@inproceedings{4411,
  abstract     = {{While a lot of research in distributed computing has covered solutions for self-stabilizing computing and topologies, there is far less work on self-stabilization for distributed data structures.
Considering crashing peers in peer-to-peer networks, it should not be taken for granted that a distributed data structure remains intact.
In this work, we present a self-stabilizing protocol for a distributed data structure called the hashed Patricia Trie (Kniesburges and Scheideler WALCOM'11) that enables efficient prefix search on a set of keys.
The data structure has a wide area of applications including string matching problems while offering low overhead and efficient operations when embedded on top of a distributed hash table.
Especially, longest prefix matching for $x$ can be done in $\mathcal{O}(\log |x|)$ hash table read accesses.
We show how to maintain the structure in a self-stabilizing way.
Our protocol assures low overhead in a legal state and a total (asymptotically optimal) memory demand of $\Theta(d)$ bits, where $d$ is the number of bits needed for storing all keys.}},
  author       = {{Knollmann, Till and Scheideler, Christian}},
  booktitle    = {{Proceedings of the 20th International Symposium on Stabilization, Safety, and Security of Distributed Systems (SSS)}},
  editor       = {{Izumi, Taisuke and Kuznetsov, Petr}},
  keywords     = {{Self-Stabilizing, Prefix Search, Distributed Data Structure}},
  location     = {{Tokyo}},
  publisher    = {{Springer, Cham}},
  title        = {{{A Self-Stabilizing Hashed Patricia Trie}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/978-3-030-03232-6_1}},
  volume       = {{11201}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}

@inproceedings{9999,
  abstract     = {{Ultrasonic wire bonding is an indispensable process in the industrial manufacturing of semiconductor devices. Copper wire is increasingly replacing the well-established aluminium wire because of its superior electrical, thermal and mechanical properties. Copper wire processes differ significantly from aluminium processes and are more sensitive to disturbances, which reduces the range of parameter values suitable for a stable process. Disturbances can be compensated by an adaption of process parameters, but finding suitable parameters manually is difficult and time-consuming. This paper presents a physical model of the ultrasonic wire bonding process including the friction contact between tool and wire. This model yields novel insights into the process. A prototype of a multi-objective optimizing bonding machine (MOBM) is presented. It uses multi-objective optimization, based on the complete process model, to automatically select the best operating point as a compromise of concurrent objectives.}},
  author       = {{Unger, Andreas and Hunstig, Matthias and Meyer, Tobias and Brökelmann, Michael and Sextro, Walter}},
  booktitle    = {{In Proceedings of IMAPS 2018 – 51st Symposium on Microelectronics, Pasadena, CA, 2018}},
  keywords     = {{wire bonding, multi-objective optimization, process model, copper wire, self-optimization}},
  title        = {{{Intelligent Production of Wire Bonds using Multi-Objective Optimization – Insights, Opportunities and Challenges}}},
  doi          = {{10.4071/2380-4505-2018.1.000572}},
  volume       = {{Vol. 2018, No. 1, pp. 000572-000577.}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}

@inproceedings{44,
  abstract     = {{Natural language software requirements descriptions enable end users to formulate their wishes and expectations for a future software product without much prior knowledge in requirements engineering. However, these descriptions are susceptible to linguistic inaccuracies such as ambiguities and incompleteness that can harm the development process. There is a number of software solutions that can detect deficits in requirements descriptions and partially solve them, but they are often hard to use and not suitable for end users. For this reason, we develop a software system that helps end-users to create unambiguous and complete requirements descriptions by combining existing expert tools and controlling them using automatic compensation strategies. In order to recognize the necessity of individual compensation methods in the descriptions, we have developed linguistic indicators, which we present in this paper. Based on these indicators, the whole text analysis pipeline is ad-hoc configured and thus adapted to the individual circumstances of a requirements description.}},
  author       = {{Bäumer, Frederik Simon and Geierhos, Michaela}},
  booktitle    = {{Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences}},
  isbn         = {{978-0-9981331-1-9}},
  keywords     = {{Software Product Lines: Engineering, Services, and Management, Ambiguities, Incompleteness, Natural Language Processing, Software Requirements}},
  location     = {{Big Island, Waikoloa Village}},
  pages        = {{5746--5755}},
  title        = {{{Flexible Ambiguity Resolution and Incompleteness Detection in Requirements Descriptions via an Indicator-based Configuration of Text Analysis Pipelines}}},
  doi          = {{10125/50609}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}

