[{"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/Ansorge_Horstmann_Scharlau_ACP_21072011.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2011","title":"Top-down contingent feature-specific orienting with and without awareness of the visual input.","author":[{"full_name":"Ansorge, Ulrich","first_name":"Ulrich","last_name":"Ansorge"},{"full_name":"Horstmann, Gernot","last_name":"Horstmann","first_name":"Gernot"},{"id":"451","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","first_name":"Ingrid","last_name":"Scharlau","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1895-1171"]},"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:15:30Z","intvolume":"         7","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:08:22Z","keyword":["visual input","awareness","conscious","orientation","visual perception","Awareness","Consciousness States","Perceptual Orientation","Visual Perception","Blindsight"],"type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"publication":"Advances in Cognitive Psychology","issue":"2","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In the present article, the role of endogenous feature-specific orienting for conscious and unconscious vision is reviewed. We start with an overview of orienting. We proceed with a review of masking research, and the definition of the criteria of experimental protocols that demonstrate endogenous and exogenous orienting, respectively. Against this background of criteria, we assess studies of unconscious orienting and come to the conclusion that so far studies of unconscious orienting demonstrated endogenous feature-specific orienting. The review closes with a discussion of the role of unconscious orienting in action control. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)"}],"page":"108 - 119","_id":"6091","user_id":"42165","volume":7,"status":"public","oa":"1","citation":{"mla":"Ansorge, Ulrich, et al. “Top-down Contingent Feature-Specific Orienting with and without Awareness of the Visual Input.” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>, vol. 7, no. 2, 2011, pp. 108–19.","ama":"Ansorge U, Horstmann G, Scharlau I. Top-down contingent feature-specific orienting with and without awareness of the visual input. <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>. 2011;7(2):108-119.","bibtex":"@article{Ansorge_Horstmann_Scharlau_2011, title={Top-down contingent feature-specific orienting with and without awareness of the visual input.}, volume={7}, number={2}, journal={Advances in Cognitive Psychology}, author={Ansorge, Ulrich and Horstmann, Gernot and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2011}, pages={108–119} }","apa":"Ansorge, U., Horstmann, G., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2011). Top-down contingent feature-specific orienting with and without awareness of the visual input. <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>, <i>7</i>(2), 108–119.","ieee":"U. Ansorge, G. Horstmann, and I. Scharlau, “Top-down contingent feature-specific orienting with and without awareness of the visual input.,” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 108–119, 2011.","short":"U. Ansorge, G. Horstmann, I. Scharlau, Advances in Cognitive Psychology 7 (2011) 108–119.","chicago":"Ansorge, Ulrich, Gernot Horstmann, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Top-down Contingent Feature-Specific Orienting with and without Awareness of the Visual Input.” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i> 7, no. 2 (2011): 108–19."}},{"issue":"1","publication":"Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"When two targets are presented in rapid succession, the first target (T1) is usually identified, but the second target (T2) is often missed. A remarkable exception to this 'attentional blink' occurs when T2 immediately follows the first T1, at lag 1. It is then often spared but reported in the wrong order—that is, before T1. These order reversals have led to the hypothesis that 'lag 1 sparing' occurs because the two targets merge into a single episodic representation. Here, we report evidence consistent with an alternative theory: T2 receives more attention than T1, leading to prior entry into working memory. Two experiments showed that the more T2 performance exceeded that for T1, the more order reversals were made. Furthermore, precuing T1 led to a shift in performance benefits from T2 to T1 and to an equivalent reduction in order reversals. We conclude that it is not necessary to assume episodic integration to explain lag 1 sparing or the accompanying order reversals. (PsycINFO Dat"}],"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:06:31Z","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"type":"journal_article","keyword":["attentional blink","order reversals","prior entry","working memory","visual attention","attentional performance","Adolescent","Adult","Attention","Attentional Blink","Color Perception","Cues","Discrimination (Psychology)","Female","Humans","Male","Memory","Short-Term","Pattern Recognition","Visual","Psychophysics","Reaction Time","Reversal Learning","Sensory Gating","Serial Learning","Young Adult","Eyeblink Reflex","Stimulus Change","Stimulus Parameters","Visual Attention","Attentional Blink","Short Term Memory"],"author":[{"full_name":"Olivers, Christian N. L.","last_name":"Olivers","first_name":"Christian N. L."},{"full_name":"Hilkenmeier, Frederic","first_name":"Frederic","last_name":"Hilkenmeier"},{"id":"451","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","first_name":"Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1943-3921"]},"title":"Prior entry explains order reversals in the attentional blink.","year":"2011","intvolume":"        73","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:16:50Z","publication_status":"published","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/Olivers_etal__2011__AP_PProofs.pdf"}],"citation":{"short":"C.N.L. Olivers, F. Hilkenmeier, I. Scharlau, Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics 73 (2011) 53–67.","chicago":"Olivers, Christian N. L., Frederic Hilkenmeier, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Prior Entry Explains Order Reversals in the Attentional Blink.” <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i> 73, no. 1 (2011): 53–67.","apa":"Olivers, C. N. L., Hilkenmeier, F., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2011). Prior entry explains order reversals in the attentional blink. <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i>, <i>73</i>(1), 53–67.","ieee":"C. N. L. Olivers, F. Hilkenmeier, and I. Scharlau, “Prior entry explains order reversals in the attentional blink.,” <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i>, vol. 73, no. 1, pp. 53–67, 2011.","ama":"Olivers CNL, Hilkenmeier F, Scharlau I. Prior entry explains order reversals in the attentional blink. <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i>. 2011;73(1):53-67.","bibtex":"@article{Olivers_Hilkenmeier_Scharlau_2011, title={Prior entry explains order reversals in the attentional blink.}, volume={73}, number={1}, journal={Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics}, author={Olivers, Christian N. L. and Hilkenmeier, Frederic and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2011}, pages={53–67} }","mla":"Olivers, Christian N. L., et al. “Prior Entry Explains Order Reversals in the Attentional Blink.” <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i>, vol. 73, no. 1, 2011, pp. 53–67."},"oa":"1","status":"public","funded_apc":"1","_id":"6082","page":"53 - 67","volume":73,"user_id":"42165"},{"status":"public","volume":64,"user_id":"42165","_id":"6084","funded_apc":"1","page":"394 - 416","citation":{"ieee":"K. Weiß and I. Scharlau, “Simultaneity and temporal order perception: Different sides of the same coin? Evidence from a visual prior-entry study.,” <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology</i>, vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 394–416, 2011.","mla":"Weiß, Katharina, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Simultaneity and Temporal Order Perception: Different Sides of the Same Coin? Evidence from a Visual Prior-Entry Study.” <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology</i>, vol. 64, no. 2, 2011, pp. 394–416.","apa":"Weiß, K., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2011). Simultaneity and temporal order perception: Different sides of the same coin? Evidence from a visual prior-entry study. <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology</i>, <i>64</i>(2), 394–416.","bibtex":"@article{Weiß_Scharlau_2011, title={Simultaneity and temporal order perception: Different sides of the same coin? Evidence from a visual prior-entry study.