@inproceedings{45841,
abstract = {{Logic-based argumentation is a well-established formalism modeling nonmonotonic reasoning. It has been playing a major role in AI for decades, now. Informally, a set of formulas is the support for a given claim if it is consistent, subset-minimal, and implies the claim. In such a case, the pair of the support and the claim together is called an argument. In this paper, we study the propositional variants of the following three computational tasks studied in argumentation: ARG (exists a support for a given claim with respect to a given set of formulas), ARG-Check (is a given set a support for a given claim), and ARG-Rel (similarly as ARG plus requiring an additionally given formula to be contained in the support). ARG-Check is complete for the complexity class DP, and the other two problems are known to be complete for the second level of the polynomial hierarchy and, accordingly, are highly intractable. Analyzing the reason for this intractability, we perform a two-dimensional classification: first, we consider all possible propositional fragments of the problem within Schaefer's framework, and then study different parameterizations for each of the fragment.
We identify a list of reasonable structural parameters (size of the claim, support, knowledge-base) that are connected to the aforementioned decision problems. Eventually, we thoroughly draw a fine border of parameterized intractability for each of the problems showing where the problems are fixed-parameter tractable and when this exactly stops. Surprisingly, several cases are of very high intractability (paraNP and beyond).}},
author = {{Mahmood, Yasir and Meier, Arne and Schmidt, Johannes}},
booktitle = {{Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence}},
issn = {{2374-3468}},
keywords = {{General Medicine}},
number = {{7}},
pages = {{6426--6434}},
publisher = {{Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)}},
title = {{{Parameterized Complexity of Logic-Based Argumentation in Schaefer's Framework}}},
doi = {{10.1609/aaai.v35i7.16797}},
volume = {{35}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{33667,
abstract = {{AbstractIn light of the COVID-19 pandemic, we scrutinize what has been established in the literature on whether entrepreneurship can cause and resolve extreme events, the immediate and long-run impacts of extreme events on entrepreneurship, and whether extreme events can positively impact (some) entrepreneurship and innovation. Based on this, we utilize a partial equilibrium model to provide several conjectures on the impact of COVID-19 on entrepreneurship, and to derive policy recommendations for recovery. We illustrate that while entrepreneurship recovery will benefit from measures such as direct subsidies for start-ups, firms’ revenue losses, and loan liabilities, it will also benefit from aggregate demand-side support and income redistribution measures, as well as from measures that facilitate the innovation-response to the Keynesian supply-shock caused by the pandemic, such as access to online retail and well-functioning global transportation and logistics.}},
author = {{Gries, Thomas and Naudé, Wim}},
issn = {{2511-1280}},
journal = {{Economics of Disasters and Climate Change}},
keywords = {{General Medicine}},
number = {{3}},
pages = {{329--353}},
publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
title = {{{Extreme Events, Entrepreneurial Start-Ups, and Innovation: Theoretical Conjectures}}},
doi = {{10.1007/s41885-021-00089-0}},
volume = {{5}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{37404,
author = {{Menzefricke, Jörn Steffen and Wiederkehr, Ingrid and Koldewey, Christian and Dumitrescu, Roman}},
issn = {{2212-8271}},
journal = {{Procedia CIRP}},
keywords = {{General Medicine}},
pages = {{241--246}},
publisher = {{Elsevier BV}},
title = {{{Maturity-based Development of Strategic Thrusts for Socio-technical Risks}}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.procir.2021.11.041}},
volume = {{104}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{40039,
abstract = {{In der Herausforderung Unterricht inklusionsbezogen weiterzuentwickeln, manifestiert sich unter anderem die Forderung nach der Qualifizierung von (angehenden) Lehrkräften bzgl. der Anwendung und Umsetzung einer alltagsintegrierten Diagnostik mit dem Ziel, Kinder individualisiert und gleichzeitig mit Bezug auf einen gemeinsamen Lerngegenstand zu unterrichten. Dabei ist ein didaktisch-diagnostisches Handeln aller Lehrkräfte gefordert, welches im Kontext einer professionellen und inklusionsorientierten Gestaltung sowie einer angemessenen Begleitung und Förderung von Lern- und Entwicklungsprozessen steht. In der Konzeption entsprechender Aus- und Weiterbildungsformate setzt das geplante Projekt DiPoSa (Didaktisch-diagnostische Potentiale des inklusionsorientierten Sachunterrichts) an. Ziel ist es durch