@inproceedings{65257, author = {{Böer, Nils Tobias and Steinborn, Michael B. and Weigelt, Matthias and Güldenpenning, Iris}}, booktitle = {{Abstracts of the 68th Conference of Experimental Psychologists}}, editor = {{Kaup, Barbara and Roth, Lilly and Rück, Franziska}}, keywords = {{effort, try-harder instruction, deception, sport psychology, action and perception}}, location = {{Tübingen}}, title = {{{When Trying Harder Helps: Effort Instructions Affect Performance in Complex Motor Tasks}}}, year = {{2026}}, } @inproceedings{65259, author = {{Böer, Nils Tobias and Güldenpenning, Iris and Weigelt, Matthias}}, booktitle = {{67th Conference of Experimental Psychologists}}, editor = {{Lê-Hoa Võ, Melissa and Fiebach, Christian and Shing, Yee Lee and Sammler, Daniela and Windmann, Sabine and Kaiser, Jochen}}, keywords = {{deception, action preparation, perception, movement planning, sport psychology}}, location = {{Frankfurt am Main}}, pages = {{132}}, title = {{{Differences of producing head fakes with and without a social partner}}}, year = {{2025}}, } @inproceedings{56479, abstract = {{While the importance of explainable artificial intelligence in high-stakes decision-making is widely recognized in existing literature, empirical studies assessing users' perceived value of explanations are scarce. In this paper, we aim to address this shortcoming by conducting an empirical study focused on measuring the perceived value of the following types of explanations: plain explanations based on feature attribution, counterfactual explanations and complex counterfactual explanations. We measure an explanation's value using five dimensions: perceived accuracy, understandability, plausibility, sufficiency of detail, and user satisfaction. Our findings indicate a sweet spot of explanation complexity, with both dimensional and structural complexity positively impacting the perceived value up to a certain threshold.}}, author = {{Liedeker, Felix and Düsing, Christoph and Nieveler, Marcel and Cimiano, Philipp}}, keywords = {{XAI, Explanation Complexity, User Perception}}, location = {{Valetta, Malta}}, title = {{{An Empirical Investigation of Users' Assessment of XAI Explanations: Identifying the Sweet-Spot of Explanation Complexity}}}, year = {{2024}}, } @inproceedings{57511, author = {{Böer, Nils Tobias and Weigelt, Matthias and Güldenpenning, Iris}}, editor = {{Fröber, Kerstin and Abel, Magdalena and Bäuml, Karl-Heinz and Dreisbach, Gesine and Kliegl, Oliver and Köster, Moritz and Lingnau, Angelika and Volberg, Gregor and Götz, Felix J.}}, keywords = {{action preparation, perception, movement planning, deception}}, location = {{ Regensburg }}, pages = {{77}}, title = {{{Try harder! - The influence of effort instructions on fake production costs in basketball novices and experts}}}, year = {{2024}}, } @inproceedings{47630, author = {{Böer, Nils Tobias and Güldenpenning, Iris and Weigelt, Matthias}}, booktitle = {{Abstracts of the 55th Autumn Meeting of Experimental Cognitive Psychology (HExKoP)}}, editor = {{Bogenschütz, Luisa and Fenske, Pia and Ayatollahi, Shabnamalsadat and Hamzeloo, Mohammad and Montoya, Gustavo Adolfo León and Viegas, Lisa and Baess, Pamela and Hackländer, Ryan}}, keywords = {{action preparation, perception, movement planning, deception}}, location = {{Hildesheim}}, pages = {{16--17}}, title = {{{The influence of effort instructions on fake production costs in basketball novices and experts}}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inproceedings{44694, author = {{Böer, Nils Tobias and Weigelt, Matthias and Kunde, Wilfried and Güldenpenning, Iris}}, booktitle = {{Human Performance – Assessment, Intervention & Analysen. Abstractband der 55. Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Sportpsychologie (asp)}}, editor = {{Schott, Nadja and Klotzbier, Thomas and Korbus, Heide and El-Rajab, I. and Holfelder, B. and Park, S-Y.}}, keywords = {{Perception, Action Preparation, Cognition}}, location = {{Stuttgart: Universität Stuttgart}}, pages = {{116--117}}, publisher = {{Universität Stuttgart}}, title = {{{The influence of effort instructions on the production of head fakes in basketball}}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inproceedings{45779, author = {{Böer, Nils Tobias and Weigelt, Matthias and Güldenpenning, Iris}}, booktitle = {{Abstracts of the 65th Conference of Experimental Psychologists (TeaP)}}, editor = {{Merz, Simon and Frings, Christian and Leuchtenberg, Bettina and Moeller, Birte and Mueller, Stefanie and Neumann, Roland and Pastötter, Bernhard and Pingen, Leah and Schui, Gabriel}}, keywords = {{perception, action preparation, movement planning, effort instructions}}, location = {{Trier}}, pages = {{66--67}}, title = {{{The influence of effort