[{"publication_status":"published","has_accepted_license":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2732-527X"]},"citation":{"ieee":"I. Gräßler and M. Ebel, “Test-oriented Resilient Requirements Engineering (ToRRE): extending model-based effect chain analysis to verification objectives,” in <i>Proceedings of the Design Society</i>, Dallas, Texas, USA, 2025, vol. 5, pp. 3031–3040, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10317\">10.1017/pds.2025.10317</a>.","chicago":"Gräßler, Iris, and Marcel Ebel. “Test-Oriented Resilient Requirements Engineering (ToRRE): Extending Model-Based Effect Chain Analysis to Verification Objectives.” In <i>Proceedings of the Design Society</i>, 5:3031–40. Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10317\">https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10317</a>.","ama":"Gräßler I, Ebel M. Test-oriented Resilient Requirements Engineering (ToRRE): extending model-based effect chain analysis to verification objectives. In: <i>Proceedings of the Design Society</i>. Vol 5. Cambridge University Press (CUP); 2025:3031-3040. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10317\">10.1017/pds.2025.10317</a>","short":"I. Gräßler, M. Ebel, in: Proceedings of the Design Society, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2025, pp. 3031–3040.","mla":"Gräßler, Iris, and Marcel Ebel. “Test-Oriented Resilient Requirements Engineering (ToRRE): Extending Model-Based Effect Chain Analysis to Verification Objectives.” <i>Proceedings of the Design Society</i>, vol. 5, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2025, pp. 3031–40, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10317\">10.1017/pds.2025.10317</a>.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Gräßler_Ebel_2025, title={Test-oriented Resilient Requirements Engineering (ToRRE): extending model-based effect chain analysis to verification objectives}, volume={5}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10317\">10.1017/pds.2025.10317</a>}, booktitle={Proceedings of the Design Society}, publisher={Cambridge University Press (CUP)}, author={Gräßler, Iris and Ebel, Marcel}, year={2025}, pages={3031–3040} }","apa":"Gräßler, I., &#38; Ebel, M. (2025). Test-oriented Resilient Requirements Engineering (ToRRE): extending model-based effect chain analysis to verification objectives. <i>Proceedings of the Design Society</i>, <i>5</i>, 3031–3040. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10317\">https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10317</a>"},"page":"3031-3040","intvolume":"         5","author":[{"first_name":"Iris","full_name":"Gräßler, Iris","id":"47565","orcid":"0000-0001-5765-971X","last_name":"Gräßler"},{"full_name":"Ebel, Marcel","id":"81788","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5400-4436","last_name":"Ebel","first_name":"Marcel"}],"volume":5,"date_updated":"2025-08-28T13:14:46Z","oa":"1","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/proceedings-of-the-design-society/article/testoriented-resilient-requirements-engineering-torre-extending-modelbased-effect-chain-analysis-to-verification-objectives/F1D33C094BAAF635E4E03519E15A4C08","open_access":"1"}],"conference":{"name":"25th International Conference on Engineering Design","start_date":"2025-08-11","end_date":"2025-08-14","location":"Dallas, Texas, USA"},"doi":"10.1017/pds.2025.10317","type":"conference","status":"public","user_id":"81788","department":[{"_id":"152"}],"project":[{"_id":"516","name":"CREXDATA: Kritische Maßnahmenplanung über extreme Datenmengen"}],"_id":"61057","quality_controlled":"1","year":"2025","date_created":"2025-08-28T12:53:19Z","publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","title":"Test-oriented Resilient Requirements Engineering (ToRRE): extending model-based effect chain analysis to verification objectives","publication":"Proceedings of the Design Society","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Verification and Validation (V&V) are essential processes in engineering Cyber-Physical Systems. However, the role of V&V engineers is often not given sufficient attention. Based on a systematic literature analysis and practical observations, a four-step method for Test-oriented Resilient Requirements Engineering (ToRRE) is developed. The steps are planning V&V, executing V&V activities, documenting V&V activities and analyzing results of V&V activities. Applying ToRRE ensures continuous information flow and traceability. Engineers are enabled to analyze requirements using engineering artifacts connected through Model-Based Systems Engineering. Adopting methods for Model-Based Effect Chain analysis to evaluated test cases and test scenarios, conclusions on requirements engineering and change management are enabled. The method is evaluated in an EU research project."