[{"status":"public","publication":"IEEE Annals of the History of Computing","type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["Sozialismus","Schachcomputer","Deutschland {\\textless}DDR{\\textgreater}","KI","Schach","Spätsozialismus","1980er-Jahre"],"department":[{"_id":"514"},{"_id":"615"}],"user_id":"100968","_id":"51825","page":"66–79","citation":{"ama":"Schmitt M. Socialist AI? Societal Use, Economic Implementation, and the Tensions of Applied Computer Science in Late Socialist GDR. <i>IEEE Annals of the History of Computing</i>. Published online 2023:66–79. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/MAHC.2023.3298694\">10.1109/MAHC.2023.3298694</a>","ieee":"M. Schmitt, “Socialist AI? Societal Use, Economic Implementation, and the Tensions of Applied Computer Science in Late Socialist GDR,” <i>IEEE Annals of the History of Computing</i>, pp. 66–79, 2023, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/MAHC.2023.3298694\">10.1109/MAHC.2023.3298694</a>.","chicago":"Schmitt, Martin. “Socialist AI? Societal Use, Economic Implementation, and the Tensions of Applied Computer Science in Late Socialist GDR.” <i>IEEE Annals of the History of Computing</i>, 2023, 66–79. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/MAHC.2023.3298694\">https://doi.org/10.1109/MAHC.2023.3298694</a>.","apa":"Schmitt, M. (2023). Socialist AI? Societal Use, Economic Implementation, and the Tensions of Applied Computer Science in Late Socialist GDR. <i>IEEE Annals of the History of Computing</i>, 66–79. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/MAHC.2023.3298694\">https://doi.org/10.1109/MAHC.2023.3298694</a>","bibtex":"@article{Schmitt_2023, title={Socialist AI? Societal Use, Economic Implementation, and the Tensions of Applied Computer Science in Late Socialist GDR}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/MAHC.2023.3298694\">10.1109/MAHC.2023.3298694</a>}, journal={IEEE Annals of the History of Computing}, author={Schmitt, Martin}, year={2023}, pages={66–79} }","mla":"Schmitt, Martin. “Socialist AI? Societal Use, Economic Implementation, and the Tensions of Applied Computer Science in Late Socialist GDR.” <i>IEEE Annals of the History of Computing</i>, 2023, pp. 66–79, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/MAHC.2023.3298694\">10.1109/MAHC.2023.3298694</a>.","short":"M. Schmitt, IEEE Annals of the History of Computing (2023) 66–79."},"year":"2023","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1058-6180, 1934-1547"]},"doi":"10.1109/MAHC.2023.3298694","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10193852/"}],"title":"Socialist AI? Societal Use, Economic Implementation, and the Tensions of Applied Computer Science in Late Socialist GDR","date_created":"2024-02-24T23:37:54Z","author":[{"last_name":"Schmitt","id":"100968","full_name":"Schmitt, Martin","first_name":"Martin"}],"date_updated":"2025-10-21T16:42:21Z"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["Berufswahl","DDR"],"article_type":"original","user_id":"60285","_id":"36995","status":"public","abstract":[{"text":"Der vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit der Berufswahl in der ehemaligen DDR. Hier wurde von einer \"gelenkten Berufswahl\" gesprochen. Dabei galten alle Berufe als gleichwertig. \"Sozialistische Berufswahl\" wurde als pädagogisches Programm und als freie Berufswahl betrachtet. Dies gilt es genauer zu erörtern. Grundlage sind Beiträge, die in der