---
_id: '6091'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: In the present article, the role of endogenous feature-specific orienting
    for conscious and unconscious vision is reviewed. We start with an overview of
    orienting. We proceed with a review of masking research, and the definition of
    the criteria of experimental protocols that demonstrate endogenous and exogenous
    orienting, respectively. Against this background of criteria, we assess studies
    of unconscious orienting and come to the conclusion that so far studies of unconscious
    orienting demonstrated endogenous feature-specific orienting. The review closes
    with a discussion of the role of unconscious orienting in action control. (PsycINFO
    Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
author:
- first_name: Ulrich
  full_name: Ansorge, Ulrich
  last_name: Ansorge
- first_name: Gernot
  full_name: Horstmann, Gernot
  last_name: Horstmann
- first_name: Ingrid
  full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
  id: '451'
  last_name: Scharlau
  orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
citation:
  ama: Ansorge U, Horstmann G, Scharlau I. Top-down contingent feature-specific orienting
    with and without awareness of the visual input. <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>.
    2011;7(2):108-119.
  apa: Ansorge, U., Horstmann, G., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2011). Top-down contingent
    feature-specific orienting with and without awareness of the visual input. <i>Advances
    in Cognitive Psychology</i>, <i>7</i>(2), 108–119.
  bibtex: '@article{Ansorge_Horstmann_Scharlau_2011, title={Top-down contingent feature-specific
    orienting with and without awareness of the visual input.}, volume={7}, number={2},
    journal={Advances in Cognitive Psychology}, author={Ansorge, Ulrich and Horstmann,
    Gernot and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2011}, pages={108–119} }'
  chicago: 'Ansorge, Ulrich, Gernot Horstmann, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Top-down Contingent
    Feature-Specific Orienting with and without Awareness of the Visual Input.” <i>Advances
    in Cognitive Psychology</i> 7, no. 2 (2011): 108–19.'
  ieee: U. Ansorge, G. Horstmann, and I. Scharlau, “Top-down contingent feature-specific
    orienting with and without awareness of the visual input.,” <i>Advances in Cognitive
    Psychology</i>, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 108–119, 2011.
  mla: Ansorge, Ulrich, et al. “Top-down Contingent Feature-Specific Orienting with
    and without Awareness of the Visual Input.” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>,
    vol. 7, no. 2, 2011, pp. 108–19.
  short: U. Ansorge, G. Horstmann, I. Scharlau, Advances in Cognitive Psychology 7
    (2011) 108–119.
date_created: 2018-12-10T07:08:22Z
date_updated: 2022-06-07T00:15:30Z
department:
- _id: '424'
intvolume: '         7'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- visual input
- awareness
- conscious
- orientation
- visual perception
- Awareness
- Consciousness States
- Perceptual Orientation
- Visual Perception
- Blindsight
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/Ansorge_Horstmann_Scharlau_ACP_21072011.pdf
oa: '1'
page: 108 - 119
publication: Advances in Cognitive Psychology
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1895-1171
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Top-down contingent feature-specific orienting with and without awareness of
  the visual input.
type: journal_article
user_id: '42165'
volume: 7
year: '2011'
...
---
_id: '6070'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'The Fehrer-Raab effect (simple reaction time is unaffected by metacontrast
    masking of the test stimulus) seems to imply that a stimulus can trigger a voluntary
    reaction without reaching a conscious representation. However, it is also possible
    that the mask triggers the reaction, and that the masked test stimulus causes
    a focussing of attention from which processing of the mask profits, thus reaching
    conscious representation earlier. This is predicted by the Weather Station Model
    of visual masking. Three experiments tested this explanation. Experiment 1 showed
    that the masked test stimulus caused a temporal shift of the mask. Experiment
    2 showed that the reaction in the Fehrer-Raab effect was not exclusively triggered
    by a conscious representation of the test stimulus: the mask was involved in evoking
    the reaction. Experiment 3 again revealed a temporal shift of the mask. However,
    the shift was only about half as large as the Fehrer-Raab effect. The psychometric
    functions suggested tha'
author:
- first_name: Odmar
  full_name: Neumann, Odmar
  last_name: Neumann
- first_name: Ingrid
  full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
  id: '451'
  last_name: Scharlau
  orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
citation:
  ama: Neumann O, Scharlau I. Experiments on the Fehrer-Raab effect and the “Weather
    Station Model” of visual backward masking. <i>Psychological Research</i>. 2007;71(6):667-677.
  apa: Neumann, O., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2007). Experiments on the Fehrer-Raab effect
    and the “Weather Station Model” of visual backward masking. <i>Psychological Research</i>,
    <i>71</i>(6), 667–677.
  bibtex: '@article{Neumann_Scharlau_2007, title={Experiments on the Fehrer-Raab effect
    and the “Weather Station Model” of visual backward masking.}, volume={71}, number={6},
    journal={Psychological Research}, author={Neumann, Odmar and Scharlau, Ingrid},
    year={2007}, pages={667–677} }'
  chicago: 'Neumann, Odmar, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Experiments on the Fehrer-Raab Effect
    and the ‘Weather Station Model’ of Visual Backward Masking.” <i>Psychological
    Research</i> 71, no. 6 (2007): 667–77.'
