---
_id: '64182'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Overcoming the slow kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction at the anode
is a key challenge for the production of hydrogen via electrolysis. This reaction
operates at very positive potentials, where the electrocatalyst is exposed to
highly oxidative conditions and prone to potential-dependent transformation of
the near-surface region. While substantial evidence for such surface restructuring
exists, its extent and relevance for the catalyst’s activity are unclear. We address
this topic for the case of Co3O4, one of the best-known electrocatalysts exhibiting
surface restructuring, by studies of epitaxial (111)-ordered electrodeposited
films with combined operando X-ray surface diffraction and absorption spectroscopy,
electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and electrochemical measurements on rotating
disk electrodes. Comparison of the as-prepared and annealed state of the same
samples, which both are stable even under long-term oxygen evolution conditions,
provides clear insight into the role of surface defects. Our results show that
defect-free annealed Co3O4(111) surfaces are structurally stable over a wide potential
range and hydroxylate via adsorption at surface oxygen and Co sites. Potential-induced
surface restructuring of the Co3O4 lattice occurs only in the presence of surface
defects, leading to the formation of the well-known nanometer-thick oxyhydroxide
skin layer. The presence of this skin layer promotes oxygen evolution at low overpotentials
but results in higher Tafel slopes. As a result, highly ordered Co3O4(111) surfaces
are more active at high current densities than defective Co3O4 surfaces that undergo
surface restructuring. These results highlight that strategies for catalyst surface
defect engineering need to be application-oriented.
article_number: acscatal.5c08785
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Carl Hendric
full_name: Scharf, Carl Hendric
last_name: Scharf
- first_name: Alex
full_name: Chandraraj, Alex
last_name: Chandraraj
- first_name: Konrad
full_name: Dyk, Konrad
last_name: Dyk
- first_name: Felix
full_name: Stebner, Felix
last_name: Stebner
- first_name: Sören
full_name: Lepin, Sören
last_name: Lepin
- first_name: Jing
full_name: Tian, Jing
last_name: Tian
- first_name: Laila
full_name: El Bergmi Byaz, Laila
last_name: El Bergmi Byaz
- first_name: Jochim
full_name: Stettner, Jochim
last_name: Stettner
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Anastasiia
full_name: Kotova, Anastasiia
last_name: Kotova
- first_name: Sebastian
full_name: Reinke, Sebastian
id: '117727'
last_name: Reinke
- first_name: Julia
full_name: Linnemann, Julia
id: '116779'
last_name: Linnemann
orcid: 0000-0001-6883-5424
- first_name: Fouad
full_name: Maroun, Fouad
last_name: Maroun
- first_name: Olaf M.
full_name: Magnussen, Olaf M.
last_name: Magnussen
citation:
ama: Scharf CH, Chandraraj A, Dyk K, et al. Role of Defects in Reversible Surface
Restructuring and Activity of Co3O4 Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts.
ACS Catalysis. Published online 2026. doi:10.1021/acscatal.5c08785
apa: Scharf, C. H., Chandraraj, A., Dyk, K., Stebner, F., Lepin, S., Tian, J., El
Bergmi Byaz, L., Stettner, J., Leppin, C., Kotova, A., Reinke, S., Linnemann,
J., Maroun, F., & Magnussen, O. M. (2026). Role of Defects in Reversible Surface
Restructuring and Activity of Co3O4 Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts.
ACS Catalysis, Article acscatal.5c08785. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5c08785
bibtex: '@article{Scharf_Chandraraj_Dyk_Stebner_Lepin_Tian_El Bergmi Byaz_Stettner_Leppin_Kotova_et
al._2026, title={Role of Defects in Reversible Surface Restructuring and Activity
of Co3O4 Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts}, DOI={10.1021/acscatal.5c08785},
number={acscatal.5c08785}, journal={ACS Catalysis}, publisher={American Chemical
Society (ACS)}, author={Scharf, Carl Hendric and Chandraraj, Alex and Dyk, Konrad
and Stebner, Felix and Lepin, Sören and Tian, Jing and El Bergmi Byaz, Laila and
Stettner, Jochim and Leppin, Christian and Kotova, Anastasiia and et al.}, year={2026}
}'
chicago: Scharf, Carl Hendric, Alex Chandraraj, Konrad Dyk, Felix Stebner, Sören
Lepin, Jing Tian, Laila El Bergmi Byaz, et al. “Role of Defects in Reversible
Surface Restructuring and Activity of Co3O4 Oxygen Evolution
Electrocatalysts.” ACS Catalysis, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5c08785.
ieee: 'C. H. Scharf et al., “Role of Defects in Reversible Surface Restructuring
and Activity of Co3O4 Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts,”
ACS Catalysis, Art. no. acscatal.5c08785, 2026, doi: 10.1021/acscatal.5c08785.'
mla: Scharf, Carl Hendric, et al. “Role of Defects in Reversible Surface Restructuring
and Activity of Co3O4 Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts.”
ACS Catalysis, acscatal.5c08785, American Chemical Society (ACS), 2026,
doi:10.1021/acscatal.5c08785.
short: C.H. Scharf, A. Chandraraj, K. Dyk, F. Stebner, S. Lepin, J. Tian, L. El
Bergmi Byaz, J. Stettner, C. Leppin, A. Kotova, S. Reinke, J. Linnemann, F. Maroun,
O.M. Magnussen, ACS Catalysis (2026).
date_created: 2026-02-16T14:22:15Z
date_updated: 2026-02-16T14:25:00Z
department:
- _id: '985'
doi: 10.1021/acscatal.5c08785
keyword:
- electrocatalysis
- oxygen evolution reaction
- cobalt spinel
- operando characterization
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acscatal.5c08785
oa: '1'
publication: ACS Catalysis
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2155-5435
- 2155-5435
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Role of Defects in Reversible Surface Restructuring and Activity of Co3O4
Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts
type: journal_article
user_id: '116779'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '62798'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We investigated electrodeposited nanoparticulate nickel selenide (pre)catalysts
that transform into nickel oxides/oxyhydroxides under oxygen evolution reaction
conditions in alkaline solutions. Previous studies of this transformation were
conducted at lower current densities than those of industrial relevance (≥1 A
cm–2). We used ultramicroelectrodes (UMEs) to achieve such current densities,
benefiting from their small size, ensuring low absolute currents and low ohmic
drop but high current densities. Morphological degradation of the catalyst material
was only observed at current densities exceeding 1 A cm–2 but not for smaller
ones. Using X-ray absorption, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction,
we confirmed that the degradation was accompanied by the literature-known transformation
of nanoparticulate Ni3Se2 (bulk)/NiSe (surface) into nickel oxyhydroxide. The
transformation of the precatalyst goes along with a significant improvement in
the charge transfer kinetics observed by decreasing Tafel slopes with ongoing
experimental time extracted from cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments and electrochemical
impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in the high-frequency range. However, these kinetic
improvements are accompanied by limitations in mass transport concluded from decreasing
current responses at high overpotentials in CVs and increasing impedance in the
low-frequency range of the EIS spectra after extended CV cycling. These mass transport
limitations originated from morphological degradations at the UME exceeding 1
A cm–2 which we proved by applying identical location scanning electron microscopy.
