---
_id: '48063'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "<jats:p>Brainwaves have demonstrated to be unique enough across individuals
    to be useful as biometrics. They also provide promising advantages over traditional
    means of authentication, such as resistance to external observability, revocability,
    and intrinsic liveness detection. However, most of the research so far has been
    conducted with expensive, bulky, medical-grade helmets, which offer limited applicability
    for everyday usage. With the aim to bring brainwave authentication and its benefits
    closer to real world deployment, we investigate brain biometrics with consumer
    devices. We conduct a comprehensive measurement experiment and user study that
    compare five authentication tasks on a user sample up to 10 times larger than
    those from previous studies, introducing three novel techniques based on cognitive
    semantic processing. Furthermore, we apply our analysis on high-quality open brainwave
    data obtained with a medical-grade headset, to assess the differences. We investigate
    both the performance, security, and usability of the different options and use
    this evidence to elicit design and research recommendations. Our results show
    that it is possible to achieve Equal Error Rates as low as 7.2% (a reduction between
    68–72% with respect to existing approaches) based on brain responses to images
    with current inexpensive technology. We show that the common practice of testing
    authentication systems only with known attacker data is unrealistic and may lead
    to overly optimistic evaluations. With regard to adoption, users call for simpler
    devices, faster authentication, and better privacy.</jats:p>\r\n          <jats:p
    />"
author:
- first_name: Patricia
  full_name: Arias-Cabarcos, Patricia
  last_name: Arias-Cabarcos
- first_name: Matin
  full_name: Fallahi, Matin
  last_name: Fallahi
- first_name: Thilo
  full_name: Habrich, Thilo
  last_name: Habrich
- first_name: Karen
  full_name: Schulze, Karen
  last_name: Schulze
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Becker, Christian
  last_name: Becker
- first_name: Thorsten
  full_name: Strufe, Thorsten
  last_name: Strufe
citation:
  ama: Arias-Cabarcos P, Fallahi M, Habrich T, Schulze K, Becker C, Strufe T. Performance
    and Usability Evaluation of Brainwave Authentication Techniques with Consumer
    Devices. <i>ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security</i>. 2023;26(3):1-36. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3579356">10.1145/3579356</a>
  apa: Arias-Cabarcos, P., Fallahi, M., Habrich, T., Schulze, K., Becker, C., &#38;
    Strufe, T. (2023). Performance and Usability Evaluation of Brainwave Authentication
    Techniques with Consumer Devices. <i>ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security</i>,
    <i>26</i>(3), 1–36. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3579356">https://doi.org/10.1145/3579356</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Arias-Cabarcos_Fallahi_Habrich_Schulze_Becker_Strufe_2023, title={Performance
    and Usability Evaluation of Brainwave Authentication Techniques with Consumer
    Devices}, volume={26}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3579356">10.1145/3579356</a>},
    number={3}, journal={ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security}, publisher={Association
    for Computing Machinery (ACM)}, author={Arias-Cabarcos, Patricia and Fallahi,
    Matin and Habrich, Thilo and Schulze, Karen and Becker, Christian and Strufe,
    Thorsten}, year={2023}, pages={1–36} }'
  chicago: 'Arias-Cabarcos, Patricia, Matin Fallahi, Thilo Habrich, Karen Schulze,
    Christian Becker, and Thorsten Strufe. “Performance and Usability Evaluation of
    Brainwave Authentication Techniques with Consumer Devices.” <i>ACM Transactions
    on Privacy and Security</i> 26, no. 3 (2023): 1–36. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3579356">https://doi.org/10.1145/3579356</a>.'
  ieee: 'P. Arias-Cabarcos, M. Fallahi, T. Habrich, K. Schulze, C. Becker, and T.
    Strufe, “Performance and Usability Evaluation of Brainwave Authentication Techniques
    with Consumer Devices,” <i>ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security</i>, vol.
