---
_id: '59805'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The LLC converter achieves the highest efficiency in resonant operation. Conventionally,
the input DC-link voltage is controlled to operate the LLC converter at resonance
for the given operating point. However, the DC-link capacitor voltage shows a
low-frequency voltage ripple (typically the second harmonic of grid frequency)
in cascaded converters so that the LLC has to adapt its switching frequency within
the grid period. Conventionally, the LLC converter operates 50% of the time above
the resonant frequency of 40 kHz and 50% below resonance. Both operating conditions
cause additional losses. However, experimental measurements indicate that the
below-resonance operation causes significantly higher losses than above-resonance
operation due to much higher primary and secondary transformer currents. It is
better to increase the DC-link voltage by 30% of the peak-to-peak low-frequency
voltage ripple to mostly avoid below-resonance operation (i.e., from 650 V to
680 V in this case). With the proposed control, the LLC converter operates about
75% of time over resonance and only 25% of time below resonance. The overall efficiency
increases from 97.66% to 97.7% for the average operating point with an 80% load
current. This corresponds to a 2% total loss reduction. Finally, the peak resonance
capacitor voltage decreases from 910 V to 790 V (−13%).
article_number: '1517'
author:
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Unruh, Roland
id: '34289'
last_name: Unruh
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
citation:
ama: Unruh R, Böcker J, Schafmeister F. Adaptive DC-Link Voltage Control for 22
kW, 40 kHz LLC Resonant Converter Considering Low-Frequency Voltage Ripple. Electronics.
2025;14(8). doi:10.3390/electronics14081517
apa: Unruh, R., Böcker, J., & Schafmeister, F. (2025). Adaptive DC-Link Voltage
Control for 22 kW, 40 kHz LLC Resonant Converter Considering Low-Frequency Voltage
Ripple. Electronics, 14(8), Article 1517. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14081517
bibtex: '@article{Unruh_Böcker_Schafmeister_2025, title={Adaptive DC-Link Voltage
Control for 22 kW, 40 kHz LLC Resonant Converter Considering Low-Frequency Voltage
Ripple}, volume={14}, DOI={10.3390/electronics14081517},
number={81517}, journal={Electronics}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Unruh, Roland
and Böcker, Joachim and Schafmeister, Frank}, year={2025} }'
chicago: Unruh, Roland, Joachim Böcker, and Frank Schafmeister. “Adaptive DC-Link
Voltage Control for 22 KW, 40 KHz LLC Resonant Converter Considering Low-Frequency
Voltage Ripple.” Electronics 14, no. 8 (2025). https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14081517.
ieee: 'R. Unruh, J. Böcker, and F. Schafmeister, “Adaptive DC-Link Voltage Control
for 22 kW, 40 kHz LLC Resonant Converter Considering Low-Frequency Voltage Ripple,”
Electronics, vol. 14, no. 8, Art. no. 1517, 2025, doi: 10.3390/electronics14081517.'
mla: Unruh, Roland, et al. “Adaptive DC-Link Voltage Control for 22 KW, 40 KHz LLC
Resonant Converter Considering Low-Frequency Voltage Ripple.” Electronics,
vol. 14, no. 8, 1517, MDPI AG, 2025, doi:10.3390/electronics14081517.
short: R. Unruh, J. Böcker, F. Schafmeister, Electronics 14 (2025).
date_created: 2025-05-05T12:27:39Z
date_updated: 2025-05-05T12:34:00Z
department:
- _id: '52'
doi: 10.3390/electronics14081517
intvolume: ' 14'
issue: '8'
keyword:
- adaptive DC-link voltage
- cascaded H-bridge
- resonant operation
- Full-Bridge Converter
- loss minimization
- LLC Resonant Converter
- peak capacitor voltage reduction
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/14/8/1517
publication: Electronics
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2079-9292
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
status: public
title: Adaptive DC-Link Voltage Control for 22 kW, 40 kHz LLC Resonant Converter Considering
Low-Frequency Voltage Ripple
type: journal_article
user_id: '34289'
volume: 14
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '54356'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Although there are numerous design and control methodologies for the LLC
resonant converter,\r\nthey often do not consider decentralized control strategies
to operate them as isolated DC-DC converters within a\r\ncascaded H-bridge. The
total output power of all LLC converters must be constant to supply a load such
as a wa-\r\nter electrolyzer. However, each individual LLC converter can vary
its output power as long as the total output\r\npower remains constant. This opens
new possibilities in increasing the system efficiency and robustness. Usually,\r\nthe
DC-link voltage of each module capacitor shows a 2nd harmonic voltage ripple.
