---
_id: '45571'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Self-templating is a facile strategy for synthesizing porous carbons by direct
    pyrolysis of organic metal salts. However, the method typically suffers from low
    yields (<4%) and limited specific surface areas (SSA<2000 m2 g−1) originating
    from low activity of metal cations (e.g., K+ or Na+) in promoting construction
    and activation of carbon frameworks. Here we use cesium acetate as the only precursor
    of oxo-carbons with large SSA of the order of 3000 m2 g−1, pore volume approaching
    2 cm3 g−1, tunable oxygen contents, and yields of up to 15 %. We unravel the role
    of Cs+ as an efficient promoter of framework formation, templating and etching
    agent, while acetates act as carbon/oxygen sources of carbonaceous frameworks.
    The oxo-carbons show record-high CO2 uptake of 8.71 mmol g−1 and an ultimate specific
    capacitance of 313 F g−1 in the supercapacitor. This study helps to understand
    and rationally tailor the materials design by a still rare organic solid-state
    chemistry.
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Jiaxin
  full_name: Li, Jiaxin
  last_name: Li
- first_name: Janina
  full_name: Kossmann, Janina
  last_name: Kossmann
- first_name: Ke
  full_name: Zeng, Ke
  last_name: Zeng
- first_name: Kun
  full_name: Zhang, Kun
  last_name: Zhang
- first_name: Bingjie
  full_name: Wang, Bingjie
  last_name: Wang
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Weinberger, Christian
  id: '11848'
  last_name: Weinberger
- first_name: Markus
  full_name: Antonietti, Markus
  last_name: Antonietti
- first_name: Mateusz
  full_name: Odziomek, Mateusz
  last_name: Odziomek
- first_name: Nieves
  full_name: López‐Salas, Nieves
  last_name: López‐Salas
citation:
  ama: 'Li J, Kossmann J, Zeng K, et al. When High‐Temperature Cesium Chemistry Meets
    Self‐Templating: Metal Acetates as Building Blocks of Unusual Highly Porous Carbons.
    <i>Angewandte Chemie International Edition</i>. Published online 2023. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202217808">10.1002/anie.202217808</a>'
  apa: 'Li, J., Kossmann, J., Zeng, K., Zhang, K., Wang, B., Weinberger, C., Antonietti,
    M., Odziomek, M., &#38; López‐Salas, N. (2023). When High‐Temperature Cesium Chemistry
    Meets Self‐Templating: Metal Acetates as Building Blocks of Unusual Highly Porous
    Carbons. <i>Angewandte Chemie International Edition</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202217808">https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202217808</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Li_Kossmann_Zeng_Zhang_Wang_Weinberger_Antonietti_Odziomek_López‐Salas_2023,
    title={When High‐Temperature Cesium Chemistry Meets Self‐Templating: Metal Acetates
    as Building Blocks of Unusual Highly Porous Carbons}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202217808">10.1002/anie.202217808</a>},
    journal={Angewandte Chemie International Edition}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Li,
    Jiaxin and Kossmann, Janina and Zeng, Ke and Zhang, Kun and Wang, Bingjie and
    Weinberger, Christian and Antonietti, Markus and Odziomek, Mateusz and López‐Salas,
    Nieves}, year={2023} }'
  chicago: 'Li, Jiaxin, Janina Kossmann, Ke Zeng, Kun Zhang, Bingjie Wang, Christian
    Weinberger, Markus Antonietti, Mateusz Odziomek, and Nieves López‐Salas. “When
    High‐Temperature Cesium Chemistry Meets Self‐Templating: Metal Acetates as Building
    Blocks of Unusual Highly Porous Carbons.” <i>Angewandte Chemie International Edition</i>,
    2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202217808">https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202217808</a>.'
  ieee: 'J. Li <i>et al.</i>, “When High‐Temperature Cesium Chemistry Meets Self‐Templating:
    Metal Acetates as Building Blocks of Unusual Highly Porous Carbons,” <i>Angewandte
    Chemie International Edition</i>, 2023, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202217808">10.1002/anie.202217808</a>.'
  mla: 'Li, Jiaxin, et al. “When High‐Temperature Cesium Chemistry Meets Self‐Templating:
    Metal Acetates as Building Blocks of Unusual Highly Porous Carbons.” <i>Angewandte
    Chemie International Edition</i>, Wiley, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202217808">10.1002/anie.202217808</a>.'