    26, no. 3, pp. 1–36, 2023, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3579356">10.1145/3579356</a>.'
  mla: Arias-Cabarcos, Patricia, et al. “Performance and Usability Evaluation of Brainwave
    Authentication Techniques with Consumer Devices.” <i>ACM Transactions on Privacy
    and Security</i>, vol. 26, no. 3, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 2023,
    pp. 1–36, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3579356">10.1145/3579356</a>.
  short: P. Arias-Cabarcos, M. Fallahi, T. Habrich, K. Schulze, C. Becker, T. Strufe,
    ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security 26 (2023) 1–36.
date_created: 2023-10-14T12:11:55Z
date_updated: 2023-10-14T12:12:42Z
doi: 10.1145/3579356
intvolume: '        26'
issue: '3'
keyword:
- Safety
- Risk
- Reliability and Quality
- General Computer Science
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1-36
publication: ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2471-2566
  - 2471-2574
publication_status: published
publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
status: public
title: Performance and Usability Evaluation of Brainwave Authentication Techniques
  with Consumer Devices
type: journal_article
user_id: '92804'
volume: 26
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '48058'
author:
- first_name: Fabian
  full_name: Winkel, Fabian
  last_name: Winkel
- first_name: Johannes
  full_name: Deuse-Kleinsteuber, Johannes
  last_name: Deuse-Kleinsteuber
- first_name: Joachim
  full_name: Böcker, Joachim
  id: '66'
  last_name: Böcker
  orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
  ama: Winkel F, Deuse-Kleinsteuber J, Böcker J. Run-to-Failure Relay Dataset for
    Predictive Maintenance Research With Machine Learning. <i>IEEE Transactions on
    Reliability</i>. Published online 2023:1-14. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2023.3255786">10.1109/tr.2023.3255786</a>
  apa: Winkel, F., Deuse-Kleinsteuber, J., &#38; Böcker, J. (2023). Run-to-Failure
    Relay Dataset for Predictive Maintenance Research With Machine Learning. <i>IEEE
    Transactions on Reliability</i>, 1–14. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2023.3255786">https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2023.3255786</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Winkel_Deuse-Kleinsteuber_Böcker_2023, title={Run-to-Failure Relay
    Dataset for Predictive Maintenance Research With Machine Learning}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2023.3255786">10.1109/tr.2023.3255786</a>},
    journal={IEEE Transactions on Reliability}, publisher={Institute of Electrical
    and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)}, author={Winkel, Fabian and Deuse-Kleinsteuber,
    Johannes and Böcker, Joachim}, year={2023}, pages={1–14} }'
  chicago: Winkel, Fabian, Johannes Deuse-Kleinsteuber, and Joachim Böcker. “Run-to-Failure
    Relay Dataset for Predictive Maintenance Research With Machine Learning.” <i>IEEE
    Transactions on Reliability</i>, 2023, 1–14. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2023.3255786">https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2023.3255786</a>.
  ieee: 'F. Winkel, J. Deuse-Kleinsteuber, and J. Böcker, “Run-to-Failure Relay Dataset
    for Predictive Maintenance Research With Machine Learning,” <i>IEEE Transactions
    on Reliability</i>, pp. 1–14, 2023, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2023.3255786">10.1109/tr.2023.3255786</a>.'
  mla: Winkel, Fabian, et al. “Run-to-Failure Relay Dataset for Predictive Maintenance
    Research With Machine Learning.” <i>IEEE Transactions on Reliability</i>, Institute
    of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2023, pp. 1–14, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tr.2023.3255786">10.1109/tr.2023.3255786</a>.
  short: F. Winkel, J. Deuse-Kleinsteuber, J. Böcker, IEEE Transactions on Reliability
    (2023) 1–14.
date_created: 2023-10-14T12:01:41Z
date_updated: 2023-10-14T12:16:48Z
department:
- _id: '52'
doi: 10.1109/tr.2023.3255786
keyword:
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Safety
- Risk
- Reliability and Quality
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1-14
publication: IEEE Transactions on Reliability
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0018-9529
  - 1558-1721
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
status: public
title: Run-to-Failure Relay Dataset for Predictive Maintenance Research With Machine
  Learning
type: journal_article
user_id: '66'
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '46487'
article_number: '103936'
author:
- first_name: K.K.
  full_name: Zander, K.K.
  last_name: Zander
- first_name: D.
  full_name: Nguyen, D.
  last_name: Nguyen
- first_name: Milad
  full_name: Mirbabaie, Milad
  id: '88691'
  last_name: Mirbabaie
- first_name: S.T.
  full_name: Garnett, S.T.