This has not been reported in studies that have been limited to lower current
densities before. Our findings showcase how UMEs can be used to study (pre)catalysts
(herein nickel selenides) under current densities of industrial relevance in the
absence of ohmic drop-related ambiguities, combined with in-depth materials characterization
studies, e.g., identical location microscopy and advanced spectroscopic methods.
This approach enables direct evaluation and comparison of catalyst materials and
thus demonstrates how to overcome long-standing limitations of electrocatalyst
design and testing.
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Felix
full_name: Hiege, Felix
last_name: Hiege
- first_name: Chun-Wai
full_name: Chang, Chun-Wai
last_name: Chang
- first_name: Oliver
full_name: Trost, Oliver
last_name: Trost
- first_name: Charlotte E. R.
full_name: van Halteren, Charlotte E. R.
last_name: van Halteren
- first_name: Pouya
full_name: Hosseini, Pouya
last_name: Hosseini
- first_name: Georg
full_name: Bendt, Georg
last_name: Bendt
- first_name: Stephan
full_name: Schulz, Stephan
last_name: Schulz
- first_name: Zhenxing
full_name: Feng, Zhenxing
last_name: Feng
- first_name: Julia
full_name: Linnemann, Julia
id: '116779'
last_name: Linnemann
orcid: 0000-0001-6883-5424
- first_name: Kristina
full_name: Tschulik, Kristina
last_name: Tschulik
citation:
ama: Hiege F, Chang C-W, Trost O, et al. Morphological Degradation of Oxygen Evolution
Reaction-Electrocatalyzing Nickel Selenides at Industrially Relevant Current Densities.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 2025;17(29):41893-41903. doi:10.1021/acsami.5c05381
apa: Hiege, F., Chang, C.-W., Trost, O., van Halteren, C. E. R., Hosseini, P., Bendt,
G., Schulz, S., Feng, Z., Linnemann, J., & Tschulik, K. (2025). Morphological
Degradation of Oxygen Evolution Reaction-Electrocatalyzing Nickel Selenides at
Industrially Relevant Current Densities. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
17(29), 41893–41903. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c05381
bibtex: '@article{Hiege_Chang_Trost_van Halteren_Hosseini_Bendt_Schulz_Feng_Linnemann_Tschulik_2025,
title={Morphological Degradation of Oxygen Evolution Reaction-Electrocatalyzing
Nickel Selenides at Industrially Relevant Current Densities}, volume={17}, DOI={10.1021/acsami.5c05381}, number={29},
journal={ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces}, publisher={American Chemical
Society (ACS)}, author={Hiege, Felix and Chang, Chun-Wai and Trost, Oliver and
van Halteren, Charlotte E. R. and Hosseini, Pouya and Bendt, Georg and Schulz,
Stephan and Feng, Zhenxing and Linnemann, Julia and Tschulik, Kristina}, year={2025},
pages={41893–41903} }'
chicago: 'Hiege, Felix, Chun-Wai Chang, Oliver Trost, Charlotte E. R. van Halteren,
Pouya Hosseini, Georg Bendt, Stephan Schulz, Zhenxing Feng, Julia Linnemann, and
Kristina Tschulik. “Morphological Degradation of Oxygen Evolution Reaction-Electrocatalyzing
Nickel Selenides at Industrially Relevant Current Densities.” ACS Applied Materials
& Interfaces 17, no. 29 (2025): 41893–903. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c05381.'
ieee: 'F. Hiege et al., “Morphological Degradation of Oxygen Evolution Reaction-Electrocatalyzing
Nickel Selenides at Industrially Relevant Current Densities,” ACS Applied Materials
& Interfaces, vol. 17, no. 29, pp. 41893–41903, 2025, doi: 10.1021/acsami.5c05381.'
mla: Hiege, Felix, et al. “Morphological Degradation of Oxygen Evolution Reaction-Electrocatalyzing
Nickel Selenides at Industrially Relevant Current Densities.” ACS Applied Materials
& Interfaces, vol. 17, no. 29, American Chemical Society (ACS), 2025,
pp. 41893–903, doi:10.1021/acsami.5c05381.
short: F. Hiege, C.-W. Chang, O. Trost, C.E.R. van Halteren, P. Hosseini, G. Bendt,
S. Schulz, Z. Feng, J. Linnemann, K. Tschulik, ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
17 (2025) 41893–41903.
date_created: 2025-12-03T15:08:47Z
date_updated: 2025-12-03T16:27:30Z
department:
- _id: '985'
doi: 10.1021/acsami.5c05381
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 17'
issue: '29'
keyword:
- Electrocatalysis
- oxygen evolution reaction
- nickel selenide
- microelectrode
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsami.5c05381
oa: '1'
page: 41893-41903
publication: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1944-8244
- 1944-8252
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Morphological Degradation of Oxygen Evolution Reaction-Electrocatalyzing Nickel
Selenides at Industrially Relevant Current Densities
type: journal_article
user_id: '116779'
volume: 17
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '61982'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Doped Co3O4 nanoparticles are investigated via spectro-electrochemistry in
the (pre-) oxygen evolution reaction (OER) regime by tracing the absorption signal
of the Co3+ d–d transition under applied bias for getting insight into the catalysts
activation and the formation of catalytically active phases. In the low potential
regime up to 1.37 VRHE, a rise in the optical absorption signal of the [Co3+]oct
d–d transition is observed and attributed to a structural change from [Co2+]tet
to [Co3+]oct due to an electrochemically induced surface restructuring with water.
For applied potentials higher than 1.37 VRHE an overall offset of the absorption
spectra in the UV–vis range, equivalent to a darkening of the materials is detected.
This is attributed to the formation of a CoOx(OH)y skin layer as supported by
high-energy X-ray diffraction (HE-XRD) measurements. We found that the kinetics
of the Co3+ states are heavily influenced by the type of dopant with V-doped Co3O4
exhibiting stable Co3+ states (>20 min) while the Mn-doped Co3O4 Co3+ states reduce
within 36 s under reductive bias. We conclude that doping Co3O4 with transition
metals affects the formation and potential-dependent thickness of the CoOx(OH)y
skin layer as the catalytically active phase and the formation of long-time stable
surface Co3+ states after activation in the first OER cycle.
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: L.
full_name: Kampermann, L.
last_name: Kampermann
- first_name: J.
full_name: Klein, J.
last_name: Klein
- first_name: T.
full_name: Wagner, T.
last_name: Wagner
- first_name: A.
full_name: Kotova, A.
last_name: Kotova
- first_name: C.
full_name: Placke-Yan, C.
last_name: Placke-Yan
- first_name: A.
full_name: Yasar, A.
last_name: Yasar
- first_name: L.
full_name: Jacobse, L.
last_name: Jacobse
- first_name: S.
full_name: Lasagna, S.
last_name: Lasagna
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: S.
full_name: Schulz, S.
last_name: Schulz
- first_name: Julia
full_name: Linnemann, Julia
id: '116779'
last_name: Linnemann
orcid: 0000-0001-6883-5424
- first_name: A.
full_name: Bergmann, A.
last_name: Bergmann
- first_name: B.
full_name: Roldan Cuenya, B.
last_name: Roldan Cuenya
- first_name: G.
full_name: Bacher, G.
last_name: Bacher
citation:
ama: Kampermann L, Klein J, Wagner T, et al. Operando Analysis of the Pre-OER Activation
of Metal-Doped Co3O4 Nanoparticle Catalysts. ACS Catalysis.
