[{"date_updated":"2026-02-25T07:45:44Z","oa":"1","author":[{"first_name":"Orlando","full_name":"Massopo, Orlando","last_name":"Massopo"},{"first_name":"Ricardo","last_name":"Tischendorf","full_name":"Tischendorf, Ricardo"},{"first_name":"Munko","last_name":"Gonchikzhapov","full_name":"Gonchikzhapov, Munko"},{"first_name":"Tina","full_name":"Kasper, Tina","last_name":"Kasper"},{"full_name":"Augustin, Peter","last_name":"Augustin","first_name":"Peter"},{"first_name":"Burak","last_name":"Özer","full_name":"Özer, Burak"},{"first_name":"Manuel","full_name":"Reddemann, Manuel","last_name":"Reddemann"},{"first_name":"Reinhold","last_name":"Kneer","full_name":"Kneer, Reinhold"},{"full_name":"Sheikh, Mohammed-Ali","last_name":"Sheikh","first_name":"Mohammed-Ali"},{"full_name":"Mert, Aydan Akyildiz","last_name":"Mert","first_name":"Aydan Akyildiz"},{"first_name":"Hartmut","last_name":"Wiggers","full_name":"Wiggers, Hartmut"},{"first_name":"Hans-Joachim","last_name":"Schmid","full_name":"Schmid, Hans-Joachim"}],"volume":470,"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1"}],"doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0032-5910"]},"citation":{"short":"O. Massopo, R. Tischendorf, M. Gonchikzhapov, T. Kasper, P. Augustin, B. Özer, M. Reddemann, R. Kneer, M.-A. Sheikh, A.A. Mert, H. Wiggers, H.-J. Schmid, Powder Technology 470 (2025).","mla":"Massopo, Orlando, et al. “Influence of Dispersion Gas Flow on the Spray Characteristics and γ-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles Formation and Properties in Reference SpraySyn Burners.” <i>Powder Technology</i>, vol. 470, 121992, Elsevier BV, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992\">10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Massopo_Tischendorf_Gonchikzhapov_Kasper_Augustin_Özer_Reddemann_Kneer_Sheikh_Mert_et al._2025, title={Influence of dispersion gas flow on the spray characteristics and γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles formation and properties in reference SpraySyn burners}, volume={470}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992\">10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992</a>}, number={121992}, journal={Powder Technology}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Massopo, Orlando and Tischendorf, Ricardo and Gonchikzhapov, Munko and Kasper, Tina and Augustin, Peter and Özer, Burak and Reddemann, Manuel and Kneer, Reinhold and Sheikh, Mohammed-Ali and Mert, Aydan Akyildiz and et al.}, year={2025} }","apa":"Massopo, O., Tischendorf, R., Gonchikzhapov, M., Kasper, T., Augustin, P., Özer, B., Reddemann, M., Kneer, R., Sheikh, M.-A., Mert, A. A., Wiggers, H., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2025). Influence of dispersion gas flow on the spray characteristics and γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles formation and properties in reference SpraySyn burners. <i>Powder Technology</i>, <i>470</i>, Article 121992. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992</a>","ama":"Massopo O, Tischendorf R, Gonchikzhapov M, et al. Influence of dispersion gas flow on the spray characteristics and γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles formation and properties in reference SpraySyn burners. <i>Powder Technology</i>. 2025;470. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992\">10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992</a>","ieee":"O. Massopo <i>et al.</i>, “Influence of dispersion gas flow on the spray characteristics and γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles formation and properties in reference SpraySyn burners,” <i>Powder Technology</i>, vol. 470, Art. no. 121992, 2025, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992\">10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992</a>.","chicago":"Massopo, Orlando, Ricardo Tischendorf, Munko Gonchikzhapov, Tina Kasper, Peter Augustin, Burak Özer, Manuel Reddemann, et al. “Influence of Dispersion Gas Flow on the Spray Characteristics and γ-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles Formation and Properties in Reference SpraySyn Burners.” <i>Powder Technology</i> 470 (2025). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992</a>."},"intvolume":"       470","_id":"63830","user_id":"98419","article_number":"121992","article_type":"original","type":"journal_article","status":"public","publisher":"Elsevier BV","date_created":"2026-02-02T11:41:04Z","title":"Influence of dispersion gas flow on the spray characteristics and γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles formation and properties in reference SpraySyn burners","year":"2025","keyword":["Spray flame synthesis","iron oxide nanoparticle","SpraySyn burner","Dispersion gas","Coaxial atomization","HiaT-SMPS"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Powder Technology","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":" This study investigates the effect of dispersion gas (DG) flow on the formation and properties of maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles using standardized SpraySyn burners (SS1 and SS2). Several diagnostics were employed to characterize the spray and nanoparticles. \r\nIncreasing DG flow (6 - 12 slm) results in smaller droplet sizes (DS), cooler flame temperatures, shorter high-temperature droplet/particle residence times, and smaller agglomerates in the size range of 5 - 12 nm with narrower primary particle size distribution, corresponding to higher mass fractal dimensions, as supported by TEM and SMPS analysis, resulting in more compact agglomerates. BET and TEM confirmed decreasing primary particle sizes with increasing DG flow. Raman and XRD analyses predominantly identified maghemite, which shows a bimodal distribution of crystallite sizes, while SS1 samples have a greater proportion of larger crystallites.\r\nThe self-preserving size distributions of agglomerates with a geometric standard deviation of 1.5 are reached faster with increasing DG flow. The barrier effect of DG observed in SS1 leads to slower droplet combustion kinetics, higher temperatures, and delayed precursor release, which, along with downstream flow recirculation, result in significantly higher agglomeration rates outside the visible flame. SS2 demonstrates improved atomization, more stable flames, and finer, uniform nanoparticles with less carbonaceous residues (CR). Conversely, SS1 showed broader DS distributions and higher CR levels on the γ-Fe2O3 surface, especially at higher DG flow.\r\nThis work highlights the essential role of DG flow and nozzle geometry in controlling droplet evaporation, flame stability, and nanoparticle growth, offering insights for optimizing SFS and validating numerical models.\r\n"}]},{"citation":{"chicago":"Massopo, Orlando, Hans-Joachim Schmid, Munko Gonchikzhapov, and Tina Kasper. “Nanoparticle Concentration Measurement in Flame Spray Pyrolysis (Poster),” 2023.","ieee":"O. Massopo, H.-J. Schmid, M. Gonchikzhapov, and T. Kasper, “Nanoparticle Concentration Measurement in Flame Spray Pyrolysis (Poster),” presented at the European Aerosol Conference, Málaga, Spain , 2023.","ama":"Massopo O, Schmid H-J, Gonchikzhapov M, Kasper T. Nanoparticle Concentration Measurement in Flame Spray Pyrolysis (Poster). In: ; 2023.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Massopo_Schmid_Gonchikzhapov_Kasper_2023, title={Nanoparticle Concentration Measurement in Flame Spray Pyrolysis (Poster)}, author={Massopo, Orlando and Schmid, Hans-Joachim and Gonchikzhapov, Munko and Kasper, Tina}, year={2023} }","short":"O. Massopo, H.-J. Schmid, M. Gonchikzhapov, T. Kasper, in: 2023.","mla":"Massopo, Orlando, et al. <i>Nanoparticle Concentration Measurement in Flame Spray Pyrolysis (Poster)</i>. 2023.","apa":"Massopo, O., Schmid, H.-J., Gonchikzhapov, M., &#38; Kasper, T. (2023). <i>Nanoparticle Concentration Measurement in Flame Spray Pyrolysis (Poster)</i>. European Aerosol Conference, Málaga, Spain ."