  last_name: Garnett
citation:
  ama: 'Zander KK, Nguyen D, Mirbabaie M, Garnett ST. Aware but not prepared: understanding
    situational awareness during the century flood in Germany in 2021. <i>International
    Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction</i>. 2023;96. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103936">10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103936</a>'
  apa: 'Zander, K. K., Nguyen, D., Mirbabaie, M., &#38; Garnett, S. T. (2023). Aware
    but not prepared: understanding situational awareness during the century flood
    in Germany in 2021. <i>International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction</i>, <i>96</i>,
    Article 103936. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103936">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103936</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Zander_Nguyen_Mirbabaie_Garnett_2023, title={Aware but not prepared:
    understanding situational awareness during the century flood in Germany in 2021},
    volume={96}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103936">10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103936</a>},
    number={103936}, journal={International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction}, publisher={Elsevier
    BV}, author={Zander, K.K. and Nguyen, D. and Mirbabaie, Milad and Garnett, S.T.},
    year={2023} }'
  chicago: 'Zander, K.K., D. Nguyen, Milad Mirbabaie, and S.T. Garnett. “Aware but
    Not Prepared: Understanding Situational Awareness during the Century Flood in
    Germany in 2021.” <i>International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction</i> 96 (2023).
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103936">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103936</a>.'
  ieee: 'K. K. Zander, D. Nguyen, M. Mirbabaie, and S. T. Garnett, “Aware but not
    prepared: understanding situational awareness during the century flood in Germany
    in 2021,” <i>International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction</i>, vol. 96, Art.
    no. 103936, 2023, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103936">10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103936</a>.'
  mla: 'Zander, K. K., et al. “Aware but Not Prepared: Understanding Situational Awareness
    during the Century Flood in Germany in 2021.” <i>International Journal of Disaster
    Risk Reduction</i>, vol. 96, 103936, Elsevier BV, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103936">10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103936</a>.'
  short: K.K. Zander, D. Nguyen, M. Mirbabaie, S.T. Garnett, International Journal
    of Disaster Risk Reduction 96 (2023).
date_created: 2023-08-14T16:11:05Z
date_updated: 2023-08-28T16:50:17Z
doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103936
intvolume: '        96'
keyword:
- Geology
- Safety Research
- Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
- Building and Construction
language:
- iso: eng
publication: International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2212-4209
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
status: public
title: 'Aware but not prepared: understanding situational awareness during the century
  flood in Germany in 2021'
type: journal_article
user_id: '80546'
volume: 96
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '31844'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "<jats:p>Encrypting data before sending it to the cloud ensures data confidentiality
    but requires the cloud to compute on encrypted data. Trusted execution environments,
    such as Intel SGX enclaves, promise to provide a secure environment in which data
    can be decrypted and then processed. However, vulnerabilities in the executed
    program give attackers ample opportunities to execute arbitrary code inside the
    enclave. This code can modify the dataflow of the program and leak secrets via
    SGX side channels. Fully homomorphic encryption would be an alternative to compute
    on encrypted data without data leaks. However, due to its high computational complexity,
    its applicability to general-purpose computing remains limited. Researchers have
    made several proposals for transforming programs to perform encrypted computations
    on less powerful encryption schemes. Yet current approaches do not support programs
    making control-flow decisions based on encrypted data.</jats:p>\r\n          <jats:p>\r\n
    \           We introduce the concept of\r\n            <jats:italic>dataflow authentication</jats:italic>\r\n
    \           (DFAuth) to enable such programs. DFAuth prevents an adversary from
    arbitrarily deviating from the dataflow of a program. Our technique hence offers
    protections against the side-channel attacks described previously. We implemented
    two flavors of DFAuth, a Java bytecode-to-bytecode compiler, and an SGX enclave
    running a small and program-independent trusted code base. We applied DFAuth to
    a neural network performing machine learning on sensitive medical data and a smart
    charging scheduler for electric vehicles. Our transformation yields a neural network
    with encrypted weights, which can be evaluated on encrypted inputs in\r\n            <jats:inline-formula
    content-type=\"math/tex\">\r\n              <jats:tex-math notation=\"LaTeX\"
    version=\"MathJax\">\\( 12.55 \\,\\mathrm{m}\\mathrm{s} \\)</jats:tex-math>\r\n
    \           </jats:inline-formula>\r\n            . Our protected scheduler is