instructions on producing head fakes in basketball }}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.12945}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{44529, abstract = {{According to the German Rectors’ Conference (HRK), German higher education teaching fails to meet the demand to integrate competence-oriented learning objectives. Despite a wide-ranging debate on the use of learning objectives, empirical research on their effectiveness is scarce. The present study uses the features of digital teaching platforms to investigate the perception and effectiveness of learning objectives applying a randomised controlled experiment followed by a survey in a course for undergraduate economics students (N = 30). Controlling group preconditions and the treatment effect allows to draw conclusions about the different learning outcomes of the student groups. The specification of behaviour-oriented learning objectives in the online course system leads to significantly better performance in the treatment group. A stronger perception of the learning objectives in the treatment group supports this effect that remains significant in a regression analysis. Thus, the study provides an empirical justification to integrate learning objectives in university teaching.}}, author = {{Auer, Thorsten Fabian}}, issn = {{2199-8825}}, journal = {{die hochschullehre}}, keywords = {{learning objectives, academic performance, perception, teaching methods, experiment}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{662--675}}, title = {{{Die Wirksamkeit von Lernzielen für Studienleistungen – eine experimentelle Studie}}}, doi = {{http://doi.org/10.3278/HSL2248W}}, volume = {{8}}, year = {{2022}}, } @techreport{36060, abstract = {{Merging a sample of 492 merger and acquisition (M&A) announcements from 284 acquiring firms across Europe and North America with data from 5-year single-name credit default swaps (CDSs) written on stock-listed acquiring firms between 2005 and 2018, the paper at hand empirically analyzes the CDS investors’ risk perceptions of M&A announcements using event study methodologies. As a baseline result, we provide evidence for significantly positive cumulative average abnormal CDS spread changes for both, European and North American acquirers suggesting that CDS investors perceive an increase in the acquiring firms’ credit risk exposures due to M&A announcements. Our baseline finding holds under several robustness checks, especially when controlling for the robustness of the empirical design. Moreover, results from a large variety of sensitivity analyses reveal a number of deal and firm characteristics that may explain why CDS investors from our sample expect an increase in the acquirers’ credit risk exposures due to forthcoming M&A transactions. }}, author = {{Hippert, Benjamin and Uhde, André}}, keywords = {{credit default swaps, risk perception of CDS investors, mergers and acquisitions, event study}}, title = {{{CDS Investors’ Risk Perceptions of M&A Announcements}}}, year = {{2021}}, } @article{37155, abstract = {{Artificial intelligence (AI) has moved beyond the planning phase in many organisations and it is often accompanied by uncertainties and fears of job loss among employees. It is crucial to manage employees{\textquoteright} attitudes towards the deployment of an AI-based technology effectively and counteract possible resistance behaviour. We present lessons learned from an industry case where we conducted interviews with affected employees. We evaluated our results with managers across industries and found that that the deployment of AI-based technologies does not differ from other IT, but that the change is perceived differently due to misguided expectations. }}, author = {{Stieglitz, Stefan and Möllmann (Frick), Nicholas R. J. and Mirbabaie, Milad and Hofeditz, Lennart and Ross, Björn}}, issn = {{1477-9064}}, journal = {{International Journal of Management Practice}}, keywords = {{Artificial Intelligence, Change Management, Resistance, AI-Driven Change, AI Deployment, AI Perception}}, publisher = {{Inderscience}}, title = {{{Recommendations for Managing AI-Driven Change Processes: When Expectations Meet Reality}}}, year = {{2021}}, } @techreport{13146, abstract = {{Employing a sample of 492 merger and acquisition (M&A) announcements from 284 acquirers across North America and Europe between 2005 and 2018, this study analyzes the impact of M&A announcements on an acquirers abnormal CDS spread changes. We find that spreads from CDS which are written on acquirers increase by 310 bps during a symmetric five-day event window suggesting that investors expect an increase in the acquirers credit risk exposure due to M&As. Next to this baseline finding, we conduct a large variety of sensitivity analyses to gain more insight into the driving factors of the rising risk perception of CDS investors due to M&A announcements.