  short: J. Li, J. Kossmann, K. Zeng, K. Zhang, B. Wang, C. Weinberger, M. Antonietti,
    M. Odziomek, N. López‐Salas, Angewandte Chemie International Edition (2023).
date_created: 2023-06-12T07:42:09Z
date_updated: 2024-03-21T12:01:33Z
doi: 10.1002/anie.202217808
keyword:
- CO2 Adsorption
- Cesium Acetate
- Cesium Effect
- Porous Carbons
- Supercapacitor
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Angewandte Chemie International Edition
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0044-8249
  - 1521-3757
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
status: public
title: 'When High‐Temperature Cesium Chemistry Meets Self‐Templating: Metal Acetates
  as Building Blocks of Unusual Highly Porous Carbons'
type: journal_article
user_id: '11848'
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '19393'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "To provide a simple instrument to operate residential Load-Shifting or Demand-Side-Management
    \r\nsystems, the measurement of the actual grid frequency seems to be an appropriate
    method. Due to the present \r\ninflexibility and the lack of sufficient throttling
    capabilities of lignite and nuclear power plants, a surplus of \r\nelectricity
    generation occurs during periods of high wind and solar power generation. While
    the specific CO2-\r\nemission is decreasing then ‒ due to the increased share
    of Renewables, the grid frequency is increasing (to a certain \r\nlimit). Using
    the grid frequency as an indicator to switch-on and off certain loads (loads that
    do not require power \r\npermanently (e.g. dishwashers, washing machines, dryers,
    fridges and freezers, heaters) could provide a simple, \r\ninexpensive demand-side
    management indicator to lower specific CO2‒emssions and costs (if a dynamic \r\nconsumption
    tariff is available). To check the truthfulness of that hypothesis, the grid and
    frequency data of the \r\nGerman grid of the year 2018 have been collected and
    a the correlation between grid frequency, power surplus, share \r\nof renewables
    vs. CO2-contents and price at the European energy exchange (EEX) have been calculated.
    The results \r\nshow: Correlation between frequency and share of renewables is
    quite low (r = 0.155) due to the fact that primary \r\ngrid control quickly compensates
    deviations from the 50 Hz nominal frequency. There is a good anti-correlation
    (r = -\r\n0.687) between the EEX‒prices and the share of renewables in the grid.
    Over the years, correlation between \r\nelectricity trading prices (EEX) and CO2
    emissions is quite good (r =0.665), within the one year (2018) that \r\ncorrelation
    almost doesn’t exist, possibly due to the inflexibility of the bulky lignite power
    plants that even operate at \r\nnegative prices. \r\n"
author:
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Krauter, Stefan
  id: '28836'
  last_name: Krauter
  orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: L.
  full_name: Zhang, L.
  last_name: Zhang
citation:
  ama: 'Krauter S, Zhang L. Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation of electricity
    prices, share of renewables, CO2‒contents, and grid‒frequency in the German electricity
    grid. In: <i>Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference,
    07 - 11 September 2020.</i> ; 2020:1815-1817. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9">10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9</a>'
  apa: 'Krauter, S., &#38; Zhang, L. (2020). Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation
    of electricity prices, share of renewables, CO2‒contents, and grid‒frequency in
    the German electricity grid. <i>Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic
    Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020.</i>, 1815–1817. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9">https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Zhang_2020, title={Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management:
    Correlation of electricity prices, share of renewables, CO2‒contents, and grid‒frequency
    in the German electricity grid.}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9">10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9</a>},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference,
    07 - 11 September 2020.}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Zhang, L.}, year={2020},
    pages={1815–1817} }'
  chicago: 'Krauter, Stefan, and L. Zhang. “Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation
    of Electricity Prices, Share of Renewables, CO2‒contents, and Grid‒frequency in
    the German Electricity Grid.” In <i>Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic
    Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020.</i>, 1815–17, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9">https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9</a>.'
  ieee: 'S. Krauter and L. Zhang, “Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation
    of electricity prices, share of renewables, CO2‒contents, and grid‒frequency in
    the German electricity grid.,” in <i>Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic
    Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020.</i>, online, 2020, pp. 1815–1817,
    doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9">10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9</a>.'
  mla: 'Krauter, Stefan, and L. Zhang. “Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation
    of Electricity Prices, Share of Renewables, CO2‒contents, and Grid‒frequency in
    the German Electricity Grid.” <i>Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic
    Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020.</i>, 2020, pp. 1815–17, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9">10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9</a>.'
  short: 'S. Krauter, L. Zhang, in: Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic
    Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020., 2020, pp. 1815–1817.'
conference:
  end_date: 2020-09-11
  location: online
  name: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC
    2020)
  start_date: 2020-09-07
date_created: 2020-09-14T12:43:43Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T12:42:22Z
ddc:
- '620'
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: krauter
  date_created: 2022-01-06T12:35:49Z
  date_updated: 2022-01-06T12:35:49Z
  file_id: '29172'
  file_name: Krauter Zhang - Triggering DSM - EUPVSEC 2020.pdf
  file_size: 1309449
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-01-06T12:35:49Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- 'Keywords: Load-Shifting'
- Demand-Side-Management
- DSM
- grid frequency
- EEX
- electricity trading prices
- renewable share
- flexibility
- emissions
- CO2
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1815 - 1817
publication: Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference,
  07 - 11 September 2020.
