---
_id: '46500'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The security of Industrial Control Systems is relevant both for reliable production
system operations and for high-quality throughput in terms of manufactured products.
Security measures are designed, operated and maintained by different roles along
product and production system lifecycles. Defense-in-Depth as a paradigm builds
upon the assumption that breaches are unavoidable. The paper at hand provides
an analysis of roles, corresponding Human Factors and their relevance for data
theft and sabotage attacks. The resulting taxonomy is reflected by an example
related to Additive Manufacturing. The results assist in both designing and redesigning
Industrial Control System as part of an entire production system so that Defense-in-Depth
with regard to Human Factors is built in by design.
author:
- first_name: Jens
full_name: Pottebaum, Jens
id: '405'
last_name: Pottebaum
orcid: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8778-2989
- first_name: Jost
full_name: Rossel, Jost
id: '58331'
last_name: Rossel
orcid: 0000-0002-3182-4059
- first_name: Juraj
full_name: Somorovsky, Juraj
id: '83504'
last_name: Somorovsky
orcid: 0000-0002-3593-7720
- first_name: Yasemin
full_name: Acar, Yasemin
id: '94636'
last_name: Acar
- first_name: René
full_name: Fahr, René
id: '111'
last_name: Fahr
- first_name: Patricia
full_name: Arias Cabarcos, Patricia
id: '92804'
last_name: Arias Cabarcos
- first_name: Eric
full_name: Bodden, Eric
id: '59256'
last_name: Bodden
orcid: 0000-0003-3470-3647
- first_name: Iris
full_name: Gräßler, Iris
id: '47565'
last_name: Gräßler
orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
citation:
ama: 'Pottebaum J, Rossel J, Somorovsky J, et al. Re-Envisioning Industrial Control
Systems Security by Considering Human Factors as a Core Element of Defense-in-Depth.
In: 2023 IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy Workshops (EuroS&PW).
IEEE; 2023:379-385. doi:10.1109/eurospw59978.2023.00048'
apa: Pottebaum, J., Rossel, J., Somorovsky, J., Acar, Y., Fahr, R., Arias Cabarcos,
P., Bodden, E., & Gräßler, I. (2023). Re-Envisioning Industrial Control Systems
Security by Considering Human Factors as a Core Element of Defense-in-Depth. 2023
IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy Workshops (EuroS&PW),
379–385. https://doi.org/10.1109/eurospw59978.2023.00048
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Pottebaum_Rossel_Somorovsky_Acar_Fahr_Arias Cabarcos_Bodden_Gräßler_2023,
title={Re-Envisioning Industrial Control Systems Security by Considering Human
Factors as a Core Element of Defense-in-Depth}, DOI={10.1109/eurospw59978.2023.00048},
booktitle={2023 IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy Workshops (EuroS&PW)},
publisher={IEEE}, author={Pottebaum, Jens and Rossel, Jost and Somorovsky, Juraj
and Acar, Yasemin and Fahr, René and Arias Cabarcos, Patricia and Bodden, Eric
and Gräßler, Iris}, year={2023}, pages={379–385} }'
chicago: Pottebaum, Jens, Jost Rossel, Juraj Somorovsky, Yasemin Acar, René Fahr,
Patricia Arias Cabarcos, Eric Bodden, and Iris Gräßler. “Re-Envisioning Industrial
Control Systems Security by Considering Human Factors as a Core Element of Defense-in-Depth.”
In 2023 IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy Workshops (EuroS&PW),
379–85. IEEE, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1109/eurospw59978.2023.00048.
ieee: 'J. Pottebaum et al., “Re-Envisioning Industrial Control Systems Security
by Considering Human Factors as a Core Element of Defense-in-Depth,” in 2023
IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy Workshops (EuroS&PW),
Delft, Netherlands, 2023, pp. 379–385, doi: 10.1109/eurospw59978.2023.00048.'
mla: Pottebaum, Jens, et al. “Re-Envisioning Industrial Control Systems Security
by Considering Human Factors as a Core Element of Defense-in-Depth.” 2023 IEEE
European Symposium on Security and Privacy Workshops (EuroS&PW), IEEE,
2023, pp. 379–85, doi:10.1109/eurospw59978.2023.00048.
short: 'J. Pottebaum, J. Rossel, J. Somorovsky, Y. Acar, R. Fahr, P. Arias Cabarcos,
E. Bodden, I. Gräßler, in: 2023 IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy
Workshops (EuroS&PW), IEEE, 2023, pp. 379–385.'