}}, author = {{Hippert, Benjamin}}, keywords = {{credit default swaps, risk perception of CDS investors, mergers and acquisitions, event study}}, title = {{{The relationship between announcements of complete mergers and acquisitions and acquirers' abnormal CDS spread changes}}}, year = {{2019}}, } @techreport{15392, abstract = {{Employing a sample of 492 merger and acquisition (M&A) announcements from 284 acquirers across North America and Europe between 2005 and 2018, this study analyzes the impact of M&A announcements on an acquirers abnormal CDS spread changes. We nd that spreads from CDS which are written on acquirers increase by 310 bps during a symmetric ve-day event window suggesting that investors expect an increase in the acquirers credit risk exposure due to M&As. Next to this baseline nding, we conduct a large variety of sensitivity analyses to gain more insight into the driving factors of the rising risk perception of CDS investors due to M&A announcements.}}, author = {{Uhde, André and Hippert, Benjamin}}, keywords = {{credit default swaps, risk perception of CDS investors, mergers and acquisitions, event study}}, title = {{{The relationship between announcements of complete mergers and acquisitions and acquirers' abnormal CDS-Spread changes}}}, year = {{2019}}, } @article{6075, abstract = {{For almost three decades, the theory of visual attention (TVA) has been successful in mathematically describing and explaining a wide variety of phenomena in visual selection and recognition with high quantitative precision. Interestingly, the influence of feature contrast on attention has been included in TVA only recently, although it has been extensively studied outside the TVA framework. The present approach further develops this extension of TVA’s scope by measuring and modeling salience. An empirical measure of salience is achieved by linking different (orientation and luminance) contrasts to a TVA parameter. In the modeling part, the function relating feature contrasts to salience is described mathematically and tested against alternatives by Bayesian model comparison. This model comparison reveals that the power function is an appropriate model of salience growth in the dimensions of orientation and luminance contrast. Furthermore, if contrasts from the two dimensions are comb}}, author = {{Krüger, Alexander and Tünnermann, Jan and Scharlau, Ingrid}}, issn = {{1943-3921}}, journal = {{Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics}}, keywords = {{Salience, Visual attention, Bayesian inference, Theory of visual attention, Computational modeling, Inference, Object Recognition, Theories, Visual Perception, Visual Attention, Luminance, Perceptual Orientation, Statistical Probability, Stimulus Salience, Computational Modeling}}, number = {{6}}, pages = {{1593 -- 1614}}, title = {{{Measuring and modeling salience with the theory of visual attention.}}}, doi = {{10.3758/s13414-017-1325-6}}, volume = {{79}}, year = {{2017}}, } @article{4951, abstract = {{Despite the rapid growth and potential of technology-based services, managers' greatest challenges are gaining customer acceptance and increasing usage of these new innovative services. In the B2C field, studies of self-service technology show that perceived risk is an important factor influencing the use of service technology. Though prior research explores different risk types that emerge in consumer settings, risk perception in the B2B setting lacks a detailed examination of different risk types influencing technology-based service adoption. Data from 49 qualitative interviews with providers and customers in two different B2B industries inform this study. The findings emphasize the importance of functional and financial risks in a B2B context and show that business customers' personal and psychological fears hinder their use of technology-based services. Results highlight differences in risk perception and evaluation between customers and providers.}}, author = {{Paluch, Stefanie and Wünderlich, Nancy}}, journal = {{Journal of business Research}}, keywords = {{Risk perception, Technology-based service innovations, Business-to-business context, Interview study, Risk categories, Smart service}}, number = {{7}}, pages = {{2424----2431}}, publisher = {{Elsevier}}, title = {{{Contrasting Risk Perceptions of Technology-Based Service Innovations in Inter-Organizational Settings.