}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"ddc":["620"],"keyword":["systems engineering (SE)","product modelling/models","design methods","verification & validation","test cases & test scenarios"]},{"publication":"Systems","abstract":[{"text":"<jats:p>In the engineering of complex technical systems, Systems Engineering (SE) is a key approach that is becoming increasingly relevant in more and more industries due to the ever-increasing complexity of systems. Over the decades of practical application and research, various specializations and forms of the Systems Engineering approach have developed, but there has so far been a lack of an overarching context and positioning in meaningful stages for the introduction of Systems Engineering in companies. For this reason, this research will systematize common Systems Engineering approaches and bring them together in a stage model for Systems Engineering. Based on a systematic literature review, use cases are identified for each approach and stage, which support companies in selecting an approach suitable for their own organization.</jats:p>","lang":"eng"}],"keyword":["Systems Engineering Transformation","maturity","Systems Engineering stages","approaches","SE"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","issue":"1","year":"2025","publisher":"MDPI AG","date_created":"2025-01-17T09:17:15Z","title":"Stages of Systems Engineering: An Analysis and Characterization of Systems Engineering Approaches","type":"journal_article","status":"public","_id":"58236","user_id":"52359","department":[{"_id":"152"}],"article_type":"original","article_number":"53","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2079-8954"]},"citation":{"short":"I. Gräßler, B. Grewe, Systems 13 (2025).","mla":"Gräßler, Iris, and Benedikt Grewe. “Stages of Systems Engineering: An Analysis and Characterization of Systems Engineering Approaches.” <i>Systems</i>, vol. 13, no. 1, 53, MDPI AG, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13010053\">10.3390/systems13010053</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Gräßler_Grewe_2025, title={Stages of Systems Engineering: An Analysis and Characterization of Systems Engineering Approaches}, volume={13}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13010053\">10.3390/systems13010053</a>}, number={153}, journal={Systems}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Gräßler, Iris and Grewe, Benedikt}, year={2025} }","apa":"Gräßler, I., &#38; Grewe, B. (2025). Stages of Systems Engineering: An Analysis and Characterization of Systems Engineering Approaches. <i>Systems</i>, <i>13</i>(1), Article 53. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13010053\">https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13010053</a>","chicago":"Gräßler, Iris, and Benedikt Grewe. “Stages of Systems Engineering: An Analysis and Characterization of Systems Engineering Approaches.” <i>Systems</i> 13, no. 1 (2025). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13010053\">https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13010053</a>.","ieee":"I. Gräßler and B. Grewe, “Stages of Systems Engineering: An Analysis and Characterization of Systems Engineering Approaches,” <i>Systems</i>, vol. 13, no. 1, Art. no. 53, 2025, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13010053\">10.3390/systems13010053</a>.","ama":"Gräßler I, Grewe B. Stages of Systems Engineering: An Analysis and Characterization of Systems Engineering Approaches. <i>Systems</i>. 2025;13(1). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13010053\">10.3390/systems13010053</a>"},"intvolume":"        13","date_updated":"2025-11-11T06:11:22Z","author":[{"full_name":"Gräßler, Iris","id":"47565","last_name":"Gräßler","orcid":"0000-0001-5765-971X","first_name":"Iris"},{"last_name":"Grewe","id":"52359","full_name":"Grewe, Benedikt","first_name":"Benedikt"}],"volume":13,"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/13/1/53"}],"doi":"10.3390/systems13010053"},{"user_id":"86782","_id":"56166","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["Data Driven Design","Design Automation","Systems Engineering (SE)","Artificial Intelligence (AI)"],"type":"conference","publication":"DS 130: Proceedings of NordDesign 2024","status":"public","editor":[{"first_name":"J.","full_name":"Malmqvist, J.","last_name":"Malmqvist"},{"first_name":"M.","last_name":"Candi","full_name":"Candi, M."