}, volume={64}, number={2}, journal={The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology}, author={Weiß, Katharina and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2011}, pages={394–416} }","chicago":"Weiß, Katharina, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Simultaneity and Temporal Order Perception: Different Sides of the Same Coin? Evidence from a Visual Prior-Entry Study.” <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology</i> 64, no. 2 (2011): 394–416.","short":"K. Weiß, I. Scharlau, The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 64 (2011) 394–416.","ama":"Weiß K, Scharlau I. Simultaneity and temporal order perception: Different sides of the same coin? Evidence from a visual prior-entry study. <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology</i>. 2011;64(2):394-416."},"oa":"1","intvolume":"        64","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:17:26Z","author":[{"full_name":"Weiß, Katharina","last_name":"Weiß","first_name":"Katharina"},{"full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau","first_name":"Ingrid","id":"451"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1747-0218"]},"title":"Simultaneity and temporal order perception: Different sides of the same coin? Evidence from a visual prior-entry study.","year":"2011","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/WeissScharlau2010.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Attended stimuli are perceived as occurring earlier than unattended stimuli. This phenomenon of prior entry is usually identified by a shift in the point of subjective simultaneity (PSS) in temporal order judgements (TOJs). According to its traditional psychophysical interpretation, the PSS coincides with the perception of simultaneity. This assumption is, however, questionable. Technically, the PSS represents the temporal interval between two stimuli at which the two alternative TOJs are equally likely. Thus it also seems possible that observers perceive not simultaneity, but uncertainty of temporal order. This possibility is supported by prior-entry studies, which find that perception of simultaneity is not very likely at the PSS. The present study tested the percept at the PSS in prior entry, using peripheral cues to orient attention. We found that manipulating attention caused varying temporal perceptions around the PSS. On some occasions observers perceived the two stimuli as sim","lang":"eng"}],"issue":"2","publication":"The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"keyword":["temporal order perception","simultaneity","temporal order judgment","attention","visual perception","Adolescent","Adult","Attention","Cues","Discrimination (Psychology)","Female","Humans","Judgment","Male","Models","Psychological","Photic Stimulation","Reaction Time","Time Factors","Uncertainty","Visual Perception","Young Adult","Attention","Judgment","Stimulus Similarity","Time Perception","Visual Discrimination","Temporal Order (Judgment)"],"type":"journal_article","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:06:56Z"},{"publication":"Perception","issue":"10","abstract":[{"text":"Implicit change detection demonstrates how the visual system can benefit from stored information that is not immediately available to conscious awareness. We investigated the role of motor action in this context. In the first two experiments, using a one-shot implicit change detection paradigm, participants responded to unperceived changes either with an action (jabbing the screen at the guessed location of a change) or with words (verbal report), and sat either 60 cm or 300 cm (with a laser pointer) away from the display. Our observers guessed the locations of changes at a reachable distance better with an action than with a verbal judgment. At 300 cm, beyond reach, the motor advantage disappeared. In experiment 3, this advantage was also unavailable when participants sat at a reachable distance but responded with hand-held laser pointers near their bodies. We conclude that a motor system specialized for real-time visually guided behavior has access to additional visual information. ","lang":"eng"}],"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:02:19Z","keyword":["implicit change detection","action perception","visual system","perceptual judgment","verbal fluency","Analysis of Variance","Awareness","Female","Humans","Male","Psychomotor Performance","Random Allocation","Reaction Time","Visual Perception","Visual Memory","Visual Stimulation","Implicit Memory","Judgment","Perceptual Discrimination"],"type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"year":"2010","title":"Enhancing implicit change detection through action.","author":[{"first_name":"Philip","last_name":"Tseng","full_name":"Tseng, Philip"},{"first_name":"Jan","last_name":"Tuennermann","full_name":"Tuennermann, Jan"},{"full_name":"Roker-Knight, Nancy","first_name":"Nancy","last_name":"Roker-Knight"},{"full_name":"Winter, Dorina","first_name":"Dorina","last_name":"Winter"},{"id":"451","last_name":"Scharlau","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","first_name":"Ingrid","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid"},{"full_name":"Bridgeman, Bruce","first_name":"Bruce","last_name":"Bridgeman"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0301-0066"]},"date_updated":"2022-06-06T16:47:26Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"        39","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"citation":{"ieee":"P. Tseng, J. Tuennermann, N. Roker-Knight, D. Winter, I. Scharlau, and B. Bridgeman, “Enhancing implicit change detection through action.,” <i>Perception</i>, vol. 39, no. 10, pp. 1311–1321, 2010.","apa":"Tseng, P., Tuennermann, J., Roker-Knight, N., Winter, D., Scharlau, I., &#38; Bridgeman, B. (2010). Enhancing implicit change detection through action. <i>Perception</i>, <i>39</i>(10), 1311–1321.","mla":"Tseng, Philip, et al. “Enhancing Implicit Change Detection through Action.” <i>Perception</i>, vol. 39, no. 10, 2010, pp. 1311–21.","bibtex":"@article{Tseng_Tuennermann_Roker-Knight_Winter_Scharlau_Bridgeman_2010, title={Enhancing implicit change detection through action.}, volume={39}, number={10}, journal={Perception}, author={Tseng, Philip and Tuennermann, Jan and Roker-Knight, Nancy and Winter, Dorina and Scharlau, Ingrid and Bridgeman, Bruce}, year={2010}, pages={1311–1321} }","ama":"Tseng P, Tuennermann J, Roker-Knight N, Winter D, Scharlau I, Bridgeman B. Enhancing implicit change detection through action. <i>Perception</i>. 2010;39(10):1311-1321.","short":"P. Tseng, J. Tuennermann, N. Roker-Knight, D. Winter, I. Scharlau, B. Bridgeman, Perception 39 (2010) 1311–1321.","chicago":"Tseng, Philip, Jan Tuennermann, Nancy Roker-Knight, Dorina Winter, Ingrid Scharlau, and Bruce Bridgeman. “Enhancing Implicit Change Detection through Action.” <i>Perception</i> 39, no. 10 (2010): 1311–21."},"status":"public","page":"1311 - 1321","_id":"6067","user_id":"42165","volume":39},{"user_id":"42165","volume":135,"page":"123 - 126","_id":"6090","status":"public","oa":"1","citation":{"chicago":"Ansorge, Ulrich, Gernot Horstmann, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Top–down Contingent Attentional Capture during Feed-Forward Visual Processing.” <i>Acta Psychologica</i> 135, no. 2 (2010): 123–26.","short":"U. Ansorge, G. Horstmann, I. Scharlau, Acta Psychologica 135 (2010) 123–126.","ama":"Ansorge U, Horstmann G, Scharlau I. Top–down contingent attentional capture during feed-forward visual processing. <i>Acta Psychologica</i>. 2010;135(2):123-126.","bibtex":"@article{Ansorge_Horstmann_Scharlau_2010, title={Top–down contingent attentional capture during feed-forward visual processing.}, volume={135}, number={2}, journal={Acta Psychologica}, author={Ansorge, Ulrich and Horstmann, Gernot and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2010}, pages={123–126} }","mla":"Ansorge, Ulrich, et al. “Top–down Contingent Attentional Capture during Feed-Forward Visual Processing.” <i>Acta Psychologica</i>, vol. 135, no. 2, 2010, pp. 123–26.","apa":"Ansorge, U., Horstmann, G., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2010). Top–down contingent attentional capture during feed-forward visual processing. <i>Acta Psychologica</i>, <i>135</i>(2), 123–126.","ieee":"U. Ansorge, G. Horstmann, and I. Scharlau, “Top–down contingent attentional capture during feed-forward visual processing.,” <i>Acta Psychologica</i>, vol. 135, no. 2, pp. 123–126, 2010."