Berufsbildung zwischen 1950 und 1979 erschienen sind.","lang":"ger"},{"text":"This article deals with career choices in the former GDR. A \"guided career choice\" was spoken of here. All professions were considered equal. \"Socialist Career Choices\" was viewed as a pedagogical program and as a free choice of career. This needs to be discussed in more detail. It is based on articles that appeared in vocational training between 1950 and 1979.","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"Berufsbildung. Zeitschrift für Theorie-Praxis-Dialog","type":"journal_article","doi":"10.3278/BB2201W","title":"Sozialistische Berufswahl und Nachwuchslenkung in der DDR","volume":192,"author":[{"first_name":"Dietmar","last_name":"Heisler","id":"60285","full_name":"Heisler, Dietmar"}],"date_created":"2023-01-17T08:54:25Z","date_updated":"2023-03-29T14:50:30Z","publisher":"wbv, Eusl","intvolume":"       192","citation":{"ama":"Heisler D. Sozialistische Berufswahl und Nachwuchslenkung in der DDR. <i>Berufsbildung Zeitschrift für Theorie-Praxis-Dialog</i>. 2022;192. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3278/BB2201W\">10.3278/BB2201W</a>","chicago":"Heisler, Dietmar. “Sozialistische Berufswahl Und Nachwuchslenkung in Der DDR.” <i>Berufsbildung. Zeitschrift Für Theorie-Praxis-Dialog</i> 192 (2022). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3278/BB2201W\">https://doi.org/10.3278/BB2201W</a>.","ieee":"D. Heisler, “Sozialistische Berufswahl und Nachwuchslenkung in der DDR,” <i>Berufsbildung. Zeitschrift für Theorie-Praxis-Dialog</i>, vol. 192, 2022, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3278/BB2201W\">10.3278/BB2201W</a>.","short":"D. Heisler, Berufsbildung. Zeitschrift Für Theorie-Praxis-Dialog 192 (2022).","mla":"Heisler, Dietmar. “Sozialistische Berufswahl Und Nachwuchslenkung in Der DDR.” <i>Berufsbildung. Zeitschrift Für Theorie-Praxis-Dialog</i>, vol. 192, wbv, Eusl, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3278/BB2201W\">10.3278/BB2201W</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Heisler_2022, title={Sozialistische Berufswahl und Nachwuchslenkung in der DDR}, volume={192}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3278/BB2201W\">10.3278/BB2201W</a>}, journal={Berufsbildung. Zeitschrift für Theorie-Praxis-Dialog}, publisher={wbv, Eusl}, author={Heisler, Dietmar}, year={2022} }","apa":"Heisler, D. (2022). Sozialistische Berufswahl und Nachwuchslenkung in der DDR. <i>Berufsbildung. Zeitschrift Für Theorie-Praxis-Dialog</i>, <i>192</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3278/BB2201W\">https://doi.org/10.3278/BB2201W</a>"},"year":"2022","quality_controlled":"1"},{"title":"Banking the Future of Banking: Savings banks and the Digital Age in East and West Germany","date_updated":"2025-10-21T16:42:44Z","publisher":"ACM","date_created":"2024-02-24T23:27:32Z","author":[{"id":"100968","full_name":"Schmitt, Martin","last_name":"Schmitt","first_name":"Martin"}],"place":"New York","year":"2022","page":"87–115","citation":{"apa":"Schmitt, M. (2022). Banking the Future of Banking: Savings banks and the Digital Age in East and West Germany. In D. van Lente (Ed.), <i>Prophets of Computing: Visions of Society Transformed by Computing</i> (pp. 87–115). ACM.","mla":"Schmitt, Martin. “Banking the Future of Banking: Savings Banks and the Digital Age in East and West Germany.” <i>Prophets of Computing: Visions of Society Transformed by Computing</i>, edited