@inproceedings{17272, abstract = {{In developmental research, tutoring behavior has been identified as scaffolding infants' learning processes. It has been defined in terms of child-directed speech (Motherese), child-directed motion (Motionese), and contingency. In the field of developmental robotics, research often assumes that in human-robot interaction (HRI), robots are treated similar to infants, because their immature cognitive capabilities benefit from this behavior. However, according to our knowledge, it has barely been studied whether this is true and how exactly humans alter their behavior towards a robotic interaction partner. In this paper, we present results concerning the acceptance of a robotic agent in a social learning scenario obtained via comparison to adults and 8-11 months old infants in equal conditions. These results constitute an important empirical basis for making use of tutoring behavior in social robotics. In our study, we performed a detailed multimodal analysis of HRI in a tutoring situation using the example of a robot simulation equipped with a bottom-up saliency-based attention model. Our results reveal significant differences in hand movement velocity, motion pauses, range of motion, and eye gaze suggesting that for example adults decrease their hand movement velocity in an Adult-Child Interaction (ACI), opposed to an Adult-Adult Interaction (AAI) and this decrease is even higher in the Adult-Robot Interaction (ARI). We also found important differences between ACI and ARI in how the behavior is modified over time as the interaction unfolds. These findings indicate the necessity of integrating top-down feedback structures into a bottom-up system for robots to be fully accepted as interaction partners.}}, author = {{Vollmer, Anna-Lisa and Lohan, Katrin Solveig and Fischer, Kerstin and Nagai, Yukie and Pitsch, Karola and Fritsch, Jannik and Rohlfing, Katharina and Wrede, Britta}}, booktitle = {{Development and Learning, 2009. ICDL 2009. IEEE 8th International Conference on Development and Learning}}, keywords = {{robot simulation, hand movement velocity, robotic interaction partner, robotic agent, robot-directed interaction, multimodal analysis, Motionese, Motherese, intelligent tutoring systems, immature cognitive capability, human computer interaction, eye gaze, child-directed speech, child-directed motion, bottom-up system, bottom-up saliency-based attention model, adult-robot interaction, adult-child interaction, adult-adult interaction, human-robot interaction, action learning, social learning scenario, social robotics, software agents, top-down feedback structures, tutoring behavior}}, pages = {{1--6}}, publisher = {{IEEE}}, title = {{{People modify their tutoring behavior in robot-directed interaction for action learning}}}, doi = {{10.1109/DEVLRN.2009.5175516}}, year = {{2009}}, } @article{64055, abstract = {{A program for iterative fitting procedures to determine the NMR parameters from 51V solid-state MAS NMR spectra was developed. It contains options to use genetic algorithms and downhill-simplex optimizing procedures to extract the optimal parameter sets, which describe our spectra. As computational kernel the SIMPSON program is employed. Other kernels like SPINEVOLUTION are easily incorporable. The algorithms are checked for their suitability for the present optimization problem and optimal simulation conditions are determined, with the focus on minimal processing time. The procedure leads to a very good agreement between experimental and simulated spectra in a passable period of time. First results for spectra of model compounds for the active site of vanadium haloperoxidases are presented.}}, author = {{Waechtler, Maria and Schweitzer, Annika and Gutmann, Torsten and Breitzke, Hergen and Buntkowsky, Gerd}}, journal = {{Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance}}, keywords = {{51V MAS NMR spectroscopy, Genetic algorithms, Iterative fitting procedures, Model complexes for vanadium haloperoxidases}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{37–48}}, title = {{{Efficient analysis of 51V solid-state MAS NMR spectra using genetic algorithms}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.ssnmr.2008.11.003}}, volume = {{35}}, year = {{2009}}, } @article{63951, abstract = {{The parameters describing the quadrupolar and CSA interactions of 51V solid-state MAS NMR investigations of model complexes mimicking vanadoenzymes as well as vanadium containing catalysts and enzyme complexes