@article{43367, author = {{Janzen, V. and Meschut, G. and Dahmen, M. and Poprawe, R. and Lindner, S. and Wagener, R. and Melz, T.}}, issn = {{0043-2288}}, journal = {{Welding in the World}}, keywords = {{Metals and Alloys, Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials}}, number = {{4}}, pages = {{545--554}}, publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}}, title = {{{Investigation on joint characteristics of laser beam welded press hardenable ultra-high strength steels with ferritic-martensitic and martensitic microstructure}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s40194-015-0229-0}}, volume = {{59}}, year = {{2015}}, } @article{43369, abstract = {{Global competition as well as social and scientific megatrends strongly influence the modern car manufacturing industry. One of the most important approaches is the implementation of lightweight constructions. Therefore, the usage of high performance materials with tailored properties gains importance. For safety-relevant components such as automotive passenger cells it is necessary to minimize deformation to reduce the risk of injury for the vehicle occupants during a car accident. Thus, hot stamped high-strength steels have been established. High-strength and low formability of this kind of materials represent new challenges for joining technologies. One possibility to join high-strength steels is the newly developed shear-clinching technology. Due to the use of a combined cutting and joining process, the connection of dissimilar materials with high difference in strength and formability can be achieved. Further research to ensure process reliability and to improve the strength of the joint is required. One possible approach for this is the numerical investigation of the material flow during the joining process. Therefore, the definition of process parameters for the finite element model is necessary. A big impact on the quality of the results has the accuracy of the used friction values. As established testing methods are not suitable for modeling the rather complex tribological system between the joining partners of the shear-clinching process, an innovative testing method is needed. Studies in the field of sheet-bulk metal forming already demonstrated the applicability of the ring compression test for sheet metals. This paper presents a concept for the adaption of the ring compression test to the specific needs of the investigated shear-clinching process. The numerical identification of the friction coefficients is validated by experimental data and first results are qualified by experimental and simulative shear-clinching joints.}}, author = {{Müller, Martin and Vierzigmann, Ulrich and Hörhold, Réjane and Meschut, Gerson and Merklein, Marion}}, issn = {{1662-9795}}, journal = {{Key Engineering Materials}}, keywords = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}}, pages = {{469--476}}, publisher = {{Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.}}, title = {{{Development of a Testing Method for the Identification of Friction Coefficients for Numerical Modeling of the Shear-Clinching Process}}}, doi = {{10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.639.469}}, volume = {{639}}, year = {{2015}}, } @article{41534, author = {{Niendorf, Thomas and Brenne, Florian and Hoyer, Kay-Peter and Schwarze, Dieter and Schaper, Mirko and Grothe, Richard and Wiesener, Markus and Grundmeier, Guido and Maier, Hans Jürgen}}, issn = {{1073-5623}}, journal = {{Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A}}, keywords = {{Metals and Alloys, Mechanics of Materials, Condensed Matter Physics}}, number = {{7}}, pages = {{2829--2833}}, publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}}, title = {{{Processing of New Materials by Additive Manufacturing: Iron-Based Alloys Containing Silver for Biomedical Applications}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s11661-015-2932-2}}, volume = {{46}}, year = {{2015}}, } @article{4035, abstract = {{We examine whether the mandated introduction of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) is associated with the propensity to access the public rather than private debt market and the cost of debt. We use a global sample of public bonds and private loans and find that mandatory IFRS adopters are more likely, post-IFRS, to issue bonds than to borrow privately. We also find that mandatory IFRS adopters pay lower bond yield spreads, but not lower loan spreads, after the mandate. These findings are consistent with debt providers responding positively to financial reporting of higher quality and comparability, but only when there is a greater reliance on publicly available financial statements than private communication. Lastly, we document that the observed debt market benefits are concentrated in countries with larger differences between domestic GAAP and IFRS and are present even for EU countries that did not experience concurrent financial reporting enforcement or other institutional reforms. Overall, our study documents positive economic consequences around the mandated IFRS adoption for corporate debt financing and, in particular, for bond financing.