---
_id: '9795'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Power and bandwidth of piezoelectric harvesters can be increased by using
    multiple piezoelectric elements in one harvester. In this contribution, a novel
    energy harvesting cantilever array with magnetic tuning including three piezoelectric
    bimorphs is investigated theoretically and experimentally, with a good agreement
    between model and experiment. Other than harvester designs proposed before, this
    array is easy to manufacture and insensitive to manufacturing tolerances because
    its optimum operation frequency can be re-adjusted after fabrication. Using the
    superposition principle, the Butterworth-Van Dyke model and a mechanical lumped
    parameters model, the generated voltage and current are determined analytically.
    Formulas for calculating the power generated by array harvesters with an arbitrary
    number of piezoelectric elements connected in series or in parallel are derived.
    It is shown that optimum harvester design must take both the connected load and
    the operating frequency into account. Strategies for connecting multiple bimorphs
    to increase the maximum generated power and/or enhance the bandwidth compared
    to a single bimorph harvester are investigated. For bandwidth enhancement it is
    essential that individual rectifiers are used for the bimorphs. An example with
    three bimorphs shows that, depending on the chosen tuning strategy, the power
    is increased by about 340\% or the bandwidth is increased by about 500\%, compared
    to one single bimorph.
author:
- first_name: Waleed
  full_name: Al-Ashtari, Waleed
  last_name: Al-Ashtari
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Hunstig, Matthias
  last_name: Hunstig
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Hemsel, Tobias
  id: '210'
  last_name: Hemsel
- first_name: Walter
  full_name: Sextro, Walter
  id: '21220'
  last_name: Sextro
citation:
  ama: 'Al-Ashtari W, Hunstig M, Hemsel T, Sextro W. Enhanced energy harvesting using
    multiple piezoelectric elements: Theory and experiments. <i>Sensors and Actuators
    A: Physical</i>. 2013;200:138-146. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2013.01.008">10.1016/j.sna.2013.01.008</a>'
  apa: 'Al-Ashtari, W., Hunstig, M., Hemsel, T., &#38; Sextro, W. (2013). Enhanced
    energy harvesting using multiple piezoelectric elements: Theory and experiments.
    <i>Sensors and Actuators A: Physical</i>, <i>200</i>, 138–146. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2013.01.008">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2013.01.008</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Al-Ashtari_Hunstig_Hemsel_Sextro_2013, title={Enhanced energy
    harvesting using multiple piezoelectric elements: Theory and experiments}, volume={200},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2013.01.008">10.1016/j.sna.2013.01.008</a>},
    journal={Sensors and Actuators A: Physical}, author={Al-Ashtari, Waleed and Hunstig,
    Matthias and Hemsel, Tobias and Sextro, Walter}, year={2013}, pages={138–146}
    }'
  chicago: 'Al-Ashtari, Waleed, Matthias Hunstig, Tobias Hemsel, and Walter Sextro.
    “Enhanced Energy Harvesting Using Multiple Piezoelectric Elements: Theory and
    Experiments.” <i>Sensors and Actuators A: Physical</i> 200 (2013): 138–46. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2013.01.008">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2013.01.008</a>.'
  ieee: 'W. Al-Ashtari, M. Hunstig, T. Hemsel, and W. Sextro, “Enhanced energy harvesting
    using multiple piezoelectric elements: Theory and experiments,” <i>Sensors and
    Actuators A: Physical</i>, vol. 200, pp. 138–146, 2013.'
  mla: 'Al-Ashtari, Waleed, et al. “Enhanced Energy Harvesting Using Multiple Piezoelectric
    Elements: Theory and Experiments.” <i>Sensors and Actuators A: Physical</i>, vol.
    200, 2013, pp. 138–46, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2013.01.008">10.1016/j.sna.2013.01.008</a>.'
  short: 'W. Al-Ashtari, M. Hunstig, T. Hemsel, W. Sextro, Sensors and Actuators A:
    Physical 200 (2013) 138–146.'
date_created: 2019-05-13T13:51:59Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:04:20Z
department:
- _id: '151'
doi: 10.1016/j.sna.2013.01.008
intvolume: '       200'
keyword:
- Energy harvesting
- Cantilever array
- Bandwidth
- Power increase
language:
- iso: eng
page: 138 - 146
publication: 'Sensors and Actuators A: Physical'
status: public
title: 'Enhanced energy harvesting using multiple piezoelectric elements: Theory and
  experiments'
type: journal_article
user_id: '55222'
volume: 200
year: '2013'
...