},{"full_name":"Saemundsson, R.","last_name":"Saemundsson","first_name":"R."},{"last_name":"Bystrom","full_name":"Bystrom, F.","first_name":"F."},{"last_name":"Isaksson","full_name":"Isaksson, O.","first_name":"O."}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Developing Intelligent Technical Systems (ITS) involves a complex process encompassing planning, analysis, design, production, and maintenance. Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) is a key methodology for systematic systems engineering. Designing models for ITS requires harmonious interaction of various elements, posing a challenge in MBSE. Leveraging Generative Artificial Intelligence, we generated a dataset for modeling, using prompt engineering on large language models. The generated artifacts can aid engineers in MBSE design or serve as synthetic training data for AI assistants."}],"author":[{"first_name":"Pranav Jayant","last_name":"Kulkarni","id":"86782","full_name":"Kulkarni, Pranav Jayant"},{"last_name":"Tissen","full_name":"Tissen, Denis","id":"44458","first_name":"Denis"},{"first_name":"Ruslan","id":"36312","full_name":"Bernijazov, Ruslan","last_name":"Bernijazov"},{"first_name":"Roman","id":"16190","full_name":"Dumitrescu, Roman","last_name":"Dumitrescu"}],"date_created":"2024-09-17T09:56:43Z","date_updated":"2024-09-17T09:57:07Z","conference":{"end_date":"2024-08-14","location":"Reykjavik","name":"NordDesign Conference 2024","start_date":"2024-08-12"},"doi":"10.35199/NORDDESIGN2024.66","title":"Towards Automated Design: Automatically Generating Modeling Elements with Prompt Engineering and Generative Artificial Intelligence","related_material":{"link":[{"url":"https://www.designsociety.org/publication/47658/Towards+Automated+Design%3A+Automatically+Generating+Modeling+Elements+with+Prompt+Engineering+and+Generative+Artificial+Intelligence","relation":"confirmation"}]},"publication_status":"epub_ahead","publication_identifier":{"unknown":["978-1-912254-21-7"]},"citation":{"ieee":"P. J. Kulkarni, D. Tissen, R. Bernijazov, and R. Dumitrescu, “Towards Automated Design: Automatically Generating Modeling Elements with Prompt Engineering and Generative Artificial Intelligence,” in <i>DS 130: Proceedings of NordDesign 2024</i>, Reykjavik, 2024, pp. 617–625, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.35199/NORDDESIGN2024.66\">10.35199/NORDDESIGN2024.66</a>.","chicago":"Kulkarni, Pranav Jayant, Denis Tissen, Ruslan Bernijazov, and Roman Dumitrescu. “Towards Automated Design: Automatically Generating Modeling Elements with Prompt Engineering and Generative Artificial Intelligence.” In <i>DS 130: Proceedings of NordDesign 2024</i>, edited by J. Malmqvist, M. Candi, R. Saemundsson, F. Bystrom, and O. Isaksson, 617–25, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.35199/NORDDESIGN2024.66\">https://doi.org/10.35199/NORDDESIGN2024.66</a>.","ama":"Kulkarni PJ, Tissen D, Bernijazov R, Dumitrescu R. Towards Automated Design: Automatically Generating Modeling Elements with Prompt Engineering and Generative Artificial Intelligence. In: Malmqvist J, Candi M, Saemundsson R, Bystrom F, Isaksson O, eds. <i>DS 130: Proceedings of NordDesign 2024</i>. ; 2024:617-625. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.35199/NORDDESIGN2024.66\">10.35199/NORDDESIGN2024.66</a>","apa":"Kulkarni, P. J., Tissen, D., Bernijazov, R., &#38; Dumitrescu, R. (2024). Towards Automated Design: Automatically Generating Modeling Elements with Prompt Engineering and Generative Artificial Intelligence. In J. Malmqvist, M. Candi, R. Saemundsson, F. Bystrom, &#38; O. Isaksson (Eds.), <i>DS 130: Proceedings of NordDesign 2024</i> (pp. 617–625). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.35199/NORDDESIGN2024.66\">https://doi.org/10.35199/NORDDESIGN2024.66</a>","short":"P.J. Kulkarni, D. Tissen, R. Bernijazov, R. Dumitrescu, in: J. Malmqvist, M. Candi, R. Saemundsson, F. Bystrom, O. Isaksson (Eds.), DS 130: Proceedings of NordDesign 2024, 2024, pp. 617–625.