However, the total stored energy\r\nin all DC-link capacitors is constant within
a grid period for a balanced three-phase system. By controlling each\r\nLLC converter’s
output power locally to be proportional to the energy stored in its DC-link capacitor,
modules with\r\na lower instantaneous DC-link voltage transfer less power to the
load than modules with a higher DC-link voltage.\r\nAs a result, a higher efficiency,
voltage gain and lower peak resonant capacitor voltage can be achieved with the\r\nsame
components. The 22.2kW experimental prototype of the LLC converter reaches an
efficiency of over 97% at\r\nresonance which is similar to the precalculated value."
author:
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Unruh, Roland
id: '34289'
last_name: Unruh
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
citation:
ama: 'Unruh R, Böcker J, Schafmeister F. Experimentally Verified 22 kW, 40 kHz LLC
Resonant Converter Design with new Control for a 1 MW Cascaded H-Bridge Converter.
In: ECCE Europe 2024; IEEE Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition Europe.
IEEE. doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCEEurope62508.2024.10751954'
apa: Unruh, R., Böcker, J., & Schafmeister, F. (n.d.). Experimentally Verified
22 kW, 40 kHz LLC Resonant Converter Design with new Control for a 1 MW Cascaded
H-Bridge Converter. ECCE Europe 2024; IEEE Energy Conversion Congress &
Exposition Europe. ECCE Europe 2024, Darmstadt, Germany. https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCEEurope62508.2024.10751954
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Unruh_Böcker_Schafmeister, place={Darmstadt}, title={Experimentally
Verified 22 kW, 40 kHz LLC Resonant Converter Design with new Control for a 1
MW Cascaded H-Bridge Converter}, DOI={https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCEEurope62508.2024.10751954},
booktitle={ECCE Europe 2024; IEEE Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition
Europe}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Unruh, Roland and Böcker, Joachim and Schafmeister,
Frank} }'
chicago: 'Unruh, Roland, Joachim Böcker, and Frank Schafmeister. “Experimentally
Verified 22 KW, 40 KHz LLC Resonant Converter Design with New Control for a 1
MW Cascaded H-Bridge Converter.” In ECCE Europe 2024; IEEE Energy Conversion
Congress & Exposition Europe. Darmstadt: IEEE, n.d. https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCEEurope62508.2024.10751954.'
ieee: 'R. Unruh, J. Böcker, and F. Schafmeister, “Experimentally Verified 22 kW,
40 kHz LLC Resonant Converter Design with new Control for a 1 MW Cascaded H-Bridge
Converter,” presented at the ECCE Europe 2024, Darmstadt, Germany, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCEEurope62508.2024.10751954.'
mla: Unruh, Roland, et al. “Experimentally Verified 22 KW, 40 KHz LLC Resonant Converter
Design with New Control for a 1 MW Cascaded H-Bridge Converter.” ECCE Europe
2024; IEEE Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition Europe, IEEE, doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCEEurope62508.2024.10751954.
short: 'R. Unruh, J. Böcker, F. Schafmeister, in: ECCE Europe 2024; IEEE Energy
Conversion Congress & Exposition Europe, IEEE, Darmstadt, n.d.'
conference:
end_date: 2024-09-06
location: Darmstadt, Germany
name: ECCE Europe 2024
start_date: 2024-09-02
date_created: 2024-05-19T14:26:29Z
date_updated: 2024-11-28T14:16:05Z
department:
- _id: '52'
doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCEEurope62508.2024.10751954
keyword:
- Cascaded H-Bridge
- Converter Losses
- Decentralized Control
- Full-Bridge Converter
- LLC Resonant Converter
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10751954
place: Darmstadt
publication: ECCE Europe 2024; IEEE Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition Europe
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 979-8-3503-6444-6
publication_status: accepted
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Experimentally Verified 22 kW, 40 kHz LLC Resonant Converter Design with new
Control for a 1 MW Cascaded H-Bridge Converter
type: conference
user_id: '34289'
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '29899'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: LLC resonant converters are typically unsuitable to be applied for wide voltage-transfer
ratio applications. With a full-bridge inverter, however, they can be operated
in a variety of different modulations. Most notably, by permanently turning on
one MOSFET and turning off the other MOSFET of the same bridge leg, the LLC can
be operated in half-bridge configuration reducing the gain by a factor of two.
