---
_id: '44545'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction</jats:title><jats:p>Exergames are increasingly
    used in rehabilitation settings for older adults to train physical and cognitive
    abilities. To meet the potential that exergames hold, they need to be adapted
    to the individual abilities of the player and their training objectives. Therefore,
    it is important to know whether and how game characteristics affect their playing.
    The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of two different kinds of exergame
    (step game and balance game) played at two difficulty levels on brain activity
    and physical activity.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Twenty-eight
    older independently living adults played two different exergames at two difficulty
    levels each. In addition, the same movements as during gaming (leaning sideways
    with feet in place and stepping sideways) were performed as reference movements.
    Brain activity was recorded using a 64-channel EEG system to assess brain activity,
    while physical activity was recorded using an accelerometer at the lower back
    and a heart rate sensor. Source-space analysis was applied to analyze the power
    spectral density in theta (4 Hz–7 Hz) and alpha-2 (10 Hz–12 Hz) frequency bands.
    Vector magnitude was applied to the acceleration data.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Friedman
    ANOVA revealed significantly higher theta power for the exergaming conditions
    compared to the reference movement for both games. Alpha-2 power showed a more
    diverse pattern which might be attributed to task-specific conditions. Acceleration
    decreased significantly from the reference movement to the easy condition to the
    hard condition for both games.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion</jats:title><jats:p>The
    results indicate that exergaming increases frontal theta activity irrespective
    of type of game or difficulty level, while physical activity decreases with increasing
    difficulty level. Heart rate was found to be an inappropriate measure in this
    population older adults. These findings contribute to understanding of how game
    characteristics affect physical and cognitive activity and consequently need to
    be taken into account when choosing appropriate games and game settings for exergame
    interventions.</jats:p></jats:sec>
author:
- first_name: Helen
  full_name: Müller, Helen
  last_name: Müller
- first_name: Jochen
  full_name: Baumeister, Jochen
  last_name: Baumeister
- first_name: Ellen Marie
  full_name: Bardal, Ellen Marie
  last_name: Bardal
- first_name: Beatrix
  full_name: Vereijken, Beatrix
  last_name: Vereijken
- first_name: Nina
  full_name: Skjæret-Maroni, Nina
  last_name: Skjæret-Maroni
citation:
  ama: 'Müller H, Baumeister J, Bardal EM, Vereijken B, Skjæret-Maroni N. Exergaming
    in older adults: the effects of game characteristics on brain activity and physical
    activity. <i>Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience</i>. 2023;15. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859">10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859</a>'
  apa: 'Müller, H., Baumeister, J., Bardal, E. M., Vereijken, B., &#38; Skjæret-Maroni,
    N. (2023). Exergaming in older adults: the effects of game characteristics on
    brain activity and physical activity. <i>Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience</i>,
    <i>15</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859">https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Müller_Baumeister_Bardal_Vereijken_Skjæret-Maroni_2023, title={Exergaming
    in older adults: the effects of game characteristics on brain activity and physical
    activity}, volume={15}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859">10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859</a>},
    journal={Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience}, publisher={Frontiers Media SA}, author={Müller,
    Helen and Baumeister, Jochen and Bardal, Ellen Marie and Vereijken, Beatrix and
    Skjæret-Maroni, Nina}, year={2023} }'
  chicago: 'Müller, Helen, Jochen Baumeister, Ellen Marie Bardal, Beatrix Vereijken,
    and Nina Skjæret-Maroni. “Exergaming in Older Adults: The Effects of Game Characteristics
    on Brain Activity and Physical Activity.” <i>Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience</i>
    15 (2023). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859">https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859</a>.'
  ieee: 'H. Müller, J. Baumeister, E. M. Bardal, B. Vereijken, and N. Skjæret-Maroni,
    “Exergaming in older adults: the effects of game characteristics on brain activity
    and physical activity,” <i>Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience</i>, vol. 15, 2023,
    doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859">10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859</a>.'
  mla: 'Müller, Helen, et al. “Exergaming in Older Adults: The Effects of Game Characteristics
    on Brain Activity and Physical Activity.” <i>Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience</i>,
    vol. 15, Frontiers Media SA, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859">10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859</a>.'
  short: H. Müller, J. Baumeister, E.M. Bardal, B. Vereijken, N. Skjæret-Maroni, Frontiers
    in Aging Neuroscience 15 (2023).
date_created: 2023-05-07T11:36:29Z
date_updated: 2023-05-07T11:36:56Z
department:
- _id: '17'
doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859
intvolume: '        15'
keyword:
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Aging
publication: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1663-4365
publication_status: published
publisher: Frontiers Media SA
status: public
title: 'Exergaming in older adults: the effects of game characteristics on brain activity
  and physical activity'
type: journal_article
user_id: '46'
volume: 15
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '45149'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction</jats:title><jats:p>Exergames are increasingly
    used in rehabilitation settings for older adults to train physical and cognitive
    abilities. To meet the potential that exergames hold, they need to be adapted
    to the individual abilities of the player and their training objectives. Therefore,
    it is important to know whether and how game characteristics affect their playing.
