---
_id: '63830'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: " This study investigates the effect of dispersion gas (DG) flow on the formation
    and properties of maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles using standardized SpraySyn
    burners (SS1 and SS2). Several diagnostics were employed to characterize the spray
    and nanoparticles. \r\nIncreasing DG flow (6 - 12 slm) results in smaller droplet
    sizes (DS), cooler flame temperatures, shorter high-temperature droplet/particle
    residence times, and smaller agglomerates in the size range of 5 - 12 nm with
    narrower primary particle size distribution, corresponding to higher mass fractal
    dimensions, as supported by TEM and SMPS analysis, resulting in more compact agglomerates.
    BET and TEM confirmed decreasing primary particle sizes with increasing DG flow.
    Raman and XRD analyses predominantly identified maghemite, which shows a bimodal
    distribution of crystallite sizes, while SS1 samples have a greater proportion
    of larger crystallites.\r\nThe self-preserving size distributions of agglomerates
    with a geometric standard deviation of 1.5 are reached faster with increasing
    DG flow. The barrier effect of DG observed in SS1 leads to slower droplet combustion
    kinetics, higher temperatures, and delayed precursor release, which, along with
    downstream flow recirculation, result in significantly higher agglomeration rates
    outside the visible flame. SS2 demonstrates improved atomization, more stable
    flames, and finer, uniform nanoparticles with less carbonaceous residues (CR).
    Conversely, SS1 showed broader DS distributions and higher CR levels on the γ-Fe2O3
    surface, especially at higher DG flow.\r\nThis work highlights the essential role
    of DG flow and nozzle geometry in controlling droplet evaporation, flame stability,
    and nanoparticle growth, offering insights for optimizing SFS and validating numerical
    models.\r\n"
article_number: '121992'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Orlando
  full_name: Massopo, Orlando
  last_name: Massopo
- first_name: Ricardo
  full_name: Tischendorf, Ricardo
  last_name: Tischendorf
- first_name: Munko
  full_name: Gonchikzhapov, Munko
  last_name: Gonchikzhapov
- first_name: Tina
  full_name: Kasper, Tina
  last_name: Kasper
- first_name: Peter
  full_name: Augustin, Peter
  last_name: Augustin
- first_name: Burak
  full_name: Özer, Burak
  last_name: Özer
- first_name: Manuel
  full_name: Reddemann, Manuel
  last_name: Reddemann
- first_name: Reinhold
  full_name: Kneer, Reinhold
  last_name: Kneer
- first_name: Mohammed-Ali
  full_name: Sheikh, Mohammed-Ali
  last_name: Sheikh
- first_name: Aydan Akyildiz
  full_name: Mert, Aydan Akyildiz
  last_name: Mert
- first_name: Hartmut
  full_name: Wiggers, Hartmut
  last_name: Wiggers
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  last_name: Schmid
citation:
  ama: Massopo O, Tischendorf R, Gonchikzhapov M, et al. Influence of dispersion gas
    flow on the spray characteristics and γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles formation and properties
    in reference SpraySyn burners. <i>Powder Technology</i>. 2025;470. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992">10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992</a>
  apa: Massopo, O., Tischendorf, R., Gonchikzhapov, M., Kasper, T., Augustin, P.,
    Özer, B., Reddemann, M., Kneer, R., Sheikh, M.-A., Mert, A. A., Wiggers, H., &#38;
    Schmid, H.-J. (2025). Influence of dispersion gas flow on the spray characteristics
    and γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles formation and properties in reference SpraySyn burners.
    <i>Powder Technology</i>, <i>470</i>, Article 121992. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Massopo_Tischendorf_Gonchikzhapov_Kasper_Augustin_Özer_Reddemann_Kneer_Sheikh_Mert_et
    al._2025, title={Influence of dispersion gas flow on the spray characteristics
    and γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles formation and properties in reference SpraySyn burners},
    volume={470}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992">10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992</a>},
    number={121992}, journal={Powder Technology}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Massopo,
    Orlando and Tischendorf, Ricardo and Gonchikzhapov, Munko and Kasper, Tina and
    Augustin, Peter and Özer, Burak and Reddemann, Manuel and Kneer, Reinhold and
    Sheikh, Mohammed-Ali and Mert, Aydan Akyildiz and et al.}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: Massopo, Orlando, Ricardo Tischendorf, Munko Gonchikzhapov, Tina Kasper,
    Peter Augustin, Burak Özer, Manuel Reddemann, et al. “Influence of Dispersion
    Gas Flow on the Spray Characteristics and γ-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles Formation and
    Properties in Reference SpraySyn Burners.” <i>Powder Technology</i> 470 (2025).
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992</a>.
  ieee: 'O. Massopo <i>et al.</i>, “Influence of dispersion gas flow on the spray
    characteristics and γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles formation and properties in reference
    SpraySyn burners,” <i>Powder Technology</i>, vol. 470, Art. no. 121992, 2025,
    doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992">10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992</a>.'
  mla: Massopo, Orlando, et al. “Influence of Dispersion Gas Flow on the Spray Characteristics
    and γ-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles Formation and Properties in Reference SpraySyn Burners.”
    <i>Powder Technology</i>, vol. 470, 121992, Elsevier BV, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992">10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992</a>.
  short: O. Massopo, R. Tischendorf, M. Gonchikzhapov, T. Kasper, P. Augustin, B.