},"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/AHSActa2011.pdf"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:17:51Z","intvolume":"       135","year":"2010","title":"Top–down contingent attentional capture during feed-forward visual processing.","author":[{"full_name":"Ansorge, Ulrich","first_name":"Ulrich","last_name":"Ansorge"},{"full_name":"Horstmann, Gernot","last_name":"Horstmann","first_name":"Gernot"},{"id":"451","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","last_name":"Scharlau","first_name":"Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0001-6918"]},"type":"journal_article","keyword":["visual selection","attention","information","visual field","brain","Attention","Humans","Models","Psychological","Visual Perception","Volition","Brain","Visual Field","Visual Perception","Visual Attention","Information"],"department":[{"_id":"424"}],"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:08:08Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Comments on an article by Jan Theeuwes (see record [rid]2010-20897-002[/rid]). Theeuwes summarizes an impressive number of studies demonstrating interference by irrelevant visual singletons in computer experiments with humans. Theeuwes assumes that this salience-driven capture of attention is fast and occurs within 150 ms since singleton onset, during the feed-forward phase of visual processing. In contrast to Theeuwes, we think that top–down contingent capture is the rule and explains initial and fast attention capture effects in the first feed-forward phase of visual processing. During a later phase and under some conditions exogenous capture of attention possibly follows. At the same time, we propose that the evidence presented by Theeuwes fails to support exogenous orienting because it fails to exclude a top–down contingent capture explanation. We present our arguments in two sections. One major source of evidence for top–down controlled attentional capture during the feed-forward"}],"publication":"Acta Psychologica","issue":"2"},{"date_created":"2021-12-15T12:53:50Z","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"type":"journal_article","keyword":["visuo-spatial attention","prior entry","selection for action","selection for perception"],"citation":{"apa":"Weiß, K., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2009). Attention Speeds Up Visual Information Processing: Selection for Perception or Selection for Action? <i>KI 2009: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Artificial Intelligence.</i>","ieee":"K. Weiß and I. Scharlau, “Attention Speeds Up Visual Information Processing: Selection for Perception or Selection for Action?,” <i>KI 2009: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Artificial Intelligence.</i>, 2009.","chicago":"Weiß, Katharina, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Attention Speeds Up Visual Information Processing: Selection for Perception or Selection for Action?” <i>KI 2009: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Artificial Intelligence.</i>, 2009.","short":"K. Weiß, I. Scharlau, KI 2009: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Artificial Intelligence. (2009).","mla":"Weiß, Katharina, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Attention Speeds Up Visual Information Processing: Selection for Perception or Selection for Action?” <i>KI 2009: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Artificial Intelligence.</i>, 2009.","ama":"Weiß K, Scharlau I. Attention Speeds Up Visual Information Processing: Selection for Perception or Selection for Action? <i>KI 2009: Advances in Artificial Intelligence Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Artificial Intelligence</i>. Published online 2009.","bibtex":"@article{Weiß_Scharlau_2009, title={Attention Speeds Up Visual Information Processing: Selection for Perception or Selection for Action?}, journal={KI 2009: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Artificial Intelligence.}, author={Weiß, Katharina and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2009} }"},"publication":"KI 2009: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Artificial Intelligence.","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Attention speeds up information processing. Although this finding has a long history in experimental psychology, it has found less regard in computational models of visual attention. In psychological research, two frameworks explain the function of attention.Selection for perception emphasizes that perception- or consciousness-related processing presupposes selection of relevant information, whereas selection for action emphasizes that action constraints make selection necessary. In the present study, we ask whether or how far attention, as measured by the speed-up of information processing, is based on selection for perception or selection for action. The accelerating effect was primarily based on selection for perception, but there was also a substantial effect of selection for action."}],"_id":"28955","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"funded_apc":"1","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/Attention_speeds_up_visual_information_processing4.pdf"}],"user_id":"42165","author":[{"full_name":"Weiß, Katharina","first_name":"Katharina","last_name":"Weiß"},{"id":"451","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","last_name":"Scharlau","first_name":"Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489"}],"status":"public","year":"2009","title":"Attention Speeds Up Visual Information Processing: Selection for Perception or Selection for Action?","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:19:30Z"},{"oa":"1","citation":{"ama":"Scharlau I. Temporal processes in prime-mask interaction: Assessing perceptual consequences of masked information. <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>. 2007;3(1-2):241-255.","bibtex":"@article{Scharlau_2007, title={Temporal processes in prime-mask interaction: Assessing perceptual consequences of masked information.}, volume={3}, number={1–2}, journal={Advances in Cognitive Psychology}, author={Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2007}, pages={241–255} }","mla":"Scharlau, Ingrid. “Temporal Processes in Prime-Mask Interaction: Assessing Perceptual Consequences of Masked Information.” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>, vol. 3, no. 1–2, 2007, pp. 241–55.","short":"I. Scharlau, Advances in Cognitive Psychology 3 (2007) 241–255.","chicago":"Scharlau, Ingrid. “Temporal Processes in Prime-Mask Interaction: Assessing Perceptual Consequences of Masked Information.” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i> 3, no. 1–2 (2007): 241–55.","apa":"Scharlau, I. (2007). Temporal processes in prime-mask interaction: Assessing perceptual consequences of masked information. <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>, <i>3</i>(1–2), 241–255.","ieee":"I. Scharlau, “Temporal processes in prime-mask interaction: Assessing perceptual consequences of masked information.,” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>, vol. 3, no. 1–2, pp. 241–255, 2007."},"page":"241 - 255","_id":"6087","user_id":"42165","volume":3,"status":"public","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:07:33Z","keyword":["temporal processes","prime mask interaction","perceptual consequences","masked information","visual backward masking","visual perception","Temporal Lobe","Visual Masking","Visual Perception","Consequence"],"type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"publication":"Advances in Cognitive Psychology","issue":"1-2","extern":"1","abstract":[{"text":"Visual backward masking is frequently used to study the temporal dynamics of visual perception. These dynamics may include the temporal features of conscious percepts, as suggested, for instance, by the asynchronous-updating model (Neumann, 1982) and perceptual-retouch theory (Bachmann, 1994). These models predict that the perceptual latency of a visual backward mask is shorter than that of a like reference stimulus that was not preceded by a masked stimulus. The prediction has been confirmed by studies using temporal-order judgments: For certain asynchronies between mask and reference stimulus, temporal-order reversals are quite frequent (e.g. Scharlau, & Neumann, 2003a). However, it may be argued that these reversals were due to a response bias in favour of the mask rather than true temporal-perceptual effects. I introduce two measures for assessing latency effects that (1) are not prone to such a response bias, (2) allow to quantify the latency gain, and (3) extend the perceptual e","lang":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://ac-psych.org/index.php/en/issues/volume/3/issue/1#art43","open_access":"1"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2007","title":"Temporal processes in prime-mask interaction: Assessing perceptual consequences of masked information.","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1895-1171"]},"author":[{"first_name":"Ingrid","last_name":"Scharlau","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","id":"451"}],"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:13:52Z","intvolume":"         3"},{"status":"public","page":"667 - 677","_id":"6070","user_id":"42165","volume":71,"citation":{"apa":"Neumann, O., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2007). Experiments on the Fehrer-Raab effect and the “Weather Station Model” of visual backward masking. <i>Psychological Research</i>, <i>71</i>(6), 667–677.","mla":"Neumann, Odmar, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Experiments on the Fehrer-Raab Effect and the ‘Weather Station Model’ of Visual Backward Masking.” <i>Psychological Research</i>, vol. 71, no. 6, 2007, pp. 667–77.","ieee":"O. Neumann and I. Scharlau, “Experiments on the Fehrer-Raab effect and the ‘Weather Station Model’ of visual backward masking.,” <i>Psychological Research</i>, vol. 71, no. 6, pp. 667–677, 2007.","chicago":"Neumann, Odmar, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Experiments on the Fehrer-Raab Effect and the ‘Weather Station Model’ of Visual Backward Masking.” <i>Psychological Research</i> 71, no. 6 (2007): 667–77.","short":"O. Neumann, I. Scharlau, Psychological Research 71 (2007) 667–677.","ama":"Neumann O, Scharlau I. Experiments on the Fehrer-Raab effect and the “Weather Station Model” of visual backward masking. <i>Psychological Research</i>. 