[{"keyword":["cueing","temporal-order judgements","theory of visual attention (TVA)","peripheral cue","processing speed","stimulus encoding","prior entry","Attention","Cues","Face Perception","Judgment"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"6080","user_id":"42165","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Peripheral visual cues lead to large shifts in psychometric distributions of temporal-order judgments. In one view, such shifts are attributed to attention speeding up processing of the cued stimulus, so-called prior entry. However, sometimes these shifts are so large that it is unlikely that they are caused by attention alone. Here we tested the prevalent alternative explanation that the cue is sometimes confused with the target on a perceptual level, bolstering the shift of the psychometric function. We applied a novel model of cued temporal-order judgments, derived from Bundesen’s Theory of Visual Attention.We found that cue–target confusions indeed contribute to shifting psychometric functions. However, cue-induced changes in the processing rates of the target stimuli play an important role, too. At smaller cueing intervals, the cue increased the processing speed of the target. At larger intervals, inhibition of return was predominant. Earlier studies of cued TOJs were insensitive","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","type":"journal_article","publication":"Frontiers in Psychology","title":"Peripheral visual cues: Their fate in processing and effects on attention and temporal-order perception.","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442/full","open_access":"1"}],"doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442","date_updated":"2022-06-06T16:29:50Z","oa":"1","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:06:09Z","author":[{"full_name":"Tünnermann, Jan","last_name":"Tünnermann","first_name":"Jan"},{"first_name":"Ingrid","id":"451","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau"}],"volume":7,"year":"2016","citation":{"short":"J. Tünnermann, I. Scharlau, Frontiers in Psychology 7 (2016).","bibtex":"@article{Tünnermann_Scharlau_2016, title={Peripheral visual cues: Their fate in processing and effects on attention and temporal-order perception.}, volume={7}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442\">10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442</a>}, journal={Frontiers in Psychology}, author={Tünnermann, Jan and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2016} }","mla":"Tünnermann, Jan, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Peripheral Visual Cues: Their Fate in Processing and Effects on Attention and Temporal-Order Perception.” <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>, vol. 7, 2016, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442\">10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442</a>.","apa":"Tünnermann, J., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2016). Peripheral visual cues: Their fate in processing and effects on attention and temporal-order perception. <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>, <i>7</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442\">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442</a>","ama":"Tünnermann J, Scharlau I. Peripheral visual cues: Their fate in processing and effects on attention and temporal-order perception. <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>. 2016;7. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442\">10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442</a>","ieee":"J. Tünnermann and I. Scharlau, “Peripheral visual cues: Their fate in processing and effects on attention and temporal-order perception.,” <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>, vol. 7, 2016, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442\">10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442</a>.","chicago":"Tünnermann, Jan, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Peripheral Visual Cues: Their Fate in Processing and Effects on Attention and Temporal-Order Perception.” <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i> 7 (2016). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442\">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442</a>."},"intvolume":"         7","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1664-1078"]}},{"funded_apc":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["attentional blink","attentional enhancement","lag-1 sparing","prior entry","temporal cueing","visual attention","rapid serial presentation","Adolescent","Adult","Attention","Attentional Blink","Color Perception","Cues","Female","Humans","Male","Neuropsychological Tests","Pattern Recognition","Visual","Time Factors","Visual Perception","Young Adult","Cues","Serial Recall","Visual Attention","Eyeblink Reflex"],"department":[{"_id":"424"}],"user_id":"42165","_id":"6081","status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The law of prior entry states that attended objects come to consciousness more quickly than unattended ones. This has been well established in spatial cueing paradigms, where two task-relevant stimuli are presented near-simultaneously at two different locations. Here, we suggest that prior entry also plays a pivotal role in temporal attention paradigms, where stimuli appear at the same location but at distinct moments in time, in rapid serial presentation (RSVP). Specifically, we hypothesize that prior entry can explain temporal order reversals in reporting two targets from RSVP. In support of this, three experiments show that cueing attention toward either of the targets has a strong influence on order errors. We conclude that prior entry provides a viable explanation of the way in which relevant information is prioritized in RSVP. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)"}],"publication":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance","type":"journal_article","title":"Prior entry and temporal attention: Cueing affects order errors in RSVP.","volume":38,"author":[{"first_name":"Frederic","full_name":"Hilkenmeier, Frederic","last_name":"Hilkenmeier"},{"last_name":"Olivers","full_name":"Olivers, Christian N. L.","first_name":"Christian N. L."},{"first_name":"Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau","id":"451","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid"}],"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:06:20Z","date_updated":"2022-06-06T16:35:40Z","page":"180 - 190","intvolume":"        38","citation":{"ama":"Hilkenmeier F, Olivers CNL, Scharlau I. Prior entry and temporal attention: Cueing affects order errors in RSVP. <i>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance</i>. 