@article{32158,
  abstract     = {{Sociogenesis addresses a pervasive problem in psychology given by Cartesian dualism that assigns the mental an inner locus apart from material activity. Aligning ourselves to the ongoing critical discussions of interiorization in psychology, we explore the crucial notion of space by highlighting language as sociocultural and dialogical activity performed by other-oriented individuals. We discuss space in terms of the “language spacetime”, a symbolic, embodied formation of mutually positioned speaking and listening selves. This leads beyond the “inside-outside” container metaphor and allows for a reformulation of interiorization. Interiorization is conceptualized as a continuous series of different, though mutually related movements between self and other and self and self that lead to and are supported by specific formations in language activity: reversion, transposition, and decoupling. Along a short passage of a video-based interview, we trace the reversion of dialogical positions within the addressivity constellation of the two interlocutors, their interactive creation of a heterotopic spacetime, and the decoupling of one speaker's psychological activity from the concrete here-and-now and the present other by moving and acting into this new sphere. Interiorization appears as a movement at the border of past, present, and possible future(s).}},
  author       = {{Bertau, Marie-Cécile and Karsten, Andrea}},
  issn         = {{0732-118X}},
  journal      = {{New Ideas in Psychology}},
  keywords     = {{Interiorization, Dialogical self, Language activity, Voice, Vygotsky, Heterotopia, Video-confrontation}},
  pages        = {{7--17}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier BV}},
  title        = {{{Reconsidering interiorization: Self moving across language spacetimes}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.newideapsych.2017.12.001}},
  volume       = {{49}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}

@article{4419,
  abstract     = {{Research on entrepreneurial learning highlights the importance of experience and prior knowledge to entrepreneurial success. However, a conundrum remains and we are still seeking answers as to why some novice entrepreneurs learn successfully from their experiences and succeed, while some experienced entrepreneurs fail with their ventures. In order to advance the discussion about the role of experience during entrepreneurial learning, our critical reflection aims to (1) highlight some of the shortcomings of experiential learning theory (ELT) and (2) illustrate how alternative theoretical perspectives have the potential to advance our conceptual understanding of entrepreneurial learning processes. We argue for an explanation of entrepreneurial learning as a dynamic and self-regulated process that relies on planning, monitoring, and self-reflection.}},
  author       = {{Fust, Alexander Paul and Jenert, Tobias and Winkler, Christoph}},
  journal      = {{Entrepreneurship Research Journal}},
  keywords     = {{entrepreneurial learning, experiential learning, self-regulated learning}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{1--11}},
  publisher    = {{de @Gruyter}},
  title        = {{{Experiential or Self-Regulated Learning: A Critical Reflection of Entrepreneurial Learning Processes}}},
  volume       = {{8}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}

@phdthesis{9994,
  abstract     = {{Reliability-adaptive systems allow an adaptation of system behavior based on current system reliability. They can extend their lifetime at the cost of lowered performance or vice versa. This can be used to adapt failure behavior according to a maintenance plan, thus increasing availability while using up system capability fully. To facilitate setup, a control algorithm independent of a degradation model is desired. A closed loop control technique for reliability based on a health index, a measure for system degradation, is introduced. It uses self-optimization as means to implement behavior adaptation. This is based on selecting the priorities of objectives that the system pursues. Possible working points are computed beforehand using model-based multiobjective optimization techniques. The controller selects the priorities of objectives and this way balances reliability and performance. As exemplary application, an automatically actuated single plate dry clutch is introduced. The entire reliability control is setup and lifetime experiments are conducted. Results show that the variance of time to failure is reduced greatly, making the failure behavior more predictable. At the same time, the desired usable lifetime can be extended at the cost of system performance to allow for changed maintenance intervals. Together, these possibilities allow for greater system usage and better planning of maintenance.}},
  author       = {{Meyer, Tobias}},
  keywords     = {{dependability, reliability, behavior adaptation, self-optimization, multiobjective optimization, optimal control, automotive drivetrain, clutch system, reliability-adaptive system}},
  publisher    = {{Shaker}},
  title        = {{{Optimization-based reliability control of mechatronic systems}}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}

