[{"date_updated":"2025-02-24T10:24:30Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"         8","article_type":"original","year":"2025","title":"Philosophy’s 25-Years Principle: Philosophy between Intuitive Understanding and Discursive Reasoning","author":[{"id":"357","last_name":"Milkov","first_name":"Nikolay","full_name":"Milkov, Nikolay"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2576-2451"],"eissn":["2576-2435"]},"doi":"10.22158/jrph.v8n1p36","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"text":"The present paper has two objectives. First, it explicates the story, initially portrayed by Eckart Förster, that philosophy allegedly started with publishing of Kant’s CPR and ended a quarter century later when Hegel’s Phenomenology of Mind appeared. We address the questions in what sense this happened and how is this development to be interpreted? Secondly, we demonstrate that similar radical transition from new, “true” beginning of philosophy to its apparent finishing took place in two other, high profile occasions in the history of Western philosophy, in two key points of its development: in the years 390-365 bc, between the early and the late Plato, and between 1898 and 1922, between Russell and Wittgenstein’s Tractatus. These three short-lived, spectacular transitions from philosophy’s alleged start to its alleged ultimate accomplishment give us good reason to speak about a specific 25-years principle in philosophy. In a peculiar way, this principle reveals philosophy’s true nature.","lang":"eng"}],"issue":"1","publication":"Journal of Research in Philosophy and History","type":"journal_article","keyword":["Aristotle","Hegel","Kant","Plato","Russell","Wittgenstein"],"department":[{"_id":"14"}],"date_created":"2025-02-24T10:24:15Z","status":"public","conference":{"name":"25th World Congress of Philosophy","start_date":"2024-08-02","location":"Rome, Italy","end_date":"2024-08-08"},"user_id":"357","volume":8,"page":"36-43","publisher":"SCHOLINK INC.","_id":"58806","quality_controlled":"1","citation":{"bibtex":"@article{Milkov_2025, title={Philosophy’s 25-Years Principle: Philosophy between Intuitive Understanding and Discursive Reasoning}, volume={8}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.22158/jrph.v8n1p36\">10.22158/jrph.v8n1p36</a>}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Research in Philosophy and History}, publisher={SCHOLINK INC.}, author={Milkov, Nikolay}, year={2025}, pages={36–43} }","ama":"Milkov N. Philosophy’s 25-Years Principle: Philosophy between Intuitive Understanding and Discursive Reasoning. <i>Journal of Research in Philosophy and History</i>. 2025;8(1):36-43. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.22158/jrph.v8n1p36\">10.22158/jrph.v8n1p36</a>","mla":"Milkov, Nikolay. “Philosophy’s 25-Years Principle: Philosophy between Intuitive Understanding and Discursive Reasoning.” <i>Journal of Research in Philosophy and History</i>, vol. 8, no. 1, SCHOLINK INC., 2025, pp. 36–43, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.22158/jrph.v8n1p36\">10.22158/jrph.v8n1p36</a>.","chicago":"Milkov, Nikolay. “Philosophy’s 25-Years Principle: Philosophy between Intuitive Understanding and Discursive Reasoning.” <i>Journal of Research in Philosophy and History</i> 8, no. 1 (2025): 36–43. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.22158/jrph.v8n1p36\">https://doi.org/10.22158/jrph.v8n1p36</a>.","short":"N. Milkov, Journal of Research in Philosophy and History 8 (2025) 36–43.","ieee":"N. Milkov, “Philosophy’s 25-Years Principle: Philosophy between Intuitive Understanding and Discursive Reasoning,” <i>Journal of Research in Philosophy and History</i>, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 36–43, 2025, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.22158/jrph.v8n1p36\">10.22158/jrph.v8n1p36</a>.","apa":"Milkov, N. (2025). Philosophy’s 25-Years Principle: Philosophy between Intuitive Understanding and Discursive Reasoning. <i>Journal of Research in Philosophy and History</i>, <i>8</i>(1), 36–43. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.22158/jrph.v8n1p36\">https://doi.org/10.22158/jrph.v8n1p36</a>"}},{"_id":"34702","publisher":"Springer International Publishing","editor":[{"full_name":"Hagengruber, Ruth Edith","first_name":"Ruth Edith","last_name":"Hagengruber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3360-6335","id":"198"}],"user_id":"14931","status":"public","place":"Cham","citation":{"ieee":"R. E. Hagengruber, Ed., <i>Époque Émilienne</i>. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022.","apa":"Hagengruber, R. E. (Ed.). (2022). <i>Époque Émilienne</i>. Springer International Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9</a>","chicago":"Hagengruber, Ruth Edith, ed. <i>Époque Émilienne</i>. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9</a>.","short":"R.E. Hagengruber, ed., Époque Émilienne, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2022.","mla":"Hagengruber, Ruth Edith, editor. <i>Époque Émilienne</i>. Springer International Publishing, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9\">10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9</a>.","bibtex":"@book{Hagengruber_2022, place={Cham}, title={Époque Émilienne}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9\">10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9</a>}, publisher={Springer International Publishing}, year={2022} }","ama":"Hagengruber RE, ed. <i>Époque Émilienne</i>. Springer International Publishing; 2022. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9\">10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9</a>"},"quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"alternative_title":["Philosophy and Science in the Age of Émilie Du Châtelet (1706-1749)"],"doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2523-8760","2523-8779"],"isbn":["9783030899202","9783030899219"]},"year":"2022","title":"Époque Émilienne","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2023-01-12T10:04:10Z","date_created":"2022-12-21T11:21:15Z","department":[{"_id":"14"},{"_id":"519"}],"type":"book_editor","keyword":["Émilie Du Châtelet","History of Science","Kant","Newton","Maupertuis","Voltaire"]},{"title":"Du Châtelet and Kant: Claiming the Renewal of Philosophy","year":"2022","author":[{"full_name":"Hagengruber, Ruth Edith","first_name":"Ruth Edith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3360-6335","last_name":"Hagengruber","id":"198"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2523-8760","2523-8779"],"isbn":["9783030899202","9783030899219"]},"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2025-12-17T13:40:24Z","intvolume":"        10","series_title":"Women in the History of Philosophy and Science ","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9_3","publication":"Époque Émilienne Philosophy and Science in the Age of Émilie Du Châtelet (1706-1749)","abstract":[{"text":"n 1789, Eberhard repudiated Kant’s claim expressed in the first edition of his Critique of Pure Reason to have delivered a new, namely transcendental turn in philosophy, as he was able to retrace our cognition to the origin of phenomena instead of delivering a “merely logical deduction”. Eberhard holds that there was nothing new, but all delivered in Leibniz and Wolff; to prove his claim he refers to a quote from Du Châtelet, taken from a paragraph where she determines the right understanding as to be able “to penetrate to the origin of phenomena”. This paper brings Du Châtelet into discourse with Kant via this Eberhard quote. In its first part, it investigates the use of her quote in the Kant-Eberhard controversy. The second part serves to ground the quote in Du Châtelet’s epistemology. It lays out how to understand Du Châtelet’s claim to penetrate to the origin of phenomena. Du Châtelet’s claim to have renewed philosophy must be taken seriously, and it is helpful for rethinking the German philosophical development from the rationalists to Kant through including Du Châtelet’s theory of cognition.","lang":"eng"}],"date_created":"2022-12-21T11:35:14Z","keyword":["Émilie Du Châtelet","History of Science","Newton","Kant","Eberhard","Wolff","Leibniz"],"type":"book_chapter","department":[{"_id":"615"},{"_id":"14"},{"_id":"519"}],"status":"public","page":"57-84","publisher":"Springer International Publishing","_id":"34705","user_id":"91827","volume":10,"editor":[{"last_name":"Hagengruber","first_name":"Ruth Edith","full_name":"Hagengruber, Ruth Edith"}],"citation":{"mla":"Hagengruber, Ruth Edith. “Du Châtelet and Kant: Claiming the Renewal of Philosophy.” <i>Époque Émilienne Philosophy and Science in the Age of Émilie Du Châtelet (1706-1749)</i>, edited by Ruth Edith Hagengruber, vol. 10, Springer International Publishing, 2022, pp. 57–84, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9_3\">10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9_3</a>.","ama":"Hagengruber RE. Du Châtelet and Kant: Claiming the Renewal of Philosophy. In: Hagengruber RE, ed. <i>Époque Émilienne Philosophy and Science in the Age of Émilie Du Châtelet (1706-1749)</i>. Vol 10. Women in the History of Philosophy and Science . Springer International Publishing; 2022:57-84. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9_3\">10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9_3</a>","bibtex":"@inbook{Hagengruber_2022, place={Cham}, series={Women in the History of Philosophy and Science }, title={Du Châtelet and Kant: Claiming the Renewal of Philosophy}, volume={10}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9_3\">10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9_3</a>}, booktitle={Époque Émilienne Philosophy and Science in the Age of Émilie Du Châtelet (1706-1749)}, publisher={Springer International Publishing}, author={Hagengruber, Ruth Edith}, editor={Hagengruber, Ruth Edith}, year={2022}, pages={57–84}, collection={Women in the History of Philosophy and Science } }","apa":"Hagengruber, R. E. (2022). Du Châtelet and Kant: Claiming the Renewal of Philosophy. In R. E. Hagengruber (Ed.), <i>Époque Émilienne Philosophy and Science in the Age of Émilie Du Châtelet (1706-1749)</i> (Vol. 10, pp. 57–84). Springer International Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9_3\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9_3</a>","ieee":"R. E. Hagengruber, “Du Châtelet and Kant: Claiming the Renewal of Philosophy,” in <i>Époque Émilienne Philosophy and Science in the Age of Émilie Du Châtelet (1706-1749)</i>, vol. 10, R. E. Hagengruber, Ed. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022, pp. 57–84.","chicago":"Hagengruber, Ruth Edith. “Du Châtelet and Kant: Claiming the Renewal of Philosophy.” In <i>Époque Émilienne Philosophy and Science in the Age of Émilie Du Châtelet (1706-1749)</i>, edited by Ruth Edith Hagengruber, 10:57–84. Women in the History of Philosophy and Science . Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9_3\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89921-9_3</a>.","short":"R.E. Hagengruber, in: R.E. Hagengruber (Ed.), Époque Émilienne Philosophy and Science in the Age of Émilie Du Châtelet (1706-1749), Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2022, pp. 57–84."},"quality_controlled":"1","place":"Cham"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"34707","publisher":"Springer International Publishing","user_id":"14931","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1","author":[{"full_name":"Hagengruber, Ruth","first_name":"Ruth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3360-6335","last_name":"Hagengruber","id":"198"}],"publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9783319207919","9783319207919"]},"title":"Du Châtelet, Émilie (1706–1749)","status":"public","year":"2021","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2023-01-12T10:06:49Z","date_created":"2022-12-21T11:54:55Z","place":"Cham","department":[{"_id":"615"},{"_id":"14"},{"_id":"519"}],"keyword":["aura Bassi Luise Gottsched Immanuel Kant Dourtous de Mairan Johann II Bernoulli Algarotti Buffon d’Alembert La Mettrie Principle of contradiction Hypotheses Enlightenment Leibniz-Clarke Correspondence Living forces Dead forces","happiness Space Imaginary beings Monads Epicurus Ethics Women philosophers Newton’s laws Principia Motion inertia Active force Vis viva Vis mortua Hypothetic reasoning Hypotheses","a priori principles","Experience","Dead forces","Living forces","Energy Dynamics"],"type":"book_chapter","citation":{"bibtex":"@inbook{Hagengruber_2021, place={Cham}, title={Du Châtelet, Émilie (1706–1749)}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1\">10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1</a>}, booktitle={Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences}, publisher={Springer International Publishing}, author={Hagengruber, Ruth}, year={2021} }","ama":"Hagengruber R. Du Châtelet, Émilie (1706–1749). In: <i>Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences</i>. Springer International Publishing; 2021. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1\">10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1</a>","mla":"Hagengruber, Ruth. “Du Châtelet, Émilie (1706–1749).” <i>Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences</i>, Springer International Publishing, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1\">10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1</a>.","chicago":"Hagengruber, Ruth. “Du Châtelet, Émilie (1706–1749).” In <i>Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences</i>. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1</a>.","short":"R. Hagengruber, in: Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2021.","ieee":"R. Hagengruber, “Du Châtelet, Émilie (1706–1749),” in <i>Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences</i>, Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021.","apa":"Hagengruber, R. (2021). Du Châtelet, Émilie (1706–1749). In <i>Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences</i>. Springer International Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1</a>"},"publication":"Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Of the many outstanding female philosophers of the European Enlightenment, Emilie Du Châtelet excelled as a physicist, a philosopher, and a mathematician, as well as a Bible critic. She was famous in her lifetime and was not completely forgotten thereafter. Among her admirers, correspondents and friends were the most acknowledged scholars of her time, including Voltaire, Clairault, Maupertuis, Diderot, Helvetius, La Mettrie, Buffon, Christian Wolff, Leonard Euler, and Johann II Bernoulli. Her philosophical work enjoyed high reputation and her opus magnum, the Institutions physiques, was translated into Italian and German and proved her to be an intellectual of European stature. Its defense of living forces and its implied forecast into dynamics as well as her methodological grounding of scientific knowledge as hypothetical, impacted philosophy and science. Reality must by nature escape us. What we perceive are phenomena. Du Châtelet explains the function of space and time to trace us back to the origin of phenomena. Her influence on Kant is evident. Next to her writings in physics, mathematics, philosophy, language, and logic, she contributed to morality and ethics. Du Châtelet left an opus of quite systematic breadth. This impressive publishing activity excels in the amount of its scientific and philosophical production to which a vast collection of manuscripts must be added.She argued against prejudice and idolatry in philosophy and science. Science is a cooperative undertaking over history and beyond nations. Her moral writings align with ideas of the French materialists. Du Châtelet translated and commented on Newton’s Principia, preparing thus the fertile soil of the generation of physicists to come in France."}]},{"user_id":"14931","volume":"3 ","editor":[{"first_name":"Ruth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3360-6335","last_name":"Hagengruber","full_name":"Hagengruber, Ruth","id":"198"},{"last_name":"Hecht","first_name":"Hartmut","full_name":"Hecht, Hartmut"}],"page":"420","_id":"12085","publisher":"Springer","status":"public","place":"Wiesbaden","citation":{"ama":"Hagengruber R, Hecht H, eds. <i>Emilie Du Châtelet und die deutsche Aufklärung</i>. Vol 3. Springer; 2019.","bibtex":"@book{Hagengruber_Hecht_2019, place={Wiesbaden}, series={ Philosophie History of Science Frauen in Philosophie und Wissenschaft. Women Philosophers and Scientists.}, title={Emilie Du Châtelet und die deutsche Aufklärung}, volume={3}, publisher={Springer}, year={2019}, collection={ Philosophie History of Science Frauen in Philosophie und Wissenschaft. Women Philosophers and Scientists.} }","mla":"Hagengruber, Ruth, and Hartmut Hecht, editors. <i>Emilie Du Châtelet und die deutsche Aufklärung</i>. Springer, 2019.","chicago":"Hagengruber, Ruth, and Hartmut Hecht, eds. <i>Emilie Du Châtelet und die deutsche Aufklärung</i>. Vol. 3.  Philosophie History of Science Frauen in Philosophie und Wissenschaft. Women Philosophers and Scientists. Wiesbaden: Springer, 2019.","short":"R. Hagengruber, H. Hecht, eds., Emilie Du Châtelet und die deutsche Aufklärung, Springer, Wiesbaden, 2019.","apa":"Hagengruber, R., &#38; Hecht, H. (Eds.). (2019). <i>Emilie Du Châtelet und die deutsche Aufklärung</i> (Vol. 3). Springer.","ieee":"R. Hagengruber and H. Hecht, Eds., <i>Emilie Du Châtelet und die deutsche Aufklärung</i>, vol. 3. Wiesbaden: Springer, 2019."},"series_title":" Philosophie History of Science Frauen in Philosophie und Wissenschaft. Women Philosophers and Scientists.","language":[{"iso":"ger"}],"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2023-01-12T09:46:30Z","title":"Emilie Du Châtelet und die deutsche Aufklärung","year":"2019","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["ISBN 978-3-658-14022-9"]},"keyword":["Emilie Du Châtelet","Immanuel Kant","Leibniz","Aufklärung","Christian Wolff","Luise Gottsched"],"type":"book_editor","department":[{"_id":"519"}],"date_created":"2019-07-19T09:56:16Z","abstract":[{"text":"In diesem Band werden neueste Forschungen zur Physikerin, Mathematikerin und Philosophin Emilie Du Châtelet (1706-1749) vorgestellt. Emilie Du Châtelet genoss in der deutschen Aufklärung eine hohe Reputation. Sie verband Leibniz Metaphysik mit der Physik von Newton und gelangte zu erstaunlichen Ergebnissen, die die Physik auf den Weg zu Einsteins Energieformel führte. Ihre Werke wurden sofort ins Deutsche übersetzt, Kant nimmt in seiner ersten Dissertation von 1747 auf sie Bezug. Die Sammlung stellt Texte vor, die den Einfluss der deutschen Aufklärung auf Du Châtelets und Du Châtelets Einfluss auf die deutsche Philosophie diskutieren. Die großen Namen der Epoche stehen hier zur Debatte, Leibniz, Wolff, Boskovic, Euler, Friedrich II, Voltaire, La Mettrie und viele weitere Größen der Aufklärung werden in ihrem Zusammenhang mit Du Châtelet vorgestellt. ","lang":"ger"}]}]