@article{50798, abstract = {{Abstract Background An infection with SARS-CoV-2 can lead to a variety of symptoms and complications, which can impair athletic activity. Objective We aimed to assess the clinical symptom patterns, diagnostic findings, and the extent of impairment in sport practice in a large cohort of athletes infected with SARS-CoV-2, both initially after infection and at follow-up. Additionally, we investigated whether baseline factors that may contribute to reduced exercise tolerance at follow-up can be identified. Methods In this prospective, observational, multicenter study, we recruited German COVID elite-athletes (cEAs, n = 444) and COVID non-elite athletes (cNEAs, n = 481) who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR (polymerase chain reaction test). Athletes from the federal squad with no evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection served as healthy controls (EAcon, n = 501). Questionnaires were used to assess load and duration of infectious symptoms, other complaints, exercise tolerance, and duration of training interruption at baseline and at follow-up 6 months after baseline. Diagnostic tests conducted at baseline included resting and exercise electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography, spirometry, and blood analyses. Results Most acute and infection-related symptoms and other complaints were more prevalent in cNEA than in cEAs. Compared to cEAs, EAcon had a low symptom load. In cNEAs, female athletes had a higher prevalence of complaints such as palpitations, dizziness, chest pain, myalgia, sleeping disturbances, mood swings, and concentration problems compared to male athletes (p < 0.05). Until follow-up, leading symptoms were drop in performance, concentration problems, and dyspnea on exertion. Female athletes had significantly higher prevalence for symptoms until follow-up compared to male. Pathological findings in ECG, echocardiography, and spirometry, attributed to SARS-CoV-2 infection, were rare in infected athletes. Most athletes reported a training interruption between 2 and 4 weeks (cNEAs: 52.9%, cEAs: 52.4%), while more cNEAs (27.1%) compared to cEAs (5.1%) had a training interruption lasting more than 4 weeks (p < 0.001). At follow-up, 13.8% of cNEAs and 9.9% of cEAs (p = 0.24) reported their current exercise tolerance to be under 70% compared to pre-infection state. A persistent loss of exercise tolerance at follow-up was associated with persistent complaints at baseline, female sex, a longer break in training, and age > 38 years. Periodical dichotomization of the data set showed a higher prevalence of infectious symptoms such as cough, sore throat, and coryza in the second phase of the pandemic, while a number of neuropsychiatric symptoms as well as dyspnea on exertion were less frequent in this period. Conclusions Compared to recreational athletes, elite athletes seem to be at lower risk of being or remaining symptomatic after SARS-CoV-2 infection. It remains to be determined whether persistent complaints after SARS-CoV-2 infection without evidence of accompanying organ damage may have a negative impact on further health and career in athletes. Identifying risk factors for an extended recovery period such as female sex and ongoing neuropsychological symptoms could help to identify athletes, who may require a more cautious approach to rebuilding their training regimen. Trial Registration Number DRKS00023717; 06.15.2021—retrospectively registered. }}, author = {{Widmann, Manuel and Gaidai, Roman and Schubert, Isabel and Grummt, Maximilian and Bensen, Lieselotte and Kerling, Arno and Quermann, Anne and Zacher, Jonas and Vollrath, Shirin and Bizjak, Daniel Alexander and Beckendorf, Claudia and Egger, Florian and Hasler, Erik and Mellwig, Klaus-Peter and Fütterer, Cornelia and Wimbauer, Fritz and Vogel, Azin and Schoenfeld, Julia and Wüstenfeld, Jan C. and Kastner, Tom and Barsch, Friedrich and Friedmann-Bette, Birgit and Bloch, Wilhelm and Meyer, Tim and Mayer, Frank and Wolfarth, Bernd and Roecker, Kai and Reinsberger, Claus and Haller, Bernhard and Niess, Andreas M. and Birnbaum, Mike Peter and Burgstahler, Christof and Cassel, Michael and Deibert, Peter and Esefeld, Katrin and Erz, Gunnar and Greiss, Franziska and Halle, Martin and Hesse, Judith and Keller, Karsten and Kopp, Christine and Matits, Lynn and Predel, Hans Georg and Rüdrich, Peter and Schneider, Gerald and Stapmanns, Philipp and Steinacker, Jürgen Michael and Szekessy, Sarah and Venhorst, Andreas and Zapf, Stephanie and Zickwolf, Christian}}, issn = {{0112-1642}}, journal = {{Sports Medicine}}, keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}}, publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}}, title = {{{COVID-19 in Female and Male Athletes: Symptoms, Clinical Findings, Outcome, and Prolonged Exercise Intolerance—A Prospective, Observational, Multicenter Cohort Study (CoSmo-S)}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s40279-023-01976-0}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{35533, author = {{Büchel, Daniel and Torvik, Per Øyvind and Lehmann, Tim and Sandbakk, Øyvind and Baumeister, Jochen}}, issn = {{1530-0315}}, journal = {{Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise}}, keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}}, publisher = {{Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)}}, title = {{{The Mode of Endurance Exercise Influences Changes in EEG Resting State Graphs among High-Level Cross-Country Skiers}}}, doi = {{10.1249/mss.0000000000003122}}, volume = {{Publish Ahead of Print}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{49636, abstract = {{Abstract Purpose Wearables serve to quantify the on-court activity in intermittent sports such as field hockey (FH). Based on objective data, benchmarks can be determined to tailor training intensity and volume. Next to average and accumulated values, the most intense periods (MIPs) during competitive FH matches are of special interest, since these quantify the peak intensities players experience throughout the intermittent matches. The aim of this study was to retrospectively compare peak intensities between training and competition sessions in a male FH team competing in the first german division. Methods Throughout an 8-week in-season period, 372 individual activity datasets (144 datasets from competitive sessions) were recorded using the Polar Team Pro sensor (Kempele, Finland). MIPs were calculated applying a rolling window approach with predefined window length (1–5 min) and calculated for Total distance, High-Intensity-Running distance (> 16 km/h), Sprinting distance (> 20 km/h) and Acceleration load. Significant differences between training and competition MIPs were analysed through non-parametric statistical tests (P < 0.05). Results Analyses revealed higher MIPs during competition for all considered outcomes (P < 0.001). Effect size estimation revealed strongest effects for sprinting distance (d = 1.89 to d = 1.22) and lowest effect sizes for acceleration load (d = 0.92 to d = 0.49). Conclusion The present findings demonstrate that peak intensities during training do not reach those experienced during competitive sessions in a male FH team. Training routines such as manipulations of court-dimensions and team sizes might contribute to this discrepancy. Coaches should compare training and competition intensities to recalibrate training routines to optimize athletes’ preparation for competition. }}, author = {{Büchel, Daniel and Döring, Michael and Baumeister, Jochen}}, issn = {{2096-6709}}, journal = {{Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise}}, keywords = {{Nutrition and Dietetics, Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Physiology}}, publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}}, title = {{{A Comparison of the Most Intense Periods (MIPs) During Competitive Matches and Training Over an 8-Week Period in a Male Elite Field Hockey Team}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s42978-023-00261-w}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{42118, author = {{Haase, Franziska Katharina and Prien, Annika and Douw, Linda and Feddermann‐Demont, Nina and Junge, Astrid and Reinsberger, Claus}}, issn = {{0905-7188}}, journal = {{Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports}}, keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}}, publisher = {{Wiley}}, title = {{{Cortical thickness and neurocognitive performance in former high‐level female soccer and non‐contact sport athletes}}}, doi = {{10.1111/sms.14324}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{42966, author = {{Sherman, David A. and Baumeister, Jochen and Stock, Matt S. and Murray, Amanda M. and Bazett-Jones, David M. and Norte, Grant E.}}, issn = {{1530-0315}}, journal = {{Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise}}, keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}}, publisher = {{Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)}}, title = {{{Weaker Quadriceps Corticomuscular Coherence in Individuals Following ACL Reconstruction during Force Tracing}}}, doi = {{10.1249/mss.0000000000003080}}, volume = {{Publish Ahead of Print}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{46818, abstract = {{AbstractObjectiveConcerns about short‐ and long‐term consequences of repetitive heading contributed to heading restrictions in youth football in some countries. This prospective longitudinal cohort study aims to describe heading exposure in children's and youth football over two seasons using standardized video analysis.MethodsAll matches and training sessions of a male Under‐11 (n = 29), Under‐15 (n = 28), Under‐19 (n = 38), and female Under‐17 (n = 39) team were videotaped during the seasons 2019–2020 and 2020–2021. Heading frequencies and characteristics were analyzed. Individual heading exposure is presented as