@article{64054,
  abstract     = {{In this work, the preparation of porous hybrid particle-based films by core-shell particle design and convenient film preparation is reported. Monodisperse core particles consisting of poly(methyl methacrylate‑co‑allyl methacrylate) (P(MMA‑co‑ALMA)) were synthesized by starved-feed emulsion polymerization followed by the introduction of an initiator-containing monomer (inimer) for subsequent atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The inimer shell allowed for the introduction of allylhydrido polycarbosilane (SMP-10) under ATRP conditions by grafting to the core particles. The functionalization of the prepared core-shell particles was investigated by IR spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and solid-state NMR combined with dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). The obtained hard core/soft preceramic shell particles were subjected to the melt-shear organization technique, enabling a convenient alignment into a colloidal crystal structure in one single step without the presence of a dispersion medium or solvent for the designed particles. Moreover, the hybrid particle-based films were converted into a porous ceramic structure upon thermal treatment. As a result, freestanding ceramic porous films have been obtained after degradation of the organic template core particles. Noteworthy, the conversion of the matrix material consisting of SMP-10 into the ceramic occurred with preservation of the pristine colloidal crystal template structure. Herein, the first example of core-shell particle preparation by combining different polymerization methodologies and application of the convenient melt-shear organization technique is shown, paving a new way to ceramic materials with tailored morphology and porosity.}},
  author       = {{Vowinkel, Steffen and Boehm, Anna and Schäfer, Timmy and Gutmann, Torsten and Ionescu, Emanuel and Gallei, Markus}},
  journal      = {{Materials & Design}},
  keywords     = {{emulsion polymerization, self-assembly, ATRP, Colloidal crystal, Hybrid film, Particle processing}},
  pages        = {{926–935}},
  title        = {{{Preceramic core-shell particles for the preparation of hybrid colloidal crystal films by melt-shear organization and conversion into porous ceramics}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.matdes.2018.10.032}},
  volume       = {{160}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}

@article{4947,
  abstract     = {{Manufacturers increasingly integrate information and communication technologies into their products so that they can provide IT-based services. Organizations that formerly concentrated on transactional sales thus confront a new challenge associated with managing service usage—retention and extracting value from investments in smart technology. This study combines a marketing and an information systems perspective in a field study conducted jointly with a large European car manufacturer. Understanding the renewal decision for IT-based service contracts requires knowledge from both disciplines. The paper shows that combining behavioral predictor variables stemming from marketing research and technology-related perceptual variables stemming from technology acceptance research increases the explanatory power and prediction accuracy of forecasting models for customer renewal decisions. Specifically, the authors show that perceptions of usefulness become more important the longer customers use IT-based services and the more services they use within the service contract.}},
  author       = {{Wangenheim, Florian v and Wünderlich, Nancy and Schumann, Jan H}},
  journal      = {{Journal of Business Research}},
  keywords     = {{IT-based service, Smart services, Contract renewal, Retention, Customer churn, Free trial}},
  number       = {{79}},
  pages        = {{181----188}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  title        = {{{Renew or cancel? Drivers of customer renewal decisions for IT-based service contracts}}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}

@inproceedings{9978,
  abstract     = {{Piezoelectric transducers are used in a wide range of applications. Reliability of these transducers is an important aspect in their application. Prognostics, which involve continuous monitoring of the health of technical systems and using this information to estimate the current health state and consequently predict the remaining useful lifetime (RUL), can be used to increase the reliability, safety, and availability of the transducers. This is achieved by utilizing the health state and RUL predictions to adaptively control the usage of the components or to schedule appropriate maintenance without interrupting operation. In this work, a prognostic approach utilizing self-sensing, where electric signals of a piezoelectric transducer are used as the condition monitoring data, is proposed. The approach involves training machine learning algorithms to model the degradation of the transducers through a health index and the use of the learned model to estimate the health index of similar transducers. The current health index is then used to estimate RUL of test components. The feasibility of the approach is demonstrated using piezoelectric bimorphs and the results show that the method is accurate in predicting the health index and RUL.}},
  author       = {{Kimotho, James Kuria and Sextro, Walter and Hemsel, Tobias}},
  booktitle    = {{IEEE Transactions on Reliability}},
  keywords     = {{Estimation of Remaining Useful Lifetime of Piezoelectric Transducers Based on Self-Sensing}},
  pages        = {{1 -- 10}},
  title        = {{{Estimation of Remaining Useful Lifetime of Piezoelectric Transducers Based on Self-Sensing}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/TR.2017.2710260}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}

