---
_id: '48086'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Individuals strive to make decisions that are consistent with not only their
consumer preferences but also their psychological needs. However, they are confronted
with complex, ambiguous or even false information. Ideologies and belief systems
provide guidance when processing and evaluating information and give a coherent
and comprehensible interpretation of reality. The first question is: why is an
individual attracted to a particular ideology? Individuals choose ideologies that
resonate with their subjective psychological needs and preferences. Second, how
do individuals search for ideologies and find out which suit them best? We model
an individual’s sequential information search for the best matching ideologies
by applying Bayesian learning and utility optimization. Additional information
enhances utility by reducing uncertainty. As a search is costly, the process may
stop once an individual adopts an ideology even if the information set remains
incomplete. Third, once they have chosen a particular ideology, individuals adhere
to its rules and norms when making everyday decisions. Consumers not only physically
consume, but they also act in accordance with their psychological needs.'
author:
- first_name: Carina
full_name: Burs, Carina
id: '44010'
last_name: Burs
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Gries, Thomas
id: '186'
last_name: Gries
- first_name: Veronika
full_name: Müller, Veronika
last_name: Müller
citation:
ama: Burs C, Gries T, Müller V. The Choice of Ideology and Everyday Decisions. Journal
of Organizational Psychology. 2023;23(1). doi:10.33423/jop.v23i1.6033
apa: Burs, C., Gries, T., & Müller, V. (2023). The Choice of Ideology and Everyday
Decisions. Journal of Organizational Psychology, 23(1). https://doi.org/10.33423/jop.v23i1.6033
bibtex: '@article{Burs_Gries_Müller_2023, title={The Choice of Ideology and Everyday
Decisions}, volume={23}, DOI={10.33423/jop.v23i1.6033},
number={1}, journal={Journal of Organizational Psychology}, publisher={North American
Business Press}, author={Burs, Carina and Gries, Thomas and Müller, Veronika},
year={2023} }'
chicago: Burs, Carina, Thomas Gries, and Veronika Müller. “The Choice of Ideology
and Everyday Decisions.” Journal of Organizational Psychology 23, no. 1
(2023). https://doi.org/10.33423/jop.v23i1.6033.
ieee: 'C. Burs, T. Gries, and V. Müller, “The Choice of Ideology and Everyday Decisions,”
Journal of Organizational Psychology, vol. 23, no. 1, 2023, doi: 10.33423/jop.v23i1.6033.'
mla: Burs, Carina, et al. “The Choice of Ideology and Everyday Decisions.” Journal
of Organizational Psychology, vol. 23, no. 1, North American Business Press,
2023, doi:10.33423/jop.v23i1.6033.
short: C. Burs, T. Gries, V. Müller, Journal of Organizational Psychology 23 (2023).
date_created: 2023-10-16T10:29:31Z
date_updated: 2023-10-16T10:43:29Z
department:
- _id: '200'
- _id: '202'
doi: 10.33423/jop.v23i1.6033
intvolume: ' 23'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Economics
- Ideology
- Decision-making
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Journal of Organizational Psychology
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2158-3609
publication_status: published
publisher: North American Business Press
status: public
title: The Choice of Ideology and Everyday Decisions
type: journal_article
user_id: '44010'
volume: 23
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '46448'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'We live in times of deep crisis. General crises of society often are accompanied
by ideological struggles. Given this context, it is important that social theory
reinvigorates the analysis of ideology. For doing so, it makes sense to engage
with classical theories of ideology. This paper contributes to this task. It asks:
How are the economic and the non-economic related? What is ideology? This article
deals with the base/superstructure problem and the problem of ideology via an
engagement with selected aspects of Stuart Hall’s, Georg Lukács’s and Raymond
Williams’s works. The commonality of Hall’s, Lukács’s and Williams’s thoughts
that makes a joint engagement with their works feasible is that they all three
dealt with aspects of culture from a critical theory perspective and are in one
way or another representatives of Cultural Marxism. While Lukács’s works and Cultural
Studies are often presented as conflicting approaches, this paper shows that concerning
the question of how the economic and the non-economic are related and how we can
think of ideology, the approaches of Lukács, Williams, and Hall complement each
other, which allows critical theories of culture to draw on all three approaches
and to combine elements from them in a synergistic manner. There are parallels
between Williams’, Hall’s, and Lukács’s solutions to the base/superstructure problem.
Williams argues that the economic exerts pressures on and sets limits to the non-economic.
Hall writes that the economic determines the non-economic in the first instance.
