@article{51198,
  author       = {{Köhler, D. and Sadeghian, B. and Troschitz, J. and Kupfer, R. and Gude, M. and Brosius, A.}},
  issn         = {{2666-3309}},
  journal      = {{Journal of Advanced Joining Processes}},
  keywords     = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, Engineering (miscellaneous), Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous)}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier BV}},
  title        = {{{Characterisation of lateral offsets in clinch points with computed tomography and transient dynamic analysis}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100089}},
  volume       = {{5}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}

@article{23431,
  abstract     = {{As an effective and accurate method for modelling composite materials, mean-field homogenization is still not well studied in modelling non-linear and damage behaviours of UD composites. Investigated micro FE-simulations show that the matrix of UD composites exhibits different average plastic behaviour, named as average asymmetric matrix plasticity (AAMP), when the composite behaves different under shear, longitudinal and transverse loadings. In this study, a non-linear mean-field debonding model (NMFDM) combining a mean-field model and a fibre–matrix interface debonding model, is developed to simulate UD composites under consideration of AAMP, fibre–matrix interface damage and progressive failure. AAMP is considered by using so-called stress mode factor, which is expressed in terms of basic invariants of the matrix deviatoric stress tensor and is used as an indicator for detection of differences in the loading mode. The material behaviour of UD composites with imperfect interface is assumed identical as for perfect interface and stiffness reduced fibres. Progressive failure criteria are established with consideration of fibre breakage and matrix crack for different fibre orientations. As a representative example for the NMFDM, a C30/E201 UD composite is studied. To verify the model, experiments are conducted on polymers, carbon fibres and UD CFRPs. Finally, the model is applied to simulate a perforated CFRP laminate, which shows excellent prediction ability on deformation, debonding and progressive failure.}},
  author       = {{Cheng, C. and Wang, Z. and Jin, Z. and Ju, X. and Schweizer, Swetlana and Tröster, Thomas and Mahnken, Rolf}},
  issn         = {{1359-8368}},
  journal      = {{Composites Part B: Engineering}},
  keywords     = {{Non-linear mean-field homogenization Average asymmetric plasticity of matrix Fibre–matrix interface debonding Micro-mechanical FE-simulation Progressive failure}},
  title        = {{{Non-linear mean-field modelling of UD composite laminates accounting for average asymmetric plasticity of the matrix, debonding and progressive failure}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109209}},
  volume       = {{224}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}

@article{41508,
  author       = {{Camberg, Alan Adam and Andreiev, Anatolii and Pramanik, Sudipta and Hoyer, Kay-Peter and Tröster, Thomas and Schaper, Mirko}},
  issn         = {{0921-5093}},
  journal      = {{Materials Science and Engineering: A}},
  keywords     = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, Condensed Matter Physics, General Materials Science}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier BV}},
  title        = {{{Strength enhancement of AlMg sheet metal parts by rapid heating and subsequent cold die stamping of severely cold-rolled blanks}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.msea.2021.142312}},
  volume       = {{831}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}

@article{57971,
  abstract     = {{Repetitive TMS (rTMS) with a frequency of 5-10~Hz is widely used for language mapping. However, it may be accompanied by discomfort and is limited in the number and reliability of evoked language errors. We, here, systematically tested the influence of different stimulation frequencies (i.e., 10, 30, and 50 Hz) on tolerability, number, reliability, and cortical distribution of language errors aiming at improved language mapping. 15 right-handed, healthy subjects (m~=~8, median age: 29 yrs) were investigated in two sessions, separated by 2-5 days. In each session, 10, 30, and 50 Hz rTMS were applied over the left hemisphere in a randomized order during a picture naming task. Overall, 30 Hz rTMS evoked significantly more errors (20 $\pm$ 12{%}) compared to 50 Hz (12 $\pm$ 8{%}; p {\textless}.01), whereas error rates were comparable between 30/50 and 10~Hz (18 $\pm$ 11{%}). Across all conditions, a significantly higher error rate was found in Session 1 (19 $\pm$ 13{%}) compared to Session 2 (13 $\pm$ 7{%}, p {\textless}.05). The error rate was poorly reliable between sessions for 10 (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC~=~.315) and 30 Hz (ICC~=~.427), whereas 50 Hz showed a moderate reliability (ICC~=~.597). Spatial reliability of language errors was low to moderate with a tendency toward increased reliability for higher frequencies, for example, within frontal regions. Compared to 10~Hz, both, 30 and 50 Hz were rated as less painful. Taken together, our data favor the use of rTMS-protocols employing higher frequencies for evoking language errors reliably and with reduced discomfort, depending on the region of interest.}},
  author       = {{Nettekoven, Charlotte and Pieczewski, Julia and Neuschmelting, Volker and Jonas, Kristina and Goldbrunner, Roland and Grefkes, Christian and Weiss Lucas, Carolin}},
  journal      = {{Human brain mapping}},
  keywords     = {{Adult, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex/diagnostic imaging/physiology, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Pattern Recognition, Psycholinguistics, Reproducibility of Results, Speech/physiology, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Visual/physiology, Young Adult}},
  number       = {{16}},
  pages        = {{5309–5321}},
  title        = {{{Improving the efficacy and reliability of rTMS language mapping by increasing the stimulation frequency}}},
  doi          = {{10.1002/hbm.25619}},
  volume       = {{42}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}