@inproceedings{10780,
  author       = {{Guettatfi, Zakarya and Hübner, Philipp and Platzner, Marco and Rinner, Bernhard}},
  booktitle    = {{12th International Symposium on Reconfigurable Communication-centric Systems-on-Chip (ReCoSoC)}},
  keywords     = {{embedded systems, image sensors, power aware computing, wireless sensor networks, Zynq-based VSN node prototype, computational self-awareness, design approach, platform levels, power consumption, visual sensor networks, visual sensor nodes, Cameras, Hardware, Middleware, Multicore processing, Operating systems, Runtime, Reconfigurable platforms, distributed embedded systems, performance-resource trade-off, self-awareness, visual sensor nodes}},
  pages        = {{1--8}},
  title        = {{{Computational self-awareness as design approach for visual sensor nodes}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/ReCoSoC.2017.8016147}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}

@inproceedings{5829,
  abstract     = {{Websites increasingly embed semantic data for search engine optimization. The most common ontology for semantic data, schema.org, is supported by all major search engines and describes over 500 data types, including calendar events, recipes, products, and TV shows. As of today, users wishing to pass this data to their favorite applications, e.g., their calendars, cookbooks, price comparison applications or even smart devices such as TV receivers, rely on cumbersome and error-prone workarounds such as reentering the data or a series of copy and paste operations. In this paper, we present Semantic Data Mediator (SDM), an approach that allows the easy transfer of semantic data to a multitude of services, ranging from web services to applications installed on different devices. SDM extracts semantic data from the currently displayed web page on the client-side, offers suitable services to the user, and by the press of a button, forwards this data to the desired service while doing all the necessary data conversion and service interface adaptation in between. To realize this, we built a reusable repository of service descriptions, data converters, and service adapters, which can be extended by the crowd. Our approach for linking services to websites relies solely on semantic data and does not require any additional support by either website or service developers. We have fully implemented our approach and present a real-world case study demonstrating its feasibility and usefulness.}},
  author       = {{Wolters, Dennis and Heindorf, Stefan and Kirchhoff, Jonas and Engels, Gregor}},
  booktitle    = {{2017 IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS)}},
  editor       = {{Altintas, Ilkay and Chen, Shiping}},
  isbn         = {{9781538607527}},
  keywords     = {{Services, Websites, Semantic Data, schema.org, Data Conversion, Interface Adaptation, Mediation}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE}},
  title        = {{{Linking Services to Websites by Leveraging Semantic Data}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/icws.2017.80}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}

@article{29462,
  abstract     = {{Time-variant age information of different parts of a system can be used for system-level performance improvement through high-level task scheduling, thus extending the life-time of the system. Progressive age information should provide the age state that the system is in, and the rate that it is being aged at. In this paper, we propose a structure that monitors certain paths of a circuit and detects its gradual age growth, and provides the aging rate and aging state of the circuit. The proposed monitors are placed on a selected set of nodes that represent a timing bottleneck of the system. These monitors sample expected data on these nodes, and compare them with the expected values. The timing of sampling changes as the circuit ages and its delay increases. The timing of sampling will provide a measure of aging advancement of a circuit. To assess the efficacy of the proposed method and compare it with other state-of-the-art aging monitors, we use them on selected nodes of the execution unit of different processors, as well as some circuits from ITC99 benchmarks. The results reveal that the precision of our proposed method is between 0.12 (ns) to 0.401 (ns). Its Area and power overhead are negligible and are about 2.13 and 0.69 percent respectively.}},
  author       = {{Sadeghi-Kohan, Somayeh and Kamal, Mehdi and Navabi, Zainalabedin}},
  issn         = {{2168-6750}},
  journal      = {{IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing}},
  keywords     = {{Age advancement, age monitoring clock, aging rate, self-adjusting monitors}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{627--641}},
  publisher    = {{Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)}},
  title        = {{{Self-Adjusting Monitor for Measuring Aging Rate and Advancement}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/tetc.2017.2771441}},
  volume       = {{8}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}