are interpreted with respect to the chemical structure. The interpretation is based on the data of 15 vanadium complexes including two new complexes with previously unpublished data and 13 complexes with data previously published by us. Correlations between the chemical structure and the 51V solid-state NMR data of this class of compounds have been established. Especially for the isotropic chemical shift δ iso and the chemical shift anisotropy δ σ , correlations with specific structural features like the coordination number of the vanadium atom, the number of coordinating nitrogens, the number of oxygen atoms and the chemical surrounding of the complex could be established for these compounds. Moreover, quantitative correlations between the solid-state NMR parameters and specific bond angles and bond lengths have been obtained. Our results can be of particular interest for future investigations concerning the structure and the mode of action of related vanadoenzymes and vanadate protein assemblies, including the use of vanadate adducts as transition state analogs for phosphate metabolizing systems.}}, author = {{Fenn, Annika and Wächtler, Maria and Gutmann, Torsten and Breitzke, Hergen and Buchholz, Axel and Lippold, Ines and Plass, Winfried and Buntkowsky, Gerd}}, journal = {{Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance}}, keywords = {{51V NMR, Cis-dioxovanadium (v) complex, Model system, Vanadate}}, number = {{4}}, pages = {{192–201}}, title = {{{Correlations between 51V solid-state NMR parameters and chemical structure of vanadium (V) complexes as models for related metalloproteins and catalysts}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.ssnmr.2009.11.003}}, volume = {{36}}, year = {{2009}}, } @article{11820, abstract = {{In this paper, we derive an uncertainty decoding rule for automatic speech recognition (ASR), which accounts for both corrupted observations and inter-frame correlation. The conditional independence assumption, prevalent in hidden Markov model-based ASR, is relaxed to obtain a clean speech posterior that is conditioned on the complete observed feature vector sequence. This is a more informative posterior than one conditioned only on the current observation. The novel decoding is used to obtain a transmission-error robust remote ASR system, where the speech capturing unit is connected to the decoder via an error-prone communication network. We show how the clean speech posterior can be computed for communication links being characterized by either bit errors or packet loss. Recognition results are presented for both distributed and network speech recognition, where in the latter case common voice-over-IP codecs are employed.}}, author = {{Ion, Valentin and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}}, journal = {{IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing}}, keywords = {{automatic speech recognition, bit errors, codecs, communication links, corrupted observations, decoding, distributed speech recognition, error-prone communication network, feature vector sequence, hidden Markov model-based ASR, hidden Markov models, inter-frame correlation, Internet telephony, network speech recognition, packet loss, speech posterior, speech recognition, transmission error robust speech recognition, uncertainty decoding, voice-over-IP codecs}}, number = {{5}}, pages = {{1047--1060}}, title = {{{A Novel Uncertainty Decoding Rule With Applications to Transmission Error Robust Speech Recognition}}}, doi = {{10.1109/TASL.2008.925879}}, volume = {{16}}, year = {{2008}}, } @inproceedings{11939, abstract = {{In this paper a switching linear dynamical model (SLDM) approach for speech feature enhancement is improved by employing more accurate models for the dynamics of speech and noise. The model of the clean speech feature trajectory is improved by augmenting the state vector to capture information derived from the delta features. Further a hidden noise state variable is introduced to obtain a more elaborated model for the noise dynamics. Approximate Bayesian inference in the SLDM is carried out by a bank of extended Kalman filters, whose outputs are combined according to the a posteriori probability of the individual state models. Experimental results on the AURORA2 database show improved recognition accuracy.