@misc{23796,
  author       = {{Bernemann, Sören Antonius}},
  keywords     = {{CFD, landwirtschaftliche Abfälle, Volume-of-Fluid}},
  title        = {{{Erstellung eines CFD-Modells für die Entwicklung eines innovativen Trennapparates zur Stickstoffrückgewinnung aus landwirtschaftlichen Abfällen}}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

@article{16249,
  abstract     = {{Timing plays a crucial role in the context of information security investments. We regard timing in two dimensions, namely the time of announcement in relation to the time of investment and the time of announcement in relation to the time of a fundamental security incident. The financial value of information security investments is assessed by examining the relationship between the investment announcements and their stock market reaction focusing on the two time dimensions. Using an event study methodology, we found that both dimensions influence the stock market return of the investing organization. Our results indicate that (1) after fundamental security incidents in a given industry, the stock price will react more positively to a firm’s announcement of actual information security investments than to announcements of the intention to invest; (2) the stock price will react more positively to a firm’s announcements of the intention to invest after the fundamental security incident compared to before; and (3) the stock price will react more positively to a firm’s announcements of actual information security investments after the fundamental security incident compared to before. Overall, the lowest abnormal return can be expected when the intention to invest is announced before a fundamental information security incident and the highest return when actual investing after a fundamental information security incident in the respective industry.}},
  author       = {{Szubartowicz, Eva and Schryen, Guido}},
  journal      = {{Journal of Information System Security}},
  keywords     = {{Event Study, Information Security, Investment Announcements, Stock Price Reaction, Value of Information Security Investments}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{3 -- 31}},
  publisher    = {{Information Institute Publishing, Washington DC, USA}},
  title        = {{{Timing in Information Security: An Event Study on the Impact of Information Security Investment Announcements}}},
  volume       = {{16}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

@article{27117,
  abstract     = {{Through co-occurrence analysis of 1139 documents (1964-2018) we identified trends in the discussions about the implementation of student teaching evaluation (SET). We found that: (1) Attention to SET originated in the US in the 1970s, spreading to German-speaking countries in the mid-1990s and continuing in China and Latin America in the early 2000s. (2) SET is commonly viewed as a control tool deserving methodological improvement, while bias is debated in the US. We also found local trajectories: (3) Whereas in the US and Latin America SET is primarily seen as a management tool, German-speaking and Chinese authors reflect more on improving teaching. Chinese scholars consider SET a valid instrument for state control associated with artificial intelligence. Also, (4) SET is commonly used in medical education in the US and the German-speaking region and in physical education in China. We conclude that SET is discussed cross-nationally but affected by national path dependencies.}},
  author       = {{Pineda, Pedro and Steinhardt, Isabel}},
  issn         = {{1356-2517}},
  journal      = {{Teaching in Higher Education}},
  keywords     = {{academic discourse, bibliometric review, quality assurance, student evaluation of teaching, teaching evaluation}},
  pages        = {{1--21}},
  title        = {{{The Debate on student evaluations of teaching: global convergence confronts higher education traditions}}},
  doi          = {{10.1080/13562517.2020.1863351}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