average incidence rates (IR) per 1000 match/training hours.ResultsIn 275 matches and 673 training sessions, 22 921 headers were observed. Heading IR per player in matches was 1256 (Under‐11 m), 1608 (Under‐15 m), 1050 (Under‐17 f), and 1966 (Under‐19 m). In training sessions, IR per player was 739 (Under‐11 m), 2206 (Under‐15 m), 1661 (Under‐17 f), and 1419 (Under‐19 m). Five Under‐15 males headed the ball five to eight times per training on average. Most headers were performed without heading duels. Flight distance was predominantly 5–20 m (54%) in matches and <5 m (65%) in training. While head impact location most frequently was at frontal areas, one‐third of all headers in Under‐11 in matches hit temporal, parietal, and occipital parts of the head.ConclusionHeading incidence was low in the youngest age group, whereas (predominantly five) Under‐15 males showed very high heading exposures in training. In assessment and regulation of heading burden, training sessions and individual heading behavior should specifically be addressed. Recommendations for heading the ball in practice should account for individual and age‐related differences.}}, author = {{Reeschke, Rebecca and Haase, Franziska Katharina and Dautzenberg, Lena and Krutsch, Werner and Reinsberger, Claus}}, issn = {{0905-7188}}, journal = {{Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports}}, keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}}, number = {{9}}, pages = {{1821--1830}}, publisher = {{Wiley}}, title = {{{Training matters: Heading incidence and characteristics in children's and youth football (soccer) players}}}, doi = {{10.1111/sms.14408}}, volume = {{33}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{43061, abstract = {{Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine whether cortical activity changes during exercise with increasing cognitive demands in preadolescent children. Method: Twenty healthy children (8.75 [0.91] y) performed one movement game, which was conducted with lower and higher cognitive demands. During a baseline measurement and both exercise conditions, cortical activity was recorded using a 64-channel electroencephalographic system, and heart rate was assessed. Ratings of perceived excertion and perceived cognitive engagement were examined after each condition. To analyze power spectral density in the theta, alpha-1, and alpha-2 frequency bands, an adaptive mixture independent component analysis was used to determine the spatiotemporal sources of cortical activity, and brain components were clustered to identify spatial clusters. Results: One-way repeated-measures analyses of variance revealed significant main effects for condition on theta in the prefrontal cluster, on alpha-1 in the prefrontal, central, bilateral motor, bilateral parieto-occipital, and occipital clusters, and on alpha-2 in the left motor, central, and left parieto-occipital clusters. Compared with the lower cognitive demand exercise, cortical activity was significantly higher in theta power in the prefrontal cluster and in alpha-1 power in the occipital cluster during the higher cognitive demand exercise. Conclusion: The present study shows that exercise complexity seems to influence cortical processing as it increased with increasing cognitive demands.}}, author = {{Becker, Linda and Büchel, Daniel and Lehmann, Tim and Kehne, Miriam and Baumeister, Jochen}}, issn = {{0899-8493}}, journal = {{Pediatric Exercise Science}}, keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health}}, pages = {{1--11}}, publisher = {{Human Kinetics}}, title = {{{Mobile Electroencephalography Reveals Differences in Cortical Processing During Exercises With Lower and Higher Cognitive Demands in Preadolescent Children}}}, doi = {{10.1123/pes.2021-0212}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{34022, abstract = {{Background: Medical professionals working in an elite sport environment have the challenging task to balance the athlete’s readiness to return to the playing field after severe injury with other stakeholders’ (coaches, sponsors, teammates) opinions and objectives.Objectives: Our study aimed to evaluate differences in the physical profiles of elite rugby players at return to play (RTP) after a severe knee injury, compared with their pre-injury profiles and matched controls.Method: Before the injury, participants performed four performance tests during their preseason screening. These tests were repeated and compared to baseline once a player was declared fit to play.Results: Significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) were found in the injured players’ group who were slower over 10 m speed, in their decision-making time and the total time of the reactive agility tests at RTP, whilst controls were significantly faster over 10 m and 30 m speed tests. The countermovement jump outcomes showed significant improvement in the uninjured participants (p ≤ 0.05).Conclusion: Our study highlights that injured players’ running speeds and decision-making times are slower after injury. The uninjured players have a positive outcome to training and match stimulus by improving their running speed and lower body explosive power during the season.Clinical implications: Our study provides insight into the RTP profile of elite rugby players, and a novel finding was the decision-making time deficit. This highlights the importance of cognitive training during injury rehabilitation as athletes make numerous decisions in a pressured and uncontrolled environment during a match. Speed training development is recommended as the athletes were slower after severe knee injury.