@inproceedings{11753,
  abstract     = {{This contribution describes a step-wise source counting algorithm to determine the number of speakers in an offline scenario. Each speaker is identified by a variational expectation maximization (VEM) algorithm for complex Watson mixture models and therefore directly yields beamforming vectors for a subsequent speech separation process. An observation selection criterion is proposed which improves the robustness of the source counting in noise. The algorithm is compared to an alternative VEM approach with Gaussian mixture models based on directions of arrival and shown to deliver improved source counting accuracy. The article concludes by extending the offline algorithm towards a low-latency online estimation of the number of active sources from the streaming input data.}},
  author       = {{Drude, Lukas and Chinaev, Aleksej and Tran Vu, Dang Hai and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}},
  booktitle    = {{14th International Workshop on Acoustic Signal Enhancement (IWAENC 2014)}},
  keywords     = {{Accuracy, Acoustics, Estimation, Mathematical model, Soruce separation, Speech, Vectors, Bayes methods, Blind source separation, Directional statistics, Number of speakers, Speaker diarization}},
  pages        = {{213--217}},
  title        = {{{Towards Online Source Counting in Speech Mixtures Applying a Variational EM for Complex Watson Mixture Models}}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@article{41224,
  author       = {{Keceli, E. and Hemgesberg, M. and Grünker, R. and Bon, V. and Wilhelm, C. and Philippi, T. and Schoch, Roland and Sun, Y. and Bauer, Matthias and Ernst, S. and Kaskel, S. and Thiel, Werner R.}},
  issn         = {{1387-1811}},
  journal      = {{Microporous and Mesoporous Materials}},
  keywords     = {{Mechanics of Materials, Condensed Matter Physics, General Materials Science, General Chemistry}},
  pages        = {{115--125}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier BV}},
  title        = {{{A series of amide functionalized isoreticular metal organic frameworks}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.micromeso.2014.03.022}},
  volume       = {{194}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@article{8171,
  abstract     = {{The polynomial hierarchy plays a central role in classical complexity theory. Here, we define
a quantum generalization of the polynomial hierarchy, and initiate its study. We show that
not only are there natural complete problems for the second level of this quantum hierarchy, but that these problems are in fact hard to approximate. Using the same techniques, we
also obtain hardness of approximation for the class QCMA. Our approach is based on the
use of dispersers, and is inspired by the classical results of Umans regarding hardness of approximation for the second level of the classical polynomial hierarchy [Umans, FOCS 1999].
The problems for which we prove hardness of approximation for include, among others, a
quantum version of the Succinct Set Cover problem, and a variant of the local Hamiltonian
problem with hybrid classical-quantum ground states.}},
  author       = {{Gharibian, Sevag and Kempe, Julia}},
  journal      = {{Quantum Information & Computation}},
  keywords     = {{Hardness of approximation, polynomial time hierarchy, succinct set cover, quantum complexity}},
  number       = {{5-6}},
  pages        = {{517--540}},
  title        = {{{Hardness of approximation for quantum problems}}},
  volume       = {{14}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@article{43425,
  author       = {{Meschut, Gerson and Süllentrop, Sebastian}},
  issn         = {{0043-2288}},
  journal      = {{Welding in the World}},
  keywords     = {{Metals and Alloys, Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{755--762}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
  title        = {{{The use of radiation-cured adhesives on adhesive stud assembly process}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s40194-014-0176-1}},
  volume       = {{58}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@article{43432,
  author       = {{Meschut, G. and Janzen, V. and Olfermann, T.}},
  issn         = {{1059-9495}},
  journal      = {{Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance}},
  keywords     = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{1515--1523}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
  title        = {{{Innovative and Highly Productive Joining Technologies for Multi-Material Lightweight Car Body Structures}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s11665-014-0962-3}},
  volume       = {{23}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@article{43153,
  abstract     = {{Facing a decreasing amount of resources on the one hand and an increasing demand for comfort on the other, more and more attention is being paid to sustainability and care for the environment. Particularly in the automotive sector, lightweight design principles continue to prosper rapidly. As a result, adjusted materials for different applications were developed. Due to the formation of intermetallic phases, most multi-material mixes cannot be welded and require adapted joining technologies. Mechanical joining technologies such as self-piercing riveting and mechanical clinching have proven effective methods of joining lightweight materials like aluminium and ductile steels. New high-strength steels are increasingly used in crash-sections, where limited deformation under impact load is required. These hot stamped steels have a very low elongation at break and therefore a low formability. Currently there is no joining by forming technology without pre-punching available using these grades of steels on die-side. The newly developed shear-clinching process is one possible method of joining this kind of material without additional elements. The fundamental idea of shear-clinching is a single-stage process in which pre-punching of the die-side material is performed by indirect shear-cutting and subsequent forming of the upper layer into this hole. This would immensely enlarge the application segment of mechanical clinching even if hot stamped steels are positioned on die-side. Fundamental studies are required to ensure process reliability and it is necessary to break down the joining process into fragments, like pre-punching and clinching with pre-punched sheet, and superpose them to form the combined procedure shear-clinching. This paper presents a detailed investigation of the sub-process clinching with pre-hole.}},
  author       = {{Merklein, Marion and Meschut, Gerson and Müller, Martin and Hörhold, Réjane}},
  issn         = {{1662-9795}},
  journal      = {{Key Engineering Materials}},
  keywords     = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science}},
  pages        = {{1413--1420}},
  publisher    = {{Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.}},
  title        = {{{Basic Investigations of Non-Pre-Punched Joining by Forming of Aluminium Alloy and High Strength Steel with Shear-Clinching Technology}}},
  doi          = {{10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.611-612.1413}},
  volume       = {{611-612}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@inproceedings{4478,
  abstract     = {{The purpose of the research was to develop and validate an instrument for the assessment of attitudes towards the study environment in higher education contexts. The questionnaire is designed to measure students' attitudes towards two particular objects: the university (or Higher Education Institution) and the process of studying. Five studies at two different universities were conducted to develop and validate the Attitudes towards the Study Environment Questionnaire (ASEQ). In total, 1640 students filled in the questionnaire. Reliability tests and exploratory factor analysis as well as confirmatory factor analysis showed satisfactory psychometric characteristics of the ASEQ. Each part of the questionnaire is internally consistent and construct validity of the scales is supported by correlations with other constructs as assumed by current theories: Positive attitudinal constructs (normative behavior, autonomy, joy, self-efficacy, and task value) are positively related to intrinsic motivation and the expected study performance while anxiety is negatively related to these constructs. 
Since attitudes towards the study situation are connected to student engagement and motivation, the study contributes to the theory of student learning by providing a validated instrument to assess attitudes. Thus, the ASEQ can support further research on student performance and development by providing an instrument for the hitherto neglected but nonetheless extremely relevant domain of attitudes. Also, the questionnaire can be used as a diagnostic instrument for higher education faculty and administration to trace students' attitudinal development over time - a factor of prime importance for student socialization during the introductory phase of studying.}},
  author       = {{Brahm, Taiga and Jenert, Tobias and Euler, Dieter}},
  keywords     = {{attitudes, teaching and learning, studying, higher education institution, theory of planned behavior, instrument development}},
  location     = {{München }},
  publisher    = {{EARLI European Association for Research on Learning and Instruction}},
  title        = {{{On the assessment of attitudes towards the study process and the university: Attitudes towards the Study Environment Questionnaire (ASEQ)}}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}