2025;15(21):18391-18403. doi:10.1021/acscatal.5c03900
apa: Kampermann, L., Klein, J., Wagner, T., Kotova, A., Placke-Yan, C., Yasar, A.,
Jacobse, L., Lasagna, S., Leppin, C., Schulz, S., Linnemann, J., Bergmann, A.,
Roldan Cuenya, B., & Bacher, G. (2025). Operando Analysis of the Pre-OER Activation
of Metal-Doped Co3O4 Nanoparticle Catalysts. ACS Catalysis,
15(21), 18391–18403. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5c03900
bibtex: '@article{Kampermann_Klein_Wagner_Kotova_Placke-Yan_Yasar_Jacobse_Lasagna_Leppin_Schulz_et
al._2025, title={Operando Analysis of the Pre-OER Activation of Metal-Doped Co3O4
Nanoparticle Catalysts}, volume={15}, DOI={10.1021/acscatal.5c03900},
number={21}, journal={ACS Catalysis}, publisher={American Chemical Society (ACS)},
author={Kampermann, L. and Klein, J. and Wagner, T. and Kotova, A. and Placke-Yan,
C. and Yasar, A. and Jacobse, L. and Lasagna, S. and Leppin, Christian and Schulz,
S. and et al.}, year={2025}, pages={18391–18403} }'
chicago: 'Kampermann, L., J. Klein, T. Wagner, A. Kotova, C. Placke-Yan, A. Yasar,
L. Jacobse, et al. “Operando Analysis of the Pre-OER Activation of Metal-Doped
Co3O4 Nanoparticle Catalysts.” ACS Catalysis 15,
no. 21 (2025): 18391–403. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5c03900.'
ieee: 'L. Kampermann et al., “Operando Analysis of the Pre-OER Activation
of Metal-Doped Co3O4 Nanoparticle Catalysts,” ACS Catalysis,
vol. 15, no. 21, pp. 18391–18403, 2025, doi: 10.1021/acscatal.5c03900.'
mla: Kampermann, L., et al. “Operando Analysis of the Pre-OER Activation of Metal-Doped
Co3O4 Nanoparticle Catalysts.” ACS Catalysis, vol.
15, no. 21, American Chemical Society (ACS), 2025, pp. 18391–403, doi:10.1021/acscatal.5c03900.
short: L. Kampermann, J. Klein, T. Wagner, A. Kotova, C. Placke-Yan, A. Yasar, L.
Jacobse, S. Lasagna, C. Leppin, S. Schulz, J. Linnemann, A. Bergmann, B. Roldan
Cuenya, G. Bacher, ACS Catalysis 15 (2025) 18391–18403.
date_created: 2025-10-24T07:49:21Z
date_updated: 2025-12-07T17:15:53Z
department:
- _id: '985'
doi: 10.1021/acscatal.5c03900
intvolume: ' 15'
issue: '21'
keyword:
- electrocatalysis
- oxygen evolution reaction
- cobalt spinel
- operando characterization
- spectroelectrochemistry
language:
- iso: eng
page: 18391-18403
publication: ACS Catalysis
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2155-5435
- 2155-5435
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Operando Analysis of the Pre-OER Activation of Metal-Doped Co3O4
Nanoparticle Catalysts
type: journal_article
user_id: '116779'
volume: 15
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '45857'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The aim of the present study is to prove the construct validity of
the German versions of the Feeling Scale (FS) and the Felt Arousal Scale (FAS)
for a progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) exercise. A total of 228 sport science
students conducted the PMR exercise for 45 min and completed the FS, the FAS,
and the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) in a pre-test–post-test design. A significant
decrease in arousal (t(227) = 8.296, p < 0.001) and a significant increase
in pleasure (t(227) = 4.748, p < 0.001) were observed. For convergent validity,
the correlations between the FS and the subscale SAM-P for the valence dimension
(r = 0.67, p < 0.001) and between the FAS and the subscale SAM-A for the arousal
dimension (r = 0.31, p < 0.001) were significant. For discriminant validity,
the correlations between different constructs (FS and SAM-A, FAS and SAM-P) were
not significant, whereas the discriminant analysis between the FS and the FAS
revealed a negative significant correlation (r = −0.15, p < 0.001). Together,
the pattern of results confirms the use of the German versions of the FS and the
FAS to measure the affective response for a PMR exercise.
article_number: '523'
author:
- first_name: Kristin
full_name: Thorenz, Kristin
id: '34992'
last_name: Thorenz
- first_name: Andre
full_name: Berwinkel, Andre
last_name: Berwinkel
- first_name: Matthias
full_name: Weigelt, Matthias
id: '36388'
last_name: Weigelt
citation:
ama: Thorenz K, Berwinkel A, Weigelt M. A Validation Study for the German Versions
of the Feeling Scale and the Felt Arousal Scale for a Progressive Muscle Relaxation
Exercise. Behavioral Sciences. 2023;13(7). doi:10.3390/bs13070523
apa: Thorenz, K., Berwinkel, A., & Weigelt, M. (2023). A Validation Study for
the German Versions of the Feeling Scale and the Felt Arousal Scale for a Progressive
Muscle Relaxation Exercise. Behavioral Sciences, 13(7), Article
523. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13070523
bibtex: '@article{Thorenz_Berwinkel_Weigelt_2023, title={A Validation Study for
the German Versions of the Feeling Scale and the Felt Arousal Scale for a Progressive
Muscle Relaxation Exercise}, volume={13}, DOI={10.3390/bs13070523},
number={7523}, journal={Behavioral Sciences}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Thorenz,
Kristin and Berwinkel, Andre and Weigelt, Matthias}, year={2023} }'
chicago: Thorenz, Kristin, Andre Berwinkel, and Matthias Weigelt. “A Validation
Study for the German Versions of the Feeling Scale and the Felt Arousal Scale
for a Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercise.” Behavioral Sciences 13,
no. 7 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13070523.
ieee: 'K. Thorenz, A. Berwinkel, and M. Weigelt, “A Validation Study for the German
Versions of the Feeling Scale and the Felt Arousal Scale for a Progressive Muscle
Relaxation Exercise,” Behavioral Sciences, vol. 13, no. 7, Art. no. 523,
2023, doi: 10.3390/bs13070523.'
mla: Thorenz, Kristin, et al. “A Validation Study for the German Versions of the
Feeling Scale and the Felt Arousal Scale for a Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercise.”