}}, author = {{Robyn, Aneurin D. and Louw, Quinette A. and Baumeister, Jochen}}, issn = {{2410-8219}}, journal = {{South African Journal of Physiotherapy}}, keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation}}, number = {{1}}, publisher = {{AOSIS}}, title = {{{Return to play in elite rugby players after severe knee injuries}}}, doi = {{10.4102/sajp.v78i1.1629}}, volume = {{78}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{32449, author = {{Di Paolo, Stefano and Nijmeijer, Eline and Bragonzoni, Laura and Dingshoff, Evelien and Gokeler, Alli and Benjaminse, Anne}}, issn = {{1746-1391}}, journal = {{European Journal of Sport Science}}, keywords = {{Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, General Medicine}}, pages = {{1--10}}, publisher = {{Informa UK Limited}}, title = {{{Comparing lab and field agility kinematics in young talented female football players: Implications for ACL injury prevention}}}, doi = {{10.1080/17461391.2022.2064771}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{34475, author = {{Di Paolo, Stefano and Nijmeijer, Eline and Bragonzoni, Laura and Dingshoff, Evelien and Gokeler, Alli and Benjaminse, Anne}}, issn = {{1746-1391}}, journal = {{European Journal of Sport Science}}, keywords = {{Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, General Medicine}}, pages = {{1--10}}, publisher = {{Informa UK Limited}}, title = {{{Comparing lab and field agility kinematics in young talented female football players: Implications for ACL injury prevention}}}, doi = {{10.1080/17461391.2022.2064771}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{35522, abstract = {{Following concepts describing lesson planning as a form of anticipatory reflection, preservice physics teachers’ reflection skills are assumed to be positively connected with their planning skills. However, empirical evidence on this is scarce. To explore how relations between these specific skills change over the course of a field experience controlling for influences of professional knowledge, we conduct a pre-post field study with N = 95 preservice physics teachers in a one-semester field experience. Content knowledge (CK) and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) (paper-and-pencil tests), and reflection and planning skills (standardized performance assessments) were assessed before and after the field experience. Path analyses revealed almost no influence of reflection skills on planning skills. Reflections skills did not contribute to preservice teachers planning skills beyond knowledge, indicating both constructs might represent rather independent abilities. The results show the need for further development of models describing the development of teachers’ professional knowledge and skills in academic teacher education and for the development of concepts for a better integration of reflection and lesson planning in field experiences.}}, author = {{Vogelsang, Christoph and Kulgemeyer, Christoph and Riese, Josef}}, issn = {{2227-7102}}, journal = {{Education Sciences}}, keywords = {{Public Administration, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Education, Computer Science Applications, Computer Science (miscellaneous), Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation}}, number = {{7}}, publisher = {{MDPI AG}}, title = {{{Learning to Plan by Learning to Reflect?—Exploring Relations between Professional Knowledge, Reflection Skills, and Planning Skills of Preservice Physics Teachers in a One-Semester Field Experience}}}, doi = {{10.3390/educsci12070479}}, volume = {{12}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{35539, author = {{Lehmann, Tim and Visser, Anton and Havers, Tim and Büchel, Daniel and Baumeister, Jochen}}, issn = {{1530-0315}}, journal = {{Medicine &Science in Sports& Exercise}}, keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}}, number = {{9S}}, pages = {{565--565}}, publisher = {{Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)}}, title = {{{Surface Instability Modulates Cortical Information Processing In Multi-Joint Compound Movements}}}, doi = {{10.1249/01.mss.0000882152.12078.64}}, volume = {{54}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{48697, author = {{Krause, Daniel and Weigelt, Matthias}}, issn = {{0270-1367}}, journal = {{Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport}}, keywords = {{Nephrology, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, General Medicine}}, number = {{2}}, pages = {{568--577}}, publisher = {{Informa UK Limited}}, title = {{{Mental Rotation of Tactic Board Instructions in Basketball: Domain-Specific Expertise Improves On-Court Performance}}}, doi = {{10.1080/02701367.2021.2022587}}, volume = {{94}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{35624, author = {{Lehmann, Tim and Visser, Anton and Havers, Tim and Büchel, Daniel and Baumeister, Jochen}}, issn = {{1530-0315}}, journal = {{Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise}}, keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}}, number = {{9S}}, pages = {{565--565}}, publisher = {{Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)}}, title = {{{Surface Instability Modulates Cortical Information Processing In Multi-Joint Compound Movements}}}, doi = {{10.1249/01.mss.0000882152.12078.64}}, volume = {{54}}, year = {{2022}}, } @inproceedings{35627, author = {{Büchel, Daniel and Allen, Carlos and Lehmann, Tim and Sandbakk, Øyvind and Baumeister, Jochen}}, booktitle = {{Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise}}, issn = {{1530-0315}}, keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}}, number = {{9S}}, pages = {{262--262}}, publisher = {{Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)}}, title = {{{Changes In Eeg Microstate Patterns Following Exhaustive Treadmill Exercise When Employing Reduced Channel Resolution}}}, doi = {{10.1249/01.mss.0000878300.82239.03}}, volume = {{54}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{45130, author = {{Di Paolo, Stefano and Nijmeijer, Eline and Bragonzoni, Laura and Dingshoff, Evelien and Gokeler, Alli and Benjaminse, Anne}}, issn = {{1746-1391}}, journal = {{European Journal of Sport Science}}, keywords = {{Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, General Medicine}}, number = {{5}}, pages = {{859--868}}, publisher = {{Informa UK Limited}}, title = {{{Comparing lab and field agility kinematics in young talented female football players: Implications for ACL injury prevention}}}, doi = {{10.1080/17461391.2022.2064771}}, volume = {{23}}, year = {{2022}}, } @inproceedings{35537, author = {{Büchel, Daniel and Allen, Carlos and Lehmann, Tim and Sandbakk, Øyvind and Baumeister, Jochen}}, booktitle = {{Medicine &Science in Sports& Exercise}}, issn = {{1530-0315}}, keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}}, number = {{9S}}, pages = {{262--262}}, publisher = {{Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)}}, title = {{{Changes In Eeg Microstate Patterns Following Exhaustive Treadmill Exercise When Employing Reduced Channel Resolution}}}, doi = {{10.1249/01.mss.0000878300.82239.03}}, volume = {{54}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{32438, abstract = {{Abstract Objective External focus (EF) of attention leads to improved balance performance. Consideration of the neuromodulatory effects of EF may inform its clinical utility in addressing neuroplastic impairments after musculoskeletal injuries. We aimed to determine whether electrocortical activity and balance performance changed with attentional foci that prioritized differing sensory feedback and whether changes in electrocortical activity and balance were associated. Methods Individuals who were healthy (n = 15) performed a single-limb balance task under 3 conditions: internal focus (IF), somatosensory focus [EF with a baton (EF-baton)], and visual focus [EF with a laser (EF-laser)]. Electrocortical activity and postural sway were recorded concurrently using electroencephalography and a triaxial force plate. Electroencephalographic signals were decomposed, localized, and clustered to generate power spectral density in θ and α-2 frequency bands. Postural sway signals were analyzed with center-of-pressure sway metrics (eg, area, distance, velocity) and knee angle. The relationship between percent change in clustered brain activity and task performance metrics was assessed. Results Both EF conditions resulted in increased cortical activity and improved balance performance compared to IF. EF-laser had the largest effect, demonstrating increased frontal θ power (d = 0.64), decreased central θ power (d = −0.30), and decreased bilateral motor, bilateral parietal, and occipital α-2 power (d = −1.38 to −4.27) as well as a shorter path distance (d = −0.94) and a deeper (d = 0.70) and less variable (d = −1.15) knee angle than IF. Weak to moderate associations exist between increases in cortical activity and improved balance performance (ρ = 0.405–0.584). Conclusions EF resulted in increased cortical activity associated with cognitive, motor, somatosensory, and visual processing. EF-laser, which prioritized visual feedback, had the largest and broadest effects. Changes in cortical activity resulting from EF were