}}, author = {{Florou, Annita and Kosi, Urska}}, issn = {{1573-7136}}, journal = {{Review of Accounting Studies}}, keywords = {{Accounting regulation, IFRS, Accounting quality, Public and private debt markets, Cost of debt}}, number = {{4}}, pages = {{1407--1456}}, title = {{{Does mandatory IFRS adoption facilitate debt financing?}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s11142-015-9325-z}}, volume = {{20}}, year = {{2015}}, } @article{3699, abstract = {{When taxes on capital or wealth are levied, in most countries companies have to be assessed in terms of their market value (MV). Estimating the MV of private companies for tax purposes is a challenging task for tax authorities as MVs are not available. In this study, I empirically analyse to what extent an accounting-based tax valuation method for private companies, a simplified residual income model, succeeds in matching the MV. I refer to the mandatory Standardised Combination Model that is a special case of methods commonly used in several countries. In the absence of market prices for private companies, I use a sample of small German public companies as a proxy. I validate this approach using a sensitivity analysis that involves matching the sample of public companies with that of private companies. The results imply that the mandatory Standardised Combination Model leads to a severe unequal treatment not only between public and private companies but also among private companies across and within industries. Furthermore, I simulate the effects of variation in the key parameters and highlight their impact on the approximation quality of the Standardised Combination Method. The findings are relevant to tax reform discussions as well as to tax policy-makers and practitioners in many countries.}}, author = {{Müller, Jens}}, journal = {{European Accounting Review}}, keywords = {{Challenge of Assessing, Tax Purposes}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{117----141}}, title = {{{The challenge of assessing the market value of private companies using a standardised combination method for tax purposes--Lessons to be learnt from past experience}}}, year = {{2014}}, } @article{4697, author = {{Sommerauer, Peter and Müller, Oliver}}, isbn = {{0360-1315}}, issn = {{03601315}}, journal = {{Computers and Education}}, keywords = {{Augmented reality, Cognitive theory of multimedia learning, Field experiment, Informal learning, Museum}}, pages = {{59----68}}, title = {{{Augmented reality in informal learning environments: A field experiment in a mathematics exhibition}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.compedu.2014.07.013}}, year = {{2014}}, } @inproceedings{11753, abstract = {{This contribution describes a step-wise source counting algorithm to determine the number of speakers in an offline scenario. Each speaker is identified by a variational expectation maximization (VEM) algorithm for complex Watson mixture models and therefore directly yields beamforming vectors for a subsequent speech separation process. An observation selection criterion is proposed which improves the robustness of the source counting in noise. The algorithm is compared to an alternative VEM approach with Gaussian mixture models based on directions of arrival and shown to deliver improved source counting accuracy. The article concludes by extending the offline algorithm towards a low-latency online estimation of the number of active sources from the streaming input data.}}, author = {{Drude, Lukas and Chinaev, Aleksej and Tran Vu, Dang Hai and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}}, booktitle = {{14th International Workshop on Acoustic Signal Enhancement (IWAENC 2014)}}, keywords = {{Accuracy, Acoustics, Estimation, Mathematical model, Soruce separation, Speech, Vectors, Bayes methods, Blind source separation, Directional statistics, Number of speakers, Speaker diarization}}, pages = {{213--217}}, title = {{{Towards Online Source Counting in Speech Mixtures Applying a Variational EM for Complex Watson Mixture Models}}}, year = {{2014}}, } @article{11861, abstract = {{In this contribution we present a theoretical and experimental investigation into the effects of reverberation and noise on features in the logarithmic mel power spectral domain, an intermediate stage in the computation of the mel frequency cepstral coefficients, prevalent in automatic speech recognition (ASR). Gaining insight into the complex interaction between clean speech, noise, and noisy reverberant speech features is essential for any ASR system to be robust against noise and reverberation present in distant microphone input signals. The findings are gathered in a probabilistic formulation of an observation model which may be used in model-based feature compensation schemes. The proposed observation model extends previous models in three major directions: First, the contribution of additive background noise to the observation error is explicitly taken into account. Second, an energy compensation constant is introduced which ensures an unbiased estimate of the reverberant speech features, and, third, a recursive variant of the observation model is developed resulting in reduced computational complexity when used in model-based feature compensation. The experimental section is used to evaluate the accuracy of the model and to describe how its parameters can be determined from test data.