    The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of two different kinds of exergame
    (step game and balance game) played at two difficulty levels on brain activity
    and physical activity.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Twenty-eight
    older independently living adults played two different exergames at two difficulty
    levels each. In addition, the same movements as during gaming (leaning sideways
    with feet in place and stepping sideways) were performed as reference movements.
    Brain activity was recorded using a 64-channel EEG system to assess brain activity,
    while physical activity was recorded using an accelerometer at the lower back
    and a heart rate sensor. Source-space analysis was applied to analyze the power
    spectral density in theta (4 Hz–7 Hz) and alpha-2 (10 Hz–12 Hz) frequency bands.
    Vector magnitude was applied to the acceleration data.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Friedman
    ANOVA revealed significantly higher theta power for the exergaming conditions
    compared to the reference movement for both games. Alpha-2 power showed a more
    diverse pattern which might be attributed to task-specific conditions. Acceleration
    decreased significantly from the reference movement to the easy condition to the
    hard condition for both games.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion</jats:title><jats:p>The
    results indicate that exergaming increases frontal theta activity irrespective
    of type of game or difficulty level, while physical activity decreases with increasing
    difficulty level. Heart rate was found to be an inappropriate measure in this
    population older adults. These findings contribute to understanding of how game
    characteristics affect physical and cognitive activity and consequently need to
    be taken into account when choosing appropriate games and game settings for exergame
    interventions.</jats:p></jats:sec>
author:
- first_name: Helen Martha
  full_name: Müller, Helen Martha
  id: '40188'
  last_name: Müller
- first_name: Jochen
  full_name: Baumeister, Jochen
  id: '46'
  last_name: Baumeister
  orcid: 0000-0003-2683-5826
- first_name: Ellen Marie
  full_name: Bardal, Ellen Marie
  last_name: Bardal
- first_name: Beatrix
  full_name: Vereijken, Beatrix
  last_name: Vereijken
- first_name: Nina
  full_name: Skjæret-Maroni, Nina
  last_name: Skjæret-Maroni
citation:
  ama: 'Müller HM, Baumeister J, Bardal EM, Vereijken B, Skjæret-Maroni N. Exergaming
    in older adults: the effects of game characteristics on brain activity and physical
    activity. <i>Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience</i>. 2023;15. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859">10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859</a>'
  apa: 'Müller, H. M., Baumeister, J., Bardal, E. M., Vereijken, B., &#38; Skjæret-Maroni,
    N. (2023). Exergaming in older adults: the effects of game characteristics on
    brain activity and physical activity. <i>Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience</i>,
    <i>15</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859">https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Müller_Baumeister_Bardal_Vereijken_Skjæret-Maroni_2023, title={Exergaming
    in older adults: the effects of game characteristics on brain activity and physical
    activity}, volume={15}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859">10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859</a>},
    journal={Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience}, publisher={Frontiers Media SA}, author={Müller,
    Helen Martha and Baumeister, Jochen and Bardal, Ellen Marie and Vereijken, Beatrix
    and Skjæret-Maroni, Nina}, year={2023} }'
  chicago: 'Müller, Helen Martha, Jochen Baumeister, Ellen Marie Bardal, Beatrix Vereijken,
    and Nina Skjæret-Maroni. “Exergaming in Older Adults: The Effects of Game Characteristics
    on Brain Activity and Physical Activity.” <i>Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience</i>
    15 (2023). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859">https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859</a>.'
  ieee: 'H. M. Müller, J. Baumeister, E. M. Bardal, B. Vereijken, and N. Skjæret-Maroni,
    “Exergaming in older adults: the effects of game characteristics on brain activity
    and physical activity,” <i>Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience</i>, vol. 15, 2023,
    doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859">10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859</a>.'
  mla: 'Müller, Helen Martha, et al. “Exergaming in Older Adults: The Effects of Game
    Characteristics on Brain Activity and Physical Activity.” <i>Frontiers in Aging
    Neuroscience</i>, vol. 15, Frontiers Media SA, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859">10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859</a>.'
  short: H.M. Müller, J. Baumeister, E.M. Bardal, B. Vereijken, N. Skjæret-Maroni,
    Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 15 (2023).