by Dick van Lente, ACM, 2022, pp. 87–115.","bibtex":"@inbook{Schmitt_2022, place={New York}, title={Banking the Future of Banking: Savings banks and the Digital Age in East and West Germany}, booktitle={Prophets of Computing: Visions of Society Transformed by Computing}, publisher={ACM}, author={Schmitt, Martin}, editor={van Lente, Dick}, year={2022}, pages={87–115} }","short":"M. Schmitt, in: D. van Lente (Ed.), Prophets of Computing: Visions of Society Transformed by Computing, ACM, New York, 2022, pp. 87–115.","ama":"Schmitt M. Banking the Future of Banking: Savings banks and the Digital Age in East and West Germany. In: van Lente D, ed. <i>Prophets of Computing: Visions of Society Transformed by Computing</i>. ACM; 2022:87–115.","chicago":"Schmitt, Martin. “Banking the Future of Banking: Savings Banks and the Digital Age in East and West Germany.” In <i>Prophets of Computing: Visions of Society Transformed by Computing</i>, edited by Dick van Lente, 87–115. New York: ACM, 2022.","ieee":"M. Schmitt, “Banking the Future of Banking: Savings banks and the Digital Age in East and West Germany,” in <i>Prophets of Computing: Visions of Society Transformed by Computing</i>, D. van Lente, Ed. New York: ACM, 2022, pp. 87–115."},"keyword":["Sparkassen","Computer","1960er","Kreditwirtschaft","Digitalisierung","Deutschland {\\textless}DDR{\\textgreater}","Deutschland {\\textless}Bundesrepublik{\\textgreater}"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"51809","department":[{"_id":"514"},{"_id":"615"}],"user_id":"100968","editor":[{"last_name":"van Lente","full_name":"van Lente, Dick","first_name":"Dick"}],"status":"public","publication":"Prophets of Computing: Visions of Society Transformed by Computing","type":"book_chapter"},{"date_updated":"2024-02-25T00:03:20Z","publisher":"Wallstein","author":[{"first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Schmitt","id":"100968","full_name":"Schmitt, Martin"}],"date_created":"2024-02-24T23:31:56Z","title":"Computernutzung in der DDR. Die Geschichte des VVB Maschinelles Rechnen am Beispiel des Potsdamer Rechenzentrums","place":"Göttingen","year":"2020","page":"123–140","citation":{"bibtex":"@inbook{Schmitt_2020, place={Göttingen}, series={Potsdamer Almanach des Leibniz-Zentrums für Zeithistorische Forschung}, title={Computernutzung in der DDR. Die Geschichte des VVB Maschinelles Rechnen am Beispiel des Potsdamer Rechenzentrums}, booktitle={ZeitRäume 2020}, publisher={Wallstein}, author={Schmitt, Martin}, editor={Bösch, Frank and Sabrow, Martin}, year={2020}, pages={123–140}, collection={Potsdamer Almanach des Leibniz-Zentrums für Zeithistorische Forschung} }","short":"M. Schmitt, in: F. Bösch, M. Sabrow (Eds.), ZeitRäume 2020, Wallstein, Göttingen, 2020, pp. 123–140.","mla":"Schmitt, Martin. “Computernutzung in Der DDR. Die Geschichte Des VVB Maschinelles Rechnen Am Beispiel Des Potsdamer Rechenzentrums.” <i>ZeitRäume 2020</i>, edited by Frank Bösch and Martin Sabrow, Wallstein, 2020, pp. 123–140.","apa":"Schmitt, M. (2020). Computernutzung in der DDR. Die Geschichte des VVB Maschinelles Rechnen am Beispiel des Potsdamer Rechenzentrums. In F. Bösch &#38; M. Sabrow (Eds.), <i>ZeitRäume 2020</i> (pp. 123–140). Wallstein.","chicago":"Schmitt, Martin. “Computernutzung in Der DDR. Die Geschichte Des VVB Maschinelles Rechnen Am Beispiel Des Potsdamer Rechenzentrums.” In <i>ZeitRäume 2020</i>, edited by Frank Bösch and Martin Sabrow, 123–140. Potsdamer