 U.S. companies. We provide evidence for negative (cumulative) average abnormal stock returns due to tariff announcements during a symmetric three-day event window. We suggest that stock market investors expect adverse impacts of tariff impositions, e.g. a decrease in the companies’ future cash flows and a threat of retaliation. The negative wealth effects are observed irrespective of whether the Trump administration announces safeguard tariffs to protect domestic firms or a retaliation is declared by foreign countries. Moreover, building several subsamples, we find that the adverse impact is mostly driven by announcements involving China and is associated with a variety of sector, tariff, trade and firm characteristics. ' author: - first_name: Sascha Tobias full_name: Wengerek, Sascha Tobias last_name: Wengerek - first_name: André full_name: Uhde, André id: '36049' last_name: Uhde orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8058-8857 citation: ama: Wengerek ST, Uhde A. Share Price Reactions to Tariff Imposition Announcements in the Trump Era – an Event Study of the Trade Conflict.; 2021. apa: Wengerek, S. T., & Uhde, A. (2021). Share Price Reactions to Tariff Imposition Announcements in the Trump Era – an Event Study of the Trade Conflict. bibtex: '@book{Wengerek_Uhde_2021, title={Share Price Reactions to Tariff Imposition Announcements in the Trump Era – an Event Study of the Trade Conflict}, author={Wengerek, Sascha Tobias and Uhde, André}, year={2021} }' chicago: Wengerek, Sascha Tobias, and André Uhde. Share Price Reactions to Tariff Imposition Announcements in the Trump Era – an Event Study of the Trade Conflict, 2021. ieee: S. T. Wengerek and A. Uhde, Share Price Reactions to Tariff Imposition Announcements in the Trump Era – an Event Study of the Trade Conflict. 2021. mla: Wengerek, Sascha Tobias, and André Uhde. Share Price Reactions to Tariff Imposition Announcements in the Trump Era – an Event Study of the Trade Conflict. 2021. short: S.T. Wengerek, A. Uhde, Share Price Reactions to Tariff Imposition Announcements in the Trump Era – an Event Study of the Trade Conflict, 2021. date_created: 2022-01-13T11:06:25Z date_updated: 2024-04-17T13:35:20Z department: - _id: '186' - _id: '19' jel: - F14 - F18 - F23 - F51 keyword: - event study - international relations - protectionism - strategic trade policy - tariffs - trade conflict language: - iso: eng status: public title: Share Price Reactions to Tariff Imposition Announcements in the Trump Era – an Event Study of the Trade Conflict type: working_paper user_id: '21810' year: '2021' ... --- _id: '17703' abstract: - lang: eng text: Employing a unique sample of 2,849 tariff imposition announcements by and against the United States (U.S.) over the period from 2018 to 2019, this study analyzes the impact of recent tariff announcements on share prices from 859 U.S. companies. We provide evidence for negative (cumulative) average abnormal stock returns due to tariff announcements during a symmetric three-day event window. We suggest that stock market investors expect adverse impacts of tariff impositions, e.g. a decrease in the companies' future cash flows and a threat of retaliation. The negative wealth effects are observed irrespective of whether the Trump administration announces safeguard tariffs to protect domestic firms or a retaliation is declared by foreign countries. Moreover, building several subsamples, we find that the adverse impact is mostly driven by announcements involving China and is associated with a variety of sector, tariff, trade and firm characteristics. author: - first_name: Sascha Tobias full_name: Wengerek, Sascha Tobias id: '48837' last_name: Wengerek orcid: 0000-0002-7820-3903 citation: ama: Wengerek ST. Share Price Reactions to Tariff Imposition Announcements in the Trump Era - An Event Study of the Trade Conflict.; 2020. apa: Wengerek, S. T. (2020). Share price reactions to tariff imposition announcements in the Trump era - An event study of the trade conflict. bibtex: '@book{Wengerek_2020, title={Share price reactions to tariff imposition announcements in the Trump era - An event study of the trade conflict}, author={Wengerek, Sascha Tobias}, year={2020} }' chicago: Wengerek, Sascha Tobias. Share Price Reactions to Tariff Imposition Announcements in the Trump Era - An Event Study of the Trade Conflict, 2020. ieee: S. T. Wengerek, Share price reactions to tariff imposition announcements in the Trump era - An event study of the trade conflict. 2020. mla: Wengerek, Sascha Tobias. Share Price Reactions to Tariff Imposition Announcements in the Trump Era - An Event Study of the Trade Conflict. 