einen Design-Based-Research-Ansatz (DBR) Videovignetten zu erstellen und zu evaluieren, mittels derer entsprechende Kompetenzen von (angehenden) Lehrkräften im Sachunterricht weiterentwickelt werden können. Dabei bietet insbesondere der Sachunterricht als vielperspektivisches Integrationsfach der Grundschule einen passenden Rahmen, kindliche Lernpotentiale als Ausgangspunkt für didaktisch-diagnostisches Handeln nutzbar zu machen. Denn in aktuellen inklusionsorientierten Ansätzen des Sachunterrichts sind sowohl reformpädagogisch orientierte als auch offene Konzepte und Modelle des adaptiven Unterrichts zu finden, die sich an den unterschiedlichen Programmatiken der Umsetzung von individueller Förderung orientieren. Im folgenden Beitrag werden die dem geplanten Projekt zugrundeliegenden theoretischen und empirischen Zugänge erläutert und die forschungsmethodische Umsetzung durch einen DBR-Ansatz als methodologische Basis für eine Theorie-Praxis-verzahnende Forschungsperspektive auf diagnostisches Handeln sowie die Förderung diagnostischer Handlungskompetenzen durch Videovignetten im Kontext der Aus- und Weiterbildung von (Sachunterrichts-)Lehrkräften diskutiert.
Abstract
The challenge to further promote practices of inclusive teaching, requires the development of assessment literacy. Combined with the aim to teach all children in a collaborative learning environment, qualification of teachers (in training) in the application and implementation of formative assessment as an integrated daily routine is needed. Therefore, the project DiPoSa focuses on the development of appropriate training and qualification formats. The project heads to create and evaluate video vignettes using a design-based-research approach (DBR), which can then be used to further develop assessment literacy of teachers in social studies and science in primary education. As a multi-perspective integrative subject in elementary school social studies and science in primary education offers a suitable framework for practices of formative assessment taking children's learning potentials as a serious concern. Foundations can be seen in current inclusive approaches to social studies and science in primary education, where reform pedagogically orientation and open concepts can as well be found as models of adaptive teaching. Although there are different theoretical and programmatic implementations, both perspectives share an orientation towards individual support of children. With this in mind the following article tries to lay down the theoretical and empirical approaches of the planed project DiPoSa and discusses methodological foundations of the project. The discussion focuses on how assessment practices as well as assessment literacy can be promoted through a DBR research-design using video vignettes in the context of teacher education and qualification and rooting in a deepened science-practice partnership.Zusammenfassung englisch}},
author = {{Schroeder, René and Blumberg, Eva and Kottmann, Brigitte and Miller, Susanne and Reh, Anne}},
issn = {{2699-2477}},
journal = {{QfI - Qualifizierung für Inklusion. Online-Zeitschrift zur Forschung über Aus-, Fort- und Weiterbildung pädagogischer Fachkräfte}},
keywords = {{General Medicine}},
number = {{2}},
pages = {{349--372}},
publisher = {{University Library J. C. Senckenberg}},
title = {{{Chancen des inklusionsorientierten Sachunterrichts für didaktisch-diagnostisches Handeln. Konzeptionelle und methodologisch-methodische Grundlagen eines forschungsbasierten Entwicklungsansatzes für die Lehrer*innenbildung}}},
doi = {{10.21248/qfi.74}},
volume = {{3}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{40598,
author = {{Rudisch, Julian and Jöllenbeck, Thomas and Vogt, Lutz and Cordes, Thomas and Klotzbier, Thomas Jürgen and Vogel, Oliver and Wollesen, Bettina}},
issn = {{0966-6362}},
journal = {{Gait & Posture}},
keywords = {{Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Biophysics}},
pages = {{55--64}},
publisher = {{Elsevier BV}},
title = {{{Agreement and consistency of five different clinical gait analysis systems in the assessment of spatiotemporal gait parameters}}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.01.013}},
volume = {{85}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{30119,
abstract = {{Abstract
Background
Subjective Memory Complaints (SMC) in elderly people due to preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease may be associated with dysregulation of the Kynurenine Pathway (KP), with an increase in neurotoxic metabolites that affect cognition. Golf is a challenging sport with high demands on motor, sensory, and cognitive abilities, which might bear the potential to attenuate the pathological changes of preclinical AD. This trial investigated the feasibility of learning to play golf for elderly with cognitive problems and its effects on cognitive functions and the KP.