2007;71(6):667-677.","bibtex":"@article{Neumann_Scharlau_2007, title={Experiments on the Fehrer-Raab effect and the “Weather Station Model” of visual backward masking.}, volume={71}, number={6}, journal={Psychological Research}, author={Neumann, Odmar and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2007}, pages={667–677} }"},"oa":"1","year":"2007","title":"Experiments on the Fehrer-Raab effect and the 'Weather Station Model' of visual backward masking.","author":[{"full_name":"Neumann, Odmar","first_name":"Odmar","last_name":"Neumann"},{"id":"451","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau","first_name":"Ingrid","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0340-0727"]},"date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:19:52Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"        71","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/NeumannScharlau2006A.pdf"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"6","publication":"Psychological Research","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The Fehrer-Raab effect (simple reaction time is unaffected by metacontrast masking of the test stimulus) seems to imply that a stimulus can trigger a voluntary reaction without reaching a conscious representation. However, it is also possible that the mask triggers the reaction, and that the masked test stimulus causes a focussing of attention from which processing of the mask profits, thus reaching conscious representation earlier. This is predicted by the Weather Station Model of visual masking. Three experiments tested this explanation. Experiment 1 showed that the masked test stimulus caused a temporal shift of the mask. Experiment 2 showed that the reaction in the Fehrer-Raab effect was not exclusively triggered by a conscious representation of the test stimulus: the mask was involved in evoking the reaction. Experiment 3 again revealed a temporal shift of the mask. However, the shift was only about half as large as the Fehrer-Raab effect. The psychometric functions suggested tha"}],"extern":"1","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:04:01Z","keyword":["Fehrer-Raab effect","Weather Station Model","visual backward masking","reaction time","metacontrast masking","conscious representation","Cognition","Humans","Perceptual Masking","Pilot Projects","Psychology","Experimental","Psychometrics","Reaction Time","Visual Perception","Models","Reaction Time","Visual Contrast","Visual Masking"],"type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"424"}]},{"title":"Visual attention and the mechanism of metacontrast.","year":"2007","author":[{"full_name":"Neumann, Odmar","first_name":"Odmar","last_name":"Neumann"},{"full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","first_name":"Ingrid","last_name":"Scharlau","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","id":"451"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0340-0727"]},"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:20:12Z","intvolume":"        71","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/NeumannScharlau2006VisualAttentionandMetscontrast.pdf"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Psychological Research","issue":"6","extern":"1","abstract":[{"text":"The U-shaped metacontrast function may result from the superimposition of two monotonic components which reflect the effects of mechanisms similar to the peripheral and central processes suggested for backward pattern masking by Turvey (Psychol Rev 80:1-52, 1973). In an experiment using the disc-ring paradigm, it was demonstrated that the decreasing and increasing branches of the metacontrast function are differently affected by the exposure duration of the mask and a task-irrelevant stimulus (distractor) appearing in the contralateral visual hemifield. The phenomenal representation of masking is different for the two parts of the curve. It is suggested that masking in the second part of the masking function, but not in the first, is related to the control of visual attention. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)","lang":"eng"}],"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:08:43Z","type":"journal_article","keyword":["visual attention","metacontrast","backward pattern masking","monotonic components superimposition","Attention","Contrast Sensitivity","Humans","Judgment","Perceptual Masking","Visual Perception","Metacognition","Visual Contrast","Visual Attention","Visual Masking"],"department":[{"_id":"424"}],"status":"public","page":"626 - 633","_id":"6093","user_id":"42165","volume":71,"citation":{"ama":"Neumann O, Scharlau I. Visual attention and the mechanism of metacontrast. <i>Psychological Research</i>. 2007;71(6):626-633.","bibtex":"@article{Neumann_Scharlau_2007, title={Visual attention and the mechanism of metacontrast.}, volume={71}, number={6}, journal={Psychological Research}, author={Neumann, Odmar and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2007}, pages={626–633} }","mla":"Neumann, Odmar, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Visual Attention and the Mechanism of Metacontrast.” <i>Psychological Research</i>, vol. 71, no. 6, 2007, pp. 626–33.","short":"O. Neumann, I. Scharlau, Psychological Research 71 (2007) 626–633.","chicago":"Neumann, Odmar, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Visual Attention and the Mechanism of Metacontrast.” <i>Psychological Research</i> 71, no. 6 (2007): 626–33.","apa":"Neumann, O., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2007). Visual attention and the mechanism of metacontrast. <i>Psychological Research</i>, <i>71</i>(6), 626–633.","ieee":"O. Neumann and I. Scharlau, “Visual attention and the mechanism of metacontrast.,” <i>Psychological Research</i>, vol. 71, no. 6, pp. 626–633, 2007."},"oa":"1"},{"user_id":"42165","volume":71,"page":"678 - 686","_id":"6079","status":"public","oa":"1","citation":{"chicago":"Scharlau, Ingrid. “Perceptual Latency Priming: A Measure of Attentional Facilitation.” <i>Psychological Research</i> 71, no. 6 (2007): 678–86.","ama":"Scharlau I. Perceptual latency priming: A measure of attentional facilitation. <i>Psychological Research</i>. 2007;71(6):678-686.","short":"I. Scharlau, Psychological Research 71 (2007) 678–686.","bibtex":"@article{Scharlau_2007, title={Perceptual latency priming: A measure of attentional facilitation.}, volume={71}, number={6}, journal={Psychological Research}, author={Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2007}, pages={678–686} }","apa":"Scharlau, I. (2007). Perceptual latency priming: A measure of attentional facilitation. <i>Psychological Research</i>, <i>71</i>(6), 678–686.","mla":"Scharlau, Ingrid. “Perceptual Latency Priming: A Measure of Attentional Facilitation.” <i>Psychological Research</i>, vol. 71, no. 6, 2007, pp. 678–86.","ieee":"I. Scharlau, “Perceptual latency priming: A measure of attentional facilitation.,” <i>Psychological Research</i>, vol. 71, no. 6, pp. 678–686, 2007."},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/Scharlau2006PsychResPLP.