@article{64053,
  abstract     = {{The utilization and preparation of functional hybrid films for optical sensing applications and membranes is of utmost importance. In this work, we report the convenient and scalable preparation of self-crosslinking particle-based films derived by directed self-assembly of alkoxysilane-based cross-linkers as part of a core-shell particle architecture. The synthesis of well-designed monodisperse core-shell particles by emulsion polymerization is the basic prerequisite for subsequent particle processing via the melt-shear organization technique. In more detail, the core particles consist of polystyrene (PS) or poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), while the comparably soft particle shell consists of poly(ethyl acrylate) (PEA) and different alkoxysilane-based poly(methacrylate)s. For hybrid film formation and convenient self-cross-linking, different alkyl groups at the siloxane moieties were investigated in detail by solid-state Magic-Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS, NMR) spectroscopy revealing different crosslinking capabilities, which strongly influence the properties of the core or shell particle films with respect to transparency and iridescent reflection colors. Furthermore, solid-state NMR spectroscopy and investigation of the thermal properties by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements allow for insights into the cross-linking capabilities prior to and after synthesis, as well as after the thermally and pressure-induced processing steps. Subsequently, free-standing and self-crosslinked particle-based films featuring excellent particle order are obtained by application of the melt-shear organization technique, as shown by microscopy (TEM, SEM).}},
  author       = {{Vowinkel, S. and Paul, S. and Gutmann, Torsten and Gallei, M.}},
  issn         = {{2079-4991}},
  journal      = {{Nanomaterials}},
  keywords     = {{Materials Science, Science & Technology - Other Topics, solid-state nmr, spectroscopy, catalysts, colloidal crystals, colloids, cross-linking, elastomeric opal films, emulsion polymerization, gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, hybrid films, melt-shear organization, nanoparticles, particle, photons, polymers, processing, self-assembly, transition}},
  number       = {{11}},
  pages        = {{390}},
  title        = {{{Free-Standing and Self-Crosslinkable Hybrid Films by Core-Shell Particle Design and Processing}}},
  doi          = {{10.3390/nano7110390}},
  volume       = {{7}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}

@article{64057,
  abstract     = {{Self-assembly of nanoparticles (NPs) forming unique structures has been investigated extensively over the past few years. However, many self-assembled structures by NPs are irreversible, because they are generally constructed using their suspensions. It is still challenging for NPs to reversibly self-assemble in dry state, let alone of polymeric NPs with general sizes of hundreds of nm. Herein, this study reports a new reversible self-assembly phenomenon of NPs in dry state, forming thermoreversible strip-like supermolecular structures. These novel NPs of around 150 nm are perfluorinated surface-undecenoated cellulose nanoparticles (FSU-CNPs) with a core-coronas structure. The thermoreversible self-assembled structure is formed after drying in the air at the interface between FSU-CNP films and Teflon substrates. Remarkably, the formation and dissociation of this assembled structure are accompanied by a reversible conversion of the surface hydrophobicity, film transparency, and anisotropic properties. These findings show novel feasibility of reversible self-assembly of NPs in dry state, and thereby expand our knowledge of self-assembly phenomenon.}},
  author       = {{Wang, Yonggui and Groszewicz, Pedro B. and Rosenfeldt, Sabine and Schmidt, Hendrik and Volkert, Cynthia A. and Vana, Philipp and Gutmann, Torsten and Buntkowsky, Gerd and Zhang, Kai}},
  journal      = {{Advanced Materials}},
  keywords     = {{nanoparticles, self-assembly, cellulose, core-coronas structure, thermoreversible}},
  pages        = {{1702473}},
  title        = {{{Thermoreversible Self-Assembly of Perfluorinated Core-Coronas Cellulose-Nanoparticles in Dry State}}},
  doi          = {{10.1002/adma.201702473}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}