Behavioral Sciences, vol. 13, no. 7, 523, MDPI AG, 2023, doi:10.3390/bs13070523.
short: K. Thorenz, A. Berwinkel, M. Weigelt, Behavioral Sciences 13 (2023).
date_created: 2023-07-04T11:13:16Z
date_updated: 2023-07-04T11:14:50Z
doi: 10.3390/bs13070523
intvolume: ' 13'
issue: '7'
keyword:
- Behavioral Neuroscience
- General Psychology
- Genetics
- Development
- Ecology
- Evolution
- Behavior and Systematics
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Behavioral Sciences
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2076-328X
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
status: public
title: A Validation Study for the German Versions of the Feeling Scale and the Felt
Arousal Scale for a Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercise
type: journal_article
user_id: '34992'
volume: 13
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '62810'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Cobalt iron containing layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and spinels are promising
catalysts for the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Towards development
of better performing catalysts, the precise tuning of mesostructural features
such as pore size is desirable, but often hard to achieve. Herein, a computer‐controlled
microemulsion‐assisted co‐precipitation (MACP) method at constant pH is established
and compared to conventional co‐precipitation. With MACP, the particle growth
is limited and through variation of the constant pH during synthesis the pore
size of the as‐prepared catalysts is controlled, generating materials for the
systematic investigation of confinement effects during OER. At a threshold pore
size, overpotential increased significantly. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
(EIS) indicated a change in OER mechanism, involving the oxygen release step.
It is assumed that in smaller pores the critical radius for gas bubble formation
is not met and therefore a smaller charge‐transfer resistance is observed for
medium frequencies.
article_number: e202202015
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Anna
full_name: Rabe, Anna
last_name: Rabe
- first_name: Maximilian
full_name: Jaugstetter, Maximilian
last_name: Jaugstetter
- first_name: Felix
full_name: Hiege, Felix
last_name: Hiege
- first_name: Nicolas
full_name: Cosanne, Nicolas
last_name: Cosanne
- first_name: Klaus Friedel
full_name: Ortega, Klaus Friedel
last_name: Ortega
- first_name: Julia
full_name: Linnemann, Julia
id: '116779'
last_name: Linnemann
orcid: 0000-0001-6883-5424
- first_name: Kristina
full_name: Tschulik, Kristina
last_name: Tschulik
- first_name: Malte
full_name: Behrens, Malte
last_name: Behrens
citation:
ama: Rabe A, Jaugstetter M, Hiege F, et al. Tailoring Pore Size and Catalytic Activity
in Cobalt Iron Layered Double Hydroxides and Spinels by Microemulsion‐Assisted
pH‐Controlled Co‐Precipitation. ChemSusChem. 2023;16(10). doi:10.1002/cssc.202202015
apa: Rabe, A., Jaugstetter, M., Hiege, F., Cosanne, N., Ortega, K. F., Linnemann,
J., Tschulik, K., & Behrens, M. (2023). Tailoring Pore Size and Catalytic
Activity in Cobalt Iron Layered Double Hydroxides and Spinels by Microemulsion‐Assisted
pH‐Controlled Co‐Precipitation. ChemSusChem, 16(10), Article e202202015.
https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202202015
bibtex: '@article{Rabe_Jaugstetter_Hiege_Cosanne_Ortega_Linnemann_Tschulik_Behrens_2023,
title={Tailoring Pore Size and Catalytic Activity in Cobalt Iron Layered Double
Hydroxides and Spinels by Microemulsion‐Assisted pH‐Controlled Co‐Precipitation},
volume={16}, DOI={10.1002/cssc.202202015},
number={10e202202015}, journal={ChemSusChem}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Rabe,
Anna and Jaugstetter, Maximilian and Hiege, Felix and Cosanne, Nicolas and Ortega,
Klaus Friedel and Linnemann, Julia and Tschulik, Kristina and Behrens, Malte},
year={2023} }'
chicago: Rabe, Anna, Maximilian Jaugstetter, Felix Hiege, Nicolas Cosanne, Klaus
Friedel Ortega, Julia Linnemann, Kristina Tschulik, and Malte Behrens. “Tailoring
Pore Size and Catalytic Activity in Cobalt Iron Layered Double Hydroxides and
Spinels by Microemulsion‐Assisted PH‐Controlled Co‐Precipitation.” ChemSusChem
16, no. 10 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202202015.
ieee: 'A. Rabe et al., “Tailoring Pore Size and Catalytic Activity in Cobalt
Iron Layered Double Hydroxides and Spinels by Microemulsion‐Assisted pH‐Controlled
Co‐Precipitation,” ChemSusChem, vol. 16, no. 10, Art. no. e202202015, 2023,
doi: 10.1002/cssc.202202015.'
mla: Rabe, Anna, et al. “Tailoring Pore Size and Catalytic Activity in Cobalt Iron
Layered Double Hydroxides and Spinels by Microemulsion‐Assisted PH‐Controlled
Co‐Precipitation.” ChemSusChem, vol. 16, no. 10, e202202015, Wiley, 2023,
doi:10.1002/cssc.202202015.
short: A. Rabe, M. Jaugstetter, F. Hiege, N. Cosanne, K.F. Ortega, J. Linnemann,
K. Tschulik, M. Behrens, ChemSusChem 16 (2023).
date_created: 2025-12-03T15:51:54Z
date_updated: 2025-12-03T16:28:26Z
department:
- _id: '985'
doi: 10.1002/cssc.202202015
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 16'
issue: '10'
keyword:
- electrocatalysis
- oxygen evolution reaction
- cobalt spinel
- cobalt hydroxide
- LDH
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
oa: '1'
publication: ChemSusChem
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1864-5631
- 1864-564X
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Tailoring Pore Size and Catalytic Activity in Cobalt Iron Layered Double Hydroxides
and Spinels by Microemulsion‐Assisted pH‐Controlled Co‐Precipitation
type: journal_article
user_id: '116779'
volume: 16
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '62801'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The three-dimensional (3D) distribution of individual atoms on the surface
of catalyst nanoparticles plays a vital role in their activity and stability.
Optimising the performance of electrocatalysts requires atomic-scale information,
but it is difficult to obtain. Here, we use atom probe tomography to elucidate
the 3D structure of 10 nm sized Co2FeO4 and CoFe2O4 nanoparticles during oxygen
evolution reaction (OER). We reveal nanoscale spinodal decomposition in pristine
Co2FeO4. The interfaces of Co-rich and Fe-rich nanodomains of Co2FeO4 become trapping
sites for hydroxyl groups, contributing to a higher OER activity compared to that
of CoFe2O4. However, the activity of Co2FeO4 drops considerably due to concurrent
irreversible transformation towards CoIVO2 and pronounced Fe dissolution. In contrast,
there is negligible elemental redistribution for CoFe2O4 after OER, except for
surface structural transformation towards (FeIII, CoIII)2O3. Overall, our study
provides a unique 3D compositional distribution of mixed Co-Fe spinel oxides,
which gives atomic-scale insights into active sites and the deactivation of electrocatalysts
during OER.
article_number: '179'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Weikai
full_name: Xiang, Weikai
last_name: Xiang
- first_name: Nating
full_name: Yang, Nating
last_name: Yang
- first_name: Xiaopeng
full_name: Li, Xiaopeng
last_name: Li
- first_name: Julia
full_name: Linnemann, Julia
id: '116779'
last_name: Linnemann
orcid: 0000-0001-6883-5424
- first_name: Ulrich
full_name: Hagemann, Ulrich
last_name: Hagemann
- first_name: Olaf
full_name: Ruediger, Olaf
last_name: Ruediger
- first_name: Markus
full_name: Heidelmann, Markus
last_name: Heidelmann
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Falk, Tobias
last_name: Falk
- first_name: Matteo
full_name: Aramini, Matteo
last_name: Aramini
- first_name: Serena
full_name: DeBeer, Serena
last_name: DeBeer
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Muhler, Martin
last_name: Muhler
- first_name: Kristina
full_name: Tschulik, Kristina
last_name: Tschulik
- first_name: Tong
full_name: Li, Tong
last_name: Li
citation:
ama: Xiang W, Yang N, Li X, et al. 3D atomic-scale imaging of mixed Co-Fe spinel
oxide nanoparticles during oxygen evolution reaction. Nature Communications.