}}}, volume = {{69}}, year = {{2016}}, } @article{6080, abstract = {{Peripheral visual cues lead to large shifts in psychometric distributions of temporal-order judgments. In one view, such shifts are attributed to attention speeding up processing of the cued stimulus, so-called prior entry. However, sometimes these shifts are so large that it is unlikely that they are caused by attention alone. Here we tested the prevalent alternative explanation that the cue is sometimes confused with the target on a perceptual level, bolstering the shift of the psychometric function. We applied a novel model of cued temporal-order judgments, derived from Bundesen’s Theory of Visual Attention.We found that cue–target confusions indeed contribute to shifting psychometric functions. However, cue-induced changes in the processing rates of the target stimuli play an important role, too. At smaller cueing intervals, the cue increased the processing speed of the target. At larger intervals, inhibition of return was predominant. Earlier studies of cued TOJs were insensitive}}, author = {{Tünnermann, Jan and Scharlau, Ingrid}}, issn = {{1664-1078}}, journal = {{Frontiers in Psychology}}, keywords = {{cueing, temporal-order judgements, theory of visual attention (TVA), peripheral cue, processing speed, stimulus encoding, prior entry, Attention, Cues, Face Perception, Judgment}}, title = {{{Peripheral visual cues: Their fate in processing and effects on attention and temporal-order perception.}}}, doi = {{10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442}}, volume = {{7}}, year = {{2016}}, } @article{6066, abstract = {{Selective visual attention improves performance in many tasks. Among others, it leads to 'prior entry'—earlier perception of an attended compared to an unattended stimulus. Whether this phenomenon is purely based on an increase of the processing rate of the attended stimulus or if a decrease in the processing rate of the unattended stimulus also contributes to the effect is, up to now, unanswered. Here we describe a novel approach to this question based on Bundesen’s Theory of Visual Attention, which we use to overcome the limitations of earlier prior-entry assessment with temporal order judgments (TOJs) that only allow relative statements regarding the processing speed of attended and unattended stimuli. Prevalent models of prior entry in TOJs either indirectly predict a pure acceleration or cannot model the difference between acceleration and deceleration. In a paradigm that combines a letter-identification task with TOJs, we show that indeed acceleration of the attended and deceler}}, author = {{Tünnermann, Jan and Petersen, Anders and Scharlau, Ingrid}}, issn = {{1534-7362}}, journal = {{Journal of Vision}}, keywords = {{unattended stimuli, attention speed, cognitive processing, Attention, Humans, Judgment, Mental Recall, Visual Perception, Stimulus Parameters, Visual Perception, Visual Attention, Cognitive Processes, Velocity}}, number = {{3}}, title = {{{Does attention speed up processing? Decreases and increases of processing rates in visual prior entry.}}}, doi = {{10.1167/15.3.1}}, volume = {{15}}, year = {{2015}}, } @article{6081, abstract = {{The law of prior entry states that attended objects come to consciousness more quickly than unattended ones. This has been well established in spatial cueing paradigms, where two task-relevant stimuli are presented near-simultaneously at two different locations. Here, we suggest that prior entry also plays a pivotal role in temporal attention paradigms, where stimuli appear at the same location but at distinct moments in time, in rapid serial presentation (RSVP). Specifically, we hypothesize that prior entry can explain temporal order reversals in reporting two targets from RSVP. In support of this, three experiments show that cueing attention toward either of the targets has a strong influence on order errors. We conclude that prior entry provides a viable explanation of the way in which relevant information is prioritized in RSVP. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)}}, author = {{Hilkenmeier, Frederic and Olivers, Christian N. L. and Scharlau, Ingrid}}, issn = {{0096-1523}}, journal = {{Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance}}, keywords = {{attentional blink, attentional enhancement, lag-1 sparing, prior entry, temporal cueing, visual attention, rapid serial presentation, Adolescent, Adult, Attention, Attentional Blink, Color Perception, Cues, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Time Factors, Visual Perception, Young Adult, Cues, Serial Recall, Visual Attention, Eyeblink Reflex}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{180 -- 190}}, title = {{{Prior entry and temporal attention: Cueing affects order errors in RSVP.