    capable of updating the encrypted charging plan in approximately 1.06 seconds.\r\n
    \         </jats:p>"
author:
- first_name: Andreas
  full_name: Fischer, Andreas
  last_name: Fischer
- first_name: Benny
  full_name: Fuhry, Benny
  last_name: Fuhry
- first_name: Jörn
  full_name: Kußmaul, Jörn
  last_name: Kußmaul
- first_name: Jonas
  full_name: Janneck, Jonas
  last_name: Janneck
- first_name: Florian
  full_name: Kerschbaum, Florian
  last_name: Kerschbaum
- first_name: Eric
  full_name: Bodden, Eric
  id: '59256'
  last_name: Bodden
  orcid: 0000-0003-3470-3647
citation:
  ama: Fischer A, Fuhry B, Kußmaul J, Janneck J, Kerschbaum F, Bodden E. Computation
    on Encrypted Data Using Dataflow Authentication. <i>ACM Transactions on Privacy
    and Security</i>. 2022;25(3):1-36. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3513005">10.1145/3513005</a>
  apa: Fischer, A., Fuhry, B., Kußmaul, J., Janneck, J., Kerschbaum, F., &#38; Bodden,
    E. (2022). Computation on Encrypted Data Using Dataflow Authentication. <i>ACM
    Transactions on Privacy and Security</i>, <i>25</i>(3), 1–36. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3513005">https://doi.org/10.1145/3513005</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Fischer_Fuhry_Kußmaul_Janneck_Kerschbaum_Bodden_2022, title={Computation
    on Encrypted Data Using Dataflow Authentication}, volume={25}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3513005">10.1145/3513005</a>},
    number={3}, journal={ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security}, publisher={Association
    for Computing Machinery (ACM)}, author={Fischer, Andreas and Fuhry, Benny and
    Kußmaul, Jörn and Janneck, Jonas and Kerschbaum, Florian and Bodden, Eric}, year={2022},
    pages={1–36} }'
  chicago: 'Fischer, Andreas, Benny Fuhry, Jörn Kußmaul, Jonas Janneck, Florian Kerschbaum,
    and Eric Bodden. “Computation on Encrypted Data Using Dataflow Authentication.”
    <i>ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security</i> 25, no. 3 (2022): 1–36. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3513005">https://doi.org/10.1145/3513005</a>.'
  ieee: 'A. Fischer, B. Fuhry, J. Kußmaul, J. Janneck, F. Kerschbaum, and E. Bodden,
    “Computation on Encrypted Data Using Dataflow Authentication,” <i>ACM Transactions
    on Privacy and Security</i>, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 1–36, 2022, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3513005">10.1145/3513005</a>.'
  mla: Fischer, Andreas, et al. “Computation on Encrypted Data Using Dataflow Authentication.”
    <i>ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security</i>, vol. 25, no. 3, Association for
    Computing Machinery (ACM), 2022, pp. 1–36, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3513005">10.1145/3513005</a>.
  short: A. Fischer, B. Fuhry, J. Kußmaul, J. Janneck, F. Kerschbaum, E. Bodden, ACM
    Transactions on Privacy and Security 25 (2022) 1–36.
date_created: 2022-06-09T10:28:03Z
date_updated: 2022-06-09T10:29:19Z
department:
- _id: '76'
doi: 10.1145/3513005
intvolume: '        25'
issue: '3'
keyword:
- Safety
- Risk
- Reliability and Quality
- General Computer Science
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1-36
publication: ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2471-2566
  - 2471-2574
publication_status: published
publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
status: public
title: Computation on Encrypted Data Using Dataflow Authentication
type: journal_article
user_id: '15249'
volume: 25
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '10779'
author:
- first_name: Zakarya
  full_name: Guettatfi, Zakarya
  last_name: Guettatfi
- first_name: Omar
  full_name: Kermia, Omar
  last_name: Kermia
- first_name: Abdelhakim
  full_name: Khouas, Abdelhakim
  last_name: Khouas
citation:
  ama: 'Guettatfi Z, Kermia O, Khouas A. Over effective hard real-time hardware tasks
    scheduling and allocation. In: <i>25th International Conference on Field Programmable
    Logic and Applications (FPL)</i>. Imperial College; 2015. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2015.7293994">10.1109/FPL.2015.7293994</a>'
  apa: Guettatfi, Z., Kermia, O., &#38; Khouas, A. (2015). Over effective hard real-time
    hardware tasks scheduling and allocation. In <i>25th International Conference
    on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL)</i>. Imperial College. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2015.7293994">https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2015.7293994</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Guettatfi_Kermia_Khouas_2015, title={Over effective hard
    real-time hardware tasks scheduling and allocation}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2015.7293994">10.1109/FPL.2015.7293994</a>},
    booktitle={25th International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications
    (FPL)}, publisher={Imperial College}, author={Guettatfi, Zakarya and Kermia, Omar
    and Khouas, Abdelhakim}, year={2015} }'
  chicago: Guettatfi, Zakarya, Omar Kermia, and Abdelhakim Khouas. “Over Effective
    Hard Real-Time Hardware Tasks Scheduling and Allocation.” In <i>25th International
    Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL)</i>. Imperial College,
    2015. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2015.7293994">https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2015.7293994</a>.
