@inproceedings{37002,
  abstract     = {{HDL-mutation based fault injection and analysis is considered as an important coverage metric for measuring the quality of design simulation processes [20, 3, 1, 2]. In this work, we try to solve the problem of automatic simulation data generation targeting HDL mutation faults. We follow a search based approach and eliminate the need for symbolic execution and mathematical constraint solving from existing work. An objective cost function is defined on the test input space and serves the guidance of search for fault-detecting test data. This is done by first mapping the simulation traces under a test onto a control and data flow graph structure which is extracted from the design. Then the progress of fault detection can be measured quantitatively on this graph to be the cost value. By minimizing this cost we approach the target test data. The effectiveness of the cost function is investigated under an example neighborhood search scheme. Case study with a floating point arithmetic IP design has shown that the cost function is able to guide effectively the search procedure towards a fault-detecting test. The cost calculation time as the search overhead was also observed to be minor compared to the actual design simulation time.}},
  author       = {{Xie, Tao and Müller, Wolfgang and Letombe, Florian}},
  booktitle    = {{Proceedings of Euromicro DSD 2011}},
  isbn         = {{978-1-4577-1048-3}},
  keywords     = {{Hardware design languages, Cost function, Computational modeling, Fault detection, Data models, Analytical models, Testing}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE}},
  title        = {{{HDL-Mutation Based Simulation Data Generation by Propagation Guided Search}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/DSD.2011.83}},
  year         = {{2011}},
}

@article{9743,
  abstract     = {{The hydrothermal method enables the production of high-quality piezoelectric materials. In this study, we propose to irradiate the reaction solutions with ultrasonic power during the hydrothermal method to obtain a shorter reaction time and a smooth film surface. A high-pressure reaction container for the ultrasonic transducer was newly developed, and the ultrasonically-assisted hydrothermal method was examined by using this container. The effect of ultrasonic assist on the synthesis of lead-zirconate-titanate (PZT) thin films and (K,Na)NbO$_{3}$ powders was verified. Thicker PZT film, thickness around 10 ${\mu}$m, could be obtained in one process, and (K,Na)NbO$_{3}$ powder was synthesized in half the previous reaction time.}},
  author       = {{Ageba, Ryo and Kadota, Yoichi and Maeda, Takafumi and Takiguchi, Norihito and Morita, Takeshi and Ishikawa, Mutsuo and Bornmann, Peter and Hemsel, Tobias}},
  issn         = {{1948-5719}},
  journal      = {{Journal of Korean Physical Society}},
  keywords     = {{Hydrothermal method, High-power ultrasonic, PZT thin film, Lead-free piezoelectric materials}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{918--923}},
  title        = {{{Ultrasonically-assisted Hydrothermal Method for Ferroelectric Material Synthesis}}},
  doi          = {{10.3938/jkps.57.918}},
  volume       = {{57}},
  year         = {{2010}},
}

@article{9758,
  abstract     = {{As a lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, (K,Na)NbO$_{3}$ is a promising material because of its good piezoelectric properties. In this study, (K$_{1-x}$Na$_{x}$)NbO$_{3}$ ceramics were synthesized from a KNbO$_{3}$ and NaNbO$_{3}$ mixture powder prepared by the hydrothermal reaction. The hydrothermal reaction enables the production of high quality powder for the ceramics fabrication process. To obtain (K$_{1-x}$Na$_{x}$)NbO$_{3}$ ceramics, these two powders KNbO$_{3}$ and NaNbO$_{3}$ were mixed and then sintered together. X-Ray diffraction analysis revealed that the solid solution ceramics (K$_{1-x}$Na$_{x}$)NbO$_{3}$ was produced by the sintering process. The K/Na ratio in (K$_{1-x}$Na$_{x}$)NbO$_{3}$ ceramics was optimized for the best piezoelectric properties. The optimized forms was (K$_{0.48}$Na$_{0.52}$)NbO$_{3}$, which showed the following piezoelectric properties; k$_{33}$=0.56, d$_{33}$=114pC/N. In addition, the ferroelectric properties, P$_{r}$=7.72mC/cm$^{2}$, E$_{c}$=857V/mm, and the Curie temperature T$_{c}$=420$_{o}$C were also measured.}},
  author       = {{Maeda, Takafumi and Takiguchi, Norihito and Morita, Takeshi and Ishikawa, Mutsuo and Hemsel, Tobias}},
  issn         = {{1948-5719}},
  journal      = {{Journal of Korean Physical Society}},
  keywords     = {{Lead-free piezoelectric material, KNN, Hydrothermal method}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{924--928}},
  title        = {{{Hydrothermal (K1-xNax)NbO3 Lead-free Piezoelectric Ceramics}}},
  doi          = {{10.3938/jkps.57.924}},
  volume       = {{57}},
  year         = {{2010}},
}