    Özer, M. Reddemann, R. Kneer, M.-A. Sheikh, A.A. Mert, H. Wiggers, H.-J. Schmid,
    Powder Technology 470 (2025).
date_created: 2026-02-02T11:41:04Z
date_updated: 2026-02-25T07:45:44Z
doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121992
intvolume: '       470'
keyword:
- Spray flame synthesis
- iron oxide nanoparticle
- SpraySyn burner
- Dispersion gas
- Coaxial atomization
- HiaT-SMPS
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
oa: '1'
publication: Powder Technology
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0032-5910
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
status: public
title: Influence of dispersion gas flow on the spray characteristics and γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles
  formation and properties in reference SpraySyn burners
type: journal_article
user_id: '98419'
volume: 470
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '14852'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: In a variety of industrial applications, liquids are atomized to produce aerosols
    for further processing. Example applications are the coating of surfaces with
    paints, the application of ultra-thin adhesive layers and the atomization of fuels
    for the production of combustible dispersions. In this publication different atomizing
    principles (standing-wave, capillary-wave, vibrating-mesh) are examined and discussed.
    Using an optimized standing-wave system, tough liquids with viscosities of up
    to about 100 Pas could be successfully atomized.
author:
- first_name: Paul
  full_name: Dunst, Paul
  id: '22130'
  last_name: Dunst
- first_name: Peter
  full_name: Bornmann, Peter
  last_name: Bornmann
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Hemsel, Tobias
  id: '210'
  last_name: Hemsel
- first_name: 'Walter '
  full_name: 'Littmann, Walter '
  last_name: Littmann
- first_name: Walter
  full_name: Sextro, Walter
  id: '21220'
  last_name: Sextro
citation:
  ama: 'Dunst P, Bornmann P, Hemsel T, Littmann W, Sextro W. Atomization of Fluids
    with Ultrasound. In: Lötters J, Urban G, eds. <i>Conference Proceedings - The
    4th Conference on MicroFluidic Handling Systems (MFHS2019)</i>. Enschede, The
    Netherlands; 2019:140-143.'
  apa: Dunst, P., Bornmann, P., Hemsel, T., Littmann, W., &#38; Sextro, W. (2019).
    Atomization of Fluids with Ultrasound. In J. Lötters &#38; G. Urban (Eds.), <i>Conference
    Proceedings - The 4th Conference on MicroFluidic Handling Systems (MFHS2019)</i>
    (pp. 140–143). Enschede, The Netherlands.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Dunst_Bornmann_Hemsel_Littmann_Sextro_2019, place={Enschede,
    The Netherlands}, title={Atomization of Fluids with Ultrasound}, booktitle={Conference
    Proceedings - The 4th Conference on MicroFluidic Handling Systems (MFHS2019)},
    author={Dunst, Paul and Bornmann, Peter and Hemsel, Tobias and Littmann, Walter  and
    Sextro, Walter}, editor={Lötters, Joost and Urban, GeraldEditors}, year={2019},
    pages={140–143} }'
  chicago: Dunst, Paul, Peter Bornmann, Tobias Hemsel, Walter  Littmann, and Walter
    Sextro. “Atomization of Fluids with Ultrasound.” In <i>Conference Proceedings
    - The 4th Conference on MicroFluidic Handling Systems (MFHS2019)</i>, edited by
    Joost Lötters and Gerald Urban, 140–43. Enschede, The Netherlands, 2019.
  ieee: P. Dunst, P. Bornmann, T. Hemsel, W. Littmann, and W. Sextro, “Atomization
    of Fluids with Ultrasound,” in <i>Conference Proceedings - The 4th Conference
    on MicroFluidic Handling Systems (MFHS2019)</i>, Enschede, The Netherlands, 2019,
    pp. 140–143.
  mla: Dunst, Paul, et al. “Atomization of Fluids with Ultrasound.” <i>Conference
    Proceedings - The 4th Conference on MicroFluidic Handling Systems (MFHS2019)</i>,
    edited by Joost Lötters and Gerald Urban, 2019, pp. 140–43.
  short: 'P. Dunst, P. Bornmann, T. Hemsel, W. Littmann, W. Sextro, in: J. Lötters,
    G. Urban (Eds.), Conference Proceedings - The 4th Conference on MicroFluidic Handling
    Systems (MFHS2019), Enschede, The Netherlands, 2019, pp. 140–143.'
conference:
  end_date: 2019-10-04
  location: Enschede, The Netherlands
  name: 4th Conference on MicroFluidic Handling Systems
  start_date: 2019-10-02
date_created: 2019-11-07T15:25:30Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:52:08Z
ddc:
- '620'
department:
- _id: '151'
editor:
- first_name: Joost
  full_name: Lötters, Joost
  last_name: Lötters
- first_name: Gerald
  full_name: Urban, Gerald
  last_name: Urban
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: pdunst
  date_created: 2019-11-07T15:22:56Z
  date_updated: 2019-11-07T15:22:56Z
  file_id: '14853'
  file_name: Dunst_MFHS_2019.pdf
  file_size: 3850591
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2019-11-07T15:22:56Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- atomization
- ultrasound
- standing-wave
- capillarywave
- vibrating-mesh
language:
- iso: eng
page: 140-143
place: Enschede, The Netherlands
publication: Conference Proceedings - The 4th Conference on MicroFluidic Handling
  Systems (MFHS2019)
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Atomization of Fluids with Ultrasound
type: conference
user_id: '22130'
year: '2019'
...