2020. short: S.T. Wengerek, Share Price Reactions to Tariff Imposition Announcements in the Trump Era - An Event Study of the Trade Conflict, 2020. date_created: 2020-08-07T09:34:29Z date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:53:17Z department: - _id: '186' jel: - F14 - F18 - F23 - F51 keyword: - event study - international relations - protectionism - strategic trade policy - tariffs - trade conflict language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - url: https://ideas.repec.org/p/pdn/dispap/59.html page: '63' status: public title: Share price reactions to tariff imposition announcements in the Trump era - An event study of the trade conflict type: working_paper user_id: '48837' year: '2020' ... --- _id: '36004' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Employing a unique sample of 2,849 tariff imposition announcements by and against the United States (U.S.) over the period from 2018 to 2019, this study analyzes the impact of recent tariff announcements on share prices from 859 U.S. companies. We provide evidence for negative (cumulative) average abnormal stock returns due to tariff announcements during a symmetric three-day event window. We suggest that stock market investors expect adverse impacts of tariff impositions, e.g. a decrease in the companies'' future cash flows and a threat of retaliation. The negative wealth effects are observed irrespective of whether the Trump administration announces safeguard tariffs to protect domestic firms or a retaliation is declared by foreign countries. Moreover, building several subsamples, we find that the adverse impact is mostly driven by announcements involving China and is associated with a variety of sector, tariff, trade and firm characteristics. ' author: - first_name: Sascha Tobias full_name: Wengerek, Sascha Tobias last_name: Wengerek - first_name: André full_name: Uhde, André id: '36049' last_name: Uhde citation: ama: Wengerek ST, Uhde A. Share Price Reactions to Tariff Imposition Announcements in the Trump Era – An Event Study of the Trade Conflict. Paderborn University; 2019. apa: Wengerek, S. T., & Uhde, A. (2019). Share price reactions to tariff imposition announcements in the Trump era – An event study of the trade conflict. Paderborn University. bibtex: '@book{Wengerek_Uhde_2019, title={Share price reactions to tariff imposition announcements in the Trump era – An event study of the trade conflict}, publisher={Paderborn University}, author={Wengerek, Sascha Tobias and Uhde, André}, year={2019} }' chicago: Wengerek, Sascha Tobias, and André Uhde. Share Price Reactions to Tariff Imposition Announcements in the Trump Era – An Event Study of the Trade Conflict. Paderborn University, 2019. ieee: S. T. Wengerek and A. Uhde, Share price reactions to tariff imposition announcements in the Trump era – An event study of the trade conflict. Paderborn University, 2019. mla: Wengerek, Sascha Tobias, and André Uhde. Share Price Reactions to Tariff Imposition Announcements in the Trump Era – An Event Study of the Trade Conflict. Paderborn University, 2019. short: S.T. Wengerek, A. Uhde, Share Price Reactions to Tariff Imposition Announcements in the Trump Era – An Event Study of the Trade Conflict, Paderborn University, 2019. date_created: 2023-01-11T10:57:04Z date_updated: 2023-01-11T11:05:30Z department: - _id: '186' - _id: '188' jel: - F14 - F18 - F23 - F51 keyword: - event study - international relations - protectionism - strategic trade policy - tariffs - trade conflict language: - iso: eng publication_status: published publisher: Paderborn University status: public title: Share price reactions to tariff imposition announcements in the Trump era – An event study of the trade conflict type: working_paper user_id: '21810' year: '2019' ... --- _id: '8836' abstract: - lang: eng text: While Islamic State is the most present example, it is a fact that in many places around the globe, throughout history initially small groups have tried to challenge and destabilize or even overthrow governments by means of terrorist and guerrilla strategies. Therefore, we answer two questions. Why does a small group of insurgents believe it can overthrow the government by turning violent, even if the government is clearly superior? And how does a conflict develop into terrorism, a guerilla war, or a major conventional civil war, or is resolved peacefully? We develop a formal model for rebels and government and derive optimal choices. Further, we focus on three elements as important ingredients of a "destabilization war". All three of these - large random events, time preference (which we relate to ideology), and choice of duration of fight - are rarely considered in formal conflict theory. We can answer the above two questions using game theory analysis. First, insurgents rise up because they hope to destabilize through permanent challenging attacks. In this context, large randomness is an important ally of rebels. While each individual attack may have a low impact, at some point a large random event could lead to success. Hence, the duration of activities is a constitutive element of this kind of armed conflict. Patience (low time preference), which may reflect rebels' degree of ideological motivation, is crucial. Second, the mode of warfare or the conflict resolutions that develop are generally path-dependent and conditioned on the full set of options (including compromise). Various conditions (level of funding, ease of recruitment, access to weapons) influence different modes of warfare or a peaceful compromise in a complex way. author: - first_name: Thomas full_name: Gries, Thomas id: '186' last_name: Gries - first_name: Claus-Jochen full_name: Haake, Claus-Jochen id: '20801' last_name: Haake citation: ama: Gries T, Haake C-J. An Economic Theory of “Destabilization War.” Vol 95.; 2016. apa: Gries, T., & Haake, C.