@article{65757, abstract = {{Electrifying the heating sector is essential for achieving global climate targets like the Paris Agreement’s 1.5 °C goal. In Germany, where 80 % of household energy goes to space heating and hot water, shifting to low-carbon solutions is crucial. Fossil-fuelled district heating networks can incorporate renewable energy via heat pumps, improving efficiency. Although heat pump design typically favours minimal temperature lifts, higher lifts can be economically viable with low electricity prices and abundant renewables. Adding thermal energy storage boosts operational flexibility. This study explores a flexible heat pump operation incorporating part load behaviour with a thermal energy storage in a German city’s district heating system to minimise costs and carbon dioxide emissions. Using a mixed-integer linear programming model, it examines the impact of temperature adjustments and storage on system efficiency. The results show that the integration of a heat pump in a district heating system reduces operating costs. Compared to a supply without a heat pump, with levelised cost of heating of 9.98 cent/kWhth and a fixed operating mode with costs between 9.96 cent/kWhth and 11.49 cent/kWhth, the flexible use results in lowest costs of 9.85 cent/kWhth, while also reducing overall CO2 emissions. Using a full factorial sensitivity analysis, the levelised cost of heating ranged between 9.15 cent/kWhth in the best case and 10.37 cent/kWhth in the worst case for the selected configuration.}}, author = {{Rahlf, Henning Christoph and Divkovic, Denis and Knorr, Lukas and Schlosser, Florian and Meschede, Henning}}, issn = {{0196-8904}}, journal = {{Energy Conversion and Management}}, keywords = {{Heat transition, Optimisation, Temperature flexibility, Decarbonisation, Multi energy}}, publisher = {{Elsevier BV}}, title = {{{Flexible operation strategies for heat pumps in district heating systems using dynamic electricity prices}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121714}}, volume = {{364}}, year = {{2026}}, } @article{63498, author = {{Kirchgässner, Wilhelm and Förster, Nikolas and Piepenbrock, Till and Schweins, Oliver and Wallscheid, Oliver}}, journal = {{IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics}}, keywords = {{Mathematical models, Estimation, Data models, Convolutional neural networks, Accuracy, Magnetic hysteresis, Magnetic cores, Temperature measurement, Magnetic domains, Temperature distribution, Convolutional neural network (CNN), machine learning (ML), magnetics}}, number = {{2}}, pages = {{3326--3335}}, title = {{{HARDCORE: H-Field and Power Loss Estimation for Arbitrary Waveforms With Residual, Dilated Convolutional Neural Networks in Ferrite Cores}}}, doi = {{10.1109/TPEL.2024.3488174}}, volume = {{40}}, year = {{2025}}, } @article{46637, author = {{Gonchikzhapov, Munko and Kasper, Tina}}, issn = {{2666-352X}}, journal = {{Applications in Energy and Combustion Science}}, keywords = {{Nanoparticle synthesis, Flame spray pyrolysis, SpraySyn burner, Flame structure, Species distribution, Temperature distribution}}, publisher = {{Elsevier BV}}, title = {{{Thermal and chemical structure of ethanol and 2-ethylhexanoic acid/ethanol SpraySyn flames}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.jaecs.2023.100174}}, volume = {{15}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{63948, abstract = {{In this work, the behavior of four different commercially available polarizing agents is investigated employing the non-ionic model surfactant 1-octanol as analyte. A relative method for the comparison of the proportion of the direct and indirect polarization transfer pathways is established, allowing a direct comparison of the polarization efficacy for different radicals and different parts of the 1-octanol molecule despite differences in radical concentration or sample amount. With this approach, it could be demonstrated that the hydrophilicity is a key factor in the way polarization is transferred from the polarizing agent to the analyte. These findings are confirmed by the determination of buildup times Tb, illustrating that the choice of polarizing agent plays an essential role in ensuring an optimal polarization transfer and therefore the maximum amount of enhancement possible for DNP enhanced NMR measurements.}}, author = {{Döller, Sonja C. and Gutmann, Torsten and Hoffmann, Markus and Buntkowsky, Gerd}}, journal = {{Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance}}, keywords = {{DNP NMR, Dynamics, Low temperature NMR, Octanol, Solid state NMR, Surfactants}}, pages = {{101829}}, title = {{{A case study on the influence of hydrophilicity on the signal enhancement by dynamic nuclear polarization}}}, volume = {{122}}, year = {{2022}}, } @inproceedings{23760, abstract = {{The laser sintering process has been a well-established AM process for many years. Disadvantages of LS are the low material variety and the thermal damage of the unprocessed material. The low temperature laser sintering attacks at this point and processes powder material at a build chamber temperature lower than the recrystallization temperature. This drastic reduction in temperature results in significantly less thermal damage to the material. This work deals with the low temperature laser sintering of Polyamide 12 (PA12) on a commercial, unmodified laser sintering system to compare it to standard laser sintered PA12 and to create the basis for low temperature laser sintering of high temperature materials on such a system. First results by changing the exposure parameters and by fixing parts on a building platform show a processing of PA12 on an EOS P396 at a build chamber temperature less than 100 °C instead of standard approx. 175 °C.