Methods
In a 22-week single-blinded randomized controlled trial, elderly people with SMC were allocated to the golf (n = 25, 180 min training/week) or control group (n = 21). Primary outcomes were feasibility (golf exam, adherence, adverse events) and general cognitive function (Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale). Secondary outcomes include specific cognitive functions (Response Inhibition, Corsi Block Tapping Test, Trail Making Test), KP metabolites and physical performance (6-Minute-Walk-Test). Baseline-adjusted Analysis-of-Covariance was conducted for each outcome.
Results
42 participants were analyzed. All participants that underwent the golf exam after the intervention passed it (20/23). Attendance rate of the golf intervention was 75 %. No adverse events or drop-outs related to the intervention occurred. A significant time*group interaction (p = 0.012, F = 7.050, Cohen’s d = 0.89) was found for correct responses on the Response Inhibition task, but not for ADAS-Cog. Moreover, a significant time*group interaction for Quinolinic acid to Tryptophan ratios (p = 0.022, F = 5.769, Cohen’s d = 0.84) in favor of the golf group was observed. An uncorrected negative correlation between attendance rate and delta Quinolinic acid to Kynurenic acid ratios in the golf group (p = 0.039, r=-0.443) was found as well.
Conclusions
The findings indicate that learning golf is feasible and safe for elderly people with cognitive problems. Preliminary results suggest positive effects on attention and the KP. To explore the whole potential of golfing and its effect on cognitive decline, a larger cohort should be studied over a longer period with higher cardiovascular demands.
Trial registration
The trial was retrospectively registered (2nd July 2018) at the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00014921).
}},
author = {{Stroehlein, Julia K. and Vieluf, Solveig and Zimmer, Philipp and Schenk, Alexander and Oberste, Max and Gölz, Christian Johannes and van den Bongard, Franziska and Reinsberger, Claus}},
issn = {{1471-2377}},
journal = {{BMC Neurology}},
keywords = {{Clinical Neurology, General Medicine}},
number = {{1}},
publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
title = {{{Learning to play golf for elderly people with subjective memory complaints: feasibility of a single‐blinded randomized pilot trial}}},
doi = {{10.1186/s12883-021-02186-9}},
volume = {{21}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{41909,
abstract = {{The continuous development of medical methods in recent decades has achieved measurable improvement. The interdisciplinary cooperation of engineers and physicians is a forward-looking component of this development. However, this cooperation also results in new interfaces on the communication and software level, which must be defined by implementing a systematic workflow. In this paper, the step-by-step implementation of engineering methods into the surgical workflow is shown. The focus is on the basic requirements and the necessary exchange of information. Additively manufactured models for preoperative elucidation of the patient are used as a psychological added value to increase the transparency of the surgical procedure. In addition, the models serve to train young surgeons and provide the opportunity to plan advanced surgical techniques.}},
author = {{Risse, Lena and Kullmer, Gunter}},
issn = {{2059-4755}},
journal = {{Journal of 3D Printing in Medicine}},
keywords = {{General Medicine}},
number = {{2}},
pages = {{111--121}},
publisher = {{Future Medicine Ltd}},
title = {{{Application of engineering methods in the planning process of surgical treatments}}},
doi = {{10.2217/3dp-2020-0020}},
volume = {{5}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{45115,
abstract = {{
Context
Return to running (RTR) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is a crucial milestone. However, how and when to start a running program are uncertain.