@inproceedings{29298,
  abstract     = {{Die Themen „Big Data“, „Künstliche Intelligenz und „Data Science“ werden seit einiger Zeit nicht nur in der breiten Öffentlichkeit kontrovers diskutiert, sondern stellen für die Ausbildung in den IT- und IT-nahen Berufen schon heute neue Herausforderungen dar, die in Zukunft durch die gesellschaftliche und technologische Weiterentwicklung hin zu einer Datengesellschaft noch größer werden.
An dieser Stelle stellt sich die Frage, welche Aspekte dieses großen Themenkomplexes für Schule und Ausbildung von Wichtigkeit sind und wie diese Themen sinnstiftend und gewinnbringend in die informatische Ausbildung in verschiedenen Bildungsgängen integriert werden können. Im Rahmen des von uns im Jahr 2017 organisierten Symposiums zum Thema „Data Science“ wurden für die Bildung relevante Aspekte erörtert, wodurch als Kernelemente für den Unterricht Algorithmen der Künstlichen Intelligenz und ihre Anwendung in Industrie und Gesellschaft, Explorationen von Big Data sowie der Umgang mit eigenen Daten in sozialen Netzwerken herausgearbeitet wurden. Ziel ist, aus diesen Themenbereichen sowohl ein umfassendes Curriculum als auch Module für verschiedene Unterrichtsszenarien zu entwickeln und zu erproben. Durch diese Materialien soll es Lehrkräften aus der Informatik, Mathematik oder Technik ermöglicht werden, diese Themen auf Basis des Curriculums und der erprobten Unterrichtskonzepte selbst zu unterrichten.
Hierfür wurde im Rahmen des Projekts ProDaBi (Projekt Data Science und Big Data in der Schule, https://www.prodabi.de), initiiert von der Telekom Stiftung, ein experimenteller Projektkurs entwickelt, den wir mit Schüler:innen der Sekundarstufe II an der Universität Paderborn im Schuljahr 2018/19 durchführten. Dieser Kurs enthält neben einem Modul zur Exploration von Big Data und einem weiteren Modul zum Maschinellen Lernen als Teil der Künstlichen Intelligenz auch eine Projektphase, die es in Zusammenarbeit mit lokalen Unternehmen den Schüler:innen
ermöglicht, das Erlernte in ein reales Data Science-Projekt einzubringen. Aus den Erfahrungen dieses Projektkurses sowie den parallel durchgeführten Erprobungen einzelner Bausteine auch mit beruflichen Schulen werden ab dem Schuljahr 2019/20 die hierfür verwendeten Materialien weiterentwickelt und weiteren Kooperationspartnern zur Erprobung zur Verfügung gestellt. Damit wurden zum Ende des Projekts nicht nur vollständige Unterrichtsmaterialien, sondern auch ein umfassendes Curriculum entwickelt.}},
  author       = {{Opel, Simone Anna and Schlichtig, Michael}},
  booktitle    = {{Sammelband der 27. Fachtagung der BAG Berufliche Bildung}},
  editor       = {{Vollmer, Thomas and Karges, Torben and Richter, Tim and Schlömer, Britta and Schütt-Sayed, Sören}},
  keywords     = {{Berufsbildung, vocational education, Ausbildung, training, berufliche Weiterbildung, advanced vocational education, Digitalisierung, digitalization, Unterricht, teaching, Lehrmethode, teaching method, Interdisziplinarität, interdisciplinarity, Fachdidaktik, subject didactics, Curriculum, curriculum, gewerblich-technischer Beruf, vocational/technical occupation, Fachkraft, specialist, Qualifikationsanforderungen, qualification requirements, Kompetenz, competence, Lehrerbildung, teacher training, Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Federal Republic of Germany}},
  location     = {{Siegen}},
  pages        = {{176--194}},
  publisher    = {{wbv Media GmbH & Co. KG}},
  title        = {{{Data Science und Big Data in der beruflichen Bildung – Konzeption und Erprobung eines Projektkurses für die Sekundarstufe II}}},
  doi          = {{https://doi.org/10.3278/6004722w}},
  volume       = {{55}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

@article{32559,
  abstract     = {{This investigation concentrates on value similarity between parents and their children during adulthood. The interplay between gender, age, relationship quality, and frequency of contact on value similarity was analyzed. A total of 600 adult German children (53.8% women) and their parents took part in a questionnaire study. Value orientation was measured with a short version of Schwartz’s Portrait Values Questionnaire, and relationship quality with the Network of Relationships Inventory (Furman & Buhrmeister, 1992).Value similarity was higher in mother–daughter dyads compared to mother–son dyads, but in the other dyads, no significant differences were found. Regarding relationship quality, verbal intimacy was not related to value similarity. Parental satisfaction was associated with value similarity in the father–child dyads. Satisfaction, as perceived by adult children, was linked to value similarity in mother–child and father–son dyads. Furthermore, the frequency of contact related to value similarity between mothers and sons.}},
  author       = {{Hoellger, Christian and Sommer, Sabrina and Albert, Isabelle and Buhl, Heike M.}},
  issn         = {{0192-513X}},
  journal      = {{Journal of Family Issues}},
  keywords     = {{Adult child–parent dyads, value similarity, relationship quality, frequency of contact, parent-child-relationship}},
  number       = {{6}},
  pages        = {{1234--1257}},
  publisher    = {{SAGE Publications}},
  title        = {{{Intergenerational Value Similarity in Adulthood}}},
  doi          = {{10.1177/0192513x20943914}},
  volume       = {{42}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