},"year":"2023","date_created":"2024-02-05T12:45:55Z","author":[{"last_name":"Massopo","full_name":"Massopo, Orlando","id":"98419","first_name":"Orlando"},{"first_name":"Hans-Joachim","full_name":"Schmid, Hans-Joachim","id":"464","orcid":"000-0001-8590-1921","last_name":"Schmid"},{"first_name":"Munko","full_name":"Gonchikzhapov, Munko","id":"94996","last_name":"Gonchikzhapov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7773-047X"},{"first_name":"Tina","orcid":"0000-0003-3993-5316 ","last_name":"Kasper","full_name":"Kasper, Tina","id":"94562"}],"date_updated":"2024-02-05T12:46:11Z","conference":{"name":"European Aerosol Conference","start_date":"2023-09-03","end_date":"2023-09-08","location":"Málaga, Spain "},"title":"Nanoparticle Concentration Measurement in Flame Spray Pyrolysis (Poster)","type":"conference_abstract","status":"public","user_id":"98419","department":[{"_id":"150"},{"_id":"728"}],"_id":"51145","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["Absolute particle concentration","Flame Spray Pyrolysis","SMPS","Mass Spectrometry"]},{"date_created":"2024-02-05T12:59:39Z","author":[{"first_name":"Orlando","full_name":"Massopo, Orlando","id":"98419","last_name":"Massopo"},{"first_name":"Ricardo","id":"67002","full_name":"Tischendorf, Ricardo","last_name":"Tischendorf"},{"id":"464","full_name":"Schmid, Hans-Joachim","last_name":"Schmid","orcid":"000-0001-8590-1921","first_name":"Hans-Joachim"},{"last_name":"Fröde","full_name":"Fröde, Fabian","first_name":"Fabian"},{"last_name":"Grenga","full_name":"Grenga, Temistocle","first_name":"Temistocle"},{"last_name":"Pitsch","full_name":"Pitsch, Heinz","first_name":"Heinz"},{"full_name":"Bieber, Malte","last_name":"Bieber","first_name":"Malte"},{"first_name":"Manuel","full_name":"Reddemann, Manuel","last_name":"Reddemann"},{"full_name":"Kneer, Reinhold","last_name":"Kneer","first_name":"Reinhold"}],"publisher":"International Congress of Particle Technology","date_updated":"2025-09-18T10:49:39Z","conference":{"start_date":"2023-09-26","name":"International Congress of Particle Technology","location":"Nürnberg","end_date":"2023-09-28"},"title":"Influence of atomization on the particle formation in spray flame pyrolysis (Presentation)","citation":{"bibtex":"@inproceedings{Massopo_Tischendorf_Schmid_Fröde_Grenga_Pitsch_Bieber_Reddemann_Kneer_2023, place={Nürnberg}, title={Influence of atomization on the particle formation in spray flame pyrolysis (Presentation)}, publisher={International Congress of Particle Technology}, author={Massopo, Orlando and Tischendorf, Ricardo and Schmid, Hans-Joachim and Fröde, Fabian and Grenga, Temistocle and Pitsch, Heinz and Bieber, Malte and Reddemann, Manuel and Kneer, Reinhold}, year={2023} }","mla":"Massopo, Orlando, et al. <i>Influence of Atomization on the Particle Formation in Spray Flame Pyrolysis (Presentation)</i>. International Congress of Particle Technology, 2023.","short":"O. Massopo, R. Tischendorf, H.-J. Schmid, F. Fröde, T. Grenga, H. Pitsch, M. Bieber, M. Reddemann, R. Kneer, in: International Congress of Particle Technology, Nürnberg, 2023.","apa":"Massopo, O., Tischendorf, R., Schmid, H.-J., Fröde, F., Grenga, T., Pitsch, H., Bieber, M., Reddemann, M., &#38; Kneer, R. (2023). <i>Influence of atomization on the particle formation in spray flame pyrolysis (Presentation)</i>. International Congress of Particle Technology, Nürnberg.","ama":"Massopo O, Tischendorf R, Schmid H-J, et al. Influence of atomization on the particle formation in spray flame pyrolysis (Presentation). In: International Congress of Particle Technology; 2023.","chicago":"Massopo, Orlando, Ricardo Tischendorf, Hans-Joachim Schmid, Fabian Fröde, Temistocle Grenga, Heinz Pitsch, Malte Bieber, Manuel Reddemann, and Reinhold Kneer. “Influence of Atomization on the Particle Formation in Spray Flame Pyrolysis (Presentation).” Nürnberg: International Congress of Particle Technology, 2023.","ieee":"O. Massopo <i>et al.</i>, “Influence of atomization on the particle formation in spray flame pyrolysis (Presentation),” presented at the International Congress of Particle Technology, Nürnberg, 2023."},"year":"2023","place":"Nürnberg","department":[{"_id":"150"}],"user_id":"98419","_id":"51147","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["Flame Stability","Particle Sample Extraction","SMPS","Impurities"],"type":"conference_abstract","status":"public"}]