}}, author = {{Leutnant, Volker and Krueger, Alexander and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}}, issn = {{2329-9290}}, journal = {{IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing}}, keywords = {{computational complexity, reverberation, speech recognition, automatic speech recognition, background noise, clean speech, computational complexity, energy compensation, logarithmic mel power spectral domain, mel frequency cepstral coefficients, microphone input signals, model-based feature compensation schemes, noisy reverberant speech automatic recognition, noisy reverberant speech features, reverberation, Atmospheric modeling, Computational modeling, Noise, Noise measurement, Reverberation, Speech, Vectors, Model-based feature compensation, observation model for reverberant and noisy speech, recursive observation model, robust automatic speech recognition}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{95--109}}, title = {{{A New Observation Model in the Logarithmic Mel Power Spectral Domain for the Automatic Recognition of Noisy Reverberant Speech}}}, doi = {{10.1109/TASLP.2013.2285480}}, volume = {{22}}, year = {{2014}}, } @article{11867, abstract = {{New waves of consumer-centric applications, such as voice search and voice interaction with mobile devices and home entertainment systems, increasingly require automatic speech recognition (ASR) to be robust to the full range of real-world noise and other acoustic distorting conditions. Despite its practical importance, however, the inherent links between and distinctions among the myriad of methods for noise-robust ASR have yet to be carefully studied in order to advance the field further. To this end, it is critical to establish a solid, consistent, and common mathematical foundation for noise-robust ASR, which is lacking at present. This article is intended to fill this gap and to provide a thorough overview of modern noise-robust techniques for ASR developed over the past 30 years. We emphasize methods that are proven to be successful and that are likely to sustain or expand their future applicability. We distill key insights from our comprehensive overview in this field and take a fresh look at a few old problems, which nevertheless are still highly relevant today. Specifically, we have analyzed and categorized a wide range of noise-robust techniques using five different criteria: 1) feature-domain vs. model-domain processing, 2) the use of prior knowledge about the acoustic environment distortion, 3) the use of explicit environment-distortion models, 4) deterministic vs. uncertainty processing, and 5) the use of acoustic models trained jointly with the same feature enhancement or model adaptation process used in the testing stage. With this taxonomy-oriented review, we equip the reader with the insight to choose among techniques and with the awareness of the performance-complexity tradeoffs. The pros and cons of using different noise-robust ASR techniques in practical application scenarios are provided as a guide to interested practitioners. The current challenges and future research directions in this field is also carefully analyzed.}}, author = {{Li, Jinyu and Deng, Li and Gong, Yifan and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}}, journal = {{IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing}}, keywords = {{Speech recognition, compensation, distortion modeling, joint model training, noise, robustness, uncertainty processing}}, number = {{4}}, pages = {{745--777}}, title = {{{An Overview of Noise-Robust Automatic Speech Recognition}}}, doi = {{10.1109/TASLP.2014.2304637}}, volume = {{22}}, year = {{2014}}, } @article{41224, author = {{Keceli, E. and Hemgesberg, M. and Grünker, R. and Bon, V. and Wilhelm, C. and Philippi, T. and Schoch, Roland and Sun, Y. and Bauer, Matthias and Ernst, S. and Kaskel, S. and Thiel, Werner R.}}, issn = {{1387-1811}}, journal = {{Microporous and Mesoporous Materials}}, keywords = {{Mechanics of Materials, Condensed Matter Physics, General Materials Science, General Chemistry}}, pages = {{115--125}}, publisher = {{Elsevier BV}}, title = {{{A series of amide functionalized isoreticular metal organic frameworks}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.micromeso.2014.03.022}}, volume = {{194}}, year = {{2014}}, } @article{8171, abstract = {{The polynomial hierarchy plays a central role in classical complexity theory. Here, we define a quantum generalization of the polynomial hierarchy, and initiate its study. We show that not only are there natural complete problems for the second level of this quantum hierarchy, but that these problems are in fact hard to approximate. Using the same techniques, we also obtain hardness of approximation for the class QCMA. Our approach is based on the use of dispersers, and is inspired by the classical results of Umans regarding hardness of approximation for the second level of the classical polynomial hierarchy [Umans, FOCS 1999]. The problems for which we prove hardness of approximation for include, among others, a quantum version of the Succinct Set Cover problem, and a variant of the local Hamiltonian problem with hybrid classical-quantum ground states.