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:20:49Z","intvolume":"        71","year":"2007","title":"Perceptual latency priming: A measure of attentional facilitation.","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0340-0727"]},"author":[{"first_name":"Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","id":"451"}],"type":"journal_article","keyword":["perceptual latency priming","attentional facilitation","visuospatial attention","visual backward masking","prior entry","Attention","Humans","Judgment","Reaction Time","Space Perception","Attention","Priming","Response Latency","Visual Masking","Visuospatial Ability"],"department":[{"_id":"424"}],"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:05:56Z","extern":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The present paper reviews recent research on perceptual latency priming (PLP). PLP is the relative latency advantage--earlier perception--of a visual stimulus that is preceded by another, masked stimulus at its location. The first stimulus attracts attention which accelerates perception of the second stimulus. This facilitation arises even if the first stimulus is visually backward-masked by the second one. The paper summarises research on temporal and spatial properties of PLP and the question whether intentions mediate shifts of attention to external events. Possible sources of PLP besides visuo-spatial attention are discussed. Finally, I give a review of feedforward and reentrant models of PLP and compare them to the empirical evidence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)"}],"issue":"6","publication":"Psychological Research"},{"citation":{"bibtex":"@article{Scharlau_Ansorge_Breitmeyer_2006, title={Trends and styles in visual masking.}, volume={2}, number={1}, journal={Advances in Cognitive Psychology}, author={Scharlau, Ingrid and Ansorge, Ulrich and Breitmeyer, Bruno G.}, year={2006}, pages={1–5} }","ama":"Scharlau I, Ansorge U, Breitmeyer BG. Trends and styles in visual masking. <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>. 2006;2(1):1-5.","mla":"Scharlau, Ingrid, et al. “Trends and Styles in Visual Masking.” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>, vol. 2, no. 1, 2006, pp. 1–5.","chicago":"Scharlau, Ingrid, Ulrich Ansorge, and Bruno G. Breitmeyer. “Trends and Styles in Visual Masking.” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i> 2, no. 1 (2006): 1–5.","short":"I. Scharlau, U. Ansorge, B.G. Breitmeyer, Advances in Cognitive Psychology 2 (2006) 1–5.","ieee":"I. Scharlau, U. Ansorge, and B. G. Breitmeyer, “Trends and styles in visual masking.,” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–5, 2006.","apa":"Scharlau, I., Ansorge, U., &#38; Breitmeyer, B. G. (2006). Trends and styles in visual masking. <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>, <i>2</i>(1), 1–5."},"status":"public","user_id":"42165","volume":2,"page":"1 - 5","_id":"6092","extern":"1","abstract":[{"text":"The topic of the present edition is visual masking paradigms-as powerful tool for demonstrating the processing of nonconscious visual information. In the present issue one article presents an improved methodology for disentangling perceptual and temporal influences in markers. Another paper demonstrates that preemptive control, or DPS, mediates the allocation of attention towards possible targets. One of the contributions specify conditions under which DPS-like effects are found as opposed to conditions under which stimulus-driven effects are found. A study of two illusions which the prime may cause in a trailing stimulus, a temporal pre-dating of the mask and a perception of motion in later stimuli adjacent to the prime is presented in the issue. Another contribution addresses how the percept of a stimulus is altered by a temporal and spatial interplay of two backward masks or of one forward mask and two backwards masks. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)","lang":"eng"}],"issue":"1","publication":"Advances in Cognitive Psychology","keyword":["visual masking","visual information","attention","stimulus-driven effects","motion perception","Attention","Illusions (Perception)","Motion Perception","Visual Masking"],"type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:08:33Z","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2022-06-06T20:08:22Z","intvolume":"         2","title":"Trends and styles in visual masking.","year":"2006","author":[{"id":"451","first_name":"Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid"},{"full_name":"Ansorge, Ulrich","first_name":"Ulrich","last_name":"Ansorge"},{"first_name":"Bruno G.","last_name":"Breitmeyer","full_name":"Breitmeyer, Bruno G."}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1895-1171"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"type":"journal_article","keyword":["latency facilitation","temporal order judgments","visual processing","priming","conscious perception","visual mask","Adult","Attention","Female","Humans","Judgment","Male","Perceptual Masking","Reaction Time","Space Perception","Time Perception","Visual Perception","Consciousness States","Judgment","Priming","Visual Masking","Temporal Order (Judgment)"],"department":[{"_id":"424"}],"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:04:39Z","extern":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The paper is concerned with two models of early visual processing which predict that priming of a visual mask by a preceding masked stimulus speeds up conscious perception of the mask (perceptual latency priming). One model ascribes this speed-up to facilitation by visuo-spatial attention [Scharlau, I., & Neumann, O. (2003a). Perceptual latency priming by masked and unmasked stimuli: Evidence for an attentional explanation. Psychological Research 67, 184-197], the other attributes it to nonspecific upgrading mediated by retino-thalamic and thalamo-cortical pathways [Bachmann, T. (1994). Psychophysiology of visual masking: The fine structure of conscious experience. Commack, NY: Nova Science Publishers]. The models make different predictions about the time course of perceptual latency priming. Four experiments test these predictions. The results provide more support for the attentional than for the upgrading model. The experiments further demonstrate that testing latency facilitation w"}],"publication":"Acta Psychologica","issue":"2","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/ScharlauAnsorgeHorstmann2006TimeCourse.pdf"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:24:32Z","intvolume":"       122","year":"2006","title":"Latency facilitation in temporal-order judgments: Time course of facilitation as a function of judgment type.","author":[{"full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","first_name":"Ingrid","last_name":"Scharlau","id":"451"},{"full_name":"Ansorge, Ulrich","first_name":"Ulrich","last_name":"Ansorge"},{"full_name":"Horstmann, Gernot","first_name":"Gernot","last_name":"Horstmann"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0001-6918"]},"oa":"1","citation":{"bibtex":"@article{Scharlau_Ansorge_Horstmann_2006, title={Latency facilitation in temporal-order judgments: Time course of facilitation as a function of judgment type.}, volume={122}, number={2}, journal={Acta Psychologica}, author={Scharlau, Ingrid and Ansorge, Ulrich and Horstmann, Gernot}, year={2006}, pages={129–159} }","ama":"Scharlau I, Ansorge U, Horstmann G. Latency facilitation in temporal-order judgments: Time course of facilitation as a function of judgment type. <i>Acta Psychologica</i>. 2006;122(2):129-159.","mla":"Scharlau, Ingrid, et al. “Latency Facilitation in Temporal-Order Judgments: Time Course of Facilitation as a Function of Judgment Type.” <i>Acta Psychologica</i>, vol. 122, no. 2, 2006, pp. 129–59.","short":"I. Scharlau, U. Ansorge, G. Horstmann, Acta Psychologica 122 (2006) 129–159.","chicago":"Scharlau, Ingrid, Ulrich Ansorge, and Gernot Horstmann. “Latency Facilitation in Temporal-Order Judgments: Time Course of Facilitation as a Function of Judgment Type.” <i>Acta Psychologica</i> 122, no. 2 (2006): 129–59.","ieee":"I. Scharlau, U. Ansorge, and G. Horstmann, “Latency facilitation in temporal-order judgments: Time course of facilitation as a function of judgment type.,” <i>Acta Psychologica</i>, vol. 122, no. 2, pp. 129–159, 2006.","apa":"Scharlau, I., Ansorge, U., &#38; Horstmann, G. (2006). Latency facilitation in temporal-order judgments: Time course of facilitation as a function of judgment type. <i>Acta Psychologica</i>, <i>122</i>(2), 129–159."},"user_id":"42165","volume":122,"page":"129 - 159","_id":"6073","status":"public"},{"citation":{"short":"G. Horstmann, I. Scharlau, U. Ansorge, Psychonomic Bulletin &#38; Review 13 (2006) 1067–1073.","chicago":"Horstmann, Gernot, Ingrid Scharlau, and Ulrich Ansorge. “More Efficient Rejection of Happy than of Angry Face Distractors in Visual Search.” <i>Psychonomic Bulletin &#38; Review</i> 13, no. 6 (2006): 1067–73.","ieee":"G. Horstmann, I. Scharlau, and U. Ansorge, “More efficient rejection of happy than of angry face distractors in visual search.,” <i>Psychonomic Bulletin &#38; Review</i>, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 1067–1073, 2006.","apa":"Horstmann, G., Scharlau, I., &#38; Ansorge, U. (2006). More efficient rejection of happy than of angry face distractors in visual search. <i>Psychonomic Bulletin &#38; Review</i>, <i>13</i>(6), 1067–1073.","bibtex":"@article{Horstmann_Scharlau_Ansorge_2006, title={More efficient rejection of happy than of angry face distractors in visual search.