2022;13(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-021-27788-2
apa: Xiang, W., Yang, N., Li, X., Linnemann, J., Hagemann, U., Ruediger, O., Heidelmann,
M., Falk, T., Aramini, M., DeBeer, S., Muhler, M., Tschulik, K., & Li, T.
(2022). 3D atomic-scale imaging of mixed Co-Fe spinel oxide nanoparticles during
oxygen evolution reaction. Nature Communications, 13(1), Article
179. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27788-2
bibtex: '@article{Xiang_Yang_Li_Linnemann_Hagemann_Ruediger_Heidelmann_Falk_Aramini_DeBeer_et
al._2022, title={3D atomic-scale imaging of mixed Co-Fe spinel oxide nanoparticles
during oxygen evolution reaction}, volume={13}, DOI={10.1038/s41467-021-27788-2},
number={1179}, journal={Nature Communications}, publisher={Springer Science and
Business Media LLC}, author={Xiang, Weikai and Yang, Nating and Li, Xiaopeng and
Linnemann, Julia and Hagemann, Ulrich and Ruediger, Olaf and Heidelmann, Markus
and Falk, Tobias and Aramini, Matteo and DeBeer, Serena and et al.}, year={2022}
}'
chicago: Xiang, Weikai, Nating Yang, Xiaopeng Li, Julia Linnemann, Ulrich Hagemann,
Olaf Ruediger, Markus Heidelmann, et al. “3D Atomic-Scale Imaging of Mixed Co-Fe
Spinel Oxide Nanoparticles during Oxygen Evolution Reaction.” Nature Communications
13, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27788-2.
ieee: 'W. Xiang et al., “3D atomic-scale imaging of mixed Co-Fe spinel oxide
nanoparticles during oxygen evolution reaction,” Nature Communications,
vol. 13, no. 1, Art. no. 179, 2022, doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-27788-2.'
mla: Xiang, Weikai, et al. “3D Atomic-Scale Imaging of Mixed Co-Fe Spinel Oxide
Nanoparticles during Oxygen Evolution Reaction.” Nature Communications,
vol. 13, no. 1, 179, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2022, doi:10.1038/s41467-021-27788-2.
short: W. Xiang, N. Yang, X. Li, J. Linnemann, U. Hagemann, O. Ruediger, M. Heidelmann,
T. Falk, M. Aramini, S. DeBeer, M. Muhler, K. Tschulik, T. Li, Nature Communications
13 (2022).
date_created: 2025-12-03T15:22:16Z
date_updated: 2025-12-03T16:30:12Z
department:
- _id: '985'
doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-27788-2
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 13'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- electrocatalysis
- oxygen evolution reaction
- cobalt spinel
- electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-27788-2
oa: '1'
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2041-1723
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 3D atomic-scale imaging of mixed Co-Fe spinel oxide nanoparticles during oxygen
evolution reaction
type: journal_article
user_id: '116779'
volume: 13
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '22220'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Abstract Developing resource-abundant and sustainable metal-free bifunctional
oxygen electrocatalysts is essential for the practical application of zinc–air
batteries (ZABs). 2D black phosphorus (BP) with fully exposed atoms and active
lone pair electrons can be promising for oxygen electrocatalysts, which, however,
suffers from low catalytic activity and poor electrochemical stability. Herein,
guided by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, an efficient metal-free
electrocatalyst is demonstrated via covalently bonding BP nanosheets with graphitic
carbon nitride (denoted BP-CN-c). The polarized PN covalent bonds in BP-CN-c
can efficiently regulate the electron transfer from BP to graphitic carbon nitride
and significantly promote the OOH* adsorption on phosphorus atoms. Impressively,
the oxygen evolution reaction performance of BP-CN-c (overpotential of 350 mV
at 10 mA cm−2, 90\% retention after 10 h operation) represents the state-of-the-art
among the reported BP-based metal-free catalysts. Additionally, BP-CN-c exhibits
a small half-wave overpotential of 390 mV for oxygen reduction reaction, representing
the first bifunctional BP-based metal-free oxygen catalyst. Moreover, ZABs are
assembled incorporating BP-CN-c cathodes, delivering a substantially higher peak
power density (168.3 mW cm−2) than the Pt/C+RuO2-based ZABs (101.3 mW cm−2). The
acquired insights into interfacial covalent bonds pave the way for the rational
design of new and affordable metal-free catalysts.
author:
- first_name: Xia
full_name: Wang, Xia
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Ramya
full_name: Kormath Madam Raghupathy, Ramya
id: '71692'
last_name: Kormath Madam Raghupathy
orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4667-9744
- first_name: Christine Joy
full_name: Querebillo, Christine Joy
last_name: Querebillo
- first_name: Zhongquan
full_name: Liao, Zhongquan
last_name: Liao
- first_name: Dongqi
full_name: Li, Dongqi
last_name: Li
- first_name: Kui
full_name: Lin, Kui
last_name: Lin
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Hantusch, Martin
last_name: Hantusch
- first_name: Zdeněk
full_name: Sofer, Zdeněk
last_name: Sofer
- first_name: Baohua
full_name: Li, Baohua
last_name: Li
- first_name: Ehrenfried
full_name: Zschech, Ehrenfried
last_name: Zschech
- first_name: Inez M.
full_name: Weidinger, Inez M.
last_name: Weidinger
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Kühne, Thomas
id: '49079'
last_name: Kühne
- first_name: Hossein
full_name: Mirhosseini, Hossein
id: '71051'
last_name: Mirhosseini
orcid: 0000-0001-6179-1545
- first_name: Minghao
full_name: Yu, Minghao
last_name: Yu
- first_name: Xinliang
full_name: Feng, Xinliang
last_name: Feng
citation:
ama: Wang X, Kormath Madam Raghupathy R, Querebillo CJ, et al. Interfacial Covalent
Bonds Regulated Electron-Deficient 2D Black Phosphorus for Electrocatalytic Oxygen
Reactions. Advanced Materials. 2021;33(20):2008752. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202008752
apa: Wang, X., Kormath Madam Raghupathy, R., Querebillo, C. J., Liao, Z., Li, D.,
Lin, K., Hantusch, M., Sofer, Z., Li, B., Zschech, E., Weidinger, I. M., Kühne,
T., Mirhosseini, H., Yu, M., & Feng, X. (2021). Interfacial Covalent Bonds
Regulated Electron-Deficient 2D Black Phosphorus for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reactions.