@inproceedings{9966,
  abstract     = {{Usage of copper wire bonds allows to push power boundaries imposed by aluminum wire bonds. Copper allows higher electrical, thermal and mechanical loads than aluminum, which currently is the most commonly used material in heavy wire bonding. This is the main driving factor for increased usage of copper in high power applications such as wind turbines, locomotives or electric vehicles. At the same time, usage of copper also increases tool wear and reduces the range of parameter values for a stable process, making the process more challenging. To overcome these drawbacks, parameter adaptation at runtime using self-optimization is desired. A self-optimizing system is based on system objectives that evaluate and quantify system performance. System parameters can be changed at runtime such that pre-selected objective values are reached. For adaptation of bond process parameters, model-based self-optimization is employed. Since it is based on a model of the system, the bond process was modeled. In addition to static model parameters such as wire and substrate material properties and vibration characteristics of transducer and tool, variable model inputs are process parameters. Main simulation result is bonded area in the wiresubstrate contact. This model is then used to find valid and optimal working points before operation. The working point is composed of normal force and ultrasonic voltage trajectories, which are usually determined experimentally. Instead, multiobjective optimalization is used to compute trajectories that simultaneously optimize bond quality, process duration, tool wear and probability of tool-substrate contacts. The values of these objectives are computed using the process model. At runtime, selection among pre-determined optimal working points is sufficient to prioritize individual objectives. This way, the computationally expensive process of numerically solving a multiobjective optimal control problem and the demanding high speed bonding process are separated. To evaluate to what extent the pre-defined goals of self-optimization are met, an offthe- shelf heavy wire bonding machine was modified to allow for parameter adaptation and for transmitting of measurement data at runtime. This data is received by an external computer system and evaluated to select a new working point. Then, new process parameters are sent to the modified bonding machine for use for subsequent bonds. With these components, a full self-optimizing system has been implemented.}},
  author       = {{Meyer , Tobias and Unger, Andreas and Althoff, Simon and Sextro, Walter and Brökelmann, Michael and Hunstig, Matthias and Guth, Karsten}},
  booktitle    = {{IEEE 66th Electronic Components and Technology Conference}},
  keywords     = {{Self-optimization, adaptive system, bond process, copper wire}},
  pages        = {{622--628}},
  title        = {{{Reliable Manufacturing of Heavy Copper Wire Bonds Using Online Parameter Adaptation}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/ECTC.2016.215}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}

@article{1772,
  author       = {{Torresen, Jim and Plessl, Christian and Yao, Xin}},
  journal      = {{IEEE Computer}},
  keywords     = {{self-awareness, self-expression}},
  number       = {{7}},
  pages        = {{18--20}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE Computer Society}},
  title        = {{{Self-Aware and Self-Expressive Systems – Guest Editor's Introduction}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/MC.2015.205}},
  volume       = {{48}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}

@article{5701,
  abstract     = {{Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to craft a future research agenda to advance smart service research and practice. Smart services are delivered to or via intelligent objects that feature awareness and connectivity. For service researchers and managers, one of the most fascinating aspects of smart service provision is that the connected object is able to sense its own condition and its surroundings and thus allows for real-time data collection, continuous communication and interactive feedback. 

Design/methodology/approach
– This article is based on discussions in the workshop on “Fresh perspectives on technology in service” at the International Network of Service Researchers on September 26, 2014 at CTF, Karlstad, Sweden. The paper summarizes the discussion on smart services, adds an extensive literature review, provides examples from business practice and develops a structured approach to new research avenues. 

Findings
– We propose that smart services vary on their individual level of autonomous decision-making, visibility and embeddedness in objects and customer lives. Based on a discussion of these characteristics, we identify research avenues regarding the perception and nature of smart services, the adoption of smart services, the innovation through smart services as well as regarding the development of new business models. 

Originality/value
– Smart services is a new emerging topic in service marketing research, their implications on organizations, customers and the service landscape have not been fully explored. We provide a fresh perspective on service research by characterizing relevant aspects of smart service that will stimulate fruitful future research and advance the understanding and practice of smart services.}},
  author       = {{Wünderlich, Nancy and Heinonen, Kristina and Ostrom, Amy L and Patricio, Lia and Sousa, Rui and Voss, Chris and Lemmink, Jos}},
  journal      = {{Journal of Services Marketing}},
  keywords     = {{Connected services, Intelligent object, New service type, Smart services}},
  number       = {{6/7}},
  pages        = {{442--447}},
  publisher    = {{Emerald Group Publishing Limited}},
  title        = {{{Futurizing” Smart Service: Implications for Service Researchers and Managers.}}},
  volume       = {{29}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}