The resonant capacitor is hereby charged to an average voltage of half the input
voltage. In this modulation, however, the switch that is permanently turned on
is stressed by the complete resonant current while exhibiting no switching losses.
This paper proves that the frequency-doubler modulation can better balance the
losses among all MOSFETs and should be the preferred mode of operation favored
over the conventional half-bridge modulation. This paper analyzes the beneficial
loss distribution, proposes an on-the-fly morphing modulation and discusses potential
operating strategies to further reduce the junction temperature. Furthermore,
it is shown that this modulation can also be altered to achieve the asymmetrical
LLC operation. Experimental measurement results show that the modulation results
in a substantial decrease of the maximum MOSFET temperature and shows that the
converter can be smoothly transitioned during operation from full-bridge modulation
to the frequency-doubler half-bridge operation and back.
author:
- first_name: Philipp
full_name: Rehlaender, Philipp
id: '69469'
last_name: Rehlaender
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Unruh, Roland
id: '34289'
last_name: Unruh
- first_name: Lars
full_name: Hankeln, Lars
last_name: Hankeln
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: 'Rehlaender P, Unruh R, Hankeln L, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. Frequency-Doubler
Modulation for Reduced Junction Temperatures for LLC Resonant Converters Operated
in Half-Bridge Configuration. In: 23rd European Conference on Power Electronics
and Applications (EPE’21 ECCE Europe). IEEE; 2021. doi:10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570674'
apa: Rehlaender, P., Unruh, R., Hankeln, L., Schafmeister, F., & Böcker, J.
(2021). Frequency-Doubler Modulation for Reduced Junction Temperatures for LLC
Resonant Converters Operated in Half-Bridge Configuration. 23rd European Conference
on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’21 ECCE Europe). 23rd European
Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’21 ECCE Europe), Ghent,
Belgium. https://doi.org/10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570674
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Rehlaender_Unruh_Hankeln_Schafmeister_Böcker_2021, title={Frequency-Doubler
Modulation for Reduced Junction Temperatures for LLC Resonant Converters Operated
in Half-Bridge Configuration}, DOI={10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570674},
booktitle={23rd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’21
ECCE Europe)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Rehlaender, Philipp and Unruh, Roland
and Hankeln, Lars and Schafmeister, Frank and Böcker, Joachim}, year={2021} }'
chicago: Rehlaender, Philipp, Roland Unruh, Lars Hankeln, Frank Schafmeister, and
Joachim Böcker. “Frequency-Doubler Modulation for Reduced Junction Temperatures
for LLC Resonant Converters Operated in Half-Bridge Configuration.” In 23rd
European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’21 ECCE Europe).
IEEE, 2021. https://doi.org/10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570674.
ieee: 'P. Rehlaender, R. Unruh, L. Hankeln, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker, “Frequency-Doubler
Modulation for Reduced Junction Temperatures for LLC Resonant Converters Operated
in Half-Bridge Configuration,” presented at the 23rd European Conference on Power
Electronics and Applications (EPE’21 ECCE Europe), Ghent, Belgium, 2021, doi:
10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570674.'
mla: Rehlaender, Philipp, et al. “Frequency-Doubler Modulation for Reduced Junction
Temperatures for LLC Resonant Converters Operated in Half-Bridge Configuration.”
23rd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’21 ECCE
Europe), IEEE, 2021, doi:10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570674.
short: 'P. Rehlaender, R. Unruh, L. Hankeln, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker, in: 23rd
European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’21 ECCE Europe),
IEEE, 2021.'