Advanced Materials, 33(20), 2008752. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202008752
bibtex: '@article{Wang_Kormath Madam Raghupathy_Querebillo_Liao_Li_Lin_Hantusch_Sofer_Li_Zschech_et
al._2021, title={Interfacial Covalent Bonds Regulated Electron-Deficient 2D Black
Phosphorus for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reactions}, volume={33}, DOI={https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202008752},
number={20}, journal={Advanced Materials}, author={Wang, Xia and Kormath Madam
Raghupathy, Ramya and Querebillo, Christine Joy and Liao, Zhongquan and Li, Dongqi
and Lin, Kui and Hantusch, Martin and Sofer, Zdeněk and Li, Baohua and Zschech,
Ehrenfried and et al.}, year={2021}, pages={2008752} }'
chicago: 'Wang, Xia, Ramya Kormath Madam Raghupathy, Christine Joy Querebillo, Zhongquan
Liao, Dongqi Li, Kui Lin, Martin Hantusch, et al. “Interfacial Covalent Bonds
Regulated Electron-Deficient 2D Black Phosphorus for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reactions.”
Advanced Materials 33, no. 20 (2021): 2008752. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202008752.'
ieee: 'X. Wang et al., “Interfacial Covalent Bonds Regulated Electron-Deficient
2D Black Phosphorus for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reactions,” Advanced Materials,
vol. 33, no. 20, p. 2008752, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202008752.'
mla: Wang, Xia, et al. “Interfacial Covalent Bonds Regulated Electron-Deficient
2D Black Phosphorus for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reactions.” Advanced Materials,
vol. 33, no. 20, 2021, p. 2008752, doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202008752.
short: X. Wang, R. Kormath Madam Raghupathy, C.J. Querebillo, Z. Liao, D. Li, K.
Lin, M. Hantusch, Z. Sofer, B. Li, E. Zschech, I.M. Weidinger, T. Kühne, H. Mirhosseini,
M. Yu, X. Feng, Advanced Materials 33 (2021) 2008752.
date_created: 2021-05-21T12:38:41Z
date_updated: 2022-07-21T09:25:33Z
department:
- _id: '304'
doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202008752
intvolume: ' 33'
issue: '20'
keyword:
- 2D materials
- bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts
- black phosphorus
- oxygen evolution reaction
- zinc–air batteries
language:
- iso: eng
page: '2008752'
project:
- _id: '52'
name: Computing Resources Provided by the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing
publication: Advanced Materials
status: public
title: Interfacial Covalent Bonds Regulated Electron-Deficient 2D Black Phosphorus
for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reactions
type: journal_article
user_id: '71051'
volume: 33
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '62805'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Single-entity electrochemistry allows for assessing electrocatalytic activities
of individual material entities such as nanoparticles (NPs). Thus, it becomes
possible to consider intrinsic electrochemical properties of nanocatalysts when
researching how activity relates to physical and structural material properties.
Conversely, conventional electrochemical techniques provide a normalized sum current
referring to a huge ensemble of NPs constituting, along with additives (e.g.,
binders), a complete catalyst-coated electrode. Accordingly, recording electrocatalytic
responses of single NPs avoids interferences of ensemble effects and reduces the
complexity of electrocatalytic processes, thus enabling detailed description and
modelling. Herein, we present insights into the oxygen evolution catalysis at
individual cubic Co3O4 NPs impacting microelectrodes of different support materials.
Simulating diffusion at supported nanocubes, measured step current signals can
be analyzed, providing edge lengths, corresponding size distributions, and interference-free
turnover frequencies. The provided nano-impact investigation of (electro-)catalyst-support
effects contradicts assumptions on a low number of highly active sites.
article_number: '13137'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Zhibin
full_name: Liu, Zhibin
last_name: Liu
- first_name: Manuel
full_name: Corva, Manuel
last_name: Corva
- first_name: Hatem M. A.
full_name: Amin, Hatem M. A.
last_name: Amin
- first_name: Niclas
full_name: Blanc, Niclas
last_name: Blanc
- first_name: Julia
full_name: Linnemann, Julia
id: '116779'
last_name: Linnemann
orcid: 0000-0001-6883-5424
- first_name: Kristina
full_name: Tschulik, Kristina
last_name: Tschulik
citation:
ama: 'Liu Z, Corva M, Amin HMA, Blanc N, Linnemann J, Tschulik K. Single Co3O4
Nanocubes Electrocatalyzing the Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Nano-Impact Insights
into Intrinsic Activity and Support Effects. International Journal of Molecular
Sciences. 2021;22(23). doi:10.3390/ijms222313137'
apa: 'Liu, Z., Corva, M., Amin, H. M. A., Blanc, N., Linnemann, J., & Tschulik,
K. (2021). Single Co3O4 Nanocubes Electrocatalyzing the
Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Nano-Impact Insights into Intrinsic Activity and Support
Effects. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(23), Article
13137. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222313137'
bibtex: '@article{Liu_Corva_Amin_Blanc_Linnemann_Tschulik_2021, title={Single Co3O4
Nanocubes Electrocatalyzing the Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Nano-Impact Insights
into Intrinsic Activity and Support Effects}, volume={22}, DOI={10.3390/ijms222313137},
number={2313137}, journal={International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, publisher={MDPI
AG}, author={Liu, Zhibin and Corva, Manuel and Amin, Hatem M. A. and Blanc, Niclas
and Linnemann, Julia and Tschulik, Kristina}, year={2021} }'
chicago: 'Liu, Zhibin, Manuel Corva, Hatem M. A. Amin, Niclas Blanc, Julia Linnemann,
and Kristina Tschulik. “Single Co3O4 Nanocubes Electrocatalyzing
the Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Nano-Impact Insights into Intrinsic Activity and
Support Effects.” International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 23
(2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222313137.'
ieee: 'Z. Liu, M. Corva, H. M. A. Amin, N. Blanc, J. Linnemann, and K. Tschulik,
“Single Co3O4 Nanocubes Electrocatalyzing the Oxygen Evolution
Reaction: Nano-Impact Insights into Intrinsic Activity and Support Effects,” International
Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 22, no. 23, Art. no. 13137, 2021, doi:
10.3390/ijms222313137.'
mla: 'Liu, Zhibin, et al. “Single Co3O4 Nanocubes Electrocatalyzing
the Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Nano-Impact Insights into Intrinsic Activity and
Support Effects.” International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 22,
no. 23, 13137, MDPI AG, 2021, doi:10.3390/ijms222313137.'
short: Z. Liu, M. Corva, H.M.A. Amin, N. Blanc, J. Linnemann, K. Tschulik, International
Journal of Molecular Sciences 22 (2021).
date_created: 2025-12-03T15:35:52Z
date_updated: 2025-12-03T16:52:35Z
department:
- _id: '985'
doi: 10.3390/ijms222313137
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 22'
issue: '23'
keyword:
- electrocatalysis
- oxygen evolution reaction
- cobalt spinel
- single-entity electrochemistry
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
oa: '1'
publication: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1422-0067
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Single Co3O4 Nanocubes Electrocatalyzing the Oxygen
Evolution Reaction: Nano-Impact Insights into Intrinsic Activity and Support Effects'
type: journal_article
user_id: '116779'
volume: 22
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '34829'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Maximilian
full_name: Hanusch, Maximilian
id: '30905'
last_name: Hanusch
citation:
ama: Hanusch M. Differentiability of the evolution map and Mackey continuity. Forum
Mathematicum. 2019;31(5):1139-1177. doi:10.1515/forum-2018-0310
apa: Hanusch, M. (2019). Differentiability of the evolution map and Mackey continuity.