Almanach Des Leibniz-Zentrums Für Zeithistorische Forschung. Göttingen: Wallstein, 2020.","ieee":"M. Schmitt, “Computernutzung in der DDR. Die Geschichte des VVB Maschinelles Rechnen am Beispiel des Potsdamer Rechenzentrums,” in <i>ZeitRäume 2020</i>, F. Bösch and M. Sabrow, Eds. Göttingen: Wallstein, 2020, pp. 123–140.","ama":"Schmitt M. Computernutzung in der DDR. Die Geschichte des VVB Maschinelles Rechnen am Beispiel des Potsdamer Rechenzentrums. In: Bösch F, Sabrow M, eds. <i>ZeitRäume 2020</i>. Potsdamer Almanach des Leibniz-Zentrums für Zeithistorische Forschung. Wallstein; 2020:123–140."},"_id":"51814","user_id":"100968","series_title":"Potsdamer Almanach des Leibniz-Zentrums für Zeithistorische Forschung","keyword":["DDR","VEB Maschinelles Rechnen","VVB Maschinelles Rechnen","Maschinelles Rechnen","1950er-Jahre","Kombinat Datenverarbeitung"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"ZeitRäume 2020","type":"book_chapter","editor":[{"full_name":"Bösch, Frank","last_name":"Bösch","first_name":"Frank"},{"first_name":"Martin","full_name":"Sabrow, Martin","last_name":"Sabrow"}],"status":"public"},{"title":"Aufbrüche in das Digitale Zeitalter. Computernutzung in Deutschland, 1951-1967","publisher":"ZCOM Zuse Computer-Museum","date_updated":"2024-02-25T00:04:08Z","date_created":"2024-02-24T23:32:07Z","author":[{"last_name":"Schmitt","id":"100968","full_name":"Schmitt, Martin","first_name":"Martin"}],"place":"Hoyerswerda","year":"2020","page":"34–40","citation":{"short":"M. Schmitt, in: Z. Zuse-Computer-Museum (Ed.), Computer &#38; Museum. Beiträge Des Festkolloquiums Vom 19.09.2020, ZCOM Zuse Computer-Museum, Hoyerswerda, 2020, pp. 34–40.","mla":"Schmitt, Martin. “Aufbrüche in Das Digitale Zeitalter. Computernutzung in Deutschland, 1951-1967.” <i>Computer &#38; Museum. Beiträge Des Festkolloquiums Vom 19.09.2020</i>, edited by ZCOM Zuse-Computer-Museum, ZCOM Zuse Computer-Museum, 2020, pp. 34–40.","bibtex":"@inbook{Schmitt_2020, place={Hoyerswerda}, title={Aufbrüche in das Digitale Zeitalter. Computernutzung in Deutschland, 1951-1967}, booktitle={Computer &#38; Museum. Beiträge des Festkolloquiums vom 19.09.2020}, publisher={ZCOM Zuse Computer-Museum}, author={Schmitt, Martin}, editor={Zuse-Computer-Museum, ZCOM}, year={2020}, pages={34–40} }","apa":"Schmitt, M. (2020). Aufbrüche in das Digitale Zeitalter. Computernutzung in Deutschland, 1951-1967. In Z. Zuse-Computer-Museum (Ed.), <i>Computer &#38; Museum. Beiträge des Festkolloquiums vom 19.09.2020</i> (pp. 34–40). ZCOM Zuse Computer-Museum.","ama":"Schmitt M. Aufbrüche in das Digitale Zeitalter. Computernutzung in Deutschland, 1951-1967. In: Zuse-Computer-Museum Z, ed. <i>Computer &#38; Museum. Beiträge Des Festkolloquiums Vom 19.09.2020</i>. ZCOM Zuse Computer-Museum; 2020:34–40.","ieee":"M. Schmitt, “Aufbrüche in das Digitale Zeitalter. Computernutzung in Deutschland, 1951-1967,” in <i>Computer &#38; Museum. Beiträge des Festkolloquiums vom 19.09.2020</i>, Z. Zuse-Computer-Museum, Ed. Hoyerswerda: ZCOM Zuse Computer-Museum, 2020, pp. 34–40.","chicago":"Schmitt, Martin. “Aufbrüche in Das Digitale Zeitalter. Computernutzung in Deutschland, 1951-1967.” In <i>Computer &#38; Museum. Beiträge Des Festkolloquiums Vom 19.09.2020</i>, edited by ZCOM Zuse-Computer-Museum, 34–40. Hoyerswerda: ZCOM Zuse Computer-Museum, 2020."