Lukács argues that the economic circumscribes subjectivity and the non-economic.'
author:
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Fuchs, Christian
id: '21863'
last_name: Fuchs
orcid: 0000-0003-0589-4579
citation:
ama: Fuchs C. The Problems of Base/Superstructure and Ideology in the Works of Stuart
Hall, Georg Lukács, and Raymond Williams. The Communication Review. Published
online 2023. doi:10.1080/10714421.2023.2242068
apa: Fuchs, C. (2023). The Problems of Base/Superstructure and Ideology in the Works
of Stuart Hall, Georg Lukács, and Raymond Williams. The Communication Review.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10714421.2023.2242068
bibtex: '@article{Fuchs_2023, title={The Problems of Base/Superstructure and Ideology
in the Works of Stuart Hall, Georg Lukács, and Raymond Williams}, DOI={10.1080/10714421.2023.2242068 }, journal={The Communication Review.}, author={Fuchs,
Christian}, year={2023} }'
chicago: Fuchs, Christian. “The Problems of Base/Superstructure and Ideology in
the Works of Stuart Hall, Georg Lukács, and Raymond Williams.” The Communication
Review., 2023. https://doi.org/10.1080/10714421.2023.2242068
.
ieee: 'C. Fuchs, “The Problems of Base/Superstructure and Ideology in the Works
of Stuart Hall, Georg Lukács, and Raymond Williams,” The Communication Review.,
2023, doi: 10.1080/10714421.2023.2242068
.'
mla: Fuchs, Christian. “The Problems of Base/Superstructure and Ideology in the
Works of Stuart Hall, Georg Lukács, and Raymond Williams.” The Communication
Review., 2023, doi:10.1080/10714421.2023.2242068 .
short: C. Fuchs, The Communication Review. (2023).
date_created: 2023-08-07T11:46:37Z
date_updated: 2024-06-10T13:47:16Z
department:
- _id: '136'
- _id: '11'
doi: '10.1080/10714421.2023.2242068 '
keyword:
- base and superstructure
- culture
- economy and culture
- Georg Lukács
- ideology
- Raymond Williams
- Stuart Hall
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '1084'
name: 'PÖM: Politische Ökonomie der Medien und der Kommunikation'
publication: The Communication Review.
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: The Problems of Base/Superstructure and Ideology in the Works of Stuart Hall,
Georg Lukács, and Raymond Williams
type: journal_article
user_id: '21863'
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '8836'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: While Islamic State is the most present example, it is a fact that in many
places around the globe, throughout history initially small groups have tried
to challenge and destabilize or even overthrow governments by means of terrorist
and guerrilla strategies. Therefore, we answer two questions. Why does a small
group of insurgents believe it can overthrow the government by turning violent,
even if the government is clearly superior? And how does a conflict develop into
terrorism, a guerilla war, or a major conventional civil war, or is resolved peacefully?
We develop a formal model for rebels and government and derive optimal choices.
Further, we focus on three elements as important ingredients of a "destabilization
war". All three of these - large random events, time preference (which we relate
to ideology), and choice of duration of fight - are rarely considered in formal
conflict theory. We can answer the above two questions using game theory analysis.
First, insurgents rise up because they hope to destabilize through permanent challenging
attacks. In this context, large randomness is an important ally of rebels. While
each individual attack may have a low impact, at some point a large random event
could lead to success. Hence, the duration of activities is a constitutive element
of this kind of armed conflict. Patience (low time preference), which may reflect
rebels' degree of ideological motivation, is crucial. Second, the mode of warfare
or the conflict resolutions that develop are generally path-dependent and conditioned
on the full set of options (including compromise). Various conditions (level of
funding, ease of recruitment, access to weapons) influence different modes of
warfare or a peaceful compromise in a complex way.
author:
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Gries, Thomas
id: '186'
last_name: Gries
- first_name: Claus-Jochen
full_name: Haake, Claus-Jochen
id: '20801'
last_name: Haake
citation:
ama: Gries T, Haake C-J. An Economic Theory of “Destabilization War.” Vol
95.; 2016.
apa: Gries, T., & Haake, C.-J. (2016). An Economic Theory of “Destabilization
War” (Vol. 95).
bibtex: '@book{Gries_Haake_2016, series={Working Papers CIE}, title={An Economic
Theory of “Destabilization War”}, volume={95}, author={Gries, Thomas and Haake,
Claus-Jochen}, year={2016}, collection={Working Papers CIE} }'
chicago: Gries, Thomas, and Claus-Jochen Haake. An Economic Theory of “Destabilization
War.” Vol. 95. Working Papers CIE, 2016.
ieee: T. Gries and C.-J. Haake, An Economic Theory of “Destabilization War,”
vol. 95. 2016.
mla: Gries, Thomas, and Claus-Jochen Haake. An Economic Theory of “Destabilization
War.” Vol. 95, 2016.
short: T. Gries, C.-J. Haake, An Economic Theory of “Destabilization War,” 2016.
date_created: 2019-04-08T06:45:02Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:04:03Z
ddc:
- '040'
department:
- _id: '205'
- _id: '475'
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: cjhaake
date_created: 2019-04-08T06:49:16Z
date_updated: 2019-04-08T06:49:16Z
file_id: '8838'
file_name: WP - An Economic Theory of ’Destabilization War'.pdf
file_size: 516125
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2019-04-08T06:49:16Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 95'
jel:
- H56
- O10
- D84
- C72
- D74
keyword:
- terrorism
- civil war
- conflict duration
- game theory
- stochastic process
- ideology
language:
- iso: eng
series_title: Working Papers CIE
status: public
title: An Economic Theory of 'Destabilization War'
type: working_paper
user_id: '20801'
volume: 95
year: '2016'
...