}}, author = {{Menge, Dennis and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}}, keywords = {{Low Temp LS, Low Temperature Laser Sintering, Polyamid 12}}, location = {{Austin, TX}}, title = {{{Low Temperature Laser Sintering on a Standard System: First Attempts and Results with PA12}}}, year = {{2021}}, } @inproceedings{24551, abstract = {{Access to precise meteorological data is crucial to be able to plan and install renewable energy systems such as solar power plants and wind farms. In case of solar energy, knowledge of local irradiance and air temperature values is very important. For this, various methods can be used such as installing local weather stations or using meteorological data from different organizations such as Meteonorm or official Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD). An alternative is to use satellite reanalysis datasets provided by organizations like the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). In this paper the “Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications” dataset version 2 (MERRA-2) will be presented, and its performance will be evaluated by comparing it to locally measured datasets provided by Meteonorm and DWD. The analysis shows very high correlation between MERRA-2 and local measurements (correlation coefficients of 0.99) for monthly global irradiance and air temperature values. The results prove the suitability of MERRA-2 data for applications requiring long historical data. Moreover, availability of MERRA-2 for the whole world with an acceptable resolution makes it a very valuable dataset.}}, author = {{Khatibi, Arash and Krauter, Stefan}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)}}, isbn = {{3-936338-78-7}}, keywords = {{Energy potential estimation, Photovoltaic, Solar radiation, Temperature measurement, Satellite data, Meteonorm, MERRA-2, DWD}}, pages = {{1141 -- 1147}}, title = {{{Comparison and Validation of Irradiance Data: Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 vs. Meteonorm and German Weather Service (DWD)}}}, doi = {{10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11}}, year = {{2021}}, } @article{30932, author = {{Herberg, Artjom and Yu, Xiaoqian and Kuckling, Dirk}}, journal = {{Polymers}}, keywords = {{controlled radical polymerization, atom transfer radical polymerization, end group determination, N-isopropylacrylamide, block copolymerization, smart polymers, temperature sensitive polymers, lower critical solution temperature, ESI-TOF mass spectrometry, ion mobility separation, size exclusion chromatography}}, number = {{4}}, publisher = {{MDPI}}, title = {{{End Group Stability of Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP)-Synthesized Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide): Perspectives for Diblock Copolymer Synthesis}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11040678}}, volume = {{11}}, year = {{2019}}, } @inproceedings{13222, abstract = {{When performing measurements, the effects of the measurement system itself on the measured data generally must be eliminated. Consequently, those effects, i.e. the system’s dynamic behavior, need to be known. For the piezo-composite transducers in an ultrasonic transmission line, a model based approach is used to describe their dynamic behavior and take into account its dependence on the environment temperature and the acoustic impedance of the target medium. Temperature-dependent model parameters are presented, which are obtained by performing a multiplepart identification process on the transducer model, based on electrical impedance measurements [1]. The identification process uses an inverse approach for optimizing a subset of the model parameters. Additionally, algorithmic differentiation methods are used to determine accurate derivatives. In a final optimization step, impedance measurements taken at different temperatures are used to determine the temperature dependencies of the model parameters. These can then be used to assess the plausibility of the identification results. Additionally, the parameters can be expressed as polynomials in the temperature to take different operating conditions into account.}}, author = {{Webersen, Manuel and Bause, Fabian and Rautenberg, Jens and Henning, Bernd}}, booktitle = {{AMA Conferences 2015}}, keywords = {{piezo-composite, transducer, temperature dependency, identification, plausibility}}, location = {{Nürnberg}}, pages = {{195--200}}, title = {{{Identification of temperature-dependent model parameters of ultrasonic piezo-composite transducers}}}, year = {{2015}}, } @inproceedings{9887, abstract = {{A model to calculate the locally resolved tangential contact forces of the wheel rail contact with respect to contact kinematics, material and surface properties as well as temperature is introduced. The elasticity of wheel and rail is modeled as an elastic layer consisting of point contact elements connected by springs to each other and to the wheel. Each element has two degrees of freedom in tangential directions. The resulting total stiffness matrix is reduced to calculate only the position of the elements in contact. Friction forces as well as contact stiffnesses are incorporated by a nonlinear force-displacement characteristic, which originates from a detailed contact model. The contact elements are transported through the contact zone in discrete time steps. After each time step an equilibrium is calculated. For all elements, their temperature and its influence on local friction are regarded by calculating friction power and temperature each time step.}}, author = {{Neuhaus, Jan and Sextro, Walter}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Computational Methods}}, editor = {{Liu, G.R. and Guan, Z.W.