Objective
To explore the feasibility of a structured program to reintroduce running after ACLR and evaluate the predictive value of potential predictors of short-term success.
Design
Longitudinal cohort study.
Setting
Local research center and participants' homes.
Patients or Other Participants
Thirty-five participants were recruited after ACLR.
Intervention(s)
Program with a progression algorithm to reintroduce running (10 running sessions in 14 days).
Main Outcome Measure(s)
The criterion for short-term success was no exacerbation of symptoms. Potential predictors were (1) the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective knee form score, (2) ACL Return to Sport after Injury questionnaire score, (3) quadriceps and hamstrings strength, (4) step-down endurance test, and (5) modified Star Excursion Balance test. Descriptive statistics were performed to study the feasibility of the RTR program, and Poisson regression analysis was used to evaluate predictors of success.
Results
Of the 34 participants, 33 completed the RTR program. Sixteen participants experienced some temporary exacerbation of symptoms, but only 1 had to stop the program. The initial IKDC score was the only significant predictor of a successful RTR, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 80.4%. An IKDC cut-off of 63.7/100 differentiated responders and nonresponders with the highest sensitivity and specificity (77.8% and 75.0%, respectively). A participant with an IKDC score above this threshold had a 3-fold greater chance of success.
Conclusions
Our results confirm the feasibility of our RTR program and progression algorithm after ACLR. Clinicians should use an IKDC score of >64 as a criterion to reintroduce running after ACLR to increase the likelihood of short-term success.
}},
author = {{Pairot de Fontenay, Benoit and Van Cant, Joachim and Gokeler, Alli and Roy, Jean-Sébastien}},
issn = {{1938-162X}},
journal = {{Journal of Athletic Training}},
keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, General Medicine}},
number = {{6}},
pages = {{540--546}},
publisher = {{Journal of Athletic Training/NATA}},
title = {{{Reintroduction of Running After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With a Hamstrings Graft: Can We Predict Short-Term Success?}}},
doi = {{10.4085/1062-6050-0407.21}},
volume = {{57}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{45135,
abstract = {{Context: Only 55% of the athletes return to competitive sports after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Athletes younger than 25 years who return to sports have a second injury rate of 23%. There may be a mismatch between rehabilitation contents and the demands an athlete faces after returning to sports. Current return-to-sports (RTS) tests utilize closed and predictable motor skills; however, demands on the field are different. Neurocognitive functions are essential to manage dynamic sport situations and may fluctuate after peripheral injuries. Most RTS and rehabilitation paradigms appear to lack this aspect, which might be linked to increased risk of second injury. Objective: This systematic and scoping review aims to map existing evidence about neurocognitive and neurophysiological functions in athletes, which could be linked to ACL injury in an integrated fashion and bring an extensive perspective to assessment and rehabilitation approaches. Data Sources: PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched to identify relevant studies published between 2005 and 2020 using the keywords ACL, brain, cortical, neuroplasticity, cognitive, cognition, neurocognition, and athletes. Study Selection: Studies investigating either neurocognitive or neurophysiological functions in athletes and linking these to ACL injury regardless of their design and technique were included. Study Design: Systematic review. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Data Extraction: The demographic, temporal, neurological, and behavioral data revealing possible injury-related aspects were extracted and summarized. Results: A total of 16 studies were included in this review. Deficits in different neurocognitive domains and changes in neurophysiological functions could be a predisposing risk factor for, or a consequence caused by, ACL injuries. Conclusion: Clinicians should view ACL injuries not only as a musculoskeletal but also as a neural lesion with neurocognitive and neurophysiological aspects. Rehabilitation and RTS paradigms should consider these changes for assessment and interventions after injury. }},