}, volume={13}, number={6}, journal={Psychonomic Bulletin &#38; Review}, author={Horstmann, Gernot and Scharlau, Ingrid and Ansorge, Ulrich}, year={2006}, pages={1067–1073} }","ama":"Horstmann G, Scharlau I, Ansorge U. More efficient rejection of happy than of angry face distractors in visual search. <i>Psychonomic Bulletin &#38; Review</i>. 2006;13(6):1067-1073.","mla":"Horstmann, Gernot, et al. “More Efficient Rejection of Happy than of Angry Face Distractors in Visual Search.” <i>Psychonomic Bulletin &#38; Review</i>, vol. 13, no. 6, 2006, pp. 1067–73."},"oa":"1","status":"public","user_id":"42165","volume":13,"page":"1067 - 1073","_id":"6076","abstract":[{"text":"In the present study, we examined whether the detection advantage for negative-face targets in crowds of positive-face distractors over positive-face targets in crowds of negative faces can be explained by differentially efficient distractor rejection. Search Condition A demonstrated more efficient distractor rejection with negative-face targets in positive-face crowds than vice versa. Search Condition B showed that target identity alone is not sufficient to account for this effect, because there was no difference in processing efficiency for positive- and negative-face targets within neutral crowds. Search Condition C showed differentially efficient processing with neutral-face targets among positive- or negative-face distractors. These results were obtained with both a within-participants (Experiment 1) and a between-participants (Experiment 2) design. The pattern of results is consistent with the assumption that efficient rejection of positive (more homogenous) distractors is an im","lang":"eng"}],"extern":"1","publication":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","issue":"6","keyword":["angry face distractors","visual search","negative face distractors","Adult","Anger","Attention","Face","Female","Happiness","Humans","Male","Rejection (Psychology)","Visual Perception","Distraction","Face Perception","Visual Perception","Visual Search"],"type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:05:19Z","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:23:43Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"        13","year":"2006","title":"More efficient rejection of happy than of angry face distractors in visual search.","author":[{"full_name":"Horstmann, Gernot","first_name":"Gernot","last_name":"Horstmann"},{"full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","last_name":"Scharlau","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","first_name":"Ingrid","id":"451"},{"full_name":"Ansorge, Ulrich","first_name":"Ulrich","last_name":"Ansorge"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1069-9384"]},"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/HorstmannScharlauAnsorge.pdf"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/AnsorgeScharlauLabudda.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"title":"Visual search for a motion singleton among coherently moving distractors.","year":"2006","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0340-0727"]},"author":[{"full_name":"Ansorge, Ulrich","first_name":"Ulrich","last_name":"Ansorge"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","first_name":"Ingrid","last_name":"Scharlau","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","id":"451"},{"last_name":"Labudda","first_name":"Kirsten","full_name":"Labudda, Kirsten"}],"date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:21:31Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"        70","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:08:57Z","type":"journal_article","keyword":["visual search","motion singleton","visual images","visual motion","coherently moving distractors","Adult","Attention","Exploratory Behavior","Female","Humans","Male","Motion Perception","Visual Perception","Motion Perception","Stimulus Salience","Visual Search","Distraction","Retinal Image"],"department":[{"_id":"424"}],"issue":"2","publication":"Psychological Research","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In the current study, we tested whether search for a visual motion singleton presented among several coherently moving distractors can be more efficient than search for a motion stimulus presented with a single distractor. Under a variety of conditions, multiple spatially distributed and coherently moving distractors facilitated search for a uniquely moving target relative to a single-motion-distractor condition (Experiments 1,3, and 4). Color coherencies among static distractors were not equally effective (Experiments 1 and 2). These results confirm that humans are highly sensitive to antagonistically directed motion signals in backgrounds compared with spatially more confined regions of visual images. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)"}],"extern":"1","page":"103 - 116","_id":"6094","user_id":"42165","volume":70,"status":"public","oa":"1","citation":{"chicago":"Ansorge, Ulrich, Ingrid Scharlau, and Kirsten Labudda. “Visual Search for a Motion Singleton among Coherently Moving Distractors.” <i>Psychological Research</i> 70, no. 2 (2006): 103–16.","short":"U. Ansorge, I. Scharlau, K. Labudda, Psychological Research 70 (2006) 103–116.","apa":"Ansorge, U., Scharlau, I., &#38; Labudda, K. (2006). Visual search for a motion singleton among coherently moving distractors. <i>Psychological Research</i>, <i>70</i>(2), 103–116.","ieee":"U. Ansorge, I. Scharlau, and K. Labudda, “Visual search for a motion singleton among coherently moving distractors.,” <i>Psychological Research</i>, vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 103–116, 2006.","ama":"Ansorge U, Scharlau I, Labudda K. Visual search for a motion singleton among coherently moving distractors. <i>Psychological Research</i>. 2006;70(2):103-116.","bibtex":"@article{Ansorge_Scharlau_Labudda_2006, title={Visual search for a motion singleton among coherently moving distractors.}, volume={70}, number={2}, journal={Psychological Research}, author={Ansorge, Ulrich and Scharlau, Ingrid and Labudda, Kirsten}, year={2006}, pages={103–116} }","mla":"Ansorge, Ulrich, et al. “Visual Search for a Motion Singleton among Coherently Moving Distractors.” <i>Psychological Research</i>, vol. 70, no. 2, 2006, pp. 103–16."}},{"user_id":"42165","volume":2,"page":"87 - 97","_id":"6077","status":"public","citation":{"ieee":"I. Scharlau and G. Horstmann, “Perceptual latency priming and illusory line motion: Facilitation by gradients of attention?,” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 87–97, 2006.","apa":"Scharlau, I., &#38; Horstmann, G. (2006). Perceptual latency priming and illusory line motion: Facilitation by gradients of attention? <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>, <i>2</i>(1), 87–97.","short":"I. Scharlau, G. Horstmann, Advances in Cognitive Psychology 2 (2006) 87–97.","chicago":"Scharlau, Ingrid, and Gernot Horstmann. “Perceptual Latency Priming and Illusory Line Motion: Facilitation by Gradients of Attention?” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i> 2, no. 1 (2006): 87–97.","mla":"Scharlau, Ingrid, and Gernot Horstmann. “Perceptual Latency Priming and Illusory Line Motion: Facilitation by Gradients of Attention?” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>, vol. 2, no. 1, 2006, pp. 87–97.","bibtex":"@article{Scharlau_Horstmann_2006, title={Perceptual latency priming and illusory line motion: Facilitation by gradients of attention?}, volume={2}, number={1}, journal={Advances in Cognitive Psychology}, author={Scharlau, Ingrid and Horstmann, Gernot}, year={2006}, pages={87–97} }","ama":"Scharlau I, Horstmann G. Perceptual latency priming and illusory line motion: Facilitation by gradients of attention? <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>. 2006;2(1):87-97."},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2022-06-07T04:36:36Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"         2","title":"Perceptual latency priming and illusory line motion: Facilitation by gradients of attention?","year":"2006","author":[{"id":"451","first_name":"Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid"},{"full_name":"Horstmann, Gernot","first_name":"Gernot","last_name":"Horstmann"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1895-1171"]},"type":"journal_article","keyword":["perceptual latency priming","illusory line motion","attention","visual angle","Illusions (Perception)","Priming","Visual Field","Visual Perception","Visual Attention","Spatial Orientation (Perception)"],"department":[{"_id":"424"}],"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:05:32Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The phenomena of illusory line motion and perceptual latency priming are both assumed to reflect a facilitation of perceptual latency. The explanation of illusory line motion presupposes that attention is distributed in a gradient fashion whereas this is not a necessary part of the explanation of perceptual latency priming. Two experiments test whether an attentional gradient is present in perceptual latency priming. Evidence for a gradient was found within 2.5° of visual angle around the attended location, but not at a distance of 5° and more. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)"}],"extern":"1","publication":"Advances in Cognitive Psychology","issue":"1"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2022-06-06T20:10:51Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"        66","year":"2004","title":"Evidence for split foci of attention in a priming paradigm.","author":[{"full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","last_name":"Scharlau","first_name":"Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","id":"451"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0031-5117"]},"keyword":["visuospatial attention","priming paradigm","spatial distribution","Adult","Attention","Female","Humans","Male","Attention","Priming","Spatial Perception","Visuospatial Ability"],"type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:03:45Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Most models of visuospatial attention include the notion that attention is dedicated to a single location in space. However, several researchers have found evidence that under appropriate circumstances, attention may be allocated to noncontiguous locations (e.g., Awn & Pashler, 2000; Bichot, Cave, & Pashler, 1999; Kramer & Hahn, 1995). In the present experiments, the spatial distribution of attention was assessed by a novel method, perceptual latency priming: the latency benefit of an attended visual stimulus, as compared with a nonattended stimulus. Experiment 1 assessed whether observers are able to attend to two nonadjacent regions or a region of variable size. Experiment 2 tested whether, when two distant locations are attended to, the region between them is necessarily also in the focus of attention. Two further experiments controlled for objections against the method used and replicated the main results of the first two experiments. The experiments showed a robust attentional pr"}],"extern":"1","issue":"6","publication":"Perception & Psychophysics","user_id":"42165","volume":66,"page":"988 - 1002","_id":"6069","status":"public","citation":{"apa":"Scharlau, I. (2004). Evidence for split foci of attention in a priming paradigm. <i>Perception &#38; Psychophysics</i>, <i>66</i>(6), 988–1002.","ieee":"I. Scharlau, “Evidence for split foci of attention in a priming paradigm.,” <i>Perception &#38; Psychophysics</i>, vol. 66, no. 6, pp. 988–1002, 2004.","short":"I. Scharlau, Perception &#38; Psychophysics 66 (2004) 988–1002.","chicago":"Scharlau, Ingrid. “Evidence for Split Foci of Attention in a Priming Paradigm.” <i>Perception &#38; Psychophysics</i> 66, no. 6 (2004): 988–1002.","mla":"Scharlau, Ingrid. “Evidence for Split Foci of Attention in a Priming Paradigm.” <i>Perception &#38; Psychophysics</i>, vol. 66, no. 6, 2004, pp. 988–1002.","ama":"Scharlau I. Evidence for split foci of attention in a priming paradigm. <i>Perception &#38; Psychophysics</i>. 2004;66(6):988-1002.","bibtex":"@article{Scharlau_2004, title={Evidence for split foci of attention in a priming paradigm.}, volume={66}, number={6}, journal={Perception &#38; Psychophysics}, author={Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2004}, pages={988–1002} }"}},{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Attending to a location shortens the perceptual latency of stimuli appearing at this location (perceptual latency priming). According to attentional explanations, perceptual latency priming relies on the speeded transfer of attended visual information into an internal model. However, doubts about the attentional origin have repeatedly been raised because efforts to minimize response bias have been insufficient in most studies. Five experiments investigated the contribution of a response bias to perceptual latency priming (judgment bias due to the two-alternative forced-choice method and due to the existence of the prime, criterion effects or second-order bias, sensorimotor priming). If any, only small response biases were found. The results thus support the attentional explanation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)"}],"extern":"1","issue":"4","publication":"Psychological Research","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"keyword":["response bias","temporal order tasks","attention manipulation","masked primes","perceptual latency priming","Adult","Attention","Discrimination Learning","Female","Humans","Male","Memory","Short-Term","Orientation","Pattern Recognition","Visual","Perceptual Masking","Psychomotor Performance","Psychophysics","Reaction Time","Serial Learning","Attention","Latent Learning","Priming","Response Bias","Visual Perception","Response Latency","Temporal Order (Judgment)"],"type":"journal_article","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:03:30Z","intvolume":"        68","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:25:03Z","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0340-0727"]},"author":[{"first_name":"Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","id":"451"}],"year":"2004","title":"Evidence against response bias in temporal order tasks with attention manipulation by masked primes.","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/Scharlau2004PsychResResponseBiasFinal.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"citation":{"chicago":"Scharlau, Ingrid. “Evidence against Response Bias in Temporal Order Tasks with Attention Manipulation by Masked Primes.” <i>Psychological Research</i> 68, no. 4 (2004): 224–36.","short":"I. Scharlau, Psychological Research 68 (2004) 224–236.","ieee":"I. Scharlau, “Evidence against response bias in temporal order tasks with attention manipulation by masked primes.,” <i>Psychological Research</i>, vol. 68, no. 4, pp. 224–236, 2004.","apa":"Scharlau, I. (2004). Evidence against response bias in temporal order tasks with attention manipulation by masked primes. <i>Psychological Research</i>, <i>68</i>(4), 224–236.","bibtex":"@article{Scharlau_2004, title={Evidence against response bias in temporal order tasks with attention manipulation by masked primes.}, volume={68}, number={4}, journal={Psychological Research}, author={Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2004}, pages={224–236} }","ama":"Scharlau I. Evidence against response bias in temporal order tasks with attention manipulation by masked primes. <i>Psychological Research</i>. 2004;68(4):224-236.","mla":"Scharlau, Ingrid. “Evidence against Response Bias in Temporal Order Tasks with Attention Manipulation by Masked Primes.” <i>Psychological Research</i>, vol. 68, no. 4, 2004, pp. 224–36."},"oa":"1","status":"public","volume":68,"user_id":"42165","_id":"6068","page":"224 - 236"},{"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:07:56Z","type":"journal_article","keyword":["visual attention","spatial distribution","perceptual latency priming","Attention","Priming","Spatial Organization","Visual Perception"],"department":[{"_id":"424"}],"issue":"8","publication":"The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology","extern":"1","abstract":[{"text":"The spatial distribution of visual attention is a yet unresolved question. One of the main topics is whether attention is distributed in a graded fashion around an attended location (e.g., Downing, 1988; Zimba & Hughes, 1987). The present experiments explore whether, and on which conditions, gradients of attention arise and contribute to perceptual facilitation. A masked or unmasked prime precedes one of two targets whose temporal order has to be judged. The prime captures attention, which shortens the perceptual latency of the primed target (perceptual latency priming; Scharlau & Neumann, 2003a; Shore, Spence, & Klein, 2001). No strong evidence for an attentional gradient was found. (1) Accuracy of temporal order judgements was independent of the distance between the two targets that were judged. That is, facilitation of the second target by the first target was spatially invariant. (2) With targets of short duration, facilitation was independent of prime-target distance. (3) With ta","lang":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/SpliFociFinal.pdf"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2004","title":"The spatial distribution of attention in perceptual latency priming.","author":[{"first_name":"Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","id":"451"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0272-4987"]},"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:25:35Z","oa":"1","citation":{"short":"I. Scharlau, The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology 57A (2004) 1411–1436.","chicago":"Scharlau, Ingrid. “The Spatial Distribution of Attention in Perceptual Latency Priming.” <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology</i> 57A, no. 8 (2004): 1411–36.","ieee":"I. Scharlau, “The spatial distribution of attention in perceptual latency priming.,” <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology</i>, vol. 57A, no. 8, pp. 1411–1436, 2004.","apa":"Scharlau, I. (2004). The spatial distribution of attention in perceptual latency priming. <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology</i>, <i>57A</i>(8), 1411–1436.","bibtex":"@article{Scharlau_2004, title={The spatial distribution of attention in perceptual latency priming.