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - "\t3-936338-73-6"
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation of electricity prices, share
  of renewables, CO2‒contents, and grid‒frequency in the German electricity grid.'
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '19383'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Due to the present inflexibility and the lack of sufficient throttling capabilities
    of lignite and nuclear power plants, a surplus of electricity generation occurs
    during periods of high wind and solar power generation in the German electricity
    grid. While the specific CO2-emission is decreasing then - due to the increased
    share of Renewables, the grid frequency should be increasing (to a certain limit).
    Using the grid frequency as an indicator to switch-on and -off certain loads (loads
    that do not require power permanently (e.g. dishwashers, washing machines, dryers,
    fridges and freezers, heaters) could provide a simple, inexpensive demand-side-management
    indicator to lower specific CO2-emissions and costs (if a dynamic consumption
    tariff is applied). To check the truthfulness of that hypothesis, the grid and
    frequency data of the German grid of the year 2018 have been collected and the
    correlations between grid frequency, share of renewables, CO2-contents, and actual
    price at the European energy exchange (EEX) have been calculated. The results
    show: Correlation between grid frequency and the share of renewables is quite
    low (r=0.155) due to the fact that primary grid control quickly compensates deviations
    from the 50 Hz nominal frequency. As expected, there is a good anti-correlation
    (r=-0.687) between the EEX-prices and the share of renewables in the grid. Over
    the years, correlation between electricity trading prices (EEX) and CO2 emissions
    is quite good (r=0.665), within the one year (2018) that correlation almost doesn''t
    exist, possibly due to the inflexibility of the bulky lignite baseload power plants
    that even operate at negative prices.'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Krauter, Stefan
  id: '28836'
  last_name: Krauter
  orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: L.
  full_name: Zhang, L.
  last_name: Zhang
citation:
  ama: 'Krauter S, Zhang L. Correlation of grid-frequency, electricity prices, share
    of Renewables and CO2-contents of German electricity grid to enable inexpensive
    triggering of Demand-Side-Management. In: IEEE, ed. <i>Proceedings of the 47th
    IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) 2020</i>. ; 2020:1672-1674.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487">10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487</a>'
  apa: Krauter, S., &#38; Zhang, L. (2020). Correlation of grid-frequency, electricity
    prices, share of Renewables and CO2-contents of German electricity grid to enable
    inexpensive triggering of Demand-Side-Management. In IEEE (Ed.), <i>Proceedings
    of the 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) 2020</i> (pp. 1672–1674).
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487">https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Zhang_2020, title={Correlation of grid-frequency,
    electricity prices, share of Renewables and CO2-contents of German electricity
    grid to enable inexpensive triggering of Demand-Side-Management}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487">10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487</a>},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC
    47) 2020}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Zhang, L.}, editor={IEEE}, year={2020},
    pages={1672–1674} }'
  chicago: Krauter, Stefan, and L. Zhang. “Correlation of Grid-Frequency, Electricity
    Prices, Share of Renewables and CO2-Contents of German Electricity Grid to Enable
    Inexpensive Triggering of Demand-Side-Management.” In <i>Proceedings of the 47th
    IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) 2020</i>, edited by IEEE, 1672–74,
    2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487">https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487</a>.
  ieee: 'S. Krauter and L. Zhang, “Correlation of grid-frequency, electricity prices,
    share of Renewables and CO2-contents of German electricity grid to enable inexpensive
    triggering of Demand-Side-Management,” in <i>Proceedings of the 47th IEEE Photovoltaic
    Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) 2020</i>, online, 2020, pp. 1672–1674, doi: <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487">10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487</a>.'
  mla: Krauter, Stefan, and L. Zhang. “Correlation of Grid-Frequency, Electricity
    Prices, Share of Renewables and CO2-Contents of German Electricity Grid to Enable
    Inexpensive Triggering of Demand-Side-Management.” <i>Proceedings of the 47th
    IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) 2020</i>, edited by IEEE, 2020,
    pp. 1672–74, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487">10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487</a>.
  short: 'S. Krauter, L. Zhang, in: IEEE (Ed.), Proceedings of the 47th IEEE Photovoltaic
    Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) 2020, 2020, pp. 1672–1674.'
conference:
  end_date: 2020-06-21
  location: online
  name: 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47)
  start_date: 2020-06-15
corporate_editor:
- IEEE
date_created: 2020-09-14T12:39:41Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:52:16Z
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487
keyword:
- CO2
- EEX
- Grid frequency
- DSM
- electricity price
- Renewable share
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9300487
page: 1672-1674
publication: Proceedings of the 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC
  47) 2020
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Correlation of grid-frequency, electricity prices, share of Renewables and
  CO2-contents of German electricity grid to enable inexpensive triggering of Demand-Side-Management
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2020'
...