author = {{Piskin, Daghan and Benjaminse, Anne and Dimitrakis, Panagiotis and Gokeler, Alli}},
issn = {{1941-7381}},
journal = {{Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach}},
keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}},
number = {{4}},
pages = {{549--555}},
publisher = {{SAGE Publications}},
title = {{{Neurocognitive and Neurophysiological Functions Related to ACL Injury: A Framework for Neurocognitive Approaches in Rehabilitation and Return-to-Sports Tests}}},
doi = {{10.1177/19417381211029265}},
volume = {{14}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{45138,
abstract = {{Individuals after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) have a high rate of reinjury upon return to competitive sports. Deficits in motor control may influence reinjury risk and can be addressed during rehabilitation with motor learning strategies. When instructing patients in performing motor tasks after ACLR, an external focus of attention directed to the intended movement effect has been shown to be more effective in reducing reinjury risk than an internal focus of attention on body movements. While this concept is mostly agreed upon, recent literature has made it clear that the interpretation and implementation of an external focus of attention within ACLR rehabilitation needs to be better described. The purpose of this commentary is to provide a clinical framework for the application of attentional focus strategies and guide clinicians towards effectively utilizing an external focus of attention in rehabilitation after ACLR. Level of Evidence 5 }},
author = {{Singh, Harjiv and Gokeler, Alli and Benjaminse, Anne}},
issn = {{2159-2896}},
journal = {{International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy}},
keywords = {{Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation}},
number = {{6}},
publisher = {{International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy}},
title = {{{Effective Attentional Focus Strategies after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Commentary}}},
doi = {{10.26603/001c.29848}},
volume = {{16}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{45151,
author = {{Dingenen, Bart and Billiet, Bart and De Baets, Liesbet and Bellemans, Johan and Truijen, Jan and Gokeler, Alli}},
issn = {{1466-853X}},
journal = {{Physical Therapy in Sport}},
keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, General Medicine}},
pages = {{68--76}},
publisher = {{Elsevier BV}},
title = {{{Rehabilitation strategies of Flemish physical therapists before and after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: An online survey}}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.02.003}},
volume = {{49}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{37830,
abstract = {{ZusammenfassungJegliche Art von Emotionen im Sport spielen vor allem in Wettkampfsituationen eine bedeutende Rolle, wenn es darum geht, zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt die optimale Leistung abzurufen. Emotionen können Auswirkungen auf der physiologischen, perzeptuell-kognitiven oder behavioralen Ebenen haben. Daher bildet den Schwerpunkt des vorliegenden Scoping-Reviews, die Untersuchung der Bedeutung wettkampfbezogener (state) Emotionen von Sporttreibenden. Die Literaturrecherche ergab 1126 Arbeiten, aus denen 15 Studien die Einschlusskriterien erfüllten. Diese wurden hinsichtlich ihrer Themenschwerpunkte betrachtet: 1) Emotionen, Kognitionen und Angst; 2) Emotionen, Leistungsbeurteilung und Stress; 3) Emotionen und Leistungsziele; 4) Unterschiede emotionaler Ausprägung im Geschlecht und Leistungsniveau; 5) Einfluss von Kausalzuschreibungen auf die Emotionen. Anschließend wurden die in den vorgestellten Studien verwendeten emotionserfassenden Messinstrumente betrachtet und vorgestellt. Zusammengefasst erscheint die Erfassung wettkampfbezogener (state) Emotionen rund um das sportliche Geschehen (vor, während, danach) ein wesentlicher Bestandteil der angewandten Sportpsychologie, davon abgeleiteter Emotionsregulationsstrategien und somit der optimalen Leistungserbringung zu sein, auch wenn der (deutschsprachigen) sportpsychologischen Praxis bisher nur begrenzte validierte Messinstrumente vorliegen.}},
author = {{Wetzel, Änne and Güldenpenning, Iris and Weigelt, Matthias}},
issn = {{2509-3142}},
journal = {{German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research}},
keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}},
number = {{3}},
pages = {{419--432}},
publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
title = {{{Wettkampfbezogene Emotionen im Sport – ein Scoping-Review}}},
doi = {{10.1007/s12662-021-00772-0}},
volume = {{52}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{37786,
abstract = {{ Abstract. In several kinds of sports, deceptive actions are used to hinder the anticipation performance of an opponent. During a head fake in basketball, a player turns the head to one side but passes the ball to the other side. A pass with a head fake generates a head-fake effect in the observer, which is characterized by slower and more error-prone responses to the pass direction as compared to passes without a head fake. Whereas the head-fake effect has been replicated several times, the question of its origin with dynamic stimuli has not been answered yet. The present study includes four experiments, which are conducted to examine the perceptual-cognitive mechanism underlying the effect by using the model of dimensional overlap ( Kornblum et al., 1990 ) and the additive factors logic ( Sternberg, 1969 ). Results point to multiple processes contributing to the head-fake effect for dynamic stimuli, which operate not only at a perceptual level but also at a level of response selection. }},
author = {{Polzien, Andrea and Güldenpenning, Iris and Weigelt, Matthias}},
issn = {{1618-3169}},
journal = {{Experimental Psychology}},
keywords = {{General Psychology, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, General Medicine}},
number = {{6}},
pages = {{349--363}},
publisher = {{Hogrefe Publishing Group}},
title = {{{Examining the Perceptual-Cognitive Mechanism of Deceptive Actions in Sports}}},
doi = {{10.1027/1618-3169/a000503}},
volume = {{67}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{34480,
author = {{Bolt, Ruben and Heuvelmans, Pieter and Benjaminse, Anne and Robinson, Mark A. and Gokeler, Alli}},
issn = {{1476-3141}},
journal = {{Sports Biomechanics}},
keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}},
pages = {{1--14}},
publisher = {{Informa UK Limited}},
title = {{{An ecological dynamics approach to ACL injury risk research: a current opinion}}},
doi = {{10.1080/14763141.2021.1960419}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{32456,
author = {{Letafatkar, Amir and Rabiei, Pouya and Ghanati, Hadi Abbaszadeh and Khosrokiani, Zohre and Ghahremani, Naji and Gokeler, Alli}},
issn = {{1824-7490}},
journal = {{Sport Sciences for Health}},
keywords = {{Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}},
number = {{4}},
pages = {{737--745}},
publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
title = {{{Training athletes with an external attentional focus enhances athletic performance during countermovement jump}}},
doi = {{10.1007/s11332-020-00652-4}},
volume = {{16}},
year = {{2020}},
}
@article{32455,
author = {{Haines, Mackenzie and Murray, Amanda M. and Glaviano, Neal R. and Gokeler, Alli and Norte, Grant E.}},
issn = {{0167-9457}},
journal = {{Human Movement Science}},
keywords = {{Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, General Medicine, Biophysics}},
publisher = {{Elsevier BV}},
title = {{{Restricting ankle dorsiflexion does not mitigate the benefits of external focus of attention on landing biomechanics in healthy females}}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.humov.2020.102719}},
volume = {{74}},
year = {{2020}},
}
@article{33389,
abstract = {{Abstract
Purpose
Space flight and bed rest (BR) lead to a rapid decline in exercise capacity. Whey protein plus potassium bicarbonate diet-supplementation (NUTR) could attenuate this effect by improving oxidative metabolism. We evaluated the impact of 21-day BR and NUTR on fatigue resistance of plantar flexor muscles (PF) during repeated shortening contractions, and whether any change was related to altered energy metabolism and muscle oxygenation.
Methods
Ten healthy men received a standardized isocaloric diet with (n = 5) or without (n = 5) NUTR. Eight bouts of 24 concentric plantar flexions (30 s each bout) with 20 s rest between bouts were employed. PF muscle size was assessed by means of peripheral quantitative computed tomography. PF muscle volume was assessed with magnetic resonance imaging. PF muscle force, contraction velocity, power and surface electromyogram signals were recorded during each contraction, as well as energy metabolism (31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) and oxygenation (near-infrared spectroscopy). Cardiopulmonary parameters were measured during an incremental cycle exercise test.
