---
_id: '26049'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Content is the new oil. Users consume billions of terabytes a day while surfing
on news sites or blogs, posting on social media sites, and sending chat messages
around the globe. While content is heterogeneous, the dominant form of web content
is text. There are situations where more diversity needs to be introduced into
text content, for example, to reuse it on websites or to allow a chatbot to base
its models on the information conveyed rather than of the language used. In order
to achieve this, paraphrasing techniques have been developed: One example is Text
spinning, a technique that automatically paraphrases text while leaving the intent
intact. This makes it easier to reuse content, or to change the language generated
by the bot more human. One method for modifying texts is a combination of translation
and back-translation. This paper presents NATTS, a naive approach that uses transformer-based
translation models to create diversified text, combining translation steps in
one model. An advantage of this approach is that it can be fine-tuned and handle
technical language.'
author:
- first_name: Frederik Simon
full_name: Bäumer, Frederik Simon
last_name: Bäumer
- first_name: Joschka
full_name: Kersting, Joschka
id: '58701'
last_name: Kersting
- first_name: Sergej
full_name: Denisov, Sergej
last_name: Denisov
- first_name: Michaela
full_name: Geierhos, Michaela
id: '42496'
last_name: Geierhos
orcid: 0000-0002-8180-5606
citation:
ama: 'Bäumer FS, Kersting J, Denisov S, Geierhos M. IN OTHER WORDS: A NAIVE APPROACH
TO TEXT SPINNING. In: PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES ON WWW/INTERNET
2021 AND APPLIED COMPUTING 2021. IADIS; 2021:221--225.'
apa: 'Bäumer, F. S., Kersting, J., Denisov, S., & Geierhos, M. (2021). IN OTHER
WORDS: A NAIVE APPROACH TO TEXT SPINNING. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL
CONFERENCES ON WWW/INTERNET 2021 AND APPLIED COMPUTING 2021, 221--225.'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Bäumer_Kersting_Denisov_Geierhos_2021, title={IN OTHER WORDS:
A NAIVE APPROACH TO TEXT SPINNING}, booktitle={PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL
CONFERENCES ON WWW/INTERNET 2021 AND APPLIED COMPUTING 2021}, publisher={IADIS},
author={Bäumer, Frederik Simon and Kersting, Joschka and Denisov, Sergej and Geierhos,
Michaela}, year={2021}, pages={221--225} }'
chicago: 'Bäumer, Frederik Simon, Joschka Kersting, Sergej Denisov, and Michaela
Geierhos. “IN OTHER WORDS: A NAIVE APPROACH TO TEXT SPINNING.” In PROCEEDINGS
OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES ON WWW/INTERNET 2021 AND APPLIED COMPUTING 2021,
221--225. IADIS, 2021.'
ieee: 'F. S. Bäumer, J. Kersting, S. Denisov, and M. Geierhos, “IN OTHER WORDS:
A NAIVE APPROACH TO TEXT SPINNING,” in PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES
ON WWW/INTERNET 2021 AND APPLIED COMPUTING 2021, Lisbon, Portugal, 2021, pp.
221--225.'
mla: 'Bäumer, Frederik Simon, et al. “IN OTHER WORDS: A NAIVE APPROACH TO TEXT SPINNING.”
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES ON WWW/INTERNET 2021 AND APPLIED
COMPUTING 2021, IADIS, 2021, pp. 221--225.'
short: 'F.S. Bäumer, J. Kersting, S. Denisov, M. Geierhos, in: PROCEEDINGS OF THE
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES ON WWW/INTERNET 2021 AND APPLIED COMPUTING 2021, IADIS,
2021, pp. 221--225.'