date_created: 2023-05-19T09:26:08Z
date_updated: 2023-05-19T09:35:02Z
department:
- _id: '17'
doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143859
intvolume: '        15'
keyword:
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Aging
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1663-4365
publication_status: published
publisher: Frontiers Media SA
status: public
title: 'Exergaming in older adults: the effects of game characteristics on brain activity
  and physical activity'
type: journal_article
user_id: '46'
volume: 15
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '29462'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Time-variant age information of different parts of a system can be used for
    system-level performance improvement through high-level task scheduling, thus
    extending the life-time of the system. Progressive age information should provide
    the age state that the system is in, and the rate that it is being aged at. In
    this paper, we propose a structure that monitors certain paths of a circuit and
    detects its gradual age growth, and provides the aging rate and aging state of
    the circuit. The proposed monitors are placed on a selected set of nodes that
    represent a timing bottleneck of the system. These monitors sample expected data
    on these nodes, and compare them with the expected values. The timing of sampling
    changes as the circuit ages and its delay increases. The timing of sampling will
    provide a measure of aging advancement of a circuit. To assess the efficacy of
    the proposed method and compare it with other state-of-the-art aging monitors,
    we use them on selected nodes of the execution unit of different processors, as
    well as some circuits from ITC99 benchmarks. The results reveal that the precision
    of our proposed method is between 0.12 (ns) to 0.401 (ns). Its Area and power
    overhead are negligible and are about 2.13 and 0.69 percent respectively.
author:
- first_name: Somayeh
  full_name: Sadeghi-Kohan, Somayeh
  id: '78614'
  last_name: Sadeghi-Kohan
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7246-0610
- first_name: Mehdi
  full_name: Kamal, Mehdi
  last_name: Kamal
- first_name: Zainalabedin
  full_name: Navabi, Zainalabedin
  last_name: Navabi
citation:
  ama: Sadeghi-Kohan S, Kamal M, Navabi Z. Self-Adjusting Monitor for Measuring Aging
    Rate and Advancement. <i>IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing</i>.
    2017;8(3):627-641. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2017.2771441">10.1109/tetc.2017.2771441</a>
  apa: Sadeghi-Kohan, S., Kamal, M., &#38; Navabi, Z. (2017). Self-Adjusting Monitor
    for Measuring Aging Rate and Advancement. <i>IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics
    in Computing</i>, <i>8</i>(3), 627–641. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2017.2771441">https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2017.2771441</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Sadeghi-Kohan_Kamal_Navabi_2017, title={Self-Adjusting Monitor
    for Measuring Aging Rate and Advancement}, volume={8}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2017.2771441">10.1109/tetc.2017.2771441</a>},
    number={3}, journal={IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing}, publisher={Institute
    of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)}, author={Sadeghi-Kohan, Somayeh
    and Kamal, Mehdi and Navabi, Zainalabedin}, year={2017}, pages={627–641} }'
  chicago: 'Sadeghi-Kohan, Somayeh, Mehdi Kamal, and Zainalabedin Navabi. “Self-Adjusting
    Monitor for Measuring Aging Rate and Advancement.” <i>IEEE Transactions on Emerging
    Topics in Computing</i> 8, no. 3 (2017): 627–41. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2017.2771441">https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2017.2771441</a>.'
  ieee: 'S. Sadeghi-Kohan, M. Kamal, and Z. Navabi, “Self-Adjusting Monitor for Measuring
    Aging Rate and Advancement,” <i>IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing</i>,
    vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 627–641, 2017, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2017.2771441">10.1109/tetc.2017.2771441</a>.'
  mla: Sadeghi-Kohan, Somayeh, et al. “Self-Adjusting Monitor for Measuring Aging
    Rate and Advancement.” <i>IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing</i>,
    vol. 8, no. 3, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2017,
    pp. 627–41, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tetc.2017.2771441">10.1109/tetc.2017.2771441</a>.
  short: S. Sadeghi-Kohan, M. Kamal, Z. Navabi, IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics
    in Computing 8 (2017) 627–641.
date_created: 2022-01-19T13:45:51Z
date_updated: 2023-08-02T11:36:30Z
department:
- _id: '48'
doi: 10.1109/tetc.2017.2771441
extern: '1'
intvolume: '         8'
issue: '3'
keyword:
- Age advancement
- age monitoring clock
- aging rate
- self-adjusting monitors
language:
- iso: eng
page: 627-641
publication: IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2168-6750
  - 2376-4562
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
status: public
title: Self-Adjusting Monitor for Measuring Aging Rate and Advancement
type: journal_article
user_id: '78614'
volume: 8
year: '2017'
...