2012;38(1):180-190.","apa":"Hilkenmeier, F., Olivers, C. N. L., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2012). Prior entry and temporal attention: Cueing affects order errors in RSVP. <i>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance</i>, <i>38</i>(1), 180–190.","short":"F. Hilkenmeier, C.N.L. Olivers, I. Scharlau, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 38 (2012) 180–190.","mla":"Hilkenmeier, Frederic, et al. “Prior Entry and Temporal Attention: Cueing Affects Order Errors in RSVP.” <i>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance</i>, vol. 38, no. 1, 2012, pp. 180–90.","bibtex":"@article{Hilkenmeier_Olivers_Scharlau_2012, title={Prior entry and temporal attention: Cueing affects order errors in RSVP.}, volume={38}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance}, author={Hilkenmeier, Frederic and Olivers, Christian N. L. and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2012}, pages={180–190} }","chicago":"Hilkenmeier, Frederic, Christian N. L. Olivers, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Prior Entry and Temporal Attention: Cueing Affects Order Errors in RSVP.” <i>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance</i> 38, no. 1 (2012): 180–90.","ieee":"F. Hilkenmeier, C. N. L. Olivers, and I. Scharlau, “Prior entry and temporal attention: Cueing affects order errors in RSVP.,” <i>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance</i>, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 180–190, 2012."},"year":"2012","issue":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0096-1523"]},"publication_status":"published"},{"issue":"1","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0001-6918"]},"citation":{"apa":"Weiß, K., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2012). At the mercy of prior entry: Prior entry induced by invisible primes is not susceptible to current intentions. <i>Acta Psychologica</i>, <i>139</i>(1), 54–64.","bibtex":"@article{Weiß_Scharlau_2012, title={At the mercy of prior entry: Prior entry induced by invisible primes is not susceptible to current intentions.}, volume={139}, number={1}, journal={Acta Psychologica}, author={Weiß, Katharina and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2012}, pages={54–64} }","short":"K. Weiß, I. Scharlau, Acta Psychologica 139 (2012) 54–64.","mla":"Weiß, Katharina, and Ingrid Scharlau. “At the Mercy of Prior Entry: Prior Entry Induced by Invisible Primes Is Not Susceptible to Current Intentions.” <i>Acta Psychologica</i>, vol. 139, no. 1, 2012, pp. 54–64.","ama":"Weiß K, Scharlau I. At the mercy of prior entry: Prior entry induced by invisible primes is not susceptible to current intentions. <i>Acta Psychologica</i>. 2012;139(1):54-64.","ieee":"K. Weiß and I. Scharlau, “At the mercy of prior entry: Prior entry induced by invisible primes is not susceptible to current intentions.,” <i>Acta Psychologica</i>, vol. 139, no. 1, pp. 54–64, 2012.","chicago":"Weiß, Katharina, and Ingrid Scharlau. “At the Mercy of Prior Entry: Prior Entry Induced by Invisible Primes Is Not Susceptible to Current Intentions.” <i>Acta Psychologica</i> 139, no. 1 (2012): 54–64."},"page":"54 - 64","intvolume":"       139","year":"2012","author":[{"first_name":"Katharina","full_name":"Weiß, Katharina","last_name":"Weiß"},{"full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","id":"451","last_name":"Scharlau","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","first_name":"Ingrid"}],"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:01:19Z","volume":139,"date_updated":"2022-06-06T16:41:22Z","title":"At the mercy of prior entry: Prior entry induced by invisible primes is not susceptible to current intentions.","type":"journal_article","publication":"Acta Psychologica","status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"If one of two events is attended to, it will be perceived earlier than a simultaneously occurring unattended event. Since 150 years, this effect has been ascribed to the facilitating influence of attention, also known as prior entry. Yet, the attentional origin of prior-entry effects¹ has been repeatedly doubted. One criticism is that prior-entry effects might be due to biased decision processes that would mimic a temporal advantage for attended stimuli. Although most obvious biases have already been excluded experimentally (e.g. judgment criteria, response compatibility) and prior-entry effects have shown to persist (Shore, Spence, & Klein, 2001), many other biases are conceivable, which makes it difficult to put the debate to an end. Thus, we approach this problem the other way around by asking whether prior-entry effects can be biased voluntarily. Observers were informed about prior entry and instructed to reduce it as far as possible. For this aim they received continuous feedback"}],"user_id":"42165","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"_id":"6064","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"funded_apc":"1","keyword":["intentions","events","attention","decision processes","Adult","Attention","Choice Behavior","Cues","Female","Humans","Intention","Judgment","Male","Middle Aged","Reaction Time","Time Perception","Visual Perception","Attention","Decision Making","Experiences (Events)","Intention"]},{"volume":20,"author":[{"full_name":"Hilkenmeier, Frederic","last_name":"Hilkenmeier","first_name":"Frederic"},{"first_name":"Ingrid","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","id":"451","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau"},{"first_name":"Katharina","full_name":"Weiß, Katharina","last_name":"Weiß"},{"first_name":"Christian N. L.","last_name":"Olivers","full_name":"Olivers, Christian N. L."}],"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:07:45Z","date_updated":"2022-06-06T16:36:51Z","title":"The dynamics of prior entry in serial visual processing.","issue":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1350-6285"]},"publication_status":"published","intvolume":"        20","page":"48 - 76","citation":{"mla":"Hilkenmeier, Frederic, et al. “The Dynamics of Prior Entry in Serial Visual Processing.” <i>Visual Cognition</i>, vol. 20, no. 1, 2012, pp. 48–76.","short":"F. Hilkenmeier, I. Scharlau, K. Weiß, C.N.L. Olivers, Visual Cognition 20 (2012) 48–76.","bibtex":"@article{Hilkenmeier_Scharlau_Weiß_Olivers_2012, title={The dynamics of prior entry in serial visual processing.}, volume={20}, number={1}, journal={Visual Cognition}, author={Hilkenmeier, Frederic and Scharlau, Ingrid and Weiß, Katharina and Olivers, Christian N. L.