}}, keywords = {{Rolling Contact, Discrete Elements, Contact Stiffness, Temperature}}, publisher = {{ScienTech Publisher}}, title = {{{Thermo-Mechanical Model for Wheel Rail Contact using Coupled Point Contact Elements}}}, year = {{2014}}, } @article{34442, abstract = {{Radial shaft seals are used in a variety of applications, where rotating shafts in steady housings have to be sealed. Typical examples are crankshafts, camshafts, differential gear or hydraulic pumps. In the operating state the elastomeric seal ring and the shaft are separated by a lubrication film of just a few micrometers. Due to shear strain and fluid friction the contact area is subject to a higher temperature than the rest of the seal ring. The stiffness of the elastomeric material is intensely influenced by this temperature and thus contact pressure, friction and wear also strongly depend on the contact temperature. In order to simulate the contact behavior of elastomer seal rings it is essential to use a comprehensive approach which takes into consideration the interaction of temperature, friction and wear. Based on this idea a macroscopic simulation model has been developed at the MEGT. It combines a finite element approach for the simulation of contact pressure at different wear states, a semi-analytical approach for the calculation of contact temperature and an empirical approach for the calculation of friction. In this paper the model setup is presented, as well as simulation and experimental results.}}, author = {{Frölich, D. and Magyar, Balázs and Sauer, B.}}, issn = {{0043-1648}}, journal = {{Wear}}, keywords = {{Radial shaft seal ring, Contact temperature, Wear, Friction torque, Finite element simulation}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{71--80}}, title = {{{A comprehensive model of wear, friction and contact temperature in radial shaft seals}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2013.12.030}}, volume = {{311}}, year = {{2014}}, } @article{9772, abstract = {{A profound description of friction in wheel--rail contact plays an essential role for optimization of traction control strategies, as input quantity for railway simulations in general and for the estimation of wear and rolling contact fatigue. A multitude of wheel--rail contact models exists, however, traction--creepage curves obtained from measurements show quantitative and qualitative deviations. There are several phenomena which influence the traction--creepage characteristics: Mechanisms resulting from surface roughness, frictional heating or the presence of interfacial fluids can have a dominating influence on friction. In this paper, a new wheel--rail contact model, accounting for these influential parameters, will be presented. The presented model accounts for the interaction of an interfacial fluid model for combined boundary and mixed lubrication of rough surfaces with a wheel--rail contact model that additionally accounts for frictional heating. A quantitative comparison with measurements found in the literature is not conducted, since the exact conditions of the measurements are mostly unknown and parameters can easily be adjusted to fit the measurements. Emphasis is placed on the qualitative behavior of the model with respect to the measurements and good agreement is found. The dependence of the maximum traction coefficient on rolling velocity, surface roughness and normal load is studied under dry and water lubricated conditions.}}, author = {{Tomberger, Christoph and Dietmaier, Peter and Sextro, Walter and Six, Klaus}}, issn = {{0043-1648}}, journal = {{Wear}}, keywords = {{Wheel--rail contact, Rolling contact, Friction, Interfacial fluid, Lubrication, Surface roughness, Contact temperature}}, pages = {{2 -- 12}}, title = {{{Friction in wheel--rail contact: A model comprising interfacial fluids, surface roughness and temperature}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.wear.2010.10.025}}, volume = {{271}}, year = {{2011}}, } @article{9744, abstract = {{Direct ultrasound irradiation is advantageous to increase the efficiency of the hydrothermal method which can be used for the production of piezoelectric thin films and lead free piezoelectric ceramics. To apply ultrasound directly to the process transducer prototypes were developed regarding the boundary conditions of the hydrothermal method. LiNbO$_{3}$ and PIC 181 were proven as feasible materials for high temperature resistant transducers ($\geq 200^\circ C$). Resistance of the transducers horn against the corrosive mineralizer was achieved by using Hastelloy C-22. The efficiency of the ultrasound assisted hydrothermal method depends on the generated sound field. Impedance and sound field measurements have shown that the sound field depends on the filling level and the position and design of the transducer.}}, author = {{Bornmann, Peter and Hemsel, Tobias and Littmann, Walter and Ageba, Ryo and Kadota, Yoishi and Morita, Takeshi}}, issn = {{1948-5719}}, journal = {{Journal of Korean Physical Society}}, keywords = {{High-temperature transducer, Hydrothermal method, Lithium-niobate transducer}}, number = {{4}}, pages = {{1122}}, title = {{{Ultrasonic Transducer for the Hydrothermal Method}}}, doi = {{10.3938/jkps.57.1122}}, volume = {{57}}, year = {{2010}}, } @inproceedings{38537, abstract = {{Ubiquitous systems use context information to select and adapt multimodal user interfaces and appliances for individual users in certain situations. However, in order to enable true reactive environments, context information has to be adequately collected, filtered, and processed and combined with user, device and other profiles. In this article, we present how an XML-based transcoding system can be applied for advanced profile processing and evolution. We demonstrate how to encode domain knowledge into sets of rules, which perform adaptations of user, device and context profiles for smart environments.}}, author = {{Schäfer, Robbie and Müller, Wolfgang and Groppe, Jinghua}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Ubiquitous Intelligence and Computing (UIC-06)}}, keywords = {{Resource Description Framework User Preference Smart Home Prefer Temperature Preference Profile}}, title = {{{Profile Processing and Evolution for Smart Environments}}}, year = {{2006}}, }