}}}, volume = {{38}}, year = {{2012}}, } @article{6064, abstract = {{If one of two events is attended to, it will be perceived earlier than a simultaneously occurring unattended event. Since 150 years, this effect has been ascribed to the facilitating influence of attention, also known as prior entry. Yet, the attentional origin of prior-entry effects¹ has been repeatedly doubted. One criticism is that prior-entry effects might be due to biased decision processes that would mimic a temporal advantage for attended stimuli. Although most obvious biases have already been excluded experimentally (e.g. judgment criteria, response compatibility) and prior-entry effects have shown to persist (Shore, Spence, & Klein, 2001), many other biases are conceivable, which makes it difficult to put the debate to an end. Thus, we approach this problem the other way around by asking whether prior-entry effects can be biased voluntarily. Observers were informed about prior entry and instructed to reduce it as far as possible. For this aim they received continuous feedback}}, author = {{Weiß, Katharina and Scharlau, Ingrid}}, issn = {{0001-6918}}, journal = {{Acta Psychologica}}, keywords = {{intentions, events, attention, decision processes, Adult, Attention, Choice Behavior, Cues, Female, Humans, Intention, Judgment, Male, Middle Aged, Reaction Time, Time Perception, Visual Perception, Attention, Decision Making, Experiences (Events), Intention}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{54 -- 64}}, title = {{{At the mercy of prior entry: Prior entry induced by invisible primes is not susceptible to current intentions.}}}, volume = {{139}}, year = {{2012}}, } @article{6085, abstract = {{In three experiments, we tested whether sequentially coding two visual stimuli can create a spatial misperception of a visual moving stimulus. In Experiment 1, we showed that a spatial misperception, the flash-lag effect, is accompanied by a similar temporal misperception of first perceiving the flash and only then a change of the moving stimulus, when in fact the two events were exactly simultaneous. In Experiment 2, we demonstrated that when the spatial misperception of a flash-lag effect is absent, the temporal misperception is also absent. In Experiment 3, we extended these findings and showed that if the stimulus conditions require coding first a flash and subsequently a nearby moving stimulus, a spatial flash-lag effect is found, with the position of the moving stimulus being misperceived as shifted in the direction of its motion, whereas this spatial misperception is reversed so that the moving stimulus is misperceived as shifted in a direction opposite to its motion when the c}}, author = {{Priess, Heinz-Werner and Scharlau, Ingrid and Becker, Stefanie I. and Ansorge, Ulrich}}, issn = {{1943-3921}}, journal = {{Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics}}, keywords = {{spatial mislocalization, sequential coding, stimulus parameters, Attention, Discrimination (Psychology), Humans, Judgment, Motion Perception, Optical Illusions, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Psychophysics, Space Perception, Cognitive Processes, Motion Perception, Perceptual Localization, Spatial Perception, Stimulus Parameters, Consequence}}, number = {{2}}, pages = {{365 -- 378}}, title = {{{Spatial mislocalization as a consequence of sequential coding of stimuli.}}}, volume = {{74}}, year = {{2012}}, } @article{6088, abstract = {{An attended stimulus reduces the perceptual latency of a later stimulus at the same location, leading to the intriguing finding that the perceived order between the two is often reversed. This prior-entry effect has been well established in a number of different cueing paradigms, mostly involving spatial attentional shifts. Here we assess the time-course of prior entry when all stimuli appear in rapid serial presentation at one location. Our findings indicate that the size of the attentional enhancement is strongly affected by the stimulus onset asynchrony between cue and target, with a rapid early peak, followed by decay. When task-irrelevant cues are used, the cueing effect on prior entry is short-lived and peaks as early as 50 ms. The benefit extends to about 100 ms when task-relevant cues are employed. These results fit with a straightforward computational model of transient attentional enhancement, peaking about 80 100 ms after stimulus detection. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 20}}, author = {{Hilkenmeier, Frederic and Scharlau, Ingrid and Weiß, Katharina and Olivers, Christian N. L.}}, issn = {{1350-6285}}, journal = {{Visual Cognition}}, keywords = {{serial visual processing, prior entry dynamics, cueing paradigms, Cues, Visual Perception, Visual Search}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{48 -- 76}}, title = {{{The dynamics of prior entry in serial visual processing.}}}, volume = {{20}}, year = {{2012}}, }