}, year={2012}, pages={48–76} }","apa":"Hilkenmeier, F., Scharlau, I., Weiß, K., &#38; Olivers, C. N. L. (2012). The dynamics of prior entry in serial visual processing. <i>Visual Cognition</i>, <i>20</i>(1), 48–76.","ama":"Hilkenmeier F, Scharlau I, Weiß K, Olivers CNL. The dynamics of prior entry in serial visual processing. <i>Visual Cognition</i>. 2012;20(1):48-76.","chicago":"Hilkenmeier, Frederic, Ingrid Scharlau, Katharina Weiß, and Christian N. L. Olivers. “The Dynamics of Prior Entry in Serial Visual Processing.” <i>Visual Cognition</i> 20, no. 1 (2012): 48–76.","ieee":"F. Hilkenmeier, I. Scharlau, K. Weiß, and C. N. L. Olivers, “The dynamics of prior entry in serial visual processing.,” <i>Visual Cognition</i>, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 48–76, 2012."},"year":"2012","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"user_id":"42165","_id":"6088","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"funded_apc":"1","keyword":["serial visual processing","prior entry dynamics","cueing paradigms","Cues","Visual Perception","Visual Search"],"publication":"Visual Cognition","type":"journal_article","status":"public","abstract":[{"text":"An attended stimulus reduces the perceptual latency of a later stimulus at the same location, leading to the intriguing finding that the perceived order between the two is often reversed. This prior-entry effect has been well established in a number of different cueing paradigms, mostly involving spatial attentional shifts. Here we assess the time-course of prior entry when all stimuli appear in rapid serial presentation at one location. Our findings indicate that the size of the attentional enhancement is strongly affected by the stimulus onset asynchrony between cue and target, with a rapid early peak, followed by decay. When task-irrelevant cues are used, the cueing effect on prior entry is short-lived and peaks as early as 50 ms. The benefit extends to about 100 ms when task-relevant cues are employed. These results fit with a straightforward computational model of transient attentional enhancement, peaking about 80 100 ms after stimulus detection. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 20","lang":"eng"}]},{"year":"2012","citation":{"bibtex":"@article{Salem_Kopp_Wachsmuth_Rohlfing_Joublin_2012, title={Generation and evaluation of communicative robot gesture}, volume={4}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9\">10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9</a>}, number={2}, journal={International Journal of Social Robotics, Special Issue on Expectations, Intentions, and Actions}, publisher={Springer Science + Business Media}, author={Salem, Maha and Kopp, Stefan and Wachsmuth, Ipke and Rohlfing, Katharina and Joublin, Frank}, year={2012}, pages={201–217} }","mla":"Salem, Maha, et al. “Generation and Evaluation of Communicative Robot Gesture.” <i>International Journal of Social Robotics, Special Issue on Expectations, Intentions, and Actions</i>, vol. 4, no. 2, Springer Science + Business Media, 2012, pp. 201–17, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9\">10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9</a>.","short":"M. Salem, S. Kopp, I. Wachsmuth, K. Rohlfing, F. Joublin, International Journal of Social Robotics, Special Issue on Expectations, Intentions, and Actions 4 (2012) 201–217.","apa":"Salem, M., Kopp, S., Wachsmuth, I., Rohlfing, K., &#38; Joublin, F. (2012). Generation and evaluation of communicative robot gesture. <i>International Journal of Social Robotics, Special Issue on Expectations, Intentions, and Actions</i>, <i>4</i>(2), 201–217. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9</a>","chicago":"Salem, Maha, Stefan Kopp, Ipke Wachsmuth, Katharina Rohlfing, and Frank Joublin. “Generation and Evaluation of Communicative Robot Gesture.” <i>International Journal of Social Robotics, Special Issue on Expectations, Intentions, and Actions</i> 4, no. 2 (2012): 201–17. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9</a>.","ieee":"M. Salem, S. Kopp, I. Wachsmuth, K. Rohlfing, and F. Joublin, “Generation and evaluation of communicative robot gesture,” <i>International Journal of Social Robotics, Special Issue on Expectations, Intentions, and Actions</i>, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 201–217, 2012, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9\">10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9</a>.","ama":"Salem M, Kopp S, Wachsmuth I, Rohlfing K, Joublin F. Generation and evaluation of communicative robot gesture. <i>International Journal of Social Robotics, Special Issue on Expectations, Intentions, and Actions</i>. 2012;4(2):201-217. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9\">10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9</a>"},"page":"201-217","intvolume":"         4","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1875-4805"]},"issue":"2","title":"Generation and evaluation of communicative robot gesture","doi":"10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9","publisher":"Springer Science + Business Media","date_updated":"2023-02-01T16:21:50Z","author":[{"full_name":"Salem, Maha","last_name":"Salem","first_name":"Maha"},{"full_name":"Kopp, Stefan","last_name":"Kopp","first_name":"Stefan"},{"first_name":"Ipke","last_name":"Wachsmuth","full_name":"Wachsmuth, Ipke"},{"first_name":"Katharina","id":"50352","full_name":"Rohlfing, Katharina","last_name":"Rohlfing"},{"full_name":"Joublin, Frank","last_name":"Joublin","first_name":"Frank"}],"date_created":"2020-06-24T13:01:48Z","volume":4,"abstract":[{"text":"How is communicative gesture behavior in robots perceived by humans? Although gesture is crucial in social interaction, this research question is still largely unexplored in the field of social robotics. Thus, the main objective of the present work is to investigate how gestural machine behaviors can be used to design more natural communication in social robots. The chosen approach is twofold. Firstly, the technical challenges encountered when implementing a speech-gesture generation model on a robotic platform are tackled. We present a framework that enables the humanoid robot to flexibly produce synthetic speech and co-verbal hand and arm gestures at run-time, while not being limited to a predefined repertoire of motor actions. Secondly, the achieved flexibility in robot gesture is exploited in controlled experiments. To gain a deeper understanding of how communicative robot gesture might impact and shape human perception and evaluation of human-robot interaction, we conducted a between-subjects experimental study using the humanoid robot in a joint task scenario. We manipulated the non-verbal behaviors of the robot in three experimental conditions, so that it would refer to objects by utilizing either (1) unimodal (i.e., speech only) utterances, (2) congruent multimodal (i.e., semantically matching speech and gesture) or (3) incongruent multimodal (i.e., semantically non-matching speech and gesture) utterances. Our findings reveal that the robot is evaluated more positively when non-verbal behaviors such as hand and arm gestures are displayed along with speech, even if they do not semantically match the spoken utterance.