@article{34828,
  author       = {{Hanusch, Maximilian}},
  issn         = {{0019-3577}},
  journal      = {{Indagationes Mathematicae}},
  keywords     = {{regularity of Lie groups}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{152--176}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier BV}},
  title        = {{{The regularity problem for Lie groups with asymptotic estimate Lie algebras}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.indag.2019.12.001}},
  volume       = {{31}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

@article{48524,
  author       = {{Hubner-Benz, Sylvia}},
  issn         = {{1742-5360}},
  journal      = {{International Journal of Entrepreneurial Venturing}},
  keywords     = {{Management of Technology and Innovation, Strategy and Management, Business and International Management}},
  number       = {{2}},
  publisher    = {{Inderscience Publishers}},
  title        = {{{When entrepreneurs become leaders: how entrepreneurs deal with people management}}},
  doi          = {{10.1504/ijev.2020.105571}},
  volume       = {{12}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

@article{48521,
  author       = {{Rudic, Biljana and Hubner-Benz, Sylvia and Baum, Matthias}},
  issn         = {{2352-6734}},
  journal      = {{Journal of Business Venturing Insights}},
  keywords     = {{Management of Technology and Innovation, Business and International Management}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier BV}},
  title        = {{{Hustlers, hipsters and hackers: Potential employees’ stereotypes of entrepreneurial leaders}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.jbvi.2020.e00220}},
  volume       = {{15}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

@article{48366,
  abstract     = {{The proportion of freshmen enrolled in dual study programmes has steadily increased in recent years. From the perspective of potential students, these programmes are highly attractive because they combine types of learning that used to be largely separate at an institutional level: vocational and academic learning. In training-integrated dual study programmes, different institutional contexts, governance regimes, teaching styles and learning environments make bridging these two worlds of learning a challenge for both educators and learners. However, these programmes also allow leeway for didactic innovation, through the cooperation of different types of educational institutions and through new ways of using available didactic methods, and for establishing a new relationship between higher education (HE) and vocational education and training (VET). This paper positions training-integrated dual study programmes as an object of design-based research (DBR). By developing and using an extended model for the pedagogic development of HEIs, “pädagogische Hochschulentwicklung” (Brahm, Jenert, & Euler, 2016a, p. 19; Euler, 2013, p. 360), the paper systematically identifies generic educational problems in these hybrids. Based on a literature review, this paper classifies and explains the design challenges at the level of the learning environment, the study programme and the organisation. The challenges revolve mainly around the cooperation and integration of HE and VET. The paper concludes with an outlook on future DBR projects designing dual studies.}},
  author       = {{Mordhorst, Lisa and Gössling, Bernd}},
  issn         = {{2511-0667}},
  journal      = {{EDeR. Educational Design Research}},
  keywords     = {{Dual study programmes, Design challenges, Pedagogic development of HEIs, Literature review, Study programme development, DBR cycle}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{Staats- und Universitatsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky}},
  title        = {{{Dual Study Programmes as a Design Challenge: Identifying Areas for Improvement as a Starting Point for Interventions}}},
  doi          = {{10.15460/eder.4.1.1482}},
  volume       = {{4}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