conference:
end_date: 15.10.2021
location: Lisbon, Portugal
name: 18th International Conference on Applied Computing
start_date: 13.10.2021
date_created: 2021-10-11T15:26:58Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:57:16Z
ddc:
- '000'
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: jkers
date_created: 2021-10-15T15:54:41Z
date_updated: 2021-10-15T15:54:41Z
file_id: '26282'
file_name: Bäumer et al. (2021), Baeumer2021.pdf
file_size: 411667
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2021-10-15T15:54:41Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Software Requirements
- Natural Language Processing
- Transfer Learning
- On-The-Fly Computing
language:
- iso: eng
page: 221--225
project:
- _id: '1'
name: SFB 901
- _id: '3'
name: SFB 901 - Project Area B
- _id: '9'
name: SFB 901 - Subproject B1
publication: PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES ON WWW/INTERNET 2021 AND
APPLIED COMPUTING 2021
publisher: IADIS
status: public
title: 'IN OTHER WORDS: A NAIVE APPROACH TO TEXT SPINNING'
type: conference
user_id: '58701'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '18686'
author:
- first_name: Joschka
full_name: Kersting, Joschka
id: '58701'
last_name: Kersting
- first_name: Frederik Simon
full_name: Bäumer, Frederik Simon
id: '38837'
last_name: Bäumer
citation:
ama: 'Kersting J, Bäumer FS. SEMANTIC TAGGING OF REQUIREMENT DESCRIPTIONS: A TRANSFORMER-BASED
APPROACH. In: PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED COMPUTING
2020. IADIS; 2020:119--123.'
apa: 'Kersting, J., & Bäumer, F. S. (2020). SEMANTIC TAGGING OF REQUIREMENT
DESCRIPTIONS: A TRANSFORMER-BASED APPROACH. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL
CONFERENCE ON APPLIED COMPUTING 2020, 119--123.'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Kersting_Bäumer_2020, title={SEMANTIC TAGGING OF REQUIREMENT
DESCRIPTIONS: A TRANSFORMER-BASED APPROACH}, booktitle={PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL
CONFERENCE ON APPLIED COMPUTING 2020}, publisher={IADIS}, author={Kersting, Joschka
and Bäumer, Frederik Simon}, year={2020}, pages={119--123} }'
chicago: 'Kersting, Joschka, and Frederik Simon Bäumer. “SEMANTIC TAGGING OF REQUIREMENT
DESCRIPTIONS: A TRANSFORMER-BASED APPROACH.” In PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL
CONFERENCE ON APPLIED COMPUTING 2020, 119--123. IADIS, 2020.'
ieee: 'J. Kersting and F. S. Bäumer, “SEMANTIC TAGGING OF REQUIREMENT DESCRIPTIONS:
A TRANSFORMER-BASED APPROACH,” in PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
ON APPLIED COMPUTING 2020, Lisbon, Portugal, 2020, pp. 119--123.'
mla: 'Kersting, Joschka, and Frederik Simon Bäumer. “SEMANTIC TAGGING OF REQUIREMENT
DESCRIPTIONS: A TRANSFORMER-BASED APPROACH.” PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL
CONFERENCE ON APPLIED COMPUTING 2020, IADIS, 2020, pp. 119--123.'
short: 'J. Kersting, F.S. Bäumer, in: PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
ON APPLIED COMPUTING 2020, IADIS, 2020, pp. 119--123.'
conference:
end_date: 20.11.2020
location: Lisbon, Portugal
name: 17th International Conference on Applied Computing
start_date: 18.11.2020
date_created: 2020-08-31T10:59:54Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:53:51Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '579'
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: jkers
date_created: 2020-11-19T17:29:03Z
date_updated: 2020-11-19T17:29:03Z
file_id: '20443'
file_name: Kersting & Bäumer (2020), Kersting2020d.pdf
file_size: 1064877
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2020-11-19T17:29:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Software Requirements
- Natural Language Processing
- Transfer Learning
- On-The-Fly Computing
language:
- iso: eng
page: 119--123
project:
- _id: '1'
name: SFB 901
- _id: '3'
name: SFB 901 - Project Area B
- _id: '9'
name: SFB 901 - Subproject B1
publication: PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED COMPUTING 2020
publisher: IADIS
status: public
title: 'SEMANTIC TAGGING OF REQUIREMENT DESCRIPTIONS: A TRANSFORMER-BASED APPROACH'
type: conference
user_id: '58701'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8424'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'The vision of On-the-Fly (OTF) Computing is to compose and provide software
services ad hoc, based on requirement descriptions in natural language. Since
non-technical users write their software requirements themselves and in unrestricted
natural language, deficits occur such as inaccuracy and incompleteness. These
deficits are usually met by natural language processing methods, which have to
face special challenges in OTF Computing because maximum automation is the goal.