}}, author = {{Windmann, Stefan and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}}, booktitle = {{IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP 2008)}}, keywords = {{a posteriori probability, AURORA2 database, Bayesian inference, Bayes methods, channel bank filters, extended Kalman filter banks, hidden noise state variable, Kalman filters, noise dynamics, speech enhancement, speech feature enhancement, speech feature trajectory, switching linear dynamical model approach}}, pages = {{4409--4412}}, title = {{{Modeling the dynamics of speech and noise for speech feature enhancement in ASR}}}, doi = {{10.1109/ICASSP.2008.4518633}}, year = {{2008}}, } @article{34563, abstract = {{UML has been widely accepted by the software community for several years. As electronic systems design can no longer be seen as an isolated hardware design activity, UML becomes of significant interest as a unification language for systems description combining both HW and SW components. This article provides a comprehensive view of the UML applied to System-on-Chip (SoC) and hardware-related embedded systems design. The modeling concepts in the UML language are first introduced, including major diagrams for the representation of the behavior and the structure of systems. The principles behind application specific UML customizations (UML profiles) are summarized, and several examples relevant for SoC design are given, such as the SysML (System Modeling Language) and the SoC Profile. Thereafter, various approaches associating UML with existing HW/SW design languages are presented. Beyond language aspects, the article addresses the question of UML-based design flows, and shows how UML can be applied concretely to the development of electronic-based systems. The current situation about tool support constitutes the last focus of the article. In particular, we show how UML tools can be combined with well-known simulation environments, such as MATLAB.}}, author = {{Vanderperren, Yves and Müller, Wolfgang and Dahaene, Wim}}, journal = {{Design Automation for Embedded Systems}}, keywords = {{UML SysML Model-based design System specification Modelling languages}}, pages = {{261--292}}, publisher = {{Springer-Verlag}}, title = {{{UML for Electronic Systems Design – A Comprehensive Overview}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s10617-008-9028-9}}, volume = {{12}}, year = {{2008}}, } @article{34564, abstract = {{To provide user interfaces for a rich set of devices and interaction modalities, we follow a model-based development methodology. We devised an architecture which deploys user interfaces specified as dialogue models with abstract interaction objects and allows context-based adaptations by means of an external transcoding process. For the validation of the applicability of this methodology for developing usable multimodal multi-device systems, we present two case studies based on proof-of-concept implementations and assessed them with a large set of established design principles and different types of modality cooperation.}}, author = {{Schäfer, Robbie and Müller, Wolfgang}}, journal = {{Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces}}, keywords = {{Interaction architecture Abstract interaction objects Dialogue model Transformations Multimodality Multi-device Design principles}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{25--41}}, publisher = {{Springer-Verlag}}, title = {{{Assessment of a Multimodal Interaction and Rendering System against Established Design Principles}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s12193-008-0003-3}}, volume = {{2}}, year = {{2008}}, } @article{64041, abstract = {{Three cis-dioxovanadium(V) complexes with similar N -salicylidenehydrazide ligands modeling hydrogen bonding interactions of vanadate relevant for vanadium haloperoxidases are studied by 51V solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Their parameters describing the quadrupolar and chemical shift anisotropy interactions (quadrupolar coupling constant C Q , asymmetry of the quadrupolar tensor η Q , isotropic chemical shift δ iso , chemical shift anisotropy δ σ , asymmetry of the chemical shift tensor η σ and the Euler angles α , β and γ ) are determined both experimentally and theoretically using DFT methods. A comparative study of different methods to determine the NMR parameters by numerical simulation of the spectra is presented. Detailed theoretical investigations on the DFT level using various basis sets and structural models show that by useful choice of the methodology, the calculated parameters agree to the experimental ones in a very good manner.