Forum Mathematicum, 31(5), 1139–1177. https://doi.org/10.1515/forum-2018-0310
bibtex: '@article{Hanusch_2019, title={Differentiability of the evolution map and
Mackey continuity}, volume={31}, DOI={10.1515/forum-2018-0310},
number={5}, journal={Forum Mathematicum}, publisher={Walter de Gruyter GmbH},
author={Hanusch, Maximilian}, year={2019}, pages={1139–1177} }'
chicago: 'Hanusch, Maximilian. “Differentiability of the Evolution Map and Mackey
Continuity.” Forum Mathematicum 31, no. 5 (2019): 1139–77. https://doi.org/10.1515/forum-2018-0310.'
ieee: 'M. Hanusch, “Differentiability of the evolution map and Mackey continuity,”
Forum Mathematicum, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 1139–1177, 2019, doi: 10.1515/forum-2018-0310.'
mla: Hanusch, Maximilian. “Differentiability of the Evolution Map and Mackey Continuity.”
Forum Mathematicum, vol. 31, no. 5, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2019, pp. 1139–77,
doi:10.1515/forum-2018-0310.
short: M. Hanusch, Forum Mathematicum 31 (2019) 1139–1177.
date_created: 2022-12-22T09:38:08Z
date_updated: 2023-01-09T18:07:13Z
department:
- _id: '93'
doi: 10.1515/forum-2018-0310
intvolume: ' 31'
issue: '5'
keyword:
- regularity of Lie groups
- differentiability of the evolution map
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1139-1177
project:
- _id: '161'
name: 'RegLie: Regularität von Lie-Gruppen und Lie''s Dritter Satz (RegLie)'
publication: Forum Mathematicum
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1435-5337
- 0933-7741
publication_status: published
publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
status: public
title: Differentiability of the evolution map and Mackey continuity
type: journal_article
user_id: '30905'
volume: 31
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '58528'
author:
- first_name: 'Gunther '
full_name: 'Jansen, Gunther '
last_name: Jansen
- first_name: Lena Luise
full_name: Crummenerl, Lena Luise
id: '87916'
last_name: Crummenerl
- first_name: Felix
full_name: Gilbert, Felix
last_name: Gilbert
- first_name: Timm
full_name: Mohr, Timm
last_name: Mohr
- first_name: 'Roxana '
full_name: 'Pfefferkorn, Roxana '
last_name: Pfefferkorn
- first_name: Robert
full_name: Thänert, Robert
last_name: Thänert
- first_name: Philip
full_name: Rosenstiel, Philip
last_name: Rosenstiel
- first_name: Hinrich
full_name: Schulenburg, Hinrich
last_name: Schulenburg
citation:
ama: 'Jansen G, Crummenerl LL, Gilbert F, et al. Evolutionary Transition from Pathogenicity
to Commensalism: Global Regulator Mutations Mediate Fitness Gains through Virulence
Attenuation. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 2015;32(11):2883-2896. doi:10.1093/molbev/msv160'
apa: 'Jansen, G., Crummenerl, L. L., Gilbert, F., Mohr, T., Pfefferkorn, R., Thänert,
R., Rosenstiel, P., & Schulenburg, H. (2015). Evolutionary Transition from
Pathogenicity to Commensalism: Global Regulator Mutations Mediate Fitness Gains
through Virulence Attenuation. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 32(11),
2883–2896. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msv160'
bibtex: '@article{Jansen_Crummenerl_Gilbert_Mohr_Pfefferkorn_Thänert_Rosenstiel_Schulenburg_2015,
title={Evolutionary Transition from Pathogenicity to Commensalism: Global Regulator
Mutations Mediate Fitness Gains through Virulence Attenuation}, volume={32}, DOI={10.1093/molbev/msv160}, number={11},
journal={Molecular Biology and Evolution}, author={Jansen, Gunther and Crummenerl,
Lena Luise and Gilbert, Felix and Mohr, Timm and Pfefferkorn, Roxana and Thänert,
Robert and Rosenstiel, Philip and Schulenburg, Hinrich}, year={2015}, pages={2883–2896}
}'
chicago: 'Jansen, Gunther , Lena Luise Crummenerl, Felix Gilbert, Timm Mohr, Roxana Pfefferkorn,
Robert Thänert, Philip Rosenstiel, and Hinrich Schulenburg. “Evolutionary Transition
from Pathogenicity to Commensalism: Global Regulator Mutations Mediate Fitness
Gains through Virulence Attenuation.” Molecular Biology and Evolution 32,
no. 11 (2015): 2883–96. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msv160.'
ieee: 'G. Jansen et al., “Evolutionary Transition from Pathogenicity to Commensalism:
Global Regulator Mutations Mediate Fitness Gains through Virulence Attenuation,”
Molecular Biology and Evolution, vol. 32, no. 11, pp. 2883–2896, 2015,
doi: 10.1093/molbev/msv160.'
mla: 'Jansen, Gunther, et al. “Evolutionary Transition from Pathogenicity to Commensalism:
Global Regulator Mutations Mediate Fitness Gains through Virulence Attenuation.”
Molecular Biology and Evolution, vol. 32, no. 11, 2015, pp. 2883–96, doi:10.1093/molbev/msv160.'
short: G. Jansen, L.L. Crummenerl, F. Gilbert, T. Mohr, R. Pfefferkorn, R. Thänert,
P. Rosenstiel, H. Schulenburg, Molecular Biology and Evolution 32 (2015) 2883–2896.
date_created: 2025-02-06T12:04:14Z
date_updated: 2025-10-07T08:17:04Z
ddc:
- '570'
doi: 10.1093/molbev/msv160
extern: '1'
file:
- access_level: open_access
content_type: application/pdf
creator: lenalc
date_created: 2025-02-06T12:04:01Z
date_updated: 2025-02-06T12:04:01Z
file_id: '58529'
file_name: 2015 - Evolutionary Transition from Pathogenicity to Commensalism - Global
Regulator Mutations Mediate Fitness Gains through Virulence Attenuation.pdf
file_size: 889930
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2025-02-06T12:04:01Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 32'
issue: '11'
keyword:
- symbiosis
- experimental evolution
- Pseudomonas
- immunocompromised
- evolutionary transition
- commensalism
- global regulator
- lasR
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
page: 2883-2896
publication: Molecular Biology and Evolution
status: public
title: 'Evolutionary Transition from Pathogenicity to Commensalism: Global Regulator
Mutations Mediate Fitness Gains through Virulence Attenuation'
type: journal_article
user_id: '87916'
volume: 32
year: '2015'
...
---
_id: '9870'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Nowadays wire bonding is a widely-used technology for interconnecting chips
in the packaging industry. Thereby, it is known that the bond quality massively
depends upon the microstructure prevailing in the bond and consequently the materials
used as well as the bonding parameters. However the actually used materials such
as aluminum and gold are either characterized by comparibly poor conductivity
or high costs, respectively. Due to its outstanding properties copper is a more
attractive candidate. Still, a thorough investigation on the interrelationship
between the material combinations, the processing parameters and the resulting
microstructure for copper and aluminum wire bonding was not carried out yet. Depending
on the aforementioned factors the microstructural evolution can be completely
different during the bonding process. Therefore, this study focuses on the microstructural
evolution of heavy copper and heavy aluminum wires bonded on copper substrates.
