[{"type":"report","status":"public","series_title":"PC2 Tech­nic­al Re­port Series","user_id":"23522","department":[{"_id":"27"},{"_id":"518"}],"_id":"62981","file_date_updated":"2026-03-25T11:50:30Z","publication_status":"published","has_accepted_license":"1","citation":{"short":"S. Ehtesabi, M. Hossain, T. Kenter, A. Krawinkel, L. Ostermann, C. Plessl, H. Riebler, S. Rohde, R. Schade, M. Schwarz, J. Simon, N. Winnwa, A. Wiens, X. Wu, Otus Supercomputer, Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing (PC2), Paderborn, 2025.","bibtex":"@book{Ehtesabi_Hossain_Kenter_Krawinkel_Ostermann_Plessl_Riebler_Rohde_Schade_Schwarz_et al._2025, place={Paderborn}, series={PC2 Tech­nic­al Re­port Series}, title={Otus Supercomputer}, volume={1}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2512.07401\">10.48550/ARXIV.2512.07401</a>}, publisher={Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing (PC2)}, author={Ehtesabi, Sadaf and Hossain, Manoar and Kenter, Tobias and Krawinkel, Andreas and Ostermann, Lukas and Plessl, Christian and Riebler, Heinrich and Rohde, Stefan and Schade, Robert and Schwarz, Michael and et al.}, year={2025}, collection={PC2 Tech­nic­al Re­port Series} }","mla":"Ehtesabi, Sadaf, et al. <i>Otus Supercomputer</i>. Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing (PC2), 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2512.07401\">10.48550/ARXIV.2512.07401</a>.","apa":"Ehtesabi, S., Hossain, M., Kenter, T., Krawinkel, A., Ostermann, L., Plessl, C., Riebler, H., Rohde, S., Schade, R., Schwarz, M., Simon, J., Winnwa, N., Wiens, A., &#38; Wu, X. (2025). <i>Otus Supercomputer</i> (Vol. 1). Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing (PC2). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2512.07401\">https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2512.07401</a>","chicago":"Ehtesabi, Sadaf, Manoar Hossain, Tobias Kenter, Andreas Krawinkel, Lukas Ostermann, Christian Plessl, Heinrich Riebler, et al. <i>Otus Supercomputer</i>. Vol. 1. PC2 Tech­nic­al Re­port Series. Paderborn: Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing (PC2), 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2512.07401\">https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2512.07401</a>.","ieee":"S. Ehtesabi <i>et al.</i>, <i>Otus Supercomputer</i>, vol. 1. Paderborn: Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing (PC2), 2025.","ama":"Ehtesabi S, Hossain M, Kenter T, et al. <i>Otus Supercomputer</i>. Vol 1. Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing (PC2); 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2512.07401\">10.48550/ARXIV.2512.07401</a>"},"page":"33","intvolume":"         1","place":"Paderborn","author":[{"full_name":"Ehtesabi, Sadaf","id":"116116","last_name":"Ehtesabi","first_name":"Sadaf"},{"first_name":"Manoar","id":"114619","full_name":"Hossain, Manoar","last_name":"Hossain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0737-7981"},{"full_name":"Kenter, Tobias","id":"3145","last_name":"Kenter","first_name":"Tobias"},{"first_name":"Andreas","full_name":"Krawinkel, Andreas","id":"15275","last_name":"Krawinkel"},{"id":"69976","full_name":"Ostermann, Lukas","last_name":"Ostermann","first_name":"Lukas"},{"full_name":"Plessl, Christian","id":"16153","orcid":"0000-0001-5728-9982","last_name":"Plessl","first_name":"Christian"},{"first_name":"Heinrich","id":"8961","full_name":"Riebler, Heinrich","last_name":"Riebler"},{"last_name":"Rohde","id":"34009","full_name":"Rohde, Stefan","first_name":"Stefan"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-6268-5397","last_name":"Schade","id":"75963","full_name":"Schade, Robert","first_name":"Robert"},{"id":"5312","full_name":"Schwarz, Michael","last_name":"Schwarz","first_name":"Michael"},{"first_name":"Jens","last_name":"Simon","id":"15273","full_name":"Simon, Jens"},{"last_name":"Winnwa","id":"61189","full_name":"Winnwa, Nils","first_name":"Nils"},{"first_name":"Alex","last_name":"Wiens","orcid":"0000-0003-1764-9773","id":"23522","full_name":"Wiens, Alex"},{"first_name":"Xin","last_name":"Wu","full_name":"Wu, Xin","id":"77439"}],"volume":1,"date_updated":"2026-03-25T11:50:31Z","oa":"1","doi":"10.48550/ARXIV.2512.07401","report_number":"PC2TR-2025-1","file":[{"relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2512.07401v1.pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_id":"62982","file_size":4535595,"creator":"deffel","date_created":"2025-12-09T09:19:12Z","date_updated":"2026-03-25T11:50:30Z"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Otus is a high-performance computing cluster that was launched in 2025 and is operated by the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing (PC2) at Paderborn University in Germany. The system is part of the National High Performance Computing (NHR) initiative. Otus complements the previous supercomputer Noctua 2, offering approximately twice the computing power while retaining the three node types that were characteristic of Noctua 2: 1) CPU compute nodes with different memory capacities, 2) high-end GPU nodes, and 3) HPC-grade FPGA nodes. On the Top500 list, which ranks the 500 most powerful supercomputers in the world, Otus is in position 164 with the CPU partition and in position 255 with the GPU partition (June 2025). On the Green500 list, ranking the 500 most energy-efficient supercomputers in the world, Otus is in position 5 with the GPU partition (June 2025).\r\n\r\n\r\nThis article provides a comprehensive overview of the system in terms of its hardware, software, system integration, and its overall integration into the data center building to ensure energy-efficient operation. The article aims to provide unique insights for scientists using the system and for other centers operating HPC clusters. The article will be continuously updated to reflect the latest system setup and measurements. "}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"ddc":["004"],"keyword":["Otus","Supercomputer","FPGA","PC2","Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing","Noctua 2","HPC"],"year":"2025","date_created":"2025-12-09T09:11:04Z","publisher":"Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing (PC2)","title":"Otus Supercomputer"},{"doi":"10.17815/jlsrf-8-187 ","oa":"1","date_updated":"2024-04-26T08:44:30Z","volume":9,"author":[{"first_name":"Carsten","full_name":"Bauer, Carsten","id":"90082","last_name":"Bauer"},{"last_name":"Kenter","id":"3145","full_name":"Kenter, Tobias","first_name":"Tobias"},{"full_name":"Lass, Michael","id":"24135","orcid":"0000-0002-5708-7632","last_name":"Lass","first_name":"Michael"},{"id":"90492","full_name":"Mazur, Lukas","orcid":" 0000-0001-6304-7082","last_name":"Mazur","first_name":"Lukas"},{"last_name":"Meyer","full_name":"Meyer, Marius","id":"40778","first_name":"Marius"},{"last_name":"Nitsche","id":"15272","full_name":"Nitsche, Holger","first_name":"Holger"},{"full_name":"Riebler, Heinrich","id":"8961","last_name":"Riebler","first_name":"Heinrich"},{"id":"75963","full_name":"Schade, Robert","last_name":"Schade","orcid":"0000-0002-6268-5397","first_name":"Robert"},{"id":"5312","full_name":"Schwarz, Michael","last_name":"Schwarz","first_name":"Michael"},{"full_name":"Winnwa, Nils","id":"61189","last_name":"Winnwa","first_name":"Nils"},{"full_name":"Wiens, Alex","id":"23522","last_name":"Wiens","orcid":"0000-0003-1764-9773","first_name":"Alex"},{"full_name":"Wu, Xin","id":"77439","last_name":"Wu","first_name":"Xin"},{"first_name":"Christian","full_name":"Plessl, Christian","id":"16153","orcid":"0000-0001-5728-9982","last_name":"Plessl"},{"last_name":"Simon","id":"15273","full_name":"Simon, Jens","first_name":"Jens"}],"intvolume":"         