}}, author = {{Gharibian, Sevag and Kempe, Julia}}, journal = {{Quantum Information & Computation}}, keywords = {{Hardness of approximation, polynomial time hierarchy, succinct set cover, quantum complexity}}, number = {{5-6}}, pages = {{517--540}}, title = {{{Hardness of approximation for quantum problems}}}, volume = {{14}}, year = {{2014}}, } @article{43425, author = {{Meschut, Gerson and Süllentrop, Sebastian}}, issn = {{0043-2288}}, journal = {{Welding in the World}}, keywords = {{Metals and Alloys, Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials}}, number = {{5}}, pages = {{755--762}}, publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}}, title = {{{The use of radiation-cured adhesives on adhesive stud assembly process}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s40194-014-0176-1}}, volume = {{58}}, year = {{2014}}, } @article{43432, author = {{Meschut, G. and Janzen, V. and Olfermann, T.}}, issn = {{1059-9495}}, journal = {{Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance}}, keywords = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}}, number = {{5}}, pages = {{1515--1523}}, publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}}, title = {{{Innovative and Highly Productive Joining Technologies for Multi-Material Lightweight Car Body Structures}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s11665-014-0962-3}}, volume = {{23}}, year = {{2014}}, } @article{43153, abstract = {{Facing a decreasing amount of resources on the one hand and an increasing demand for comfort on the other, more and more attention is being paid to sustainability and care for the environment. Particularly in the automotive sector, lightweight design principles continue to prosper rapidly. As a result, adjusted materials for different applications were developed. Due to the formation of intermetallic phases, most multi-material mixes cannot be welded and require adapted joining technologies. Mechanical joining technologies such as self-piercing riveting and mechanical clinching have proven effective methods of joining lightweight materials like aluminium and ductile steels. New high-strength steels are increasingly used in crash-sections, where limited deformation under impact load is required. These hot stamped steels have a very low elongation at break and therefore a low formability. Currently there is no joining by forming technology without pre-punching available using these grades of steels on die-side. The newly developed shear-clinching process is one possible method of joining this kind of material without additional elements. The fundamental idea of shear-clinching is a single-stage process in which pre-punching of the die-side material is performed by indirect shear-cutting and subsequent forming of the upper layer into this hole. This would immensely enlarge the application segment of mechanical clinching even if hot stamped steels are positioned on die-side. Fundamental studies are required to ensure process reliability and it is necessary to break down the joining process into fragments, like pre-punching and clinching with pre-punched sheet, and superpose them to form the combined procedure shear-clinching. This paper presents a detailed investigation of the sub-process clinching with pre-hole.}}, author = {{Merklein, Marion and Meschut, Gerson and Müller, Martin and Hörhold, Réjane}}, issn = {{1662-9795}}, journal = {{Key Engineering Materials}}, keywords = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}}, pages = {{1413--1420}}, publisher = {{Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.}}, title = {{{Basic Investigations of Non-Pre-Punched Joining by Forming of Aluminium Alloy and High Strength Steel with Shear-Clinching Technology}}}, doi = {{10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.611-612.1413}}, volume = {{611-612}}, year = {{2014}}, } @inproceedings{4478, abstract = {{The purpose of the research was to develop and validate an instrument for the assessment of attitudes towards the study environment in higher education contexts. The questionnaire is designed to measure students' attitudes towards two particular objects: the university (or Higher Education Institution) and the process of studying. Five studies at two different universities were conducted to develop and validate the Attitudes towards the Study Environment Questionnaire (ASEQ). In total, 1640 students filled in the questionnaire. Reliability tests and exploratory factor analysis as well as confirmatory factor analysis showed satisfactory psychometric characteristics of the ASEQ. Each part of the questionnaire is internally consistent and construct validity of the scales is supported by correlations