@inproceedings{4481,
  abstract     = {{Die vorliegende Untersuchung an der Universität St. Gallen soll Erkenntnisse über die Verläufe der Einstellungsveränderungen der Studierenden geben (vgl. Brahm & Jenert, 2012). Basierend auf der Theorie des geplanten Verhaltens (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980) werden drei Forschungsfragen adressiert: (1) Gibt es typische Pfade der Einstellungsentwicklung? (2) Wie wird das normative Verhalten von Mitstudierenden und anderen Personen wahrgenommen? (3) Welche Erfahrungen beeinflussen die Entwicklung? Zur Beantwortung dieser Fragen wurde über das erste Studienjahr hinweg eine Interviewserie mit 13 Studierenden durchgeführt. Die Datenanalyse mithilfe grafischer Case Histories zeigt, dass die Einstellungen der Probanden über die Zeit differenzierter werden. Zudem gibt es Widersprüche zwischen den Einstellungen und dem wahrgenommenen normativen Verhalten. Dabei ist die Einstellungsentwicklung von konkreten Ereignissen geprägt und kann damit durch strukturelle Interventionen beeinflusst werden.}},
  author       = {{Jenert, Tobias and Brahm, Taiga}},
  keywords     = {{student attitudes, theory of planned behaviour, Einstellungsentwicklung, student motivation}},
  location     = {{Hildesheim}},
  publisher    = {{Institut für Psychologie}},
  title        = {{{Die Entwicklung studien-und hochschulbezogener Einstellungen an einer Wirtschaftsuniversität: eine qualitative Längsschnittstudie}}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}