  ieee: Z. Guettatfi, O. Kermia, and A. Khouas, “Over effective hard real-time hardware
    tasks scheduling and allocation,” in <i>25th International Conference on Field
    Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL)</i>, 2015.
  mla: Guettatfi, Zakarya, et al. “Over Effective Hard Real-Time Hardware Tasks Scheduling
    and Allocation.” <i>25th International Conference on Field Programmable Logic
    and Applications (FPL)</i>, Imperial College, 2015, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/FPL.2015.7293994">10.1109/FPL.2015.7293994</a>.
  short: 'Z. Guettatfi, O. Kermia, A. Khouas, in: 25th International Conference on
    Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL), Imperial College, 2015.'
date_created: 2019-07-10T12:11:36Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:50:50Z
department:
- _id: '78'
doi: 10.1109/FPL.2015.7293994
extern: '1'
keyword:
- embedded systems
- field programmable gate arrays
- operating systems (computers)
- scheduling
- μC/OS-II
- FPGAs
- OS foundation
- SafeRTOS
- Xenomai
- chip utilization ration
- complex time constraints
- embedded systems
- hard real-time hardware task allocation
- hard real-time hardware task scheduling
- hardware-software real-time operating systems
- partially reconfigurable field-programmable gate arrays
- resource constraints
- safety-critical RTOS
- Field programmable gate arrays
- Hardware
- Job shop scheduling
- Real-time systems
- Shape
- Software
language:
- iso: eng
publication: 25th International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications
  (FPL)
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1946-147X
publisher: Imperial College
status: public
title: Over effective hard real-time hardware tasks scheduling and allocation
type: conference
user_id: '398'
year: '2015'
...
---
_id: '39483'
author:
- first_name: F.F.
  full_name: Vidor, F.F.
  last_name: Vidor
- first_name: G.I.
  full_name: Wirth, G.I.
  last_name: Wirth
- first_name: Ulrich
  full_name: Hilleringmann, Ulrich
  id: '20179'
  last_name: Hilleringmann
citation:
  ama: Vidor FF, Wirth GI, Hilleringmann U. Low temperature fabrication of a ZnO nanoparticle
    thin-film transistor suitable for flexible electronics. <i>Microelectronics Reliability</i>.
    2014;54(12):2760-2765. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2014.07.147">10.1016/j.microrel.2014.07.147</a>
  apa: Vidor, F. F., Wirth, G. I., &#38; Hilleringmann, U. (2014). Low temperature
    fabrication of a ZnO nanoparticle thin-film transistor suitable for flexible electronics.
    <i>Microelectronics Reliability</i>, <i>54</i>(12), 2760–2765. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2014.07.147">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2014.07.147</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Vidor_Wirth_Hilleringmann_2014, title={Low temperature fabrication
    of a ZnO nanoparticle thin-film transistor suitable for flexible electronics},
    volume={54}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2014.07.147">10.1016/j.microrel.2014.07.147</a>},
    number={12}, journal={Microelectronics Reliability}, publisher={Elsevier BV},
    author={Vidor, F.F. and Wirth, G.I. and Hilleringmann, Ulrich}, year={2014}, pages={2760–2765}
    }'
  chicago: 'Vidor, F.F., G.I. Wirth, and Ulrich Hilleringmann. “Low Temperature Fabrication
    of a ZnO Nanoparticle Thin-Film Transistor Suitable for Flexible Electronics.”