@article{9759,
  abstract     = {{Among various lead-free piezoelectric materials, (K,Na)NbO$_{3}$ is a very promising candidate. In this study, (K,Na)NbO$_{3}$ ceramics were sintered from mixed (K,Na)NbO$_{3}$ and NaNbO$_{3}$ powders prepared by hydrothermal reaction. These two powders were mixed with distilled water in a KNbO$_{3}$/NaNbO$_{3}$ molar ratio of 1. After sintering the mixed powder, the solid solution of (Na,K)NbO$_{3}$ ceramics was obtained. The electrical properties such as the electromechanical coupling factors k$_{p}$ and k$_{33}$, the mechanical quality factor, Q$_{m}$, and the piezoelectric constant d$_{33}$ of the sintered (K,Na)NbO$_{3}$ ceramics were 0.32, 0.48, 71 (radial mode), 118 ((33)mode), and 107 pC/N, respectively.}},
  author       = {{Maeda, Takafumi and Takiguchi, Norihito and Morita, Takeshi and Ishikawa, Mutsuo and Hemsel, Tobias}},
  issn         = {{1948-5719}},
  journal      = {{Materials Letters}},
  keywords     = {{Lead-free piezoelectric material, (K, Na)NbO$_{3}$ ceramics, Sintering solid solution, Piezoelectric properties}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{125--128}},
  title        = {{{(K,Na)NbO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics synthesized from hydrothermal powders}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.matlet.2009.10.012}},
  volume       = {{64}},
  year         = {{2010}},
}

@inproceedings{11883,
  abstract     = {{In this paper, we experimentally evaluate algorithms for velocity estimation of a GSM 900 mobile terminal which are based on the analysis of the statistical properties of the fast fading process. It is shown how theses statistics can be obtained from the training sequences present in downlink transmission bursts without establishing an active connection. Realistic simulations of a GSM channel according to the COST 207 channel models have been conducted. These models incorporate effects like multipath propagation, fading, cochannel interference and additive noise. It is shown that velocity estimation by searching for the maximum slope of the power density spectrum of the fast fading performs best.}},
  author       = {{Peschke, Sven and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}},
  booktitle    = {{4th Workshop on Positioning Navigation and Communication (WPNC 2007)}},
  keywords     = {{additive noise, cellular radio, channel estimation, cochannel interference, COST 207 channel models, downlink transmission bursts, fading channels, fading process, GSM downlink signalling, mobile terminals, multipath channels, multipath propagation, power density spectrum, statistical analysis, statistical properties, telecommunication links, telecommunication terminals, velocity estimation}},
  pages        = {{217--222}},
  title        = {{{Velocity Estimation of Mobile Terminals by Exploiting GSM Downlink Signalling}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/WPNC.2007.353637}},
  year         = {{2007}},
}

@inproceedings{38104,
  abstract     = {{Location-aware services for private use such as GPS-
based navigation systems and GSM-based offerings
have become quite a success for outdoor applications,
while indoor positioning systems are still mainly
employed for professional use only. The main reasons
are cost issues and the complexity of setup and
maintenance of those systems. In this paper we
present CaMPTrack (Camera-based Multiple Person
Tracker), a prototype of a webcam-based positioning
system and discuss its application and development
challenges.}},
  author       = {{Schäfer, Robbie and Müller, Wolfgang and Deimann, Roman and Kleinjohann, Bernd}},
  booktitle    = {{Proceedings of the Workshop on Mobile Spatial Interaction at CHI 2007}},
  keywords     = {{Positioning Systems, Camera Based, Cost Efficiency, Smart Home Applications}},
  title        = {{{A Low-Cost Positioning System for Location-Aware Applications in Smart Homes}}},
  year         = {{2007}},
}