In this paper, we present current automatic approaches for solving inaccuracies
and incompletenesses in natural language requirement descriptions and elaborate
open challenges. In particular, we will discuss the necessity of domain-specific
resources and show why, despite far-reaching automation, an intelligent and guided
integration of end users into the compensation process is required. In this context,
we present our idea of a chat bot that integrates users into the compensation
process depending on the given circumstances. '
article_number: '22'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Frederik Simon
full_name: Bäumer, Frederik Simon
id: '38837'
last_name: Bäumer
- first_name: Joschka
full_name: Kersting, Joschka
id: '58701'
last_name: Kersting
- first_name: Michaela
full_name: Geierhos, Michaela
id: '42496'
last_name: Geierhos
orcid: 0000-0002-8180-5606
citation:
ama: 'Bäumer FS, Kersting J, Geierhos M. Natural Language Processing in OTF Computing:
Challenges and the Need for Interactive Approaches. Computers. 2019;8(1).
doi:10.3390/computers8010022'
apa: 'Bäumer, F. S., Kersting, J., & Geierhos, M. (2019). Natural Language Processing
in OTF Computing: Challenges and the Need for Interactive Approaches. Computers,
8(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/computers8010022'
bibtex: '@article{Bäumer_Kersting_Geierhos_2019, title={Natural Language Processing
in OTF Computing: Challenges and the Need for Interactive Approaches}, volume={8},
DOI={10.3390/computers8010022},
number={122}, journal={Computers}, publisher={MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland}, author={Bäumer,
Frederik Simon and Kersting, Joschka and Geierhos, Michaela}, year={2019} }'
chicago: 'Bäumer, Frederik Simon, Joschka Kersting, and Michaela Geierhos. “Natural
Language Processing in OTF Computing: Challenges and the Need for Interactive
Approaches.” Computers 8, no. 1 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/computers8010022.'
ieee: 'F. S. Bäumer, J. Kersting, and M. Geierhos, “Natural Language Processing
in OTF Computing: Challenges and the Need for Interactive Approaches,” Computers,
vol. 8, no. 1, 2019.'
mla: 'Bäumer, Frederik Simon, et al. “Natural Language Processing in OTF Computing:
Challenges and the Need for Interactive Approaches.” Computers, vol. 8,
no. 1, 22, MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland, 2019, doi:10.3390/computers8010022.'
short: F.S. Bäumer, J. Kersting, M. Geierhos, Computers 8 (2019).
conference:
end_date: 2018-10-06
location: Vilnius, Lithuania
name: 24th International Conference on Information and Software Technologies (ICIST
2018)
start_date: 2018-10-04
date_created: 2019-03-06T14:27:28Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:03:55Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '36'
- _id: '1'
- _id: '579'
doi: 10.3390/computers8010022
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: jkers
date_created: 2020-09-18T09:23:34Z
date_updated: 2020-09-18T09:23:34Z
file_id: '19572'
file_name: Bäumer et al. (2019), Baeumer2019.pdf
file_size: 3164523
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2020-09-18T09:23:34Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 8'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Inaccuracy Detection
- Natural Language Software Requirements
- Chat Bot
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-431X/8/1/22/pdf
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '1'
name: SFB 901
- _id: '3'
name: SFB 901 - Project Area B
- _id: '9'
name: SFB 901 - Subproject B1
publication: Computers
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2073-431X
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Natural Language Processing in OTF Computing: Challenges and the Need for
Interactive Approaches'
type: journal_article
user_id: '58701'
volume: 8
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '4339'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'On-The-Fly Computing is the vision of covering software needs of end users
by fully-automatic compositions of existing software services. End users will
receive so-called service compositions tailored to their very individual needs,
based on natural language software descriptions. This everyday language may contain
inaccuracies and incompleteness, which are well-known challenges in requirements
engineering. In addition to existing approaches that try to automatically identify
and correct these deficits, there are also new trends to involve users more in
the elaboration and refinement process. In this paper, we present the relevant
state of the art in the field of automated detection and compensation of multiple
inaccuracies in natural language service descriptions and name open challenges
needed to be tackled in NL-based software service composition. '
author:
- first_name: Frederik Simon
full_name: Bäumer, Frederik Simon
id: '38837'
last_name: Bäumer
- first_name: Michaela
full_name: Geierhos, Michaela
id: '42496'
last_name: Geierhos
orcid: 0000-0002-8180-5606
citation:
ama: 'Bäumer FS, Geierhos M. NLP in OTF Computing: Current Approaches and Open Challenges.