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Kulkarni_Tissen_Bernijazov_Dumitrescu_2024, title={Towards Automated Design: Automatically Generating Modeling Elements with Prompt Engineering and Generative Artificial Intelligence}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.35199/NORDDESIGN2024.66\">10.35199/NORDDESIGN2024.66</a>}, booktitle={DS 130: Proceedings of NordDesign 2024}, author={Kulkarni, Pranav Jayant and Tissen, Denis and Bernijazov, Ruslan and Dumitrescu, Roman}, editor={Malmqvist, J. and Candi, M. and Saemundsson, R. and Bystrom, F. and Isaksson, O.}, year={2024}, pages={617–625} }","mla":"Kulkarni, Pranav Jayant, et al. “Towards Automated Design: Automatically Generating Modeling Elements with Prompt Engineering and Generative Artificial Intelligence.” <i>DS 130: Proceedings of NordDesign 2024</i>, edited by J. Malmqvist et al., 2024, pp. 617–25, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.35199/NORDDESIGN2024.66\">10.35199/NORDDESIGN2024.66</a>."},"page":"617-625","year":"2024"},{"user_id":"72252","department":[{"_id":"152"}],"_id":"32174","file_date_updated":"2022-06-27T07:56:35Z","article_type":"original","type":"journal_article","status":"public","author":[{"last_name":"Gräßler","orcid":"0000-0001-5765-971X","id":"47565","full_name":"Gräßler, Iris","first_name":"Iris"},{"last_name":"Thiele","full_name":"Thiele, Henrik","id":"33419","first_name":"Henrik"},{"last_name":"Grewe","id":"52359","full_name":"Grewe, Benedikt","first_name":"Benedikt"},{"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Hieb","full_name":"Hieb, Michael","id":"72252"}],"volume":2,"date_updated":"2023-01-24T08:41:31Z","oa":"1","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/proceedings-of-the-design-society/article/responsibility-assignment-in-systems-engineering/07269DA1B1160C17AF0E0BE6035FD1A2"}],"doi":"10.1017/pds.2022.190","conference":{"start_date":"2022-05-23","name":"17th International DESIGN Conference","location":"Dubrovnik","end_date":"2022-05-26"},"publication_status":"published","has_accepted_license":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2732-527X"]},"citation":{"ama":"Gräßler I, Thiele H, Grewe B, Hieb M. Responsibility Assignment in Systems Engineering. <i>Proceedings of the Design Society</i>. 2022;2:1875-1884. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2022.190\">10.1017/pds.2022.190</a>","ieee":"I. Gräßler, H. Thiele, B. Grewe, and M. Hieb, “Responsibility Assignment in Systems Engineering,” <i>Proceedings of the Design Society</i>, vol. 2, pp. 1875–1884, 2022, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2022.190\">10.1017/pds.2022.190</a>.","chicago":"Gräßler, Iris, Henrik Thiele, Benedikt Grewe, and Michael Hieb. “Responsibility Assignment in Systems Engineering.” <i>Proceedings of the Design Society</i> 2 (2022): 1875–84. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2022.190\">https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2022.190</a>.","apa":"Gräßler, I., Thiele, H., Grewe, B., &#38; Hieb, M. (2022). Responsibility Assignment in Systems Engineering. <i>Proceedings of the Design Society</i>, <i>2</i>, 1875–1884. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2022.190\">https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2022.190</a>","bibtex":"@article{Gräßler_Thiele_Grewe_Hieb_2022, title={Responsibility Assignment in Systems Engineering}, volume={2}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2022.190\">10.1017/pds.2022.190</a>}, journal={Proceedings of the Design Society}, publisher={Cambridge University Press (CUP)}, author={Gräßler, Iris and Thiele, Henrik and Grewe, Benedikt and Hieb, Michael}, year={2022}, pages={1875–1884} }","short":"I. Gräßler, H. Thiele, B. Grewe, M. Hieb, Proceedings of the Design Society 2 (2022) 1875–1884.","mla":"Gräßler, Iris, et al. “Responsibility Assignment in Systems Engineering.” <i>Proceedings of the Design Society</i>, vol. 2, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2022, pp. 1875–84, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2022.190\">10.1017/pds.2022.190</a>."