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","type":"journal_article","publication":"International Journal of Social Robotics, Special Issue on Expectations, Intentions, and Actions","keyword":["Social Human-Robot Interaction","Multimodal Interaction and Conversational Skills","Robot Companions and Social Robots","Non-verbal Cues and Expressiveness"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"17225","user_id":"14931","department":[{"_id":"749"}]},{"citation":{"apa":"Salem, M., Kopp, S., Wachsmuth, I., Rohlfing, K., &#38; Joublin, F. (2012). Generation and evaluation of communicative robot gesture. <i>International Journal of Social Robotics, Special Issue on Expectations, Intentions, and Actions</i>, <i>4</i>(2), 201–217. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9</a>","mla":"Salem, Maha, et al. “Generation and Evaluation of Communicative Robot Gesture.” <i>International Journal of Social Robotics, Special Issue on Expectations, Intentions, and Actions</i>, vol. 4, no. 2, Springer Science + Business Media, 2012, pp. 201–17, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9\">10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Salem_Kopp_Wachsmuth_Rohlfing_Joublin_2012, title={Generation and evaluation of communicative robot gesture}, volume={4}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9\">10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9</a>}, number={2}, journal={International Journal of Social Robotics, Special Issue on Expectations, Intentions, and Actions}, publisher={Springer Science + Business Media}, author={Salem, Maha and Kopp, Stefan and Wachsmuth, Ipke and Rohlfing, Katharina and Joublin, Frank}, year={2012}, pages={201–217} }","short":"M. Salem, S. Kopp, I. Wachsmuth, K. Rohlfing, F. Joublin, International Journal of Social Robotics, Special Issue on Expectations, Intentions, and Actions 4 (2012) 201–217.","ama":"Salem M, Kopp S, Wachsmuth I, Rohlfing K, Joublin F. Generation and evaluation of communicative robot gesture. <i>International Journal of Social Robotics, Special Issue on Expectations, Intentions, and Actions</i>. 2012;4(2):201-217. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9\">10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9</a>","chicago":"Salem, Maha, Stefan Kopp, Ipke Wachsmuth, Katharina Rohlfing, and Frank Joublin. “Generation and Evaluation of Communicative Robot Gesture.” <i>International Journal of Social Robotics, Special Issue on Expectations, Intentions, and Actions</i> 4, no. 2 (2012): 201–17. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9</a>.","ieee":"M. Salem, S. Kopp, I. Wachsmuth, K. Rohlfing, and F. Joublin, “Generation and evaluation of communicative robot gesture,” <i>International Journal of Social Robotics, Special Issue on Expectations, Intentions, and Actions</i>, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 201–217, 2012, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9\">10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9</a>."},"page":"201-217","intvolume":"         4","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1875-4805"]},"doi":"10.1007/s12369-011-0124-9","date_updated":"2023-02-01T12:52:23Z","author":[{"last_name":"Salem","full_name":"Salem, Maha","first_name":"Maha"},{"first_name":"Stefan","last_name":"Kopp","full_name":"Kopp, Stefan"},{"first_name":"Ipke","last_name":"Wachsmuth","full_name":"Wachsmuth, Ipke"},{"full_name":"Rohlfing, Katharina","id":"50352","last_name":"Rohlfing","first_name":"Katharina"},{"first_name":"Frank","full_name":"Joublin, Frank","last_name":"Joublin"}],"volume":4,"status":"public","type":"journal_article","_id":"17428","user_id":"14931","department":[{"_id":"749"}],"year":"2012","issue":"2","title":"Generation and evaluation of communicative robot gesture","publisher":"Springer Science + Business Media","date_created":"2020-07-28T11:44:02Z","abstract":[{"text":"How is communicative gesture behavior in robots perceived by humans? Although gesture is crucial in social interaction, this research question is still largely unexplored in the field of social robotics. Thus, the main objective of the present work is to investigate how gestural machine behaviors can be used to design more natural communication in social robots. The chosen approach is twofold. Firstly, the technical challenges encountered when implementing a speech-gesture generation model on a robotic platform are tackled. We present a framework that enables the humanoid robot to flexibly produce synthetic speech and co-verbal hand and arm gestures at run-time, while not being limited to a predefined repertoire of motor actions. Secondly, the achieved flexibility in robot gesture is exploited in controlled experiments. To gain a deeper understanding of how communicative robot gesture might impact and shape human perception and evaluation of human-robot interaction, we conducted a between-subjects experimental study using the humanoid robot in a joint task scenario. We manipulated the non-verbal behaviors of the robot in three experimental conditions, so that it would refer to objects by utilizing either (1) unimodal (i.e., speech only) utterances, (2) congruent multimodal (i.e., semantically matching speech and gesture) or (3) incongruent multimodal (i.e., semantically non-matching speech and gesture) utterances. Our findings reveal that the robot is evaluated more positively when non-verbal behaviors such as hand and arm gestures are displayed along with speech, even if they do not semantically match the spoken utterance.","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"International Journal of Social Robotics, Special Issue on Expectations, Intentions, and Actions","keyword":["Social Human-Robot Interaction","Multimodal Interaction and Conversational Skills","Robot Companions and Social Robots","Non-verbal Cues and Expressiveness"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"title":"Prior entry explains order reversals in the attentional blink.","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:06:31Z","year":"2011","issue":"1","keyword":["attentional blink","order reversals","prior entry","working memory","visual attention","attentional performance","Adolescent","Adult","Attention","Attentional Blink","Color Perception","Cues","Discrimination (Psychology)","Female","Humans","Male","Memory","Short-Term","Pattern Recognition","Visual","Psychophysics","Reaction Time","Reversal Learning","Sensory Gating","Serial Learning","Young Adult","Eyeblink Reflex","Stimulus Change","Stimulus Parameters","Visual Attention","Attentional Blink","Short Term Memory"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"When two targets are presented in rapid succession, the first target (T1) is usually identified, but the second target (T2) is often missed. A remarkable exception to this 'attentional blink' occurs when T2 immediately follows the first T1, at lag 1. It is then often spared but reported in the wrong order—that is, before T1. These order reversals have led to the hypothesis that 'lag 1 sparing' occurs because the two targets merge into a single episodic representation. Here, we report evidence consistent with an alternative theory: T2 receives more attention than T1, leading to prior entry into working memory. Two experiments showed that the more T2 performance exceeded that for T1, the more order reversals were made. Furthermore, precuing T1 led to a shift in performance benefits from T2 to T1 and to an equivalent reduction in order reversals. We conclude that it is not necessary to assume episodic integration to explain lag 1 sparing or the accompanying order reversals. (PsycINFO Dat"}],"publication":"Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/Olivers_etal__2011__AP_PProofs.pdf"}],"date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:16:50Z","oa":"1","author":[{"first_name":"Christian N. L.","last_name":"Olivers","full_name":"Olivers, Christian N. L."},{"last_name":"Hilkenmeier","full_name":"Hilkenmeier, Frederic","first_name":"Frederic"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau","id":"451","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","first_name":"Ingrid"}],"volume":73,"citation":{"short":"C.N.L. Olivers, F. Hilkenmeier, I. Scharlau, Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics 73 (2011) 53–67.","mla":"Olivers, Christian N. L., et al. “Prior Entry Explains Order Reversals in the Attentional Blink.” <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i>, vol. 73, no. 1, 2011, pp. 53–67.","bibtex":"@article{Olivers_Hilkenmeier_Scharlau_2011, title={Prior entry explains order reversals in the attentional blink.}, volume={73}, number={1}, journal={Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics}, author={Olivers, Christian N. L. and Hilkenmeier, Frederic and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2011}, pages={53–67} }","apa":"Olivers, C. N. L., Hilkenmeier, F., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2011). Prior entry explains order reversals in the attentional blink. <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i>, <i>73</i>(1), 53–67.","chicago":"Olivers, Christian N. L., Frederic Hilkenmeier, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Prior Entry Explains Order Reversals in the Attentional Blink.” <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i> 73, no. 1 (2011): 53–67.","ieee":"C. N. L. Olivers, F. Hilkenmeier, and I. Scharlau, “Prior entry explains order reversals in the attentional blink.,” <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i>, vol. 73, no. 1, pp. 53–67, 2011.","ama":"Olivers CNL, Hilkenmeier F, Scharlau I. Prior entry explains order reversals in the attentional blink. <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i>. 2011;73(1):53-67."},"intvolume":"        73","page":"53 - 67","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1943-3921"]},"funded_apc":"1","_id":"6082","user_id":"42165","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"status":"public","type":"journal_article"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["temporal order perception","simultaneity","temporal order judgment","attention","visual perception","Adolescent","Adult","Attention","Cues","Discrimination (Psychology)","Female","Humans","Judgment","Male","Models","Psychological","Photic Stimulation","Reaction Time","Time Factors","Uncertainty","Visual Perception","Young Adult","Attention","Judgment","Stimulus Similarity","Time Perception","Visual Discrimination","Temporal Order (Judgment)"],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Attended stimuli are perceived as occurring earlier than unattended stimuli. This phenomenon of prior entry is usually identified by a shift in the point of subjective simultaneity (PSS) in temporal order judgements (TOJs). According to its traditional psychophysical interpretation, the PSS coincides with the perception of simultaneity. This assumption is, however, questionable. Technically, the PSS represents the temporal interval between two stimuli at which the two alternative TOJs are equally likely. Thus it also seems possible that observers perceive not simultaneity, but uncertainty of temporal order. This possibility is supported by prior-entry studies, which find that perception of simultaneity is not very likely at the PSS. The present study tested the percept at the PSS in prior entry, using peripheral cues to orient attention. We found that manipulating attention caused varying temporal perceptions around the PSS. On some occasions observers perceived the two stimuli as sim"}],"publication":"The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology","title":"Simultaneity and temporal order perception: Different sides of the same coin? Evidence from a visual prior-entry study.","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:06:56Z","year":"2011","issue":"2","funded_apc":"1","user_id":"42165","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"_id":"6084","status":"public","type":"journal_article","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/WeissScharlau2010.pdf"}],"author":[{"last_name":"Weiß","full_name":"Weiß, Katharina","first_name":"Katharina"},{"full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","id":"451","last_name":"Scharlau","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","first_name":"Ingrid"}],"volume":64,"oa":"1","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:17:26Z","citation":{"ama":"Weiß K, Scharlau I. Simultaneity and temporal order perception: Different sides of the same coin? Evidence from a visual prior-entry study. <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology</i>. 