conference:
end_date: 2021-09-10
location: Ghent, Belgium
name: 23rd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'21 ECCE
Europe)
start_date: 2021-09-06
date_created: 2022-02-20T21:29:48Z
date_updated: 2023-02-09T11:01:11Z
department:
- _id: '34'
- _id: '52'
doi: 10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570674
keyword:
- Resonant converter
- High frequency power converter
- Switched-mode power supply
- Converter control
- Control methods for electrical systems
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9570674
publication: 23rd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'21
ECCE Europe)
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-9-0758-1537-5
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Frequency-Doubler Modulation for Reduced Junction Temperatures for LLC Resonant
Converters Operated in Half-Bridge Configuration
type: conference
user_id: '34289'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '29939'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: In this paper, a full-bridge modular multilevel converter (MMC) and two half-bridge-based
MMCs are evaluated for high-current low-voltage e.g. 100 - 400V DC-applications
such as electrolysis, arc welding or datacenters with DC-power distribution. Usually,
modular multilevel converters are used in high-voltage DC-applications (HVDC)
in the multiple kV-range, but to meet the needs of a high-current demand at low
output voltage levels, the modular converter concept requires adaptations. In
the proposed concept, the MMC is used to step-down the three-phase medium-voltage
of 10kV, and provide up to 1 MW to the load. Therefore, each module is extended
by an LLC resonant converter to adapt to the specific electrolyzers DC-voltage
range of 142 - 220V and to provide galvanic isolation. The six-arm MMC converter
with half-bridge modules can be simplified and optimized by removing three arms,
and thus halving the number of modules. In addition, the module voltage ripple
and capacitor losses are decreased by 22% and 30% respectively. By rearranging
the components of the half-bridge MMC to build a MMC consisting of grid-side full-bridge
modules, the voltage ripple is further reduced by 78% and capacitor losses by
64%, while ensuring identical costs and volume for all MMCs. Finally, the LLC
resonant converter is designed for the most efficient full-bridge MMC. The LLC
can not operate at resonance with a fixed nominal module voltage of 770V because
the output voltage is varying between 142 - 220V. By decreasing the module voltage
down to 600V, additional points of operation can be operated in resonance, and
the remaining are closer to resonance. The option to decrease the module voltage
down to 600V, increases the number of required modules per arm from 12 to 15,
which requires to balance the losses of the LLCs and the grid-side stages.
author:
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Unruh, Roland
id: '34289'
last_name: Unruh
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: 'Unruh R, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. Evaluation of MMCs for High-Power Low-Voltage
DC-Applications in Combination with the Module LLC-Design. In: 2020 22nd European
Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’20 ECCE Europe). IEEE;
2020. doi:10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215687'
apa: Unruh, R., Schafmeister, F., & Böcker, J. (2020). Evaluation of MMCs for
High-Power Low-Voltage DC-Applications in Combination with the Module LLC-Design.
2020 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’20
ECCE Europe). 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications
(EPE’20 ECCE Europe), Lyon, France. https://doi.org/10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215687
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Unruh_Schafmeister_Böcker_2020, title={Evaluation of MMCs
for High-Power Low-Voltage DC-Applications in Combination with the Module LLC-Design},
DOI={10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215687},
booktitle={2020 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications
(EPE’20 ECCE Europe)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Unruh, Roland and Schafmeister,
Frank and Böcker, Joachim}, year={2020} }'
chicago: Unruh, Roland, Frank Schafmeister, and Joachim Böcker. “Evaluation of MMCs
for High-Power Low-Voltage DC-Applications in Combination with the Module LLC-Design.”
In 2020 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’20
ECCE Europe). IEEE, 2020. https://doi.org/10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215687.
ieee: 'R. Unruh, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker, “Evaluation of MMCs for High-Power
Low-Voltage DC-Applications in Combination with the Module LLC-Design,” presented
at the 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’20
ECCE Europe), Lyon, France, 2020, doi: 10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215687.'
mla: Unruh, Roland, et al. “Evaluation of MMCs for High-Power Low-Voltage DC-Applications
in Combination with the Module LLC-Design.” 2020 22nd European Conference on
Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’20 ECCE Europe), IEEE, 2020, doi:10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215687.