conference:
end_date: 2023-07-07
location: Delft, Netherlands
name: 2023 IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy Workshops (EuroS&PW)
start_date: 2023-07-03
date_created: 2023-08-15T12:21:05Z
date_updated: 2025-07-16T11:06:47Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '34'
- _id: '152'
- _id: '76'
- _id: '632'
- _id: '858'
doi: 10.1109/eurospw59978.2023.00048
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: jrossel
date_created: 2024-09-05T13:00:09Z
date_updated: 2024-09-05T13:00:09Z
file_id: '56077'
file_name: Re_envisioning_Industrial_Control_Systems_security.pdf
file_size: 197727
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2024-09-05T13:00:09Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Defense-in-Depth
- Human Factors
- Production Engineering
- Product Design
- Systems Engineering
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10190647
page: 379-385
publication: 2023 IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy Workshops (EuroS&PW)
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Re-Envisioning Industrial Control Systems Security by Considering Human Factors
as a Core Element of Defense-in-Depth
type: conference
user_id: '58331'
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '32266'
author:
- first_name: Julia Amelie
full_name: Hoppe, Julia Amelie
last_name: Hoppe
- first_name: Helinä
full_name: Melkas, Helinä
last_name: Melkas
- first_name: Satu
full_name: Pekkarinen, Satu
last_name: Pekkarinen
- first_name: Outi
full_name: Tuisku, Outi
last_name: Tuisku
- first_name: Lea
full_name: Hennala, Lea
last_name: Hennala
- first_name: Rose-Marie
full_name: Johansson-Pajala, Rose-Marie
last_name: Johansson-Pajala
- first_name: Christine
full_name: Gustafsson, Christine
last_name: Gustafsson
- first_name: Kirsten
full_name: Thommes, Kirsten
last_name: Thommes
citation:
ama: Hoppe JA, Melkas H, Pekkarinen S, et al. Perception of Society’s Trust in Care
Robots by Public Opinion Leaders. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction.
Published online 2022:1-17. doi:10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283
apa: Hoppe, J. A., Melkas, H., Pekkarinen, S., Tuisku, O., Hennala, L., Johansson-Pajala,
R.-M., Gustafsson, C., & Thommes, K. (2022). Perception of Society’s Trust
in Care Robots by Public Opinion Leaders. International Journal of Human–Computer
Interaction, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283
bibtex: '@article{Hoppe_Melkas_Pekkarinen_Tuisku_Hennala_Johansson-Pajala_Gustafsson_Thommes_2022,
title={Perception of Society’s Trust in Care Robots by Public Opinion Leaders},
DOI={10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283},
journal={International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction}, publisher={Informa
UK Limited}, author={Hoppe, Julia Amelie and Melkas, Helinä and Pekkarinen, Satu
and Tuisku, Outi and Hennala, Lea and Johansson-Pajala, Rose-Marie and Gustafsson,
Christine and Thommes, Kirsten}, year={2022}, pages={1–17} }'
chicago: Hoppe, Julia Amelie, Helinä Melkas, Satu Pekkarinen, Outi Tuisku, Lea Hennala,
Rose-Marie Johansson-Pajala, Christine Gustafsson, and Kirsten Thommes. “Perception
of Society’s Trust in Care Robots by Public Opinion Leaders.” International
Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2022, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283.
ieee: 'J. A. Hoppe et al., “Perception of Society’s Trust in Care Robots
by Public Opinion Leaders,” International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction,
pp. 1–17, 2022, doi: 10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283.'
mla: Hoppe, Julia Amelie, et al. “Perception of Society’s Trust in Care Robots by
Public Opinion Leaders.” International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction,
Informa UK Limited, 2022, pp. 1–17, doi:10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283.
short: J.A. Hoppe, H. Melkas, S. Pekkarinen, O. Tuisku, L. Hennala, R.-M. Johansson-Pajala,
C. Gustafsson, K. Thommes, International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction
(2022) 1–17.
