@article{37074,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>Pointing is one of the first conventional means of communication and infants have various motives for engaging in it such as imperative, declarative, or informative. Little is known about the developmental paths of producing and understanding these different motives. In our longitudinal study (N = 58) during the second year of life, we experimentally elicited infants’ pointing production and comprehension in various settings and under pragmatically valid conditions. We followed two steps in our analyses and assessed the occurrence of canonical index-finger pointing for different motives and the engagement in an ongoing interaction in pursuit of a joint goal revealed by frequency and multimodal utterances. For understanding the developmental paths, we compared two groups: typically developing infants (TD) and infants who have been assessed as having delayed language development (LD). Results showed that the developmental paths differed according to the various motives. When comparing the two groups, for all motives, LD infants produced index-finger pointing 2 months later than TD infants. For the engagement, although the pattern was less consistent across settings, the frequency of pointing was comparable in both groups, but infants with LD used less canonical forms of pointing and made fewer multimodal contributions than TD children.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Rohlfing, Katharina J. and Lüke, Carina and Liszkowski, Ulf and Ritterfeld, Ute and Grimminger, Angela}},
  issn         = {{1660-4601}},
  journal      = {{International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}},
  keywords     = {{Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health}},
  number       = {{9}},
  publisher    = {{MDPI AG}},
  title        = {{{Developmental Paths of Pointing for Various Motives in Infants with and without Language Delay}}},
  doi          = {{10.3390/ijerph19094982}},
  volume       = {{19}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

@article{42713,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>The development of motor competencies is necessary for participation in the culture of sport, exercise, and physical activity, which in turn supports the development of a healthy lifestyle. A lack of physical activity in childhood and deficits in motor performance emphasize the relevance of interventions for promoting basic motor competencies. However, there are research desiderata with regard to such interventions. This article describes an intervention program for promoting basic motor competencies in middle childhood (around 6 to 10 years of age). The intervention was investigated in a longitudinal study from June 2019 to January 2020 (n = 200; 58% girls, M = 8.84 years, SD = 0.63) at three primary schools. The intervention was conducted once a week in physical education (PE). The comparison group participated in regular PE. The intervention showed significant effects on basic motor competencies in object movement but not in self-movement. The results demonstrate that positive effects on basic motor competencies can be achieved with the help of a relatively simple intervention. Further longitudinal studies are desirable as a means of substantiating the results and developing evidence-based concepts to support children in their development in the best possible way.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Strotmeyer, Anne and Kehne, Miriam and Herrmann, Christian}},
  issn         = {{1660-4601}},
  journal      = {{International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}},
  keywords     = {{Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health}},
  number       = {{14}},
  publisher    = {{MDPI AG}},
  title        = {{{Effects of an Intervention for Promoting Basic Motor Competencies in Middle Childhood}}},
  doi          = {{10.3390/ijerph18147343}},
  volume       = {{18}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}

@article{34315,
  author       = {{Gad, Mohamed Z. and Hassanein, Sally I. and Abdel-Maksoud, Sahar M. and Shaban, Gamal M. and Abou-Aisha, Khaled and Elgabarty, Hossam}},
  issn         = {{1354-750X}},
  journal      = {{Biomarkers}},
  keywords     = {{Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Clinical Biochemistry, Biochemistry}},
  number       = {{8}},
  pages        = {{746--752}},
  publisher    = {{Informa UK Limited}},
  title        = {{{Assessment of serum levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine, symmetric dimethylarginine and<scp>l</scp>-arginine in coronary artery disease}}},
  doi          = {{10.3109/1354750x.2010.519784}},
  volume       = {{15}},
  year         = {{2010}},
}