}}, author = {{Schweitzer, Annika and Gutmann, Torsten and Wächtler, Maria and Breitzke, Hergen and Buchholz, Axel and Plass, Winfried and Buntkowsky, Gerd}}, journal = {{Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance}}, keywords = {{51V NMR, Model system, Ab initio calculation, Cis-dioxovanadium(V) complex, Haloperoxidase, Numerical optimization, Quadrupolar interaction}}, number = {{1–2}}, pages = {{52–67}}, title = {{{51V solid-state NMR investigations and DFT studies of model compounds for vanadium haloperoxidases}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.ssnmr.2008.02.003}}, volume = {{34}}, year = {{2008}}, } @article{10646, author = {{Danne, Klaus and Mühlenbernd, Roland and Platzner, Marco}}, issn = {{1751-8601}}, journal = {{IET Computers Digital Techniques}}, keywords = {{reconfigurable architectures, resource allocation, device reconfiguration time, dynamic hardware reconfiguration, dynamically reconfigurable hardware, light-weight runtime system, merge server distribute load, periodic real-time tasks, runtime system overheads, schedulability analysis, scheduling technique, server-based execution, synthesis tool flow}}, number = {{4}}, pages = {{295--302}}, title = {{{Server-based execution of periodic tasks on dynamically reconfigurable hardware}}}, doi = {{10.1049/iet-cdt:20060186}}, volume = {{1}}, year = {{2007}}, } @article{6070, abstract = {{The Fehrer-Raab effect (simple reaction time is unaffected by metacontrast masking of the test stimulus) seems to imply that a stimulus can trigger a voluntary reaction without reaching a conscious representation. However, it is also possible that the mask triggers the reaction, and that the masked test stimulus causes a focussing of attention from which processing of the mask profits, thus reaching conscious representation earlier. This is predicted by the Weather Station Model of visual masking. Three experiments tested this explanation. Experiment 1 showed that the masked test stimulus caused a temporal shift of the mask. Experiment 2 showed that the reaction in the Fehrer-Raab effect was not exclusively triggered by a conscious representation of the test stimulus: the mask was involved in evoking the reaction. Experiment 3 again revealed a temporal shift of the mask. However, the shift was only about half as large as the Fehrer-Raab effect. The psychometric functions suggested tha}}, author = {{Neumann, Odmar and Scharlau, Ingrid}}, issn = {{0340-0727}}, journal = {{Psychological Research}}, keywords = {{Fehrer-Raab effect, Weather Station Model, visual backward masking, reaction time, metacontrast masking, conscious representation, Cognition, Humans, Perceptual Masking, Pilot Projects, Psychology, Experimental, Psychometrics, Reaction Time, Visual Perception, Models, Reaction Time, Visual Contrast, Visual Masking}}, number = {{6}}, pages = {{667 -- 677}}, title = {{{Experiments on the Fehrer-Raab effect and the 'Weather Station Model' of visual backward masking.}}}, volume = {{71}}, year = {{2007}}, } @inproceedings{38104, abstract = {{Location-aware services for private use such as GPS- based navigation systems and GSM-based offerings have become quite a success for outdoor applications, while indoor positioning systems are still mainly employed for professional use only. The main reasons are cost issues and the complexity of setup and maintenance of those systems. In this paper we present CaMPTrack (Camera-based Multiple Person Tracker), a prototype of a webcam-based positioning system and discuss its application and development challenges.}}, author = {{Schäfer, Robbie and Müller, Wolfgang and Deimann, Roman and Kleinjohann, Bernd}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the Workshop on Mobile Spatial Interaction at CHI 2007}}, keywords = {{Positioning Systems, Camera Based, Cost Efficiency, Smart Home Applications}}, title = {{{A Low-Cost Positioning System for Location-Aware Applications in Smart Homes}}}, year = {{2007}}, } @inproceedings{11943, abstract = {{A marginalized particle filter is proposed for performing single channel speech enhancement with a non-linear dynamic state model. The system consists of a particle filter for tracking line spectral pair (LSP) parameters and a Kalman filter per particle for speech enhancement. The state model for the LSPs has been learnt on clean speech training data. In our approach parameters and speech samples are processed at different time scales by assuming the parameters to be constant for small blocks of data. Further enhancement is obtained by an iteration which can be