The evolution of the wire microstructure as well as the wire-substrate-interface
was investigated by scanning electron microscope in combination with electron
backscatter diffraction and microhardness measurements. Various samples were extracted
at different points of the bonding process, namely the as-received condition,
after touchdown and after completed bonding. The results of the aluminum and copper
wires were compared to each other in both longitudinal and transversal direction.
It was found, that the two wire materials were completely different in the as-received
condition regarding the grain size, the grain morphology, the texture and the
microhardness. After touchdown the microstructure did not show significant changes
in both materials, yet a strain-hardening was observed in the copper wire resulting
from the touchdown force. When the bonding process was completed a different microstructure
could be observed in both the wire as well as the layer for the materials investigated.
Furthermore, a destinctive increase in the wire hardness could be found in case
of copper, which was not observed for the aluminum wire. The ramifications between
the two wire materials presented in this work will be discussed with the objective
of optimizing the quality of the bonds.
author:
- first_name: Florian
full_name: Eacock , Florian
last_name: 'Eacock '
- first_name: Mirko
full_name: Schaper, Mirko
last_name: Schaper
- first_name: Simon
full_name: Althoff, Simon
last_name: Althoff
- first_name: Andreas
full_name: Unger, Andreas
last_name: Unger
- first_name: Paul
full_name: Eichwald, Paul
last_name: Eichwald
- first_name: Florian
full_name: Hengsbach, Florian
last_name: Hengsbach
- first_name: Carolin
full_name: Zinn, Carolin
last_name: Zinn
- first_name: ' Martin Joachim'
full_name: Holzweissig, Martin Joachim
last_name: Holzweissig
- first_name: Karsten
full_name: Guth, Karsten
last_name: Guth
citation:
ama: 'Eacock F, Schaper M, Althoff S, et al. Microstructural investigations of
aluminum and copper wire bonds. In: Proceedings of the 47th International Symposium
on Microelectronics. ; 2014. doi:10.4071/isom-THP32'
apa: Eacock , F., Schaper, M., Althoff, S., Unger, A., Eichwald, P., Hengsbach,
F., … Guth, K. (2014). Microstructural investigations of aluminum and copper wire
bonds. In Proceedings of the 47th International Symposium on Microelectronics.
https://doi.org/10.4071/isom-THP32
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Eacock _Schaper_Althoff_Unger_Eichwald_Hengsbach_Zinn_Holzweissig_Guth_2014,
title={Microstructural investigations of aluminum and copper wire bonds}, DOI={10.4071/isom-THP32}, booktitle={Proceedings
of the 47th International Symposium on Microelectronics}, author={Eacock , Florian
and Schaper, Mirko and Althoff, Simon and Unger, Andreas and Eichwald, Paul and
Hengsbach, Florian and Zinn, Carolin and Holzweissig, Martin Joachim and Guth,
Karsten}, year={2014} }'
chicago: Eacock , Florian, Mirko Schaper, Simon Althoff, Andreas Unger, Paul Eichwald,
Florian Hengsbach, Carolin Zinn, Martin Joachim Holzweissig, and Karsten Guth.
“Microstructural Investigations of Aluminum and Copper Wire Bonds.” In Proceedings
of the 47th International Symposium on Microelectronics, 2014. https://doi.org/10.4071/isom-THP32.
ieee: F. Eacock et al., “Microstructural investigations of aluminum and
copper wire bonds,” in Proceedings of the 47th International Symposium on Microelectronics,
2014.
mla: Eacock , Florian, et al. “Microstructural Investigations of Aluminum and Copper
Wire Bonds.” Proceedings of the 47th International Symposium on Microelectronics,
2014, doi:10.4071/isom-THP32.
short: 'F. Eacock , M. Schaper, S. Althoff, A. Unger, P. Eichwald, F. Hengsbach,
C. Zinn, Martin Joachim Holzweissig, K. Guth, in: Proceedings of the 47th International
Symposium on Microelectronics, 2014.'
date_created: 2019-05-20T12:14:11Z
date_updated: 2019-09-16T10:58:50Z
department:
- _id: '151'
doi: 10.4071/isom-THP32
keyword:
- Bonding
- Copper
- Microstructure evolution
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Proceedings of the 47th International Symposium on Microelectronics
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Microstructural investigations of aluminum and copper wire bonds
type: conference
user_id: '55222'
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '6508'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'In this paper, we present a framework that supports experimenting with evolutionary
hardware design. We describe the framework''s modules for composing evolutionary
optimizers and for setting up, controlling, and analyzing experiments. Two case
studies demonstrate the usefulness of the framework: evolution of hash functions
and evolution based on pre-engineered circuits.'
author:
- first_name: Paul
full_name: Kaufmann, Paul
last_name: Kaufmann
- first_name: Marco
full_name: Platzner, Marco
id: '398'
last_name: Platzner
citation:
ama: 'Kaufmann P, Platzner M. MOVES: A Modular Framework for Hardware Evolution.
In: Second NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems (AHS 2007).
IEEE; 2007:447-454. doi:10.1109/ahs.2007.73'
apa: 'Kaufmann, P., & Platzner, M. (2007). MOVES: A Modular Framework for Hardware
Evolution. In Second NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems (AHS
2007) (pp. 447–454). Edinburgh, UK: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ahs.2007.73'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Kaufmann_Platzner_2007, title={MOVES: A Modular Framework
for Hardware Evolution}, DOI={10.1109/ahs.2007.73},
booktitle={Second NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems (AHS 2007)},
publisher={IEEE}, author={Kaufmann, Paul and Platzner, Marco}, year={2007}, pages={447–454}
}'
chicago: 'Kaufmann, Paul, and Marco Platzner. “MOVES: A Modular Framework for Hardware
Evolution.” In Second NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems
(AHS 2007), 447–54. IEEE, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1109/ahs.2007.73.'
ieee: 'P. Kaufmann and M. Platzner, “MOVES: A Modular Framework for Hardware Evolution,”
in Second NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems (AHS 2007),
Edinburgh, UK, 2007, pp. 447–454.'
mla: 'Kaufmann, Paul, and Marco Platzner. “MOVES: A Modular Framework for Hardware
Evolution.” Second NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems (AHS
2007), IEEE, 2007, pp. 447–54, doi:10.1109/ahs.2007.73.'
short: 'P. Kaufmann, M. Platzner, in: Second NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware
and Systems (AHS 2007), IEEE, 2007, pp. 447–454.'
conference:
end_date: 2007-08-08
location: Edinburgh, UK
name: Second NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems (AHS 2007)
start_date: 2007-08-05
date_created: 2019-01-08T09:52:43Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:03:08Z
department:
- _id: '78'
doi: 10.1109/ahs.2007.73
keyword:
- integrated circuit design
- hardware evolution
- evolutionary hardware design
- evolutionary optimizers
- hash functions
- preengineered circuits
- Hardware
- Circuits
- Design optimization
- Visualization
- Genetic programming
- Genetic mutations
- Clustering algorithms
- Biological cells
- Field programmable gate arrays
- Routing
language:
- iso: eng
page: 447-454
publication: Second NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems (AHS 2007)
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 076952866X
- '9780769528663'
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: 'MOVES: A Modular Framework for Hardware Evolution'
type: conference
user_id: '3118'
year: '2007'
...