short: 'R. Unruh, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker, in: 2020 22nd European Conference
on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’20 ECCE Europe), IEEE, 2020.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-09-11
location: Lyon, France
name: 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'20 ECCE
Europe)
start_date: 2020-09-07
date_created: 2022-02-21T16:33:14Z
date_updated: 2022-02-21T17:00:16Z
department:
- _id: '52'
doi: 10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215687
keyword:
- Multilevel converters
- Resonant converter
- High voltage power converters
- ZVS Converters
- Combination MMC LLC
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9215687
publication: 2020 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'20
ECCE Europe)
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Evaluation of MMCs for High-Power Low-Voltage DC-Applications in Combination
with the Module LLC-Design
type: conference
user_id: '34289'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '29880'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Although there are numerous design methodologies for the LLC resonant converter,
they often do not consider the possibility of input voltage adjustment. In the
proposed concept, a modular multi-level converter (MMC) is used to step-down the
three-phase medium voltage of 10 kV, and provide up to 1 MW of pure DC power to
the load consisting of electrolyzers for hydrogen generation. Therefore, each
module is extended by an LLC resonant converter to adapt to the specific electrolyzers
DC voltage range of 142...220 V and to provide galvanic isolation. In order to
achieve a high efficiency for a wide range of load conditions, the input voltage
of the LLC converter is adjusted between 600 V and 770 V while operating at resonance
or close to resonance. The parameters of the 11kW LLC resonant converter with
an integrated leakage inductance are systematically optimized to maximize the
efficiency for all loads while achieving zero-voltage switching. For a fast estimation
of eddy current losses, a new method is proposed, which uses a single FEM simulation
to fit newly developed loss equations. The calculated average efficiency is 97.8%.
The prototype of the LLC converter reaches a peak efficiency of over 98% at resonance
at half load which is similar to the precalculated value.
author:
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Unruh, Roland
id: '34289'
last_name: Unruh
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: 'Unruh R, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. 11kW, 70kHz LLC Converter Design with Adaptive
Input Voltage for 98% Efficiency in an MMC. In: 2020 IEEE 21st Workshop on
Control and Modeling for Power Electronics (COMPEL). IEEE; 2020. doi:10.1109/compel49091.2020.9265771'
apa: Unruh, R., Schafmeister, F., & Böcker, J. (2020). 11kW, 70kHz LLC Converter
Design with Adaptive Input Voltage for 98% Efficiency in an MMC. 2020 IEEE
21st Workshop on Control and Modeling for Power Electronics (COMPEL). https://doi.org/10.1109/compel49091.2020.9265771
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Unruh_Schafmeister_Böcker_2020, title={11kW, 70kHz LLC Converter
Design with Adaptive Input Voltage for 98% Efficiency in an MMC}, DOI={10.1109/compel49091.2020.9265771},
booktitle={2020 IEEE 21st Workshop on Control and Modeling for Power Electronics
(COMPEL)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Unruh, Roland and Schafmeister, Frank and
Böcker, Joachim}, year={2020} }'
chicago: Unruh, Roland, Frank Schafmeister, and Joachim Böcker. “11kW, 70kHz LLC
Converter Design with Adaptive Input Voltage for 98% Efficiency in an MMC.” In
2020 IEEE 21st Workshop on Control and Modeling for Power Electronics (COMPEL).
IEEE, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1109/compel49091.2020.9265771.
ieee: 'R. Unruh, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker, “11kW, 70kHz LLC Converter Design
with Adaptive Input Voltage for 98% Efficiency in an MMC,” 2020, doi: 10.1109/compel49091.2020.9265771.'
mla: Unruh, Roland, et al. “11kW, 70kHz LLC Converter Design with Adaptive Input
Voltage for 98% Efficiency in an MMC.” 2020 IEEE 21st Workshop on Control and
Modeling for Power Electronics (COMPEL), IEEE, 2020, doi:10.1109/compel49091.2020.9265771.
short: 'R. Unruh, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker, in: 2020 IEEE 21st Workshop on Control
and Modeling for Power Electronics (COMPEL), IEEE, 2020.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-11-12
start_date: 2020-11-09
date_created: 2022-02-18T16:29:08Z
date_updated: 2024-11-28T14:19:07Z
department:
- _id: '52'
doi: 10.1109/compel49091.2020.9265771
keyword:
- Full-bridge
- High voltage power converters
- LLC resonant converter
- Multilevel converters
- ZVS Converters
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9265771
publication: 2020 IEEE 21st Workshop on Control and Modeling for Power Electronics
(COMPEL)
publication_identifier:
unknown:
- 978-1-7281-7160-9
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 11kW, 70kHz LLC Converter Design with Adaptive Input Voltage for 98% Efficiency
in an MMC
type: conference
user_id: '34289'
year: '2020'
...