@inproceedings{48850,
  abstract     = {{Sequential model-based optimization (SMBO) approaches are algorithms for solving problems that require computationally or otherwise expensive function evaluations. The key design principle of SMBO is a substitution of the true objective function by a surrogate, which is used to propose the point(s) to be evaluated next. SMBO algorithms are intrinsically modular, leaving the user with many important design choices. Significant research efforts go into understanding which settings perform best for which type of problems. Most works, however, focus on the choice of the model, the acquisition function, and the strategy used to optimize the latter. The choice of the initial sampling strategy, however, receives much less attention. Not surprisingly, quite diverging recommendations can be found in the literature. We analyze in this work how the size and the distribution of the initial sample influences the overall quality of the efficient global optimization (EGO) algorithm, a well-known SMBO approach. While, overall, small initial budgets using Halton sampling seem preferable, we also observe that the performance landscape is rather unstructured. We furthermore identify several situations in which EGO performs unfavorably against random sampling. Both observations indicate that an adaptive SMBO design could be beneficial, making SMBO an interesting test-bed for automated algorithm design.}},
  author       = {{Bossek, Jakob and Doerr, Carola and Kerschke, Pascal}},
  booktitle    = {{Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference}},
  isbn         = {{978-1-4503-7128-5}},
  keywords     = {{continuous black-box optimization, design of experiments, initial design, sequential model-based optimization}},
  pages        = {{778–786}},
  publisher    = {{Association for Computing Machinery}},
  title        = {{{Initial Design Strategies and Their Effects on Sequential Model-Based Optimization: An Exploratory Case Study Based on BBOB}}},
  doi          = {{10.1145/3377930.3390155}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

@article{51001,
  author       = {{Wells, Aaron}},
  issn         = {{1369-8486}},
  journal      = {{Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences}},
  keywords     = {{History and Philosophy of Science, History, General Medicine}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier BV}},
  title        = {{{Kant, Linnaeus, and the economy of nature}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.shpsc.2020.101294}},
  volume       = {{83}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

@article{39817,
  abstract     = {{In the mentoring programme project “Schule für alle” (“School for all”) at the University of Bielefeld in North Rhine-Westphalia, university students of primary or special education support a child who is in a situation of crisis for more than one year. In addition, the university students receive ongoing, systematic university support (cf. Kottmann, 2007, p. 32; Kottmann, 2014, p. 380).</jats:p><jats:p>The accompanying research by “Schule für alle” focuses on the professionalization processes of student teachers during practical phases at universities; accordingly, control groups were included on a pro rata basis. In the pre-post design, all students completed a questionnaire (cf. Pieper, Kottmann &amp; Miller, 2018, p. 294), the evaluation of which shows few changes in the professional perception of competence. Students of the mentoring programme also regularly reflected on their practical experience. Based on the objective hermeneutics it was discovered that the conception of the project supports the process of perceiving, acknowledging and becoming more sensitive in regard to heterogeneous realities in life (cf. Pieper &amp; Kottmann 2019b, p. 312) and that students can consciously perceive and reflect their own normative expectations (cf. Pieper &amp; Kottmann 2019a, p. 79).</jats:p><jats:p>The article primarily presents the results of the pre-post survey in detail and adds insights into the qualitative evaluation processes. In the conclusion, the potential of the project and mentoring programmes in general, specifically for teacher training students, is described.}},
  author       = {{Kottmann, Brigitte and Pieper, Catania}},
  issn         = {{2064-2199}},
  journal      = {{Hungarian Educational Research Journal}},
  keywords     = {{professionalization of teacher training students, practical university phases, teacher training at universities, men-toring programmes}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{232--251}},
  title        = {{{Project “Schule für alle” as a mentoring programme in university teacher education: Professionalization processes of student teachers in different practical university phases}}},
  doi          = {{10.1556/063.2020.00022}},
  volume       = {{10}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

@article{41027,
  abstract     = {{<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Fluoride ion batteries (FIBs) are a recent alternative all-solid-state battery technology. However, the FIB systems proposed so far suffer from poor cycling performance. In this work, we report La<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>NiO<jats:sub>4.13</jats:sub> with a Ruddlesden-Popper type structure as an intercalation-based active cathode material in all solid-state FIB with excellent cycling performance. The critical charging conditions to maintain the conductivity of the cell were determined, which seems to be a major obstacle towards improving the cycling stability of FIBs. For optimized operating conditions, a cycle life of about 60 cycles and over 220 cycles for critical cut-off capacities of 50 mAh/g and 30 mAh/g, respectively, could be achieved, with average Coulombic efficiencies between 95 – 99%. Cycling of the cell is a result of fluorination/de-fluorination into and from the La<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>NiO<jats:sub>4+d</jats:sub> cathode, and it is revealed that La<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>NiO<jats:sub>4.13</jats:sub> is a multivalent electrode material. Our findings suggest that La<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>NiO<jats:sub>4.13</jats:sub> is a promising high energy cathode for FIBs.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Nowroozi, Mohammad Ali and Wissel, Kerstin and Donzelli, Manuel and Hosseinpourkahvaz, Niloofar and Plana-Ruiz, Sergi and Kolb, Ute and Schoch, Roland and Bauer, Matthias and Malik, Ali Muhammad and Rohrer, Jochen and Ivlev, Sergei and Kraus, Florian and Clemens, Oliver}},
  issn         = {{2662-4443}},
  journal      = {{Communications Materials}},
  keywords     = {{Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
  title        = {{{High cycle life all-solid-state fluoride ion battery with La<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>NiO<jats:sub>4+d</jats:sub> high voltage cathode}}},
  doi          = {{10.1038/s43246-020-0030-5}},
  volume       = {{1}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