-J. (2016). An Economic Theory of “Destabilization War” (Vol. 95). bibtex: '@book{Gries_Haake_2016, series={Working Papers CIE}, title={An Economic Theory of “Destabilization War”}, volume={95}, author={Gries, Thomas and Haake, Claus-Jochen}, year={2016}, collection={Working Papers CIE} }' chicago: Gries, Thomas, and Claus-Jochen Haake. An Economic Theory of “Destabilization War.” Vol. 95. Working Papers CIE, 2016. ieee: T. Gries and C.-J. Haake, An Economic Theory of “Destabilization War,” vol. 95. 2016. mla: Gries, Thomas, and Claus-Jochen Haake. An Economic Theory of “Destabilization War.” Vol. 95, 2016. short: T. Gries, C.-J. Haake, An Economic Theory of “Destabilization War,” 2016. date_created: 2019-04-08T06:45:02Z date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:04:03Z ddc: - '040' department: - _id: '205' - _id: '475' file: - access_level: closed content_type: application/pdf creator: cjhaake date_created: 2019-04-08T06:49:16Z date_updated: 2019-04-08T06:49:16Z file_id: '8838' file_name: WP - An Economic Theory of ’Destabilization War'.pdf file_size: 516125 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2019-04-08T06:49:16Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 95' jel: - H56 - O10 - D84 - C72 - D74 keyword: - terrorism - civil war - conflict duration - game theory - stochastic process - ideology language: - iso: eng series_title: Working Papers CIE status: public title: An Economic Theory of 'Destabilization War' type: working_paper user_id: '20801' volume: 95 year: '2016' ... --- _id: '32520' abstract: - lang: eng text: "In order to investigate the significance of\r\nadults’ relationship to their parents, this relationship is\r\ncompared to relationships with siblings, friends, partners,\r\nand children. German adults (N = 902) between the ages\r\nof 20 and 86 completed the Network of Relationships\r\nInventory (Furman and Buhrmester 1992). Participants felt\r\nmost supported by their partners, followed by their children, mothers, friends, fathers, and siblings. Conflicts were\r\nmore frequently found within the family (especially with\r\nthe partner, followed by children, mothers, fathers, and\r\nsiblings) than with friends. Except for partner relationships,\r\nboth conflict and support decreased with age. Concerning\r\nrelative power within their relationships, partners, mothers,\r\nand siblings are seen as equals, friends and especially\r\nfathers are perceived as more powerful, and children as\r\nless, yet increasingly powerful. Regarding all relationship\r\ntypes and relationship qualities, the differences between\r\nwomen and men were small." author: - first_name: Heike M. full_name: Buhl, Heike M. id: '27152' last_name: Buhl citation: ama: 'Buhl HM. My Mother: My Best Friend? Adults’ Relationships with Significant Others Across the Lifespan. Journal of Adult Development. 2009;16(4):239-249. doi:10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2' apa: 'Buhl, H. M. (2009). My Mother: My Best Friend? Adults’ Relationships with Significant Others Across the Lifespan. Journal of Adult Development, 16(4), 239–249. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2' bibtex: '@article{Buhl_2009, title={My Mother: My Best Friend? Adults’ Relationships with Significant Others Across the Lifespan}, volume={16}, DOI={10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Adult Development}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Buhl, Heike M.}, year={2009}, pages={239–249} }' chicago: 'Buhl, Heike M. “My Mother: My Best Friend? Adults’ Relationships with Significant Others Across the Lifespan.” Journal of Adult Development 16, no. 4 (2009): 239–49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2.' ieee: 'H. M. Buhl, “My Mother: My Best Friend? Adults’ Relationships with Significant Others Across the Lifespan,” Journal of Adult Development, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 239–249, 2009, doi: 10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2.' mla: 'Buhl, Heike M. “My Mother: My Best Friend? Adults’ Relationships with Significant Others Across the Lifespan.” Journal of Adult Development, vol. 16, no. 4, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2009, pp. 239–49, doi:10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2.' short: H.M. Buhl, Journal of Adult Development 16 (2009) 239–249. date_created: 2022-08-02T23:59:24Z date_updated: 2022-08-29T04:46:47Z department: - _id: '427' doi: 10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 16' issue: '4' keyword: - Family - Friends - "\x01 Support" - "\x01 Conflict" - "\x01 Power" language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2.pdf oa: '1' page: 239-249 publication: Journal of Adult Development publication_identifier: issn: - 1068-0667 - 1573-3440 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC status: public title: 'My Mother: My Best Friend? Adults’ Relationships with Significant Others Across the Lifespan' type: journal_article user_id: '42165' volume: 16 year: '2009' ...