In: Damaševičius R, Vasiljevienė G, eds. Proceedings of the 24th International
Conference on Information and Software Technologies (ICIST 2018). Vol 920.
Communications in Computer and Information Science. Cham, Switzerland: Springer;
2018:559-570. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-99972-2_46'
apa: 'Bäumer, F. S., & Geierhos, M. (2018). NLP in OTF Computing: Current Approaches
and Open Challenges. In R. Damaševičius & G. Vasiljevienė (Eds.), Proceedings
of the 24th International Conference on Information and Software Technologies
(ICIST 2018) (Vol. 920, pp. 559–570). Cham, Switzerland: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99972-2_46'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Bäumer_Geierhos_2018, place={Cham, Switzerland}, series={Communications
in Computer and Information Science}, title={NLP in OTF Computing: Current Approaches
and Open Challenges}, volume={920}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-319-99972-2_46},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Information and
Software Technologies (ICIST 2018)}, publisher={Springer}, author={Bäumer, Frederik
Simon and Geierhos, Michaela}, editor={Damaševičius, Robertas and Vasiljevienė,
GiedrėEditors}, year={2018}, pages={559–570}, collection={Communications in Computer
and Information Science} }'
chicago: 'Bäumer, Frederik Simon, and Michaela Geierhos. “NLP in OTF Computing:
Current Approaches and Open Challenges.” In Proceedings of the 24th International
Conference on Information and Software Technologies (ICIST 2018), edited by
Robertas Damaševičius and Giedrė Vasiljevienė, 920:559–70. Communications in Computer
and Information Science. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99972-2_46.'
ieee: 'F. S. Bäumer and M. Geierhos, “NLP in OTF Computing: Current Approaches and
Open Challenges,” in Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Information
and Software Technologies (ICIST 2018), Vilnius, Lithuania, 2018, vol. 920,
pp. 559–570.'
mla: 'Bäumer, Frederik Simon, and Michaela Geierhos. “NLP in OTF Computing: Current
Approaches and Open Challenges.” Proceedings of the 24th International Conference
on Information and Software Technologies (ICIST 2018), edited by Robertas
Damaševičius and Giedrė Vasiljevienė, vol. 920, Springer, 2018, pp. 559–70, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-99972-2_46.'
short: 'F.S. Bäumer, M. Geierhos, in: R. Damaševičius, G. Vasiljevienė (Eds.), Proceedings
of the 24th International Conference on Information and Software Technologies
(ICIST 2018), Springer, Cham, Switzerland, 2018, pp. 559–570.'
conference:
end_date: 2018-10-06
location: Vilnius, Lithuania
name: 24th International Conference on Information and Software Technologies (ICIST
2018)
start_date: 2018-10-04
date_created: 2018-09-01T08:52:36Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:00:57Z
ddc:
- '004'
department:
- _id: '36'
- _id: '1'
- _id: '579'
doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-99972-2_46
editor:
- first_name: Robertas
full_name: Damaševičius, Robertas
last_name: Damaševičius
- first_name: Giedrė
full_name: Vasiljevienė, Giedrė
last_name: Vasiljevienė
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: fbaeumer
date_created: 2019-01-11T11:36:10Z
date_updated: 2019-01-11T11:36:10Z
file_id: '6624'
file_name: baeumer-4315.pdf
file_size: 1053017
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2019-01-11T11:36:10Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 920'
keyword:
- Inaccuracy detection
- Natural language software requirements
language:
- iso: eng
page: 559-570
place: Cham, Switzerland
project:
- _id: '1'
name: SFB 901
- _id: '3'
name: SFB 901 - Project Area B
- _id: '9'
name: SFB 901 - Subproject B1
publication: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Information and Software
Technologies (ICIST 2018)
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- '9783319999715'
- '9783319999722'
issn:
- 1865-0929
- 1865-0937
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
quality_controlled: '1'
series_title: Communications in Computer and Information Science
status: public
title: 'NLP in OTF Computing: Current Approaches and Open Challenges'
type: conference
user_id: '38837'
volume: 920
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '44'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Natural language software requirements descriptions enable end users to formulate
their wishes and expectations for a future software product without much prior
knowledge in requirements engineering. However, these descriptions are susceptible
to linguistic inaccuracies such as ambiguities and incompleteness that can harm
the development process. There is a number of software solutions that can detect
deficits in requirements descriptions and partially solve them, but they are often
hard to use and not suitable for end users. For this reason, we develop a software
system that helps end-users to create unambiguous and complete requirements descriptions
by combining existing expert tools and controlling them using automatic compensation
strategies. In order to recognize the necessity of individual compensation methods
in the descriptions, we have developed linguistic indicators, which we present
in this paper. Based on these indicators, the whole text analysis pipeline is
ad-hoc configured and thus adapted to the individual circumstances of a requirements
description.