2011;64(2):394-416.","apa":"Weiß, K., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2011). Simultaneity and temporal order perception: Different sides of the same coin? Evidence from a visual prior-entry study. <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology</i>, <i>64</i>(2), 394–416.","mla":"Weiß, Katharina, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Simultaneity and Temporal Order Perception: Different Sides of the Same Coin? Evidence from a Visual Prior-Entry Study.” <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology</i>, vol. 64, no. 2, 2011, pp. 394–416.","short":"K. Weiß, I. Scharlau, The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 64 (2011) 394–416.","bibtex":"@article{Weiß_Scharlau_2011, title={Simultaneity and temporal order perception: Different sides of the same coin? Evidence from a visual prior-entry study.}, volume={64}, number={2}, journal={The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology}, author={Weiß, Katharina and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2011}, pages={394–416} }","ieee":"K. Weiß and I. Scharlau, “Simultaneity and temporal order perception: Different sides of the same coin? Evidence from a visual prior-entry study.,” <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology</i>, vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 394–416, 2011.","chicago":"Weiß, Katharina, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Simultaneity and Temporal Order Perception: Different Sides of the Same Coin? Evidence from a Visual Prior-Entry Study.” <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology</i> 64, no. 2 (2011): 394–416."},"intvolume":"        64","page":"394 - 416","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1747-0218"]}},{"status":"public","editor":[{"first_name":"B.","last_name":"Mutlu","full_name":"Mutlu, B."},{"first_name":"C.","last_name":"Bartneck","full_name":"Bartneck, C."},{"full_name":"Ham, J.","last_name":"Ham","first_name":"J."},{"first_name":"V.","last_name":"Evers","full_name":"Evers, V."},{"first_name":"T.","last_name":"Kanda","full_name":"Kanda, T."}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Previous work has shown that gestural behaviors affect anthropomorphic inferences about artificial communicators such as virtual agents. In an experiment with a humanoid robot, we investigated to what extent gesture would affect anthropomorphic inferences about the robot. Particularly, we examined the effects of the robot's hand and arm gestures on the attribution of typically human traits, likability of the robot, shared reality, and future contact intentions after interacting with the robot. For this, we manipulated the non-verbal behaviors of the humanoid robot in three experimental conditions: (1) no gesture, (2) congruent gesture, and (3) incongruent gesture. We hypothesized higher ratings on all dependent measures in the two gesture (vs. no gesture) conditions. The results confirm our predictions: when the robot used gestures during interaction, it was anthropomorphized more, participants perceived it as more likable, reported greater shared reality with it, and showed increased future contact intentions than when the robot gave instructions without using gestures. Surprisingly, this effect was particularly pronounced when the robot's gestures were partly incongruent with speech. These findings show that communicative non-verbal behaviors in robotic systems affect both anthropomorphic perceptions and the mental models humans form of a humanoid robot during interaction."}],"type":"conference","publication":"Social Robotics","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["Multimodal Interaction and Conversational Skills","Anthropomorphism","Non-verbal Cues and Expressiveness"],"user_id":"14931","department":[{"_id":"749"}],"_id":"17430","citation":{"mla":"Salem, Maha, et al. “Effects of Gesture on the Perception of Psychological Anthropomorphism: A Case Study with a Humanoid Robot.” <i>Social Robotics</i>, edited by B. Mutlu et al., vol. 7072, Springer Science + Business Media, 2011, pp. 31–41, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4\">10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4</a>.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Salem_Eyssel_Rohlfing_Kopp_Joublin_2011, title={Effects of gesture on the perception of psychological anthropomorphism: A case study with a humanoid robot}, volume={7072}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4\">10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4</a>}, booktitle={Social Robotics}, publisher={Springer Science + Business Media}, author={Salem, Maha and Eyssel, Friederike Anne and Rohlfing, Katharina and Kopp, Stefan and Joublin, F.}, editor={Mutlu, B. and Bartneck, C. and Ham, J. and Evers, V. and Kanda, T.}, year={2011}, pages={31–41} }","short":"M. Salem, F.A. Eyssel, K. Rohlfing, S. Kopp, F. Joublin, in: B. Mutlu, C. Bartneck, J. Ham, V. Evers, T. Kanda (Eds.), Social Robotics, Springer Science + Business Media, 2011, pp. 31–41.","apa":"Salem, M., Eyssel, F. A., Rohlfing, K., Kopp, S., &#38; Joublin, F. (2011). Effects of gesture on the perception of psychological anthropomorphism: A case study with a humanoid robot. In B. Mutlu, C. Bartneck, J. Ham, V. Evers, &#38; T. Kanda (Eds.), <i>Social Robotics</i> (Vol. 7072, pp. 31–41). Springer Science + Business Media. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4</a>","chicago":"Salem, Maha, Friederike Anne Eyssel, Katharina Rohlfing, Stefan Kopp, and F. Joublin. “Effects of Gesture on the Perception of Psychological Anthropomorphism: A Case Study with a Humanoid Robot.” In <i>Social Robotics</i>, edited by B. Mutlu, C. Bartneck, J. Ham, V. Evers, and T. Kanda, 7072:31–41. Springer Science + Business Media, 2011. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4</a>.","ieee":"M. Salem, F. A. Eyssel, K. Rohlfing, S. Kopp, and F. Joublin, “Effects of gesture on the perception of psychological anthropomorphism: A case study with a humanoid robot,” in <i>Social Robotics</i>, 2011, vol. 7072, pp. 31–41, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4\">10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4</a>.","ama":"Salem M, Eyssel FA, Rohlfing K, Kopp S, Joublin F. Effects of gesture on the perception of psychological anthropomorphism: A case study with a humanoid robot. In: Mutlu B, Bartneck C, Ham J, Evers V, Kanda T, eds. <i>Social Robotics</i>. Vol 7072. Springer Science + Business Media; 2011:31-41. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4\">10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4</a>"},"intvolume":"      7072","page":"31-41","year":"2011","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-3-642-25503-8"]},"doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4","title":"Effects of gesture on the perception of psychological anthropomorphism: A case study with a humanoid robot","author":[{"last_name":"Salem","full_name":"Salem, Maha","first_name":"Maha"},{"last_name":"Eyssel","full_name":"Eyssel, Friederike Anne","first_name":"Friederike Anne"},{"full_name":"Rohlfing, Katharina","id":"50352","last_name":"Rohlfing","first_name":"Katharina"},{"last_name":"Kopp","full_name":"Kopp, Stefan","first_name":"Stefan"},{"full_name":"Joublin, F.","last_name":"Joublin","first_name":"F."