---
_id: '33372'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Academics may actively respond to the expectations of the academic
status market, which have largely been shaped by the World University Rankings
(WURs). This study empirically examines how academics’ citation patterns have
changed in response to the rise of an “evaluation environment” in academia. We
regard the WURs to be a macro-level trigger for cementing a bibliometric-based
evaluation environment in academia. Our analyses of citation patterns in papers
published in two higher education journals explicitly considered three distinct
periods: the pre-WURs (1990–2003), the period of WURs implementation (2004–2010),
and the period of adaption to WURs (2011–2017). We applied the nonparametric Kaplan–Meier
method to compare first-citation speeds of papers published across the three periods.
We found that not only has first-citation speed become faster, but first-citation
probability has also increased following the emergence of the WURs. Applying Cox
proportional hazard models to first-citation probabilities, we identified journal
impact factors and third-party funding as factors influencing first-citation probability,
while other author- and paper-related factors showed limited effects. We also
found that the general effects of different factors on first-citation speeds have
changed with the emergence of the WURs. The findings expand our understanding
of the citation patterns of academics in the rise of WURs and provide practical
grounds for research policy as well as higher education policy.'
article_number: '9515'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Soo Jeung
full_name: Lee, Soo Jeung
last_name: Lee
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Schneijderberg, Christian
last_name: Schneijderberg
- first_name: Yangson
full_name: Kim, Yangson
last_name: Kim
- first_name: Isabel
full_name: Steinhardt, Isabel
id: '90339'
last_name: Steinhardt
orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2590-6189
citation:
ama: Lee SJ, Schneijderberg C, Kim Y, Steinhardt I. Have Academics’ Citation Patterns
Changed in Response to the Rise of World University Rankings? A Test Using First-Citation
Speeds. Sustainability. 2021;13(17). doi:10.3390/su13179515
apa: Lee, S. J., Schneijderberg, C., Kim, Y., & Steinhardt, I. (2021). Have
Academics’ Citation Patterns Changed in Response to the Rise of World University
Rankings? A Test Using First-Citation Speeds. Sustainability, 13(17),
Article 9515. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13179515
bibtex: '@article{Lee_Schneijderberg_Kim_Steinhardt_2021, title={Have Academics’
Citation Patterns Changed in Response to the Rise of World University Rankings?
A Test Using First-Citation Speeds}, volume={13}, DOI={10.3390/su13179515},
number={179515}, journal={Sustainability}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Lee, Soo
Jeung and Schneijderberg, Christian and Kim, Yangson and Steinhardt, Isabel},
year={2021} }'
chicago: Lee, Soo Jeung, Christian Schneijderberg, Yangson Kim, and Isabel Steinhardt.
“Have Academics’ Citation Patterns Changed in Response to the Rise of World University
Rankings? A Test Using First-Citation Speeds.” Sustainability 13, no. 17
(2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13179515.
ieee: 'S. J. Lee, C. Schneijderberg, Y. Kim, and I. Steinhardt, “Have Academics’
Citation Patterns Changed in Response to the Rise of World University Rankings?
A Test Using First-Citation Speeds,” Sustainability, vol. 13, no. 17, Art.
no. 9515, 2021, doi: 10.3390/su13179515.'
mla: Lee, Soo Jeung, et al. “Have Academics’ Citation Patterns Changed in Response
to the Rise of World University Rankings? A Test Using First-Citation Speeds.”
Sustainability, vol. 13, no. 17, 9515, MDPI AG, 2021, doi:10.3390/su13179515.
short: S.J. Lee, C. Schneijderberg, Y. Kim, I. Steinhardt, Sustainability 13 (2021).
date_created: 2022-09-15T08:27:56Z
date_updated: 2022-09-15T08:37:41Z
ddc:
- '300'
department:
- _id: '121'
doi: 10.3390/su13179515
extern: '1'
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: isste
date_created: 2022-09-15T08:36:50Z
date_updated: 2022-09-15T08:36:50Z
file_id: '33375'
file_name: Lee et al. 2021 Academic Citations.pdf
file_size: 2407463
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-09-15T08:36:50Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 13'
issue: '17'
keyword:
- world university rankings
- citation
- first-citation speed
- Minerva
- Studies in Higher Education
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/17/9515
oa: '1'
publication: Sustainability
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2071-1050
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Have Academics’ Citation Patterns Changed in Response to the Rise of World
University Rankings? A Test Using First-Citation Speeds
type: journal_article
user_id: '90339'
volume: 13
year: '2021'
...