}, volume={57A}, number={8}, journal={The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology}, author={Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2004}, pages={1411–1436} }","ama":"Scharlau I. The spatial distribution of attention in perceptual latency priming. <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology</i>. 2004;57A(8):1411-1436.","mla":"Scharlau, Ingrid. “The Spatial Distribution of Attention in Perceptual Latency Priming.” <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology</i>, vol. 57A, no. 8, 2004, pp. 1411–36."},"page":"1411 - 1436","_id":"6089","user_id":"42165","volume":"57A","status":"public"},{"status":"public","volume":43,"user_id":"42165","_id":"6065","page":"1351 - 1363","citation":{"ieee":"I. Scharlau and U. Ansorge, “Direct parameter specification of an attention shift: Evidence from perceptual latency priming.,” <i>Vision Research</i>, vol. 43, no. 12, pp. 1351–1363, 2003.","apa":"Scharlau, I., &#38; Ansorge, U. (2003). Direct parameter specification of an attention shift: Evidence from perceptual latency priming. <i>Vision Research</i>, <i>43</i>(12), 1351–1363.","chicago":"Scharlau, Ingrid, and Ulrich Ansorge. “Direct Parameter Specification of an Attention Shift: Evidence from Perceptual Latency Priming.” <i>Vision Research</i> 43, no. 12 (2003): 1351–63.","short":"I. Scharlau, U. Ansorge, Vision Research 43 (2003) 1351–1363.","mla":"Scharlau, Ingrid, and Ulrich Ansorge. “Direct Parameter Specification of an Attention Shift: Evidence from Perceptual Latency Priming.” <i>Vision Research</i>, vol. 43, no. 12, 2003, pp. 1351–63.","bibtex":"@article{Scharlau_Ansorge_2003, title={Direct parameter specification of an attention shift: Evidence from perceptual latency priming.}, volume={43}, number={12}, journal={Vision Research}, author={Scharlau, Ingrid and Ansorge, Ulrich}, year={2003}, pages={1351–1363} }","ama":"Scharlau I, Ansorge U. Direct parameter specification of an attention shift: Evidence from perceptual latency priming. <i>Vision Research</i>. 2003;43(12):1351-1363."},"oa":"1","intvolume":"        43","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:26:34Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0042-6989"]},"author":[{"first_name":"Ingrid","last_name":"Scharlau","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","id":"451"},{"first_name":"Ulrich","last_name":"Ansorge","full_name":"Ansorge, Ulrich"}],"title":"Direct parameter specification of an attention shift: Evidence from perceptual latency priming.","year":"2003","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/ScharlauAnsorge2003VisResDPS.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"extern":"1","abstract":[{"text":"In the direct parameter specification (DPS) mode of sensorimotor control, response parameters can be specified by stimuli that are not consciously perceived [Psychological Research/Psychologische Forschung 52 (1990) 207]. DPS is contingent on the current intentions. The invisible stimuli can be processed for the purposes of sensorimotor control only if they match the actual intentions, for example, share task-relevant features. The present experiments explore whether attentional capture by masked abrupt-onset stimuli is mediated via DPS. Participants judged which of two visual targets appeared first. Masked primes preceded one of the targets. The primes were either similar to the targets or not, in shape, or in color. Target-like (task-relevant), but not distractor-like (task-irrelevant), primes facilitated perceptual latencies of targets trailing at their positions. Thus, the latency effects resulted from DPS of an attention shift, rather than from bottom-up capture or from top-down ","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"Vision Research","issue":"12","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"keyword":["direct parameter specification","DPS","attention shift","latency priming","sensorimotor control","stimuli","task-relevant features","visual targets","color","shape","latency effects","Adult","Attention","Discrimination (Psychology)","Female","Humans","Judgment","Male","Perceptual Masking","Reaction Time","Visual Perception","Attention","Perceptual Motor Processes","Response Latency","Stimulus Onset","Visual Stimulation","Form and Shape Perception","Sensory Adaptation"],"type":"journal_article","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:01:37Z"},{"status":"public","volume":67,"user_id":"42165","_id":"6078","page":"184 - 196","citation":{"bibtex":"@article{Scharlau_Neumann_2003, title={Perceptual latency priming by masked and unmasked stimuli: Evidence for an attentional interpretation.}, volume={67}, number={3}, journal={Psychological Research}, author={Scharlau, Ingrid and Neumann, Odmar}, year={2003}, pages={184–196} }","ama":"Scharlau I, Neumann O. Perceptual latency priming by masked and unmasked stimuli: Evidence for an attentional interpretation. <i>Psychological Research</i>. 2003;67(3):184-196.","mla":"Scharlau, Ingrid, and Odmar Neumann. “Perceptual Latency Priming by Masked and Unmasked Stimuli: Evidence for an Attentional Interpretation.” <i>Psychological Research</i>, vol. 67, no. 3, 2003, pp. 184–96.","short":"I. Scharlau, O. Neumann, Psychological Research 67 (2003) 184–196.","chicago":"Scharlau, Ingrid, and Odmar Neumann. “Perceptual Latency Priming by Masked and Unmasked Stimuli: Evidence for an Attentional Interpretation.” <i>Psychological Research</i> 67, no. 3 (2003): 184–96.","ieee":"I. Scharlau and O. Neumann, “Perceptual latency priming by masked and unmasked stimuli: Evidence for an attentional interpretation.,” <i>Psychological Research</i>, vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 184–196, 2003.","apa":"Scharlau, I., &#38; Neumann, O. (2003). Perceptual latency priming by masked and unmasked stimuli: Evidence for an attentional interpretation. <i>Psychological Research</i>, <i>67</i>(3), 184–196."},"oa":"1","intvolume":"        67","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:27:08Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0340-0727"]},"author":[{"full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","last_name":"Scharlau","first_name":"Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","id":"451"},{"full_name":"Neumann, Odmar","last_name":"Neumann","first_name":"Odmar"}],"title":"Perceptual latency priming by masked and unmasked stimuli: Evidence for an attentional interpretation.","year":"2003","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/ScharlauNeumann2003PsychResPLP.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"extern":"1","abstract":[{"text":"Four experiments investigated the influence of a metacontrast-masked prime on temporal order judgments. The main results were (1) that a masked prime reduced the latency of the mask's conscious perception (perceptual latency priming), (2) that this effect was independent of whether the prime suffered strong or weak masking, (3) that it was unaffected by the degree of visual similarity between the prime and the mask, and that (4) there was no difference between congruent and incongruent primes. Finding (1) suggests that location cueing affects not only response times but also the latency of conscious perception. (2) The finding that priming was unaffected by the prime's detectability argues against a response bias interpretation of this effect. (3) Since visual similarity had no effect on the prime's efficiency, it is unlikely that sensory priming was involved. (4) The lack of a divergence between the effects of congruent and incongruent primes implies a functional difference between t","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"Psychological Research","issue":"3","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"type":"journal_article","keyword":["perceptual latency priming","temporal order judgments","masked stimuli","unmasked stimuli","attentional interpretation","response times","location cueing","visual perception","Adult","Attention","Female","Humans","Male","Models","Psychological","Perceptual Masking","Psychometrics","Reaction Time","Task Performance and Analysis","Time Perception","Masking","Reaction Time","Response Latency","Stimulus Parameters","Visual Contrast","Attention","Cues","Priming","Temporal Frequency","Temporal Order (Judgment)"],"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:05:43Z"}]