---
_id: '46862'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The high flammability of components manufactured by laser sintering (LS) using
    standard polyamide 12 (PA12) powder still severely restricts their use in industries
    such as electronics, aviation, and transportation. A key factor for the further
    establishment of LS is the expansion of the material portfolio with, for example,
    refreshable and halogen-free flame-retardant (FR) powder materials. Accordingly,
    various halogen-free FRs are investigated in this work and evaluated with respect
    to their use in LS. First, their decomposition behavior and mode of action are
    examined. Subsequently, the additives are dry blended with PA12 to investigate
    properties relevant for LS, such as particle morphology, thermal behavior and
    melt viscosity. Afterwards, test specimens for UL94 vertical flame-retardancy
    tests are produced by processing the dry blends on an EOS P3 LS system. Finally,
    the process stability of the process-aged powder blends is investigated by again
    examining the thermal behavior and melt viscosity.
author:
- first_name: Fabian
  full_name: Neitzel, Fabian
  id: '72307'
  last_name: Neitzel
  orcid: '0009-0004-8412-3645 '
- first_name: Ivo
  full_name: Kletetzka, Ivo
  id: '50769'
  last_name: Kletetzka
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
  orcid: 000-0001-8590-1921
citation:
  ama: 'Neitzel F, Kletetzka I, Schmid H-J. Halogen-Free Flame Retardant Powder Materials
    for Laser Sintering: Evaluation and Process Stability Analysis. In: Beaman J,
    ed. <i>Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication
    Symposium</i>. ; 2023. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926</a>'
  apa: 'Neitzel, F., Kletetzka, I., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2023). Halogen-Free Flame
    Retardant Powder Materials for Laser Sintering: Evaluation and Process Stability
    Analysis. In J. Beaman (Ed.), <i>Proceedings of the 34th Annual International
    Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Neitzel_Kletetzka_Schmid_2023, place={Laboratory for Freeform
    Fabrication and University of Texas, Austin}, title={Halogen-Free Flame Retardant
    Powder Materials for Laser Sintering: Evaluation and Process Stability Analysis},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926</a>},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication
    Symposium}, author={Neitzel, Fabian and Kletetzka, Ivo and Schmid, Hans-Joachim},
    editor={Beaman, Joseph}, year={2023} }'
  chicago: 'Neitzel, Fabian, Ivo Kletetzka, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Halogen-Free
    Flame Retardant Powder Materials for Laser Sintering: Evaluation and Process Stability
    Analysis.” In <i>Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication
    Symposium</i>, edited by Joseph Beaman. Laboratory for Freeform Fabrication and
    University of Texas, Austin, 2023. <a href="https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926</a>.'
  ieee: 'F. Neitzel, I. Kletetzka, and H.-J. Schmid, “Halogen-Free Flame Retardant
    Powder Materials for Laser Sintering: Evaluation and Process Stability Analysis,”
    in <i>Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication
    Symposium</i>, Austin, 2023, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926</a>.'
  mla: 'Neitzel, Fabian, et al. “Halogen-Free Flame Retardant Powder Materials for
    Laser Sintering: Evaluation and Process Stability Analysis.” <i>Proceedings of
    the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, edited
    by Joseph Beaman, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926</a>.'
  short: 'F. Neitzel, I. Kletetzka, H.-J. Schmid, in: J. Beaman (Ed.), Proceedings
    of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, Laboratory
    for Freeform Fabrication and University of Texas, Austin, 2023.'
conference:
  end_date: 2023-08-16
  location: Austin
  name: 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium
  start_date: 2023-08-14
date_created: 2023-09-07T12:11:51Z
date_updated: 2024-04-02T12:43:51Z
department:
- _id: '150'
- _id: '219'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '9'
doi: https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926
editor:
- first_name: Joseph
  full_name: Beaman, Joseph
  last_name: Beaman
keyword:
- Additive Manufacturing
- Laser Sintering
- Flame Retardant
- Polyamide 12
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.sffsymposium.org/
oa: '1'
place: Laboratory for Freeform Fabrication and University of Texas, Austin
publication: Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication
  Symposium
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Halogen-Free Flame Retardant Powder Materials for Laser Sintering: Evaluation
  and Process Stability Analysis'
type: conference
user_id: '72307'
year: '2023'
...