Results
BR caused 10–15% loss of PF volume that was partly recovered 3 days after re-ambulation, as a consequence of fluid redistribution. Unexpectedly, PF fatigue resistance was not affected by BR or NUTR. BR induced a shift in muscle metabolism toward glycolysis and some signs of impaired muscle oxygen extraction. NUTR did not attenuate the BR-induced-shift in energy metabolism.
Conclusions
Twenty-one days’ BR did not impair PF fatigue resistance, but the shift to glycolytic metabolism and indications of impaired oxygen extraction may be early signs of developing reduced muscle fatigue resistance.
}},
author = {{Bosutti, Alessandra and Mulder, Edwin and Zange, Jochen and Bühlmeier, Judith and Ganse, Bergita and Degens, Hans}},
issn = {{1439-6319}},
journal = {{European Journal of Applied Physiology}},
keywords = {{Physiology (medical), Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, General Medicine, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Physiology}},
number = {{5}},
pages = {{969--983}},
publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
title = {{{Effects of 21 days of bed rest and whey protein supplementation on plantar flexor muscle fatigue resistance during repeated shortening contractions}}},
doi = {{10.1007/s00421-020-04333-5}},
volume = {{120}},
year = {{2020}},
}
@article{48054,
author = {{Gretz, Daniela}},
issn = {{1865-8857}},
journal = {{Jahrbuch der Raabe-Gesellschaft}},
keywords = {{General Medicine}},
number = {{1}},
pages = {{120--146}},
publisher = {{Walter de Gruyter GmbH}},
title = {{{Zwischen romantischem Fragment und Skizze/n der Moderne. Zum medialen Realismus von Wilhelm Raabes "Wer kann es wenden?"}}},
doi = {{10.1515/raabe-2020-0009}},
volume = {{61}},
year = {{2020}},
}
@article{50280,
abstract = {{The use of video analysis in Design-Based Research (DBR) seems to be promising, because the quality of video data matches the reality of educational fields. Educational fields are multidimensional and complex. And more than other types of data, video may capture, for example, the simultaneity of verbal and non-verbal interactions. This seems to be valuable in the quest for new insights and better designs of educational interventions. However, to date there has been limited use of video data in researching their design. This paper aims at reflecting how the benefits of video-based analysis may be utilised in DBR. Experiences with the collection and analysis of video data in a project to design self-organised learning (SOL) at a vocational school in Germany will be used as a case study to illustrate the type of findings that may feed into the DBR process. In this case, the project school had already introduced a sophisticated SOL model but was experiencing various implementation difficulties. Resolving issues like this requires insights into how exactly a concept is realised and what happens in the field. Therefore, video data on classroom interactions was gathered and sub-sequently analysed using the documentary method. This led to the reconstruction of two different types of orientation that were guiding the students when they dealt with their self-organised learning environment. In a subversive orientation, students playfully infiltrate the formal learning space with peer activities. In a confirming orientation, students stick to both, the (informal) rules of the (formal) learning arrangement and of the peer environment, thus expressing respect for the boundary between these two worlds. These findings have been used to redesign the SOL intervention.}},
author = {{Gössling, Bernd and Daniel, Desiree}},
issn = {{2511-0667}},
journal = {{EDeR. Educational Design Research}},
keywords = {{Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health}},
number = {{2}},
publisher = {{Staats- und Universitatsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky}},
title = {{{Video analysis in Design-Based Research – Findings of a project on self-organised learning at a vocational school}}},
doi = {{10.15460/eder.2.2.1270}},
volume = {{2}},
year = {{2020}},
}
@article{51001,
author = {{Wells, Aaron}},
issn = {{1369-8486}},
journal = {{Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences}},
keywords = {{History and Philosophy of Science, History, General Medicine}},
publisher = {{Elsevier BV}},
title = {{{Kant, Linnaeus, and the economy of nature}}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.shpsc.2020.101294}},
volume = {{83}},
year = {{2020}},
}