  ieee: O. Neumann and I. Scharlau, “Experiments on the Fehrer-Raab effect and the
    ‘Weather Station Model’ of visual backward masking.,” <i>Psychological Research</i>,
    vol. 71, no. 6, pp. 667–677, 2007.
  mla: Neumann, Odmar, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Experiments on the Fehrer-Raab Effect
    and the ‘Weather Station Model’ of Visual Backward Masking.” <i>Psychological
    Research</i>, vol. 71, no. 6, 2007, pp. 667–77.
  short: O. Neumann, I. Scharlau, Psychological Research 71 (2007) 667–677.
date_created: 2018-12-10T07:04:01Z
date_updated: 2022-06-07T00:19:52Z
department:
- _id: '424'
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        71'
issue: '6'
keyword:
- Fehrer-Raab effect
- Weather Station Model
- visual backward masking
- reaction time
- metacontrast masking
- conscious representation
- Cognition
- Humans
- Perceptual Masking
- Pilot Projects
- Psychology
- Experimental
- Psychometrics
- Reaction Time
- Visual Perception
- Models
- Reaction Time
- Visual Contrast
- Visual Masking
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/NeumannScharlau2006A.pdf
oa: '1'
page: 667 - 677
publication: Psychological Research
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0340-0727
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Experiments on the Fehrer-Raab effect and the 'Weather Station Model' of visual
  backward masking.
type: journal_article
user_id: '42165'
volume: 71
year: '2007'
...
---
_id: '6073'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'The paper is concerned with two models of early visual processing which predict
    that priming of a visual mask by a preceding masked stimulus speeds up conscious
    perception of the mask (perceptual latency priming). One model ascribes this speed-up
    to facilitation by visuo-spatial attention [Scharlau, I., & Neumann, O. (2003a).
    Perceptual latency priming by masked and unmasked stimuli: Evidence for an attentional
    explanation. Psychological Research 67, 184-197], the other attributes it to nonspecific
    upgrading mediated by retino-thalamic and thalamo-cortical pathways [Bachmann,
    T. (1994). Psychophysiology of visual masking: The fine structure of conscious
    experience. Commack, NY: Nova Science Publishers]. The models make different predictions
    about the time course of perceptual latency priming. Four experiments test these
    predictions. The results provide more support for the attentional than for the
    upgrading model. The experiments further demonstrate that testing latency facilitation
    w'
author:
- first_name: Ingrid
  full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
  id: '451'
  last_name: Scharlau
  orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
- first_name: Ulrich
  full_name: Ansorge, Ulrich
  last_name: Ansorge
- first_name: Gernot
  full_name: Horstmann, Gernot
  last_name: Horstmann
citation:
  ama: 'Scharlau I, Ansorge U, Horstmann G. Latency facilitation in temporal-order
    judgments: Time course of facilitation as a function of judgment type. <i>Acta
    Psychologica</i>. 2006;122(2):129-159.'
  apa: 'Scharlau, I., Ansorge, U., &#38; Horstmann, G. (2006). Latency facilitation
    in temporal-order judgments: Time course of facilitation as a function of judgment
    type. <i>Acta Psychologica</i>, <i>122</i>(2), 129–159.'
  bibtex: '@article{Scharlau_Ansorge_Horstmann_2006, title={Latency facilitation in
    temporal-order judgments: Time course of facilitation as a function of judgment
    type.}, volume={122}, number={2}, journal={Acta Psychologica}, author={Scharlau,
    Ingrid and Ansorge, Ulrich and Horstmann, Gernot}, year={2006}, pages={129–159}
    }'
  chicago: 'Scharlau, Ingrid, Ulrich Ansorge, and Gernot Horstmann. “Latency Facilitation
    in Temporal-Order Judgments: Time Course of Facilitation as a Function of Judgment
    Type.” <i>Acta Psychologica</i> 122, no. 2 (2006): 129–59.'
  ieee: 'I. Scharlau, U. Ansorge, and G. Horstmann, “Latency facilitation in temporal-order
    judgments: Time course of facilitation as a function of judgment type.,” <i>Acta
    Psychologica</i>, vol. 122, no. 2, pp. 129–159, 2006.'
  mla: 'Scharlau, Ingrid, et al. “Latency Facilitation in Temporal-Order Judgments:
    Time Course of Facilitation as a Function of Judgment Type.” <i>Acta Psychologica</i>,
    vol. 122, no. 2, 2006, pp. 129–59.'
  short: I. Scharlau, U. Ansorge, G. Horstmann, Acta Psychologica 122 (2006) 129–159.
date_created: 2018-12-10T07:04:39Z
date_updated: 2022-06-07T00:24:32Z
department:
- _id: '424'
extern: '1'
intvolume: '       122'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- latency facilitation
- temporal order judgments
- visual processing
- priming
- conscious perception
- visual mask
- Adult
- Attention
- Female
- Humans
- Judgment
- Male
- Perceptual Masking
- Reaction Time
- Space Perception
- Time Perception
- Visual Perception
- Consciousness States
- Judgment
- Priming
- Visual Masking
- Temporal Order (Judgment)
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/ScharlauAnsorgeHorstmann2006TimeCourse.pdf
oa: '1'
page: 129 - 159
publication: Acta Psychologica
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0001-6918
publication_status: published
status: public
title: 'Latency facilitation in temporal-order judgments: Time course of facilitation
  as a function of judgment type.'
type: journal_article
user_id: '42165'
volume: 122
year: '2006'
...