date_created: 2022-06-28T13:13:41Z
date_updated: 2022-06-28T13:13:56Z
department:
- _id: '178'
- _id: '184'
doi: 10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283
keyword:
- Computer Science Applications
- Human-Computer Interaction
- Human Factors and Ergonomics
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1-17
publication: International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1044-7318
- 1532-7590
publication_status: published
publisher: Informa UK Limited
status: public
title: Perception of Society’s Trust in Care Robots by Public Opinion Leaders
type: journal_article
user_id: '72497'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '32267'
author:
- first_name: Julia Amelie
full_name: Hoppe, Julia Amelie
last_name: Hoppe
- first_name: Helinä
full_name: Melkas, Helinä
last_name: Melkas
- first_name: Satu
full_name: Pekkarinen, Satu
last_name: Pekkarinen
- first_name: Outi
full_name: Tuisku, Outi
last_name: Tuisku
- first_name: Lea
full_name: Hennala, Lea
last_name: Hennala
- first_name: Rose-Marie
full_name: Johansson-Pajala, Rose-Marie
last_name: Johansson-Pajala
- first_name: Christine
full_name: Gustafsson, Christine
last_name: Gustafsson
- first_name: Kirsten
full_name: Thommes, Kirsten
last_name: Thommes
citation:
ama: Hoppe JA, Melkas H, Pekkarinen S, et al. Perception of Society’s Trust in Care
Robots by Public Opinion Leaders. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction.
Published online 2022:1-17. doi:10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283
apa: Hoppe, J. A., Melkas, H., Pekkarinen, S., Tuisku, O., Hennala, L., Johansson-Pajala,
R.-M., Gustafsson, C., & Thommes, K. (2022). Perception of Society’s Trust
in Care Robots by Public Opinion Leaders. International Journal of Human–Computer
Interaction, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283
bibtex: '@article{Hoppe_Melkas_Pekkarinen_Tuisku_Hennala_Johansson-Pajala_Gustafsson_Thommes_2022,
title={Perception of Society’s Trust in Care Robots by Public Opinion Leaders},
DOI={10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283},
journal={International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction}, publisher={Informa
UK Limited}, author={Hoppe, Julia Amelie and Melkas, Helinä and Pekkarinen, Satu
and Tuisku, Outi and Hennala, Lea and Johansson-Pajala, Rose-Marie and Gustafsson,
Christine and Thommes, Kirsten}, year={2022}, pages={1–17} }'
chicago: Hoppe, Julia Amelie, Helinä Melkas, Satu Pekkarinen, Outi Tuisku, Lea Hennala,
Rose-Marie Johansson-Pajala, Christine Gustafsson, and Kirsten Thommes. “Perception
of Society’s Trust in Care Robots by Public Opinion Leaders.” International
Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2022, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283.
ieee: 'J. A. Hoppe et al., “Perception of Society’s Trust in Care Robots
by Public Opinion Leaders,” International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction,
pp. 1–17, 2022, doi: 10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283.'
mla: Hoppe, Julia Amelie, et al. “Perception of Society’s Trust in Care Robots by
Public Opinion Leaders.” International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction,
Informa UK Limited, 2022, pp. 1–17, doi:10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283.
short: J.A. Hoppe, H. Melkas, S. Pekkarinen, O. Tuisku, L. Hennala, R.-M. Johansson-Pajala,
C. Gustafsson, K. Thommes, International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction
(2022) 1–17.
date_created: 2022-06-28T13:14:46Z
date_updated: 2022-06-28T13:14:54Z
department:
- _id: '178'
- _id: '184'
doi: 10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283
keyword:
- Computer Science Applications
- Human-Computer Interaction
- Human Factors and Ergonomics
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1-17
publication: International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1044-7318
- 1532-7590
publication_status: published
publisher: Informa UK Limited
status: public
title: Perception of Society’s Trust in Care Robots by Public Opinion Leaders
type: journal_article
user_id: '72497'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '34046'
author:
- first_name: Christin
full_name: Hoffmann, Christin
last_name: Hoffmann
- first_name: Kirsten
full_name: Thommes, Kirsten
id: '72497'
last_name: Thommes
citation:
ama: Hoffmann C, Thommes K. Seizing the Opportunity for Automation—How Traffic Density
Determines Truck Drivers’ Use of Cruise Control. IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine
Systems. Published online 2022:1-11. doi:10.1109/thms.2022.3212335
apa: Hoffmann, C., & Thommes, K. (2022). Seizing the Opportunity for Automation—How
Traffic Density Determines Truck Drivers’ Use of Cruise Control. IEEE Transactions
on Human-Machine Systems, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1109/thms.2022.3212335
bibtex: '@article{Hoffmann_Thommes_2022, title={Seizing the Opportunity for Automation—How
Traffic Density Determines Truck Drivers’ Use of Cruise Control}, DOI={10.1109/thms.2022.3212335},
journal={IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems}, publisher={Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)}, author={Hoffmann, Christin and Thommes,
Kirsten}, year={2022}, pages={1–11} }'
chicago: Hoffmann, Christin, and Kirsten Thommes. “Seizing the Opportunity for Automation—How
Traffic Density Determines Truck Drivers’ Use of Cruise Control.” IEEE Transactions
on Human-Machine Systems, 2022, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1109/thms.2022.3212335.