},"keyword":["DDR","VEB Maschinelles Rechnen","VVB Maschinelles Rechnen","Maschinelles Rechnen","1950er-Jahre","Kombinat Datenverarbeitung"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"51815","user_id":"100968","editor":[{"first_name":"ZCOM","full_name":"Zuse-Computer-Museum, ZCOM","last_name":"Zuse-Computer-Museum"}],"status":"public","publication":"Computer & Museum. Beiträge des Festkolloquiums vom 19.09.2020","type":"book_chapter"},{"publisher":"Deutscher Sparkassenverlag","date_updated":"2024-02-25T00:06:49Z","date_created":"2024-02-24T23:29:46Z","author":[{"first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Schmitt","full_name":"Schmitt, Martin","id":"100968"}],"title":"Digitalisierung in den Sparkassen Ost-und West-Berlins","place":"Stuttgart","year":"2019","page":"85–108","citation":{"mla":"Schmitt, Martin. “Digitalisierung in Den Sparkassen Ost-Und West-Berlins.” <i>Wendezeiten. Sparkassen in Historischen Umbrüchen Am Beispiel Berlins</i>, edited by Wissenschaftsförderung der Sparkassen-Finanzgruppe e. V., Deutscher Sparkassenverlag, 2019, pp. 85–108.","short":"M. Schmitt, in: W. der Sparkassen-Finanzgruppe e. V. (Ed.), Wendezeiten. Sparkassen in Historischen Umbrüchen Am Beispiel Berlins, Deutscher Sparkassenverlag, Stuttgart, 2019, pp. 85–108.","bibtex":"@inbook{Schmitt_2019, place={Stuttgart}, series={Sparkassen in der Geschichte, Abteilung 1: Dokumentation}, title={Digitalisierung in den Sparkassen Ost-und West-Berlins}, booktitle={Wendezeiten. Sparkassen in historischen Umbrüchen am Beispiel Berlins}, publisher={Deutscher Sparkassenverlag}, author={Schmitt, Martin}, editor={der Sparkassen-Finanzgruppe e. V., Wissenschaftsförderung}, year={2019}, pages={85–108}, collection={Sparkassen in der Geschichte, Abteilung 1: Dokumentation} }","ama":"Schmitt M. Digitalisierung in den Sparkassen Ost-und West-Berlins. In: der Sparkassen-Finanzgruppe e. V. W, ed. <i>Wendezeiten. Sparkassen in Historischen Umbrüchen Am Beispiel Berlins</i>. Sparkassen in der Geschichte, Abteilung 1: Dokumentation. Deutscher Sparkassenverlag; 2019:85–108.","apa":"Schmitt, M. (2019). Digitalisierung in den Sparkassen Ost-und West-Berlins. In W. der Sparkassen-Finanzgruppe e. V. (Ed.), <i>Wendezeiten. Sparkassen in historischen Umbrüchen am Beispiel Berlins</i> (pp. 85–108). Deutscher Sparkassenverlag.","ieee":"M. Schmitt, “Digitalisierung in den Sparkassen Ost-und West-Berlins,” in <i>Wendezeiten. Sparkassen in historischen Umbrüchen am Beispiel Berlins</i>, W. der Sparkassen-Finanzgruppe e. V., Ed. Stuttgart: Deutscher Sparkassenverlag, 2019, pp. 85–108.","chicago":"Schmitt, Martin. “Digitalisierung in Den Sparkassen Ost-Und West-Berlins.” In <i>Wendezeiten. Sparkassen in Historischen Umbrüchen Am Beispiel Berlins</i>, edited by Wissenschaftsförderung der Sparkassen-Finanzgruppe e. V., 85–108. Sparkassen in Der Geschichte, Abteilung 1: Dokumentation. Stuttgart: Deutscher Sparkassenverlag, 2019."},"_id":"51812","series_title":"Sparkassen in der Geschichte, Abteilung 1: Dokumentation","user_id":"100968","keyword":["Wiedervereinigung","Wende","Sparkasse","Berlin","Stuttgart","West-Berlin","Deutschland {\\textless}DDR{\\textgreater}","Deutschland {\\textless}Bundesrepublik{\\textgreater}"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Wendezeiten. Sparkassen in historischen Umbrüchen am Beispiel Berlins","type":"book_chapter","editor":[{"first_name":"Wissenschaftsförderung","last_name":"der Sparkassen-Finanzgruppe e. V.","full_name":"der Sparkassen-Finanzgruppe e. V., Wissenschaftsförderung"}],"status":"public"}]