@article{43160,
  abstract     = {{Refill friction stir spot welding (RFSSW) is a highly flexible and promising solid-state joining method for aluminium alloys. Alternatively, resistance spot welding (RSW) can be stated as an appropriate joining method which can be automated and used within a high-volume production due to short process times. Both processes do not need any additional elements and a flat surface on both sides of the joints can be realised. In order to meet the modern requirements for crash safety and structural stiffness, thermal and mechanical joining methods are mainly combined by using single-component epoxy resin adhesives. Due to an insufficient knowledge about the application of both thermal joining methods for the abovementioned material combinations combined with additional adhesives, deeper investigations were done regarding the interactions of the polymers and the joining processes. Starting with a brief presentation of the boundary conditions of the investigations and the refill friction stir spot welding and resistance spot welding of high-strength aluminium alloys with sheet thicknesses bigger than 5.8 mm, the paper introduces the process-related joint properties of friction-based and resistance-based welded joints. Afterwards, the paper discusses the influences of the process parameter on the metallographic joint formation and load-bearing capacities for a selected two-sheet and four-sheet material combination. When combining the spot welding technologies with adhesives, the process parameters of the RFSSW process have to be adapted for the two-sheet combination by adding a squeeze-out step, while for RSW, just the preholding time has to be increased. Different challenges for both joining methods are shown. For RFSSW, the gap formation has to be considered when welding big total sheet thicknesses, while for RSW, the shape of the weld nugget is more important for an appropriate joint performance. Additionally, process optimisations for less adhesive incineration will be discussed for both joining processes, and the influences of the adhesive on the joint formation will be addressed with the help of load-bearing capacity evaluations. The paper closes with specific recommendations for the realisation of refill friction stir and resistance spot-welded joints with and without adhesive in the field of Al joints with big total sheet thicknesses which meet the quality demands and an outlook for further research steps will be given.}},
  author       = {{Schmal, Christopher and Meschut, Gerson}},
  issn         = {{0043-2288}},
  journal      = {{Welding in the World}},
  keywords     = {{Metals and Alloys, Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials}},
  number       = {{9}},
  pages        = {{1471--1480}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
  title        = {{{Refill friction stir spot and resistance spot welding of aluminium joints with large total sheet thicknesses (III-1965-19)}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s40194-020-00922-2}},
  volume       = {{64}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

@article{43162,
  abstract     = {{Monitoring systems for machines, plants, materials and equipment are increasingly used in production processes. These online condition monitoring systems can detect damage or excessive loads at an early stage and can drastically reduce or prevent long downtimes of plants and machines as well as high repair and maintenance costs. This paper depicts a method for online crack detection with pattern recognition methods for specimens joined by self-pierce riveting under cyclic load in fatigue tests (laboratory application). A software specially conceived for this application was developed. This software, AnrissMF, uses active acoustic testing with a structure-borne sensor to detect cracks in the joints at a very early stage. It is shown in this paper that this software can detect cracks much earlier than classical failure criteria for joints (i. e. before any drop in stiffness or frequency is observed). Furthermore, the successful application of software AnrissMF for online crack detection during the fatigue strength test is presented.}},
  author       = {{Gollnick, Maik and Giese, Patrick and Hein, David and Meschut, Gerson and Herfert, Daniel}},
  issn         = {{2195-8572}},
  journal      = {{Materials Testing}},
  keywords     = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}},
  number       = {{9}},
  pages        = {{877--882}},
  publisher    = {{Walter de Gruyter GmbH}},
  title        = {{{Early stage crack detection in mechanically joined steel/aluminum joints by condition monitoring}}},
  doi          = {{10.3139/120.111558}},
  volume       = {{62}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}

@article{43161,
  author       = {{Schmal, Christopher and Meschut, Gerson}},
  issn         = {{0043-2288}},
  journal      = {{Welding in the World}},
  keywords     = {{Metals and Alloys, Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{437--448}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
  title        = {{{Process characteristics and influences of production-related disturbances in resistance element welding of hybrid materials with steel cover sheets and polymer core}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s40194-019-00842-w}},
  volume       = {{64}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}