author:
- first_name: Frederik Simon
full_name: Bäumer, Frederik Simon
id: '38837'
last_name: Bäumer
- first_name: Michaela
full_name: Geierhos, Michaela
id: '42496'
last_name: Geierhos
orcid: 0000-0002-8180-5606
citation:
ama: 'Bäumer FS, Geierhos M. Flexible Ambiguity Resolution and Incompleteness Detection
in Requirements Descriptions via an Indicator-based Configuration of Text Analysis
Pipelines. In: Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System
Sciences. ; 2018:5746-5755. doi:10125/50609'
apa: Bäumer, F. S., & Geierhos, M. (2018). Flexible Ambiguity Resolution and
Incompleteness Detection in Requirements Descriptions via an Indicator-based Configuration
of Text Analysis Pipelines. In Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International
Conference on System Sciences (pp. 5746–5755). Big Island, Waikoloa Village.
https://doi.org/10125/50609
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Bäumer_Geierhos_2018, title={Flexible Ambiguity Resolution
and Incompleteness Detection in Requirements Descriptions via an Indicator-based
Configuration of Text Analysis Pipelines}, DOI={10125/50609},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences},
author={Bäumer, Frederik Simon and Geierhos, Michaela}, year={2018}, pages={5746–5755}
}'
chicago: Bäumer, Frederik Simon, and Michaela Geierhos. “Flexible Ambiguity Resolution
and Incompleteness Detection in Requirements Descriptions via an Indicator-Based
Configuration of Text Analysis Pipelines.” In Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii
International Conference on System Sciences, 5746–55, 2018. https://doi.org/10125/50609.
ieee: F. S. Bäumer and M. Geierhos, “Flexible Ambiguity Resolution and Incompleteness
Detection in Requirements Descriptions via an Indicator-based Configuration of
Text Analysis Pipelines,” in Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference
on System Sciences, Big Island, Waikoloa Village, 2018, pp. 5746–5755.
mla: Bäumer, Frederik Simon, and Michaela Geierhos. “Flexible Ambiguity Resolution
and Incompleteness Detection in Requirements Descriptions via an Indicator-Based
Configuration of Text Analysis Pipelines.” Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International
Conference on System Sciences, 2018, pp. 5746–55, doi:10125/50609.
short: 'F.S. Bäumer, M. Geierhos, in: Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International
Conference on System Sciences, 2018, pp. 5746–5755.'
conference:
end_date: 2018-01-06
location: Big Island, Waikoloa Village
name: 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2018)
start_date: 2018-01-03
date_created: 2017-10-17T12:40:59Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:01:01Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '36'
- _id: '1'
- _id: '579'
doi: 10125/50609
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: ups
date_created: 2018-11-02T14:32:35Z
date_updated: 2018-11-02T14:32:35Z
file_id: '5274'
file_name: paper0722.pdf
file_size: 753693
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2018-11-02T14:32:35Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- 'Software Product Lines: Engineering'
- Services
- and Management
- Ambiguities
- Incompleteness
- Natural Language Processing
- Software Requirements
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10125/50609/1/paper0722.pdf
oa: '1'
page: 5746-5755
project:
- _id: '1'
name: SFB 901
- _id: '3'
name: SFB 901 - Project Area B
- _id: '9'
name: SFB 901 - Subproject B1
publication: Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-0-9981331-1-9
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Flexible Ambiguity Resolution and Incompleteness Detection in Requirements
Descriptions via an Indicator-based Configuration of Text Analysis Pipelines
type: conference
user_id: '477'
year: '2018'
...