@article{9805,
  abstract     = {{Piezoelectric inertia motors, also known as ``stick--slip drives'', use the inertia of a body to drive it in small steps by means of a friction contact. While these steps are classically assumed to involve stiction and sliding, the motors can also operate in ``slip--slip'' mode without any phase of static friction. This contribution provides a systematic investigation and performance comparison of different stick--slip and slip--slip modes of operation. Different criteria for comparing the motional performance of inertia motors are defined: Steady state velocity, smoothness of motion, and start-up time. Using the example of a translational inertia motor excited by an ideal displacement signal, it is found that the maximum velocity reachable in stick--slip operation is limited principally, while continuous slip--slip operation allows very high velocities. For the investigated driving signals, the motor velocity is proportional to the square root of the actuator stroke. The motor performance with these ideal signals defines an upper boundary for the performance of real motors.}},
  author       = {{Hunstig, Matthias and Hemsel, Tobias and Sextro, Walter}},
  journal      = {{Sensors and Actuators A: Physical}},
  keywords     = {{Inertia motor, Stick--slip drive, Mode of operation, Performance indicator, Velocity maximization, Actuator stroke}},
  pages        = {{90 -- 100}},
  title        = {{{Stick-slip and slip-slip operation of piezoelectric inertia drives - Part I: Ideal Excitation.}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.sna.2012.11.012}},
  volume       = {{200}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}

@inproceedings{11716,
  abstract     = {{The accuracy of automatic speech recognition systems in noisy and reverberant environments can be improved notably by exploiting the uncertainty of the estimated speech features using so-called uncertainty-of-observation techniques. In this paper, we introduce a new Bayesian decision rule that can serve as a mathematical framework from which both known and new uncertainty-of-observation techniques can be either derived or approximated. The new decision rule in its direct form leads to the new significance decoding approach for Gaussian mixture models, which results in better performance compared to standard uncertainty-of-observation techniques in different additive and convolutive noise scenarios.}},
  author       = {{Abdelaziz, Ahmed H. and Zeiler, Steffen and Kolossa, Dorothea and Leutnant, Volker and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}},
  booktitle    = {{Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), 2013 IEEE International Conference on}},
  issn         = {{1520-6149}},
  keywords     = {{Bayes methods, Gaussian processes, convolution, decision theory, decoding, noise, reverberation, speech coding, speech recognition, Bayesian decision rule, GMM, Gaussian mixture models, additive noise scenarios, automatic speech recognition systems, convolutive noise scenarios, decoding approach, mathematical framework, reverberant environments, significance decoding, speech feature estimation, uncertainty-of-observation techniques, Hidden Markov models, Maximum likelihood decoding, Noise, Speech, Speech recognition, Uncertainty, Uncertainty-of-observation, modified imputation, noise robust speech recognition, significance decoding, uncertainty decoding}},
  pages        = {{6827--6831}},
  title        = {{{GMM-based significance decoding}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/ICASSP.2013.6638984}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}

@inproceedings{11917,
  abstract     = {{In this paper we present a speech presence probability (SPP) estimation algorithmwhich exploits both temporal and spectral correlations of speech. To this end, the SPP estimation is formulated as the posterior probability estimation of the states of a two-dimensional (2D) Hidden Markov Model (HMM). We derive an iterative algorithm to decode the 2D-HMM which is based on the turbo principle. The experimental results show that indeed the SPP estimates improve from iteration to iteration, and further clearly outperform another state-of-the-art SPP estimation algorithm.}},
  author       = {{Vu, Dang Hai Tran and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}},
  booktitle    = {{38th International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP 2013)}},
  issn         = {{1520-6149}},
  keywords     = {{correlation methods, estimation theory, hidden Markov models, iterative methods, probability, spectral analysis, speech processing, 2D HMM, SPP estimates, iterative algorithm, posterior probability estimation, spectral correlation, speech presence probability estimation, state-of-the-art SPP estimation algorithm, temporal correlation, turbo principle, two-dimensional hidden Markov model, Correlation, Decoding, Estimation, Iterative decoding, Noise, Speech, Vectors}},
  pages        = {{863--867}},
  title        = {{{Using the turbo principle for exploiting temporal and spectral correlations in speech presence probability estimation}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/ICASSP.2013.6637771}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}