independently associated with improved balance performance. Impact This study demonstrates that goal-oriented attention results in functional increases in brain activity compared to internally directed self-focus. These results suggest EF may target neurophysiologic impairments and improve balance in clinical populations. }}, author = {{Sherman, David A and Lehmann, Tim and Baumeister, Jochen and Gokeler, Alli and Donovan, Luke and Norte, Grant E}}, issn = {{0031-9023}}, journal = {{Physical Therapy}}, keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation}}, publisher = {{Oxford University Press (OUP)}}, title = {{{External Focus of Attention Influences Cortical Activity Associated with Single Limb Balance Performance}}}, doi = {{10.1093/ptj/pzab223}}, year = {{2021}}, } @article{32453, abstract = {{Context: Only 55% of the athletes return to competitive sports after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Athletes younger than 25 years who return to sports have a second injury rate of 23%. There may be a mismatch between rehabilitation contents and the demands an athlete faces after returning to sports. Current return-to-sports (RTS) tests utilize closed and predictable motor skills; however, demands on the field are different. Neurocognitive functions are essential to manage dynamic sport situations and may fluctuate after peripheral injuries. Most RTS and rehabilitation paradigms appear to lack this aspect, which might be linked to increased risk of second injury. Objective: This systematic and scoping review aims to map existing evidence about neurocognitive and neurophysiological functions in athletes, which could be linked to ACL injury in an integrated fashion and bring an extensive perspective to assessment and rehabilitation approaches. Data Sources: PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched to identify relevant studies published between 2005 and 2020 using the keywords ACL, brain, cortical, neuroplasticity, cognitive, cognition, neurocognition, and athletes. Study Selection: Studies investigating either neurocognitive or neurophysiological functions in athletes and linking these to ACL injury regardless of their design and technique were included. Study Design: Systematic review. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Data Extraction: The demographic, temporal, neurological, and behavioral data revealing possible injury-related aspects were extracted and summarized. Results: A total of 16 studies were included in this review. Deficits in different neurocognitive domains and changes in neurophysiological functions could be a predisposing risk factor for, or a consequence caused by, ACL injuries. Conclusion: Clinicians should view ACL injuries not only as a musculoskeletal but also as a neural lesion with neurocognitive and neurophysiological aspects. Rehabilitation and RTS paradigms should consider these changes for assessment and interventions after injury. }}, author = {{Piskin, Daghan and Benjaminse, Anne and Dimitrakis, Panagiotis and Gokeler, Alli}}, issn = {{1941-7381}}, journal = {{Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach}}, keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}}, number = {{4}}, pages = {{549--555}}, publisher = {{SAGE Publications}}, title = {{{Neurocognitive and Neurophysiological Functions Related to ACL Injury: A Framework for Neurocognitive Approaches in Rehabilitation and Return-to-Sports Tests}}}, doi = {{10.1177/19417381211029265}}, volume = {{14}}, year = {{2021}}, } @article{32451, abstract = {{Athletes in team sports have to quickly visually perceive actions of opponents and teammates while executing their own movements. These continuous actions are performed under time pressure and may contribute to a non-contact ACL injury. However, ACL injury screening and prevention programmes are primarily based on standardised movements in a predictable environment. The sports environment provides much greater cognitive demand because athletes must attend their attention to numerous external stimuli and inhibit impulsive actions. Any deficit or delay in attentional processing may contribute to an inability to correct potential errors in complex coordination, resulting in knee positions that increase the ACL injury risk. In this viewpoint, we advocate that ACL injury screening should include the sports specific neurocognitive demands.}}, author = {{Gokeler, Alli and Benjaminse, Anne and Della Villa, Francesco and Tosarelli, Fillippo and Verhagen, Evert and Baumeister, Jochen}}, issn = {{2055-7647}}, journal = {{BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine}}, keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}}, number = {{2}}, publisher = {{BMJ}}, title = {{{Anterior cruciate ligament injury mechanisms through a neurocognition lens: implications for injury screening}}}, doi = {{10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001091}}, volume = {{7}}, year = {{2021}}, }