with other constructs as assumed by current theories: Positive attitudinal constructs (normative behavior, autonomy, joy, self-efficacy, and task value) are positively related to intrinsic motivation and the expected study performance while anxiety is negatively related to these constructs. Since attitudes towards the study situation are connected to student engagement and motivation, the study contributes to the theory of student learning by providing a validated instrument to assess attitudes. Thus, the ASEQ can support further research on student performance and development by providing an instrument for the hitherto neglected but nonetheless extremely relevant domain of attitudes. Also, the questionnaire can be used as a diagnostic instrument for higher education faculty and administration to trace students' attitudinal development over time - a factor of prime importance for student socialization during the introductory phase of studying.}}, author = {{Brahm, Taiga and Jenert, Tobias and Euler, Dieter}}, keywords = {{attitudes, teaching and learning, studying, higher education institution, theory of planned behavior, instrument development}}, location = {{München }}, publisher = {{EARLI European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction}}, title = {{{On the assessment of attitudes towards the study process and the university: Attitudes towards the Study Environment Questionnaire (ASEQ)}}}, year = {{2013}}, } @inproceedings{4481, abstract = {{Die vorliegende Untersuchung an der Universität St. Gallen soll Erkenntnisse über die Verläufe der Einstellungsveränderungen der Studierenden geben (vgl. Brahm & Jenert, 2012). Basierend auf der Theorie des geplanten Verhaltens (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980) werden drei Forschungsfragen adressiert: (1) Gibt es typische Pfade der Einstellungsentwicklung? (2) Wie wird das normative Verhalten von Mitstudierenden und anderen Personen wahrgenommen? (3) Welche Erfahrungen beeinflussen die Entwicklung? Zur Beantwortung dieser Fragen wurde über das erste Studienjahr hinweg eine Interviewserie mit 13 Studierenden durchgeführt. Die Datenanalyse mithilfe grafischer Case Histories zeigt, dass die Einstellungen der Probanden über die Zeit differenzierter werden. Zudem gibt es Widersprüche zwischen den Einstellungen und dem wahrgenommenen normativen Verhalten. Dabei ist die Einstellungsentwicklung von konkreten Ereignissen geprägt und kann damit durch strukturelle Interventionen beeinflusst werden.}}, author = {{Jenert, Tobias and Brahm, Taiga}}, keywords = {{student attitudes, theory of planned behaviour, Einstellungsentwicklung, student motivation}}, location = {{Hildesheim}}, publisher = {{Institut für Psychologie}}, title = {{{Die Entwicklung studien-und hochschulbezogener Einstellungen an einer Wirtschaftsuniversität: eine qualitative Längsschnittstudie}}}, year = {{2013}}, } @article{9805, abstract = {{Piezoelectric inertia motors, also known as ``stick--slip drives'', use the inertia of a body to drive it in small steps by means of a friction contact. While these steps are classically assumed to involve stiction and sliding, the motors can also operate in ``slip--slip'' mode without any phase of static friction. This contribution provides a systematic investigation and performance comparison of different stick--slip and slip--slip modes of operation. Different criteria for comparing the motional performance of inertia motors are defined: Steady state velocity, smoothness of motion, and start-up time. Using the example of a translational inertia motor excited by an ideal displacement signal, it is found that the maximum velocity reachable in stick--slip operation is limited principally, while continuous slip--slip operation allows very high velocities. For the investigated driving signals, the motor velocity is proportional to the square root of the actuator stroke. The motor performance with these ideal signals defines an upper boundary for the performance of real motors.}}, author = {{Hunstig, Matthias and Hemsel, Tobias and Sextro, Walter}}, journal = {{Sensors and Actuators A: Physical}}, keywords = {{Inertia motor, Stick--slip drive, Mode of operation, Performance indicator, Velocity maximization, Actuator stroke}}, pages = {{90 -- 100}}, title = {{{Stick-slip and slip-slip operation of piezoelectric inertia drives - Part I: Ideal Excitation.}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.sna.2012.11.012}}, volume = {{200}}, year = {{2013}}, } @inproceedings{11716, abstract = {{The accuracy of automatic speech recognition systems in noisy and reverberant environments can be improved notably by exploiting the uncertainty of the estimated speech features using so-called uncertainty-of-observation techniques. In this paper, we introduce a new Bayesian decision rule that can serve as a mathematical framework from which both known and new uncertainty-of-observation techniques can be either derived or approximated. The new decision rule in its direct form leads to the new significance decoding approach for Gaussian mixture models, which results in better performance compared to standard uncertainty-of-observation techniques in different additive and convolutive noise scenarios.