@article{5704,
  abstract     = {{Advancements in information technology have changed the way customers experience a service encounter and their relationship with service providers. Especially technology-based self-service channels have found their way into the 21st century service economy. While research embraces these channels for their cost-efficiency, it has not examined whether a shift from personal to self-service affects customer–firm relationships. Drawing from the service-dominant logic and its central concept of value-in-context, we discuss customers’ value creation in self-service and personal service channels and examine the long-term impact of these channels on customer retention. Using longitudinal customer data, we investigate how the ratio of self-service versus personal service use influences customer defection over time. Our findings suggest that the ratio of self-service to personal service used affects customer defection in a U-shaped manner, with intermediate levels of both self-service and personal service use being associated with the lowest likelihood of defection. We also find that this effect mitigates over time. We conclude that firms should not shift customers toward self-service channels completely, especially not at the beginning of a relationship. Our study underlines the importance of understanding when and how self-service technologies create valuable customer experiences and stresses the notion of actively managing customers’ cocreation of value. }},
  author       = {{Scherer, Anne and Wünderlich, Nancy and Von Wangenheim, Florian}},
  issn         = {{0276-7783.}},
  journal      = {{MIS Quarterly}},
  keywords     = {{customer defection, customer retention, e-service, longitudinal, Self-service, value-in-context}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{177--200}},
  publisher    = {{MIS RC}},
  title        = {{{The Value of Self-Service: Long-Term Effects of Technology-Based Self-Service Usage on Customer Retention.}}},
  volume       = {{39}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}

@inproceedings{4464,
  abstract     = {{A highly selective first study phase in many Swiss study programs leads to a rather competitive climate among students. However, the atmosphere at the university is an important factor for students' transition into Higher Education. An important question in this context is whether students' are equipped with different dispositions influencing how they cope with this transition. Other research has already shown that different groups of students can be identified regarding their student behavior. Yet, so far little is known about patterns of variables characterizing students, transitioning successfully. The paper takes advantage of a person-centered approach, i.e. the latent-class analysis, which makes it possible to identify groups of individuals, sharing common attributes. The research was conducted as a longitudinal study during their first year at a Swiss university. The return rate was about 67%, with 820 utilizable questionnaires at t1. Based on the analysis of students' anxiety, intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy, three distinct classes of students could be identified. The first class can be called the "highly motivated and self-confident" students. The second class is characterized by the same pattern, however, on a more intermediate level and the last class can be described as the "least motivated and most anxious" group of students. This study contributes to research and theory on students' transition into higher education and could be a first hint that students' experiences of this transition can vary substantially.}},
  author       = {{Brahm, Taiga and Wagner, Dietrich and Jenert, Tobias}},
  keywords     = {{Quantitative methods, Self-efficacy, Higher education, Motivation and Emotion}},
  location     = {{Zypern}},
  title        = {{{A person-centred approach to students' transition into Higher Education}}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}

@article{9944,
  abstract     = {{Eine Vielzahl von Prozessen in der Chemie und Verfahrenstechnik kann durch Ultraschall positiv beeinflusst werden. Oftmals ist ultraschallinduzierte Kavitation der Hauptwirkmechanismus für die positiven Effekte der Beschallung. Daher ist es notwendig die Kavitationsaktivität während des Prozesses zu quantifizieren um die Beschallung für den jeweiligen Prozess optimal gestalten und überwachen zu können. Eine Möglichkeit der prozessbegleitenden Kavitationsdetektion ist die Auswertung der akustischen Emissionen von oszillierenden und kollabierenden Kavitationsblasen mittels Drucksensoren in der Flüssigkeit. Raue Prozessrandbedingungen wie hohe Temperaturen oder aggressive Flüssigkeiten erschweren es jedoch geeignete Sensoren zu finden. Als Alternative wurde daher die Nutzbarkeit der Rückwirkung von Kavitationsereignissen auf das elektrische Eingansgssignal des Ultraschallwandlers zur Quantifizierung von Kavitation untersucht. Die experimentelle Analyse hat ergeben, dass das Einsetzen und in einigen Fällen auch die Art der Kavitation auf Basis der Rückwirkung auf das Stromsignal des Ultraschallwandlers bestimmt werden kann. Die Stärke der Kavitation war hingegen nicht aus den Stromsignalen abzuleiten.}},
  author       = {{Bornmann, Peter and Hemsel, Tobias and Sextro, Walter and Memoli, Gianluca and Hodnett, Mark and Zeqiri, Bajram}},
  journal      = {{tm - Technisches Messen}},
  keywords     = {{Kavitationsdetektion, Self-Sensing, So- nochemie, Ultraschallwandler}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{73--84}},
  title        = {{{Kavitationsdetektion mittels Self-Sensing-Ultraschallwandler}}},
  doi          = {{10.1515/teme-2015-0017}},
  volume       = {{82}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}