    <i>Microelectronics Reliability</i> 54, no. 12 (2014): 2760–65. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2014.07.147">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2014.07.147</a>.'
  ieee: 'F. F. Vidor, G. I. Wirth, and U. Hilleringmann, “Low temperature fabrication
    of a ZnO nanoparticle thin-film transistor suitable for flexible electronics,”
    <i>Microelectronics Reliability</i>, vol. 54, no. 12, pp. 2760–2765, 2014, doi:
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2014.07.147">10.1016/j.microrel.2014.07.147</a>.'
  mla: Vidor, F. F., et al. “Low Temperature Fabrication of a ZnO Nanoparticle Thin-Film
    Transistor Suitable for Flexible Electronics.” <i>Microelectronics Reliability</i>,
    vol. 54, no. 12, Elsevier BV, 2014, pp. 2760–65, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2014.07.147">10.1016/j.microrel.2014.07.147</a>.
  short: F.F. Vidor, G.I. Wirth, U. Hilleringmann, Microelectronics Reliability 54
    (2014) 2760–2765.
date_created: 2023-01-24T11:25:42Z
date_updated: 2023-03-22T10:15:06Z
department:
- _id: '59'
doi: 10.1016/j.microrel.2014.07.147
intvolume: '        54'
issue: '12'
keyword:
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Surfaces
- Coatings and Films
- Safety
- Risk
- Reliability and Quality
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- and Optics
- Electronic
- Optical and Magnetic Materials
language:
- iso: eng
page: 2760-2765
publication: Microelectronics Reliability
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0026-2714
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
status: public
title: Low temperature fabrication of a ZnO nanoparticle thin-film transistor suitable
  for flexible electronics
type: journal_article
user_id: '20179'
volume: 54
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '38784'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: This article presents the classification tree method for functional verification
    to close the gap from the specification of a test plan to SystemVerilog (Chandra
    and Chakrabarty, 2001) test bench generation. Our method supports the systematic
    development of test configurations and is based on the classification tree method
    for embedded systems (CTM/ES) (Chakrabarty et al., 2000) extending CTM/ES for
    random test generation as well as for functional coverage and property specification
author:
- first_name: Alexander
  full_name: Krupp, Alexander
  last_name: Krupp
- first_name: Wolfgang
  full_name: Müller, Wolfgang
  id: '16243'
  last_name: Müller
citation:
  ama: 'Krupp A, Müller W. Classification Trees for Functional Coverage and Random
    Test Generation. In: <i>Proceedings of the Design Automation &#38; Test in Europe
    Conference</i>. IEEE; 2006. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/DATE.2006.243902">10.1109/DATE.2006.243902</a>'
  apa: Krupp, A., &#38; Müller, W. (2006). Classification Trees for Functional Coverage
    and Random Test Generation. <i>Proceedings of the Design Automation &#38; Test
    in Europe Conference</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/DATE.2006.243902">https://doi.org/10.1109/DATE.2006.243902</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krupp_Müller_2006, place={Munich, Germany}, title={Classification
    Trees for Functional Coverage and Random Test Generation}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/DATE.2006.243902">10.1109/DATE.2006.243902</a>},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the Design Automation &#38; Test in Europe Conference},
    publisher={IEEE}, author={Krupp, Alexander and Müller, Wolfgang}, year={2006}
    }'
  chicago: 'Krupp, Alexander, and Wolfgang Müller. “Classification Trees for Functional
    Coverage and Random Test Generation.” In <i>Proceedings of the Design Automation
    &#38; Test in Europe Conference</i>. Munich, Germany: IEEE, 2006. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/DATE.2006.243902">https://doi.org/10.1109/DATE.2006.243902</a>.'
  ieee: 'A. Krupp and W. Müller, “Classification Trees for Functional Coverage and
    Random Test Generation,” 2006, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/DATE.2006.243902">10.1109/DATE.2006.243902</a>.'
  mla: Krupp, Alexander, and Wolfgang Müller. “Classification Trees for Functional
    Coverage and Random Test Generation.” <i>Proceedings of the Design Automation
    &#38; Test in Europe Conference</i>, IEEE, 2006, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/DATE.2006.243902">10.1109/DATE.2006.243902</a>.
  short: 'A. Krupp, W. Müller, in: Proceedings of the Design Automation &#38; Test
    in Europe Conference, IEEE, Munich, Germany, 2006.'
date_created: 2023-01-24T08:06:09Z
date_updated: 2023-01-24T08:06:14Z
department:
- _id: '672'
doi: 10.1109/DATE.2006.243902
keyword:
- Classification tree analysis
- System testing
- Embedded system
- Safety
- Automatic testing
- Automation
language:
- iso: eng
place: Munich, Germany
publication: Proceedings of the Design Automation & Test in Europe Conference
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - 3-9810801-1-4
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Classification Trees for Functional Coverage and Random Test Generation
type: conference
user_id: '5786'
year: '2006'
...