}}, author = {{Abdelaziz, Ahmed H. and Zeiler, Steffen and Kolossa, Dorothea and Leutnant, Volker and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}}, booktitle = {{Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), 2013 IEEE International Conference on}}, issn = {{1520-6149}}, keywords = {{Bayes methods, Gaussian processes, convolution, decision theory, decoding, noise, reverberation, speech coding, speech recognition, Bayesian decision rule, GMM, Gaussian mixture models, additive noise scenarios, automatic speech recognition systems, convolutive noise scenarios, decoding approach, mathematical framework, reverberant environments, significance decoding, speech feature estimation, uncertainty-of-observation techniques, Hidden Markov models, Maximum likelihood decoding, Noise, Speech, Speech recognition, Uncertainty, Uncertainty-of-observation, modified imputation, noise robust speech recognition, significance decoding, uncertainty decoding}}, pages = {{6827--6831}}, title = {{{GMM-based significance decoding}}}, doi = {{10.1109/ICASSP.2013.6638984}}, year = {{2013}}, } @inproceedings{11740, abstract = {{In this contribution we derive the Maximum A-Posteriori (MAP) estimates of the parameters of a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) in the presence of noisy observations. We assume the distortion to be white Gaussian noise of known mean and variance. An approximate conjugate prior of the GMM parameters is derived allowing for a computationally efficient implementation in a sequential estimation framework. Simulations on artificially generated data demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method compared to the Maximum Likelihood technique and to the ordinary MAP approach, whose estimates are corrected by the known statistics of the distortion in a straightforward manner.}}, author = {{Chinaev, Aleksej and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}}, booktitle = {{38th International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP 2013)}}, issn = {{1520-6149}}, keywords = {{Gaussian noise, maximum likelihood estimation, parameter estimation, GMM parameter, Gaussian mixture model, MAP estimation, Map-based estimation, maximum a-posteriori estimation, maximum likelihood technique, noisy observation, sequential estimation framework, white Gaussian noise, Additive noise, Gaussian mixture model, Maximum likelihood estimation, Noise measurement, Gaussian mixture model, Maximum a posteriori estimation, Maximum likelihood estimation}}, pages = {{3352--3356}}, title = {{{MAP-based Estimation of the Parameters of a Gaussian Mixture Model in the Presence of Noisy Observations}}}, doi = {{10.1109/ICASSP.2013.6638279}}, year = {{2013}}, } @article{11862, abstract = {{In this contribution we extend a previously proposed Bayesian approach for the enhancement of reverberant logarithmic mel power spectral coefficients for robust automatic speech recognition to the additional compensation of background noise. A recently proposed observation model is employed whose time-variant observation error statistics are obtained as a side product of the inference of the a posteriori probability density function of the clean speech feature vectors. Further a reduction of the computational effort and the memory requirements are achieved by using a recursive formulation of the observation model. The performance of the proposed algorithms is first experimentally studied on a connected digits recognition task with artificially created noisy reverberant data. It is shown that the use of the time-variant observation error model leads to a significant error rate reduction at low signal-to-noise ratios compared to a time-invariant model. Further experiments were conducted on a 5000 word task recorded in a reverberant and noisy environment. A significant word error rate reduction was obtained demonstrating the effectiveness of the approach on real-world data.}}, author = {{Leutnant, Volker and Krueger, Alexander and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}}, journal = {{IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing}}, keywords = {{Bayes methods, compensation, error statistics, reverberation, speech recognition, Bayesian feature enhancement, background noise, clean speech feature vectors, compensation, connected digits recognition task, error statistics, memory requirements, noisy reverberant data, posteriori probability density function, recursive formulation, reverberant logarithmic mel power spectral coefficients, robust automatic speech recognition, signal-to-noise ratios, time-variant observation, word error rate reduction, Robust automatic speech recognition, model-based Bayesian feature enhancement, observation model for reverberant and noisy speech, recursive observation model}}, number = {{8}}, pages = {{1640--1652}}, title = {{{Bayesian Feature Enhancement for Reverberation and Noise Robust Speech Recognition}}}, doi = {{10.1109/TASL.2013.2258013}}, volume = {{21}}, year = {{2013}}, }