ieee: 'C. Hoffmann and K. Thommes, “Seizing the Opportunity for Automation—How Traffic
Density Determines Truck Drivers’ Use of Cruise Control,” IEEE Transactions
on Human-Machine Systems, pp. 1–11, 2022, doi: 10.1109/thms.2022.3212335.'
mla: Hoffmann, Christin, and Kirsten Thommes. “Seizing the Opportunity for Automation—How
Traffic Density Determines Truck Drivers’ Use of Cruise Control.” IEEE Transactions
on Human-Machine Systems, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE), 2022, pp. 1–11, doi:10.1109/thms.2022.3212335.
short: C. Hoffmann, K. Thommes, IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems (2022)
1–11.
date_created: 2022-11-10T07:49:01Z
date_updated: 2023-01-09T14:05:54Z
department:
- _id: '178'
- _id: '184'
doi: 10.1109/thms.2022.3212335
keyword:
- Artificial Intelligence
- Computer Networks and Communications
- Computer Science Applications
- Human-Computer Interaction
- Signal Processing
- Control and Systems Engineering
- Human Factors and Ergonomics
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1-11
publication: IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2168-2291
- 2168-2305
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Seizing the Opportunity for Automation—How Traffic Density Determines Truck
Drivers' Use of Cruise Control
type: journal_article
user_id: '72497'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '32273'
author:
- first_name: Julia Amelie
full_name: Hoppe, Julia Amelie
id: '73093'
last_name: Hoppe
- first_name: Helinä
full_name: Melkas, Helinä
last_name: Melkas
- first_name: Satu
full_name: Pekkarinen, Satu
last_name: Pekkarinen
- first_name: Outi
full_name: Tuisku, Outi
last_name: Tuisku
- first_name: Lea
full_name: Hennala, Lea
last_name: Hennala
- first_name: Rose-Marie
full_name: Johansson-Pajala, Rose-Marie
last_name: Johansson-Pajala
- first_name: Christine
full_name: Gustafsson, Christine
last_name: Gustafsson
- first_name: Kirsten
full_name: Thommes, Kirsten
id: '72497'
last_name: Thommes
citation:
ama: Hoppe JA, Melkas H, Pekkarinen S, et al. Perception of Society’s Trust in Care
Robots by Public Opinion Leaders. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction.
Published online 2022:1-17. doi:10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283
apa: Hoppe, J. A., Melkas, H., Pekkarinen, S., Tuisku, O., Hennala, L., Johansson-Pajala,
R.-M., Gustafsson, C., & Thommes, K. (2022). Perception of Society’s Trust
in Care Robots by Public Opinion Leaders. International Journal of Human–Computer
Interaction, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283
bibtex: '@article{Hoppe_Melkas_Pekkarinen_Tuisku_Hennala_Johansson-Pajala_Gustafsson_Thommes_2022,
title={Perception of Society’s Trust in Care Robots by Public Opinion Leaders},
DOI={10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283},
journal={International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction}, publisher={Informa
UK Limited}, author={Hoppe, Julia Amelie and Melkas, Helinä and Pekkarinen, Satu
and Tuisku, Outi and Hennala, Lea and Johansson-Pajala, Rose-Marie and Gustafsson,
Christine and Thommes, Kirsten}, year={2022}, pages={1–17} }'
chicago: Hoppe, Julia Amelie, Helinä Melkas, Satu Pekkarinen, Outi Tuisku, Lea Hennala,
Rose-Marie Johansson-Pajala, Christine Gustafsson, and Kirsten Thommes. “Perception
of Society’s Trust in Care Robots by Public Opinion Leaders.” International
Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2022, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283.
ieee: 'J. A. Hoppe et al., “Perception of Society’s Trust in Care Robots
by Public Opinion Leaders,” International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction,
pp. 1–17, 2022, doi: 10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283.'