},"page":"1875-1884","intvolume":"         2","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"ddc":["620"],"keyword":["systems engineering (SE)","project management","model-based systems engineering (MBSE)"],"publication":"Proceedings of the Design Society","file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","success":1,"creator":"hthiele","date_created":"2022-06-27T07:56:35Z","date_updated":"2022-06-27T07:56:35Z","file_name":"responsibility-assignment-in-systems-engineering.pdf","file_id":"32175","access_level":"closed","file_size":787640}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Increasing system complexity can be controlled by using systems engineering processes. INCOSE defines processes with inputs and outputs (artifacts) for this purpose. Specific SE roles are used to organize the tasks of the processes within the company. In this work, the responsibilities for artifacts are evaluated by means of the RACI scheme and examined by a cluster analysis and discussed for a SE transformation project with a German automotive OEM. As a result of the study, the optimal composition for systems engineering teams is identified and the systems engineering roles are prioritized.</jats:p>"}],"date_created":"2022-06-27T07:51:41Z","publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","title":"Responsibility Assignment in Systems Engineering","quality_controlled":"1","year":"2022"},{"abstract":[{"text":"The integrated modeling of behavior and reliability in system development delivers a model-based approach for reliability investigation by taking into account the dynamic system behavior as well as the system architecture at different phases of the development process. This approach features an automated synthesis of a reliability model out of a behavior model enabling for the closed loop modeling of degradation of the system and its (dynamic) behavior. The approach is integrated into the development process following Systems Engineering. It is based on standard models used in model-based development methodologies i.e. SysML or Matlab/Simulink. In addition to the theoretical description of the necessary steps the procedure is validated by an application example at two stages of the development process.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","type":"conference","publication":"ICED17, 21st International conference on enginieering design","keyword":["Design for X (DfX)","Product modelling / models","Robust design","Systems Engineering (SE)","Reliability"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"9974","user_id":"55222","department":[{"_id":"151"}],"year":"2017","citation":{"ama":"Hentze J, Kaul T, Grässler I, Sextro W. Integrated modeling og behavior and reliability in system development. In: <i>ICED17, 21st International Conference on Enginieering Design</i>. ; 2017:385-394.","ieee":"J. Hentze, T. Kaul, I. Grässler, and W. Sextro, “Integrated modeling og behavior and reliability in system development,” in <i>ICED17, 21st International conference on enginieering design</i>, 2017, pp. 385–394.","chicago":"Hentze, Julian, Thorben Kaul, Iris Grässler, and Walter Sextro. “Integrated Modeling Og Behavior and Reliability in System Development.” In <i>ICED17, 21st International Conference on Enginieering Design</i>, 385–94, 2017.","apa":"Hentze, J., Kaul, T., Grässler, I., &#38; Sextro, W. (2017). Integrated modeling og behavior and reliability in system development. In <i>ICED17, 21st International conference on enginieering design</i> (pp. 385–394).","short":"J. Hentze, T. Kaul, I. Grässler, W. Sextro, in: ICED17, 21st International Conference on Enginieering Design, 2017, pp. 385–394.","mla":"Hentze, Julian, et al. “Integrated Modeling Og Behavior and Reliability in System Development.” <i>ICED17, 21st International Conference on Enginieering Design</i>, 2017, pp. 385–94.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Hentze_Kaul_Grässler_Sextro_2017, title={Integrated modeling og behavior and reliability in system development}, booktitle={ICED17, 21st International conference on enginieering design}, author={Hentze, Julian and Kaul, Thorben and Grässler, Iris and Sextro, Walter}, year={2017}, pages={385–394} }"},"page":"385-394","quality_controlled":"1","title":"Integrated modeling og behavior and reliability in system development","date_updated":"2019-09-30T08:04:38Z","date_created":"2019-05-27T09:35:48Z","author":[{"first_name":"Julian","full_name":"Hentze, Julian","id":"13342","last_name":"Hentze"},{"first_name":"Thorben","last_name":"Kaul","id":"14802","full_name":"Kaul, Thorben"},{"last_name":"Grässler","full_name":"Grässler, Iris","first_name":"Iris"},{"full_name":"Sextro, Walter","id":"21220","last_name":"Sextro","first_name":"Walter"}]}]