@article{4398,
  abstract     = {{Employing a Hausman–Taylor instrument variable (HT–IV) estimator to data from 558 microfinance institutions (MFIs) in 80 developing countries for the period from 2002 to 2007, this paper provides empirical evidence for a positive impact of a country's external governance quality and outcome on local microbanks' economic success in terms of profitability and sustainability. Evidence as well suggests a negative relationship between external governance and the microbanks' social success measured by the depth of outreach. In this context, our analysis reveals that a country's political stability, governance effectiveness, regulatory quality and rule of law are significant key elements of external governance affecting the MFIs' functional performance. Moreover, results from sensitivity analyses indicate that the relationship between external governance quality and microfinance functional performance significantly depends on the microbanks' business concepts, their lending methodologies and sources of funding.}},
  author       = {{Uhde, André and Müller, Oliver}},
  issn         = {{1752-0487}},
  journal      = {{ International Journal of Monetary Economics and Finance }},
  keywords     = {{microfinance, external governance, economic success, social success, developing countries, profitability, sustainability, microbanks, outreach, political stability, governance effectiveness, regulatory quality, rule of law, governance quality, lending methodologies, funding sources}},
  number       = {{2/3}},
  pages        = {{116--149}},
  title        = {{{External governance outcome and microfinance success}}},
  doi          = {{https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMEF.2013.056394}},
  volume       = {{6}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}

@inproceedings{37109,
  abstract     = {{This study examines the effect of audit on private firms’ cost of debt. We use a sample of 1,949 small private firms operating in the period 2006-2010 with optional financial statement audit. High quality data allows us to construct a more precise interest rate measure than existing studies employ. After controlling for obvious sources of demand for voluntary audits (ownership complexity, subsidiary status, bank relations), we find a robust central result that voluntary audits increase rather than decrease the cost of debt financing, contrary to several existing studies. This finding indicates that voluntary audits are generally treated as “adopting a label” and penalised by creditors, regardless of the perceived auditor quality as a result of the lemon problem in the audit market. Even Big-4 audits increase the cost of debt, likely as a result due to the lemon problem in the audit market, although the increase is smaller than for non-Big-4 audits. The results are sensitive to the estimation method used (OLS, Heckman’s two-step, PSM) and (sub-)sample selection. We show that disregarding the underlying assumptions of these estimation methods may lead to incorrect inferences. Additional analyses show that audited firms’ reported earnings are less informative about future operating performance than earnings of their unaudited counterparts. Our results also indicate that results are sensitive to cost of debt definition and this might have affected the results reported in the existing literature.}},
  author       = {{Kosi, Urska and Koren, Jerney and Valentincic, Aljosa}},
  keywords     = {{private firms, voluntary audit, cost of debt, self-selection bias, lemon problem}},
  location     = {{Paris, France}},
  title        = {{{Does Financial Statement Audit Reduce the Cost of Debt of Private Firms?}}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}

@article{17204,
  abstract     = {{In a longitudinal naturalistic study, we observed German mothers interacting with their infants when they were 3 and 6 months old. Pursuing the idea that infants’ attention is socialized in everyday interactions, we explored whether eye contact is reinforced selectively by behavioral modification in the input provided to infants. Applying a microanalytical approach focusing on the sequential organization of interaction, we explored how the mother draws the infant’s attention to herself and how she tries to maintain attention when the infant is looking at her. Results showed that eye contact is reinforced by specific infant-directed practices: interrogatives and conversational openings, multimodal stimulation, repetition, and imitation. In addition, these practices are contingent on the infant’s own behavior. By comparing the two data points (3 and 6 months), we showed how the education of attention evolves hand-in-hand with the developing capacities of the infant.}},
  author       = {{Nomikou, Iris and Rohlfing, Katharina and Szufnarowska, Joanna}},
  issn         = {{1572-0381}},
  journal      = {{Interaction Studies}},
  keywords     = {{interactional adaptation, multimodal input, social learning, ecology of attention, eye contact}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{240--267}},
  publisher    = {{John Benjamins Publishing Company}},
  title        = {{{Educating attention: recruiting, maintaining, and framing eye contact in early natural mother-infant interactions}}},
  doi          = {{10.1075/is.14.2.05nom}},
  volume       = {{14}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}