9","citation":{"apa":"Bauer, C., Kenter, T., Lass, M., Mazur, L., Meyer, M., Nitsche, H., Riebler, H., Schade, R., Schwarz, M., Winnwa, N., Wiens, A., Wu, X., Plessl, C., &#38; Simon, J. (2024). Noctua 2 Supercomputer. <i>Journal of Large-Scale Research Facilities</i>, <i>9</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-8-187 \">https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-8-187 </a>","bibtex":"@article{Bauer_Kenter_Lass_Mazur_Meyer_Nitsche_Riebler_Schade_Schwarz_Winnwa_et al._2024, title={Noctua 2 Supercomputer}, volume={9}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-8-187 \">10.17815/jlsrf-8-187 </a>}, journal={Journal of large-scale research facilities}, author={Bauer, Carsten and Kenter, Tobias and Lass, Michael and Mazur, Lukas and Meyer, Marius and Nitsche, Holger and Riebler, Heinrich and Schade, Robert and Schwarz, Michael and Winnwa, Nils and et al.}, year={2024} }","mla":"Bauer, Carsten, et al. “Noctua 2 Supercomputer.” <i>Journal of Large-Scale Research Facilities</i>, vol. 9, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-8-187 \">10.17815/jlsrf-8-187 </a>.","short":"C. Bauer, T. Kenter, M. Lass, L. Mazur, M. Meyer, H. Nitsche, H. Riebler, R. Schade, M. Schwarz, N. Winnwa, A. Wiens, X. Wu, C. Plessl, J. Simon, Journal of Large-Scale Research Facilities 9 (2024).","ama":"Bauer C, Kenter T, Lass M, et al. Noctua 2 Supercomputer. <i>Journal of large-scale research facilities</i>. 2024;9. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-8-187 \">10.17815/jlsrf-8-187 </a>","chicago":"Bauer, Carsten, Tobias Kenter, Michael Lass, Lukas Mazur, Marius Meyer, Holger Nitsche, Heinrich Riebler, et al. “Noctua 2 Supercomputer.” <i>Journal of Large-Scale Research Facilities</i> 9 (2024). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-8-187 \">https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-8-187 </a>.","ieee":"C. Bauer <i>et al.</i>, “Noctua 2 Supercomputer,” <i>Journal of large-scale research facilities</i>, vol. 9, 2024, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-8-187 \">10.17815/jlsrf-8-187 </a>."},"has_accepted_license":"1","publication_status":"published","article_type":"original","file_date_updated":"2024-04-26T08:35:17Z","_id":"53663","project":[{"name":"PC2: Computing Resources Provided by the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing","_id":"52"}],"department":[{"_id":"27"},{"_id":"518"}],"user_id":"8961","status":"public","type":"journal_article","title":"Noctua 2 Supercomputer","date_created":"2024-04-26T07:39:41Z","year":"2024","keyword":["Noctua 2","Supercomputer","FPGA","PC2","Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing"],"ddc":["004"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Noctua 2 is a supercomputer operated at the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing (PC2) at Paderborn University in Germany. Noctua 2 was inaugurated in 2022 and is an Atos BullSequana XH2000 system. It consists mainly of three node types: 1) CPU Compute nodes with AMD EPYC processors in different main memory configurations, 2) GPU nodes with NVIDIA A100 GPUs, and 3) FPGA nodes with Xilinx Alveo U280 and Intel Stratix 10 FPGA cards. While CPUs and GPUs are known off-the-shelf components in HPC systems, the operation of a large number of FPGA cards from different vendors and a dedicated FPGA-to-FPGA network are unique characteristics of Noctua 2. This paper describes in detail the overall setup of Noctua 2 and gives insights into the operation of the cluster from a hardware, software and facility perspective."}],"file":[{"creator":"deffel","date_created":"2024-04-26T07:30:20Z","date_updated":"2024-04-26T08:35:17Z","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"Noctua2_Supercomputer.pdf","file_id":"53664","file_size":3825480,"content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file"}],"publication":"Journal of large-scale research facilities"}]