applied on these small blocks. The experiments show that similar SNR gains are obtained as with the Kalman-LM-iterative algorithm. However better values of the noise level and the log-spectral distance are achieved}}, author = {{Windmann, Stefan and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}}, booktitle = {{IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP 2006)}}, keywords = {{clean speech training data, iterative methods, iterative speech enhancement, Kalman filter, Kalman filters, Kalman-LM-iterative algorithm, line spectral pair parameters, log-spectral distance, marginalized particle filter, noise level, nonlinear dynamic state speech model, particle filtering (numerical methods), single channel speech enhancement, SNR gains, speech enhancement, speech samples}}, pages = {{I}}, title = {{{Iterative Speech Enhancement using a Non-Linear Dynamic State Model of Speech and its Parameters}}}, doi = {{10.1109/ICASSP.2006.1660058}}, volume = {{1}}, year = {{2006}}, } @inbook{33825, abstract = {{This article describes our approach for the specification and verification of production automation systems with real-time properties. We focus on the graphical MFERT notation and RT-OCL (Real-Time Object Constraint Language) for the specification of state-oriented real-time properties. RT-OCL is an extension of the Object Constraint Language (OCL) that is part of the Unified Modeling Language (UML). We introduce the formal semantics of RT-OCL based on a formal model of UML Class and State Diagrams and provide a mapping to temporal logics. The applicability of our approach is demonstrated by the case study of a manufacturing system with automated guided vehicles.}}, author = {{Flake, Stephan and Müller, Wolfgang and Pape, Ulrich and Ruf, Jürgen}}, booktitle = {{Integration of Software Specification Techniques for Applications in Engineering}}, editor = {{Ehrig, Hartmut and Damm, Werner and Desel, Jörg and Große-Rhode, Martin and Reif, Wolfgang and Schnieder, Eckehard and Westkämper, Engelbert}}, isbn = {{978-3-540-27863-4}}, keywords = {{Model Check, Temporal Logic, Object Constraint Language, Abstract Syntax, Temporal Logic Formula}}, pages = {{206--226}}, publisher = {{Springer-Verlag}}, title = {{{Specification and Formal Verification of Temporal Properties of Production Automation Systems}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-540-27863-4_13}}, volume = {{3147}}, year = {{2004}}, } @inproceedings{39350, abstract = {{Variation in different mobile devices with different capabilities and interaction modalities as well as changing user context in nomadic applications, poses huge challenges to the design of user interfaces. To avoid multiple designs for each device or modality, it is almost a must to employ a model-based approach. In this short paper, we present a new dialog model for multimodal interaction together with an advanced control model, which can either be used for direct modeling by an interface designer or in conjunction with higher level models.}}, author = {{Schäfer, Robbie and Bleul, Steffen and Müller, Wolfgang}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of EHCI-DSVIS 2005}}, keywords = {{Multimodal User Interface High Level Model Multimodal User High Level Approach Dialog Model}}, title = {{{A Novel Dialog Model for the Design of Multimodal User Interfaces}}}, year = {{2004}}, } @article{6086, abstract = {{Visual stimuli (primes) reduce the perceptual latency of a target appearing at the same location (perceptual latency priming, PLP). Three experiments assessed the time course of PLP by masked and, in Experiment 3, unmasked primes. Experiments 1 (N=11; mean age 26.9) and 2 (N=12; mean age 25.6) investigated the temporal parameters that determine the size of priming. Stimulus onset asynchrony was found to exert the main influence accompanied by a small effect of prime duration. Experiment 3 (N=19; mean age 27.7) used a large range of priming onset asynchronies. We suggest to explain PLP by the Asynchronous Updating Model which relates it to the asynchrony of 2 central coding processes, preattentive coding of basic visual features and attentional orienting as a prerequisite for perceptual judgments and conscious perception. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)}}, author = {{Scharlau, Ingrid and Neumann, Odmar}}, issn = {{0001-6918}}, journal = {{Acta Psychologica}}, keywords = {{perceptual latency priming, temporal parameters, Asynchronous Updating Model, time course, stimulus onset asynchrony, visual masking, attention, Adult, Attention, Female, Humans, Male, Perceptual Masking, Reaction Time, Time Perception, Visual Perception, Attention, Priming, Stimulus Onset, Visual Masking, Visual Perception, Models, Time}}, number = {{2}}, pages = {{185 -- 203}}, title = {{{Temporal parameters and time course of perceptual latency priming.}}}, volume = {{113}}, year = {{2003}}, } @inbook{34447, abstract = {{The Object Constraint Language (OCL) was introduced to support the specification of constraints for UML diagrams and is mainly used to formulate invariants and operation pre- and postconditions. Though OCL is also applied in behavioral diagrams, e.g., as guards for state transitions, it is currently not possible to specify constraints concerning the dynamic behavior and timing properties of such diagrams. This article discusses OCL’s application for the dynamic behavior of UML Statechart diagrams and presents an OCL extension for specification of state-oriented time-bounded constraints.We introduce operations to extract state configurations from diagrams and define additional predicates over states and state configurations. The semantics of our OCL extension is given by employing time-bounded Computational Tree Logic (CTL) formulae. An example of a flexible manufacturing system with automated guided vehicles demonstrates the application of our extension.}}, author = {{Flake, Stephan and Müller, Wolfgang}}, booktitle = {{Advances in Object Modelling with the OCL}}, editor = {{Clark, T. and Warmer, J.}}, isbn = {{978-3-540-45669-8}}, keywords = {{Model Check Temporal Logic Object Constraint Language Execution Path Kripke Structure}}, pages = {{150 -- 171}}, publisher = {{Springer-Verlag}}, title = {{{An OCL Extension for Real-Time Constraints}}}, doi = {{10.1007/3-540-45669-4_8}}, year = {{2002}}, } @article{11778, abstract = {{In this paper, it is shown that a correlation criterion is the appropriate criterion for bottom-up clustering to obtain broad phonetic class regression trees for maximum likelihood linear regression (MLLR)-based speaker adaptation. The correlation structure among speech units is estimated on the speaker-independent training data. In adaptation experiments the tree outperformed a regression tree obtained from clustering according to closeness in acoustic space and achieved results comparable with those of a manually designed broad phonetic class tree}}, author = {{Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}}, journal = {{IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing}}, keywords = {{acoustic space, adaptation experiments, automatic generation, bottom-up clustering, broad phonetic class regression trees, correlation criterion, correlation methods, maximum likelihood estimation, maximum likelihood linear regression based speaker adaptation, MLLR adaptation, pattern clustering, phonetic regression class trees, speaker-independent training data, speech recognition, speech units, statistical analysis, trees (mathematics)}}, number = {{3}}, pages = {{299--302}}, title = {{{Automatic generation of phonetic regression class trees for MLLR adaptation}}}, doi = {{10.1109/89.906003}}, volume = {{9}}, year = {{2001}}, } @article{32503, abstract = {{Two parameters of language production, the partner model and the mentally represented knowledge about a spatial constellation, are investigated with respect to their influence on spatial reference. At issue is whether the verbally expressed point of view in route directions is primarily influenced by the needs of the partner or by the underlying mental representation of the speaker stemming from his or her own experience with an object. Two experiments in which participants (N 5 90) were asked to produce a set of route directions are reported. The experimental situation was such that the point of view of the speaker did not correspond to the point of view of the partner. The results show that more participants localize from their own point of view than from the point of view of the partner. Discussion centers on the fact that speakers do not always behave in a truly partner-oriented manner.}}, author = {{Buhl, Heike M.}}, journal = {{Journal of Psycholinguistic Research}}, keywords = {{language production, partner model, mental representation, spatial point of view, route direction}}, number = {{6}}, pages = {{549 -- 567}}, title = {{{Partner orientation and speaker’s knowledge as conflicting parameters in language production}}}, volume = {{30}}, year = {{2001}}, }