mla: Hoppe, Julia Amelie, et al. “Perception of Society’s Trust in Care Robots by
Public Opinion Leaders.” International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction,
Informa UK Limited, 2022, pp. 1–17, doi:10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283.
short: J.A. Hoppe, H. Melkas, S. Pekkarinen, O. Tuisku, L. Hennala, R.-M. Johansson-Pajala,
C. Gustafsson, K. Thommes, International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction
(2022) 1–17.
date_created: 2022-06-28T13:20:41Z
date_updated: 2023-12-06T09:18:47Z
department:
- _id: '178'
- _id: '184'
doi: 10.1080/10447318.2022.2081283
keyword:
- Computer Science Applications
- Human-Computer Interaction
- Human Factors and Ergonomics
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1-17
project:
- _id: '46'
grant_number: 16SV7954
name: 'ORIENT: Use of care robots in welfare services: New models for effective
orientation'
publication: International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1044-7318
- 1532-7590
publication_status: published
publisher: Informa UK Limited
status: public
title: Perception of Society’s Trust in Care Robots by Public Opinion Leaders
type: journal_article
user_id: '42933'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '46636'
author:
- first_name: Eva
full_name: Böhm, Eva
id: '3043'
last_name: Böhm
orcid: 0000-0001-6053-1012
- first_name: Andreas
full_name: Eggert, Andreas
last_name: Eggert
- first_name: Harri
full_name: Terho, Harri
last_name: Terho
- first_name: Wolfgang
full_name: Ulaga, Wolfgang
last_name: Ulaga
- first_name: Alexander
full_name: Haas, Alexander
last_name: Haas
citation:
ama: Böhm E, Eggert A, Terho H, Ulaga W, Haas A. Drivers and outcomes of salespersons’
value opportunity recognition competence in solution selling. Journal of Personal
Selling and Sales Management. 2020;40(3):180-197. doi:10.1080/08853134.2020.1778484
apa: Böhm, E., Eggert, A., Terho, H., Ulaga, W., & Haas, A. (2020). Drivers
and outcomes of salespersons’ value opportunity recognition competence in solution
selling. Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, 40(3),
180–197. https://doi.org/10.1080/08853134.2020.1778484
bibtex: '@article{Böhm_Eggert_Terho_Ulaga_Haas_2020, title={Drivers and outcomes
of salespersons’ value opportunity recognition competence in solution selling},
volume={40}, DOI={10.1080/08853134.2020.1778484},
number={3}, journal={Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management}, publisher={Informa
UK Limited}, author={Böhm, Eva and Eggert, Andreas and Terho, Harri and Ulaga,
Wolfgang and Haas, Alexander}, year={2020}, pages={180–197} }'
chicago: 'Böhm, Eva, Andreas Eggert, Harri Terho, Wolfgang Ulaga, and Alexander
Haas. “Drivers and Outcomes of Salespersons’ Value Opportunity Recognition Competence
in Solution Selling.” Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management
40, no. 3 (2020): 180–97. https://doi.org/10.1080/08853134.2020.1778484.'
ieee: 'E. Böhm, A. Eggert, H. Terho, W. Ulaga, and A. Haas, “Drivers and outcomes
of salespersons’ value opportunity recognition competence in solution selling,”
Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 180–197,
2020, doi: 10.1080/08853134.2020.1778484.'
mla: Böhm, Eva, et al. “Drivers and Outcomes of Salespersons’ Value Opportunity
Recognition Competence in Solution Selling.” Journal of Personal Selling and
Sales Management, vol. 40, no. 3, Informa UK Limited, 2020, pp. 180–97, doi:10.1080/08853134.2020.1778484.
short: E. Böhm, A. Eggert, H. Terho, W. Ulaga, A. Haas, Journal of Personal Selling
and Sales Management 40 (2020) 180–197.
date_created: 2023-08-22T13:24:08Z
date_updated: 2023-09-05T22:15:36Z
department:
- _id: '785'
doi: 10.1080/08853134.2020.1778484
intvolume: ' 40'
issue: '3'
keyword:
- Management of Technology and Innovation
- Human Factors and Ergonomics
language:
- iso: eng
page: 180-197
publication: Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0885-3134
- 1557-7813
publication_status: published
publisher: Informa UK Limited
status: public
title: Drivers and outcomes of salespersons’ value opportunity recognition competence
in solution selling
type: journal_article
user_id: '14931'
volume: 40
year: '2020'
...