@article{43426,
  author       = {{Meschut, G. and Hahn, O. and Janzen, V. and Olfermann, T.}},
  issn         = {{0043-2288}},
  journal      = {{Welding in the World}},
  keywords     = {{Metals and Alloys, Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{65--75}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
  title        = {{{Innovative joining technologies for multi-material structures}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s40194-013-0098-3}},
  volume       = {{58}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}

@article{46510,
  author       = {{Hoyer, Kay-Peter and Angrisani, Gian Luigi and Klose, Christian and Bach, Friedrich-Wilhelm and Hassel, Thomas}},
  issn         = {{0933-5137}},
  journal      = {{Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik}},
  keywords     = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, Condensed Matter Physics, General Materials Science}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{84--93}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley}},
  title        = {{{Korrosionsverhalten binärer Magnesium-Zink-Legierungen in salzhaltigen Medien}}},
  doi          = {{10.1002/mawe.201300019}},
  volume       = {{44}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}

@article{20863,
  abstract     = {{This article examines and extends research on the relation between the capital asset pricing model market beta, accounting risk measures and macroeconomic risk factors. We employ a beta decomposition approach that nests competing models with different business risk proxies and allows to frame cross-model comparison. Because model tests require estimated independent variables resulting in measurement error, we empirically estimate three comparable model specifications with instrumental variable estimators and for the first time provide thorough instrument diagnostics in this setting. Correcting for the heretofore neglected weak instruments problem we find that growth risk (i.e., the risk of firm sales variations that are inconsistent with the market wide trends), is the business risk that explains cross-sectional variations in market beta best.}},
  author       = {{Schlueter, Tobias and Sievers, Sönke}},
  issn         = {{0924-865X}},
  journal      = {{Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting (VHB-JOURQUAL 4 Ranking B)}},
  keywords     = {{CAPM, Cost of capital, Accounting beta, Intrinsic business risk, Growth risk, Instrumental variables}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{535--570}},
  title        = {{{Determinants of market beta: the impacts of firm-specific accounting figures and market conditions}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s11156-013-0352-1}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}

@article{5108,
  abstract     = {{This study integrates the government in the context of company valuation. Our framework allows to analyze and to quantify the risk-sharing effects and conflicts of interest between the government and the shareholders when firms follow different financial policies. We provide novel evidence that firms with fixed future levels of debt might invest more than socially desirable. Economically, this happens if the gain in tax-shields is big enough to outweigh the loss in the unlevered firm value. Our findings have implications for the practice of investment subsidy programs provided by the government to avoid fostering investments beyond the socially optimal level. }},
  author       = {{Kreutzmann, Daniel and Sievers, Sönke and Mueller, Christian}},
  journal      = {{Applied Financial Economics (VHB-JOURQUAL 4 Ranking C)}},
  keywords     = {{corporate tax claim, company valuation, optimal investment, cost of capital}},
  number       = {{11}},
  pages        = {{977--989}},
  publisher    = {{Taylor \& Francis}},
  title        = {{{Investment distortions and the value of the government's tax claim}}},
  doi          = {{10.1080/09603107.2013.786161}},
  volume       = {{23}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}

@article{39520,
  author       = {{Brockmeier, A and Rodriguez, F J Santos and Harrison, M and Hilleringmann, Ulrich}},
  issn         = {{0960-1317}},
  journal      = {{Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering}},
  keywords     = {{Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials}},
  number       = {{12}},
  publisher    = {{IOP Publishing}},
  title        = {{{Surface tension and its role for vertical wet etching of silicon}}},
  doi          = {{10.1088/0960-1317/22/12/125012}},
  volume       = {{22}},
  year         = {{2012}},
}

@article{39522,
  author       = {{Brockmeier, A and Rodriguez, F J Santos and Harrison, M and Hilleringmann, Ulrich}},
  issn         = {{0960-1317}},
  journal      = {{Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering}},
  keywords     = {{Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials}},
  number       = {{12}},
  publisher    = {{IOP Publishing}},
  title        = {{{Surface tension and its role for vertical wet etching of silicon}}},
  doi          = {{10.1088/0960-1317/22/12/125012}},
  volume       = {{22}},
  year         = {{2012}},
}