}],"date_created":"2020-07-28T11:44:04Z","volume":7072,"date_updated":"2023-02-01T12:52:02Z","publisher":"Springer Science + Business Media"},{"_id":"17242","department":[{"_id":"749"}],"user_id":"14931","keyword":["Multimodal Interaction and Conversational Skills","Anthropomorphism","Non-verbal Cues and Expressiveness"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Social Robotics","type":"conference","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Previous work has shown that gestural behaviors affect anthropomorphic inferences about artificial communicators such as virtual agents. In an experiment with a humanoid robot, we investigated to what extent gesture would affect anthropomorphic inferences about the robot. Particularly, we examined the effects of the robot's hand and arm gestures on the attribution of typically human traits, likability of the robot, shared reality, and future contact intentions after interacting with the robot. For this, we manipulated the non-verbal behaviors of the humanoid robot in three experimental conditions: (1) no gesture, (2) congruent gesture, and (3) incongruent gesture. We hypothesized higher ratings on all dependent measures in the two gesture (vs. no gesture) conditions. The results confirm our predictions: when the robot used gestures during interaction, it was anthropomorphized more, participants perceived it as more likable, reported greater shared reality with it, and showed increased future contact intentions than when the robot gave instructions without using gestures. Surprisingly, this effect was particularly pronounced when the robot's gestures were partly incongruent with speech. These findings show that communicative non-verbal behaviors in robotic systems affect both anthropomorphic perceptions and the mental models humans form of a humanoid robot during interaction."}],"editor":[{"first_name":"B.","full_name":"Mutlu, B.","last_name":"Mutlu"},{"first_name":"C.","last_name":"Bartneck","full_name":"Bartneck, C."},{"first_name":"J.","last_name":"Ham","full_name":"Ham, J."},{"full_name":"Evers, V.","last_name":"Evers","first_name":"V."},{"first_name":"T.","full_name":"Kanda, T.","last_name":"Kanda"}],"status":"public","publisher":"Springer Science + Business Media","date_updated":"2023-02-01T12:58:57Z","volume":7072,"author":[{"last_name":"Salem","full_name":"Salem, Maha","first_name":"Maha"},{"full_name":"Eyssel, Friederike Anne","last_name":"Eyssel","first_name":"Friederike Anne"},{"first_name":"Katharina","full_name":"Rohlfing, Katharina","id":"50352","last_name":"Rohlfing"},{"first_name":"Stefan","last_name":"Kopp","full_name":"Kopp, Stefan"},{"first_name":"F.","last_name":"Joublin","full_name":"Joublin, F."}],"date_created":"2020-06-24T13:02:07Z","title":"Effects of gesture on the perception of psychological anthropomorphism: A case study with a humanoid robot","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-3-642-25503-8"]},"year":"2011","intvolume":"      7072","page":"31-41","citation":{"ama":"Salem M, Eyssel FA, Rohlfing K, Kopp S, Joublin F. Effects of gesture on the perception of psychological anthropomorphism: A case study with a humanoid robot. In: Mutlu B, Bartneck C, Ham J, Evers V, Kanda T, eds. <i>Social Robotics</i>. Vol 7072. Springer Science + Business Media; 2011:31-41. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4\">10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4</a>","ieee":"M. Salem, F. A. Eyssel, K. Rohlfing, S. Kopp, and F. Joublin, “Effects of gesture on the perception of psychological anthropomorphism: A case study with a humanoid robot,” in <i>Social Robotics</i>, 2011, vol. 7072, pp. 31–41, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4\">10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4</a>.","chicago":"Salem, Maha, Friederike Anne Eyssel, Katharina Rohlfing, Stefan Kopp, and F. Joublin. “Effects of Gesture on the Perception of Psychological Anthropomorphism: A Case Study with a Humanoid Robot.” In <i>Social Robotics</i>, edited by B. Mutlu, C. Bartneck, J. Ham, V. Evers, and T. Kanda, 7072:31–41. Springer Science + Business Media, 2011. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4</a>.","short":"M. Salem, F.A. Eyssel, K. Rohlfing, S. Kopp, F. Joublin, in: B. Mutlu, C. Bartneck, J. Ham, V. Evers, T. Kanda (Eds.), Social Robotics, Springer Science + Business Media, 2011, pp. 31–41.","mla":"Salem, Maha, et al. “Effects of Gesture on the Perception of Psychological Anthropomorphism: A Case Study with a Humanoid Robot.” <i>Social Robotics</i>, edited by B. Mutlu et al., vol. 7072, Springer Science + Business Media, 2011, pp. 31–41, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4\">10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4</a>.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Salem_Eyssel_Rohlfing_Kopp_Joublin_2011, title={Effects of gesture on the perception of psychological anthropomorphism: A case study with a humanoid robot}, volume={7072}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4\">10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4</a>}, booktitle={Social Robotics}, publisher={Springer Science + Business Media}, author={Salem, Maha and Eyssel, Friederike Anne and Rohlfing, Katharina and Kopp, Stefan and Joublin, F.}, editor={Mutlu, B. and Bartneck, C. and Ham, J. and Evers, V. and Kanda, T.}, year={2011}, pages={31–41} }","apa":"Salem, M., Eyssel, F. A., Rohlfing, K., Kopp, S., &#38; Joublin, F. (2011). Effects of gesture on the perception of psychological anthropomorphism: A case study with a humanoid robot. In B. Mutlu, C. Bartneck, J. Ham, V. Evers, &#38; T. Kanda (Eds.), <i>Social Robotics</i> (Vol. 7072, pp. 31–41). Springer Science + Business Media. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25504-5_4</a>"}},{"title":"Perceptual latency priming by masked and unmasked stimuli: Evidence for an attentional interpretation.","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:05:43Z","year":"2003","issue":"3","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["perceptual latency priming","temporal order judgments","masked stimuli","unmasked stimuli","attentional interpretation","response times","location cueing","visual perception","Adult","Attention","Female","Humans","Male","Models","Psychological","Perceptual Masking","Psychometrics","Reaction Time","Task Performance and Analysis","Time Perception","Masking","Reaction Time","Response Latency","Stimulus Parameters","Visual Contrast","Attention","Cues","Priming","Temporal Frequency","Temporal Order (Judgment)"],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Four experiments investigated the influence of a metacontrast-masked prime on temporal order judgments. The main results were (1) that a masked prime reduced the latency of the mask's conscious perception (perceptual latency priming), (2) that this effect was independent of whether the prime suffered strong or weak masking, (3) that it was unaffected by the degree of visual similarity between the prime and the mask, and that (4) there was no difference between congruent and incongruent primes. Finding (1) suggests that location cueing affects not only response times but also the latency of conscious perception. (2) The finding that priming was unaffected by the prime's detectability argues against a response bias interpretation of this effect. (3) Since visual similarity had no effect on the prime's efficiency, it is unlikely that sensory priming was involved. (4) The lack of a divergence between the effects of congruent and incongruent primes implies a functional difference between t"}],"publication":"Psychological Research","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/ScharlauNeumann2003PsychResPLP.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"author":[{"id":"451","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau","first_name":"Ingrid"},{"full_name":"Neumann, Odmar","last_name":"Neumann","first_name":"Odmar"}],"volume":67,"oa":"1","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:27:08Z","citation":{"bibtex":"@article{Scharlau_Neumann_2003, title={Perceptual latency priming by masked and unmasked stimuli: Evidence for an attentional interpretation.}, volume={67}, number={3}, journal={Psychological Research}, author={Scharlau, Ingrid and Neumann, Odmar}, year={2003}, pages={184–196} }","mla":"Scharlau, Ingrid, and Odmar Neumann. “Perceptual Latency Priming by Masked and Unmasked Stimuli: Evidence for an Attentional Interpretation.” <i>Psychological Research</i>, vol. 67, no. 3, 2003, pp. 184–96.","short":"I. Scharlau, O. Neumann, Psychological Research 67 (2003) 184–196.","apa":"Scharlau, I., &#38; Neumann, O. (2003). Perceptual latency priming by masked and unmasked stimuli: Evidence for an attentional interpretation. <i>Psychological Research</i>, <i>67</i>(3), 184–196.","ama":"Scharlau I, Neumann O. Perceptual latency priming by masked and unmasked stimuli: Evidence for an attentional interpretation. <i>Psychological Research</i>. 2003;67(3):184-196.","ieee":"I. Scharlau and O. Neumann, “Perceptual latency priming by masked and unmasked stimuli: Evidence for an attentional interpretation.,” <i>Psychological Research</i>, vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 184–196, 2003.","chicago":"Scharlau, Ingrid, and Odmar Neumann. “Perceptual Latency Priming by Masked and Unmasked Stimuli: Evidence for an Attentional Interpretation.” <i>Psychological Research</i> 67, no. 3 (2003): 184–96."},"intvolume":"        67","page":"184 - 196","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0340-0727"]},"extern":"1","user_id":"42165","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"_id":"6078","status":"public","type":"journal_article"},{"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:04:28Z","title":"Influences of visibility, intentions, and probability in a peripheral cuing task.","issue":"4","year":"2002","keyword":["active intentions","cues","direct parameter specification","nonconscious processing ability","Adult","Consciousness","Female","Humans","Male","Mental Processes","Perceptual Masking","Photic Stimulation","Visual Perception","Awareness","Cognitive Processes","Cues","Intention","Consciousness States","Probability"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Consciousness and Cognition: An International Journal","abstract":[{"text":"According to the concept of direct parameter specification, nonconsciously registered information can be processed to the extent that it matches currently active intentions of a person. This prediction was tested and confirmed in the current study. Masked visual information provided by peripheral cues led to reaction time (RT) effects only if the information specified one of the required responses (Experiments 1 and 3). Information delivered by the same masked cues that did not match the intentions was not used. However, the same information influenced RT if it was provided by visible cues (Experiments 2 and 3). The results suggest that the processing of nonconsciously registered information is flexible because it is susceptible to the changing intentions of a person. Yet, these processes are apparently restricted as nonconsciously registered information cannot be used as easily for purposes not corresponding to the currently active intentions as better visible information. (PsycINFO ","lang":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2022-06-06T20:13:20Z","volume":11,"author":[{"full_name":"Ansorge, Ulrich","last_name":"Ansorge","first_name":"Ulrich"},{"first_name":"Manfred","full_name":"Heumann, Manfred","last_name":"Heumann"},{"first_name":"Ingrid","last_name":"Scharlau","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","id":"451"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1053-8100"]},"publication_status":"published","intvolume":"        11","page":"528 - 545","citation":{"chicago":"Ansorge, Ulrich, Manfred Heumann, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Influences of Visibility, Intentions, and Probability in a Peripheral Cuing Task.” <i>Consciousness and Cognition: An International Journal</i> 11, no. 4 (2002): 528–45.","ieee":"U. Ansorge, M. Heumann, and I. Scharlau, “Influences of visibility, intentions, and probability in a peripheral cuing task.,” <i>Consciousness and Cognition: An International Journal</i>, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 528–545, 2002.","ama":"Ansorge U, Heumann M, Scharlau I. Influences of visibility, intentions, and probability in a peripheral cuing task. <i>Consciousness and Cognition: An International Journal</i>. 2002;11(4):528-545.","apa":"Ansorge, U., Heumann, M., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2002). Influences of visibility, intentions, and probability in a peripheral cuing task. <i>Consciousness and Cognition: An International Journal</i>, <i>11</i>(4), 528–545.","mla":"Ansorge, Ulrich, et al. “Influences of Visibility, Intentions, and Probability in a Peripheral Cuing Task.” <i>Consciousness and Cognition: An International Journal</i>, vol. 11, no. 4, 2002, pp. 528–45.","short":"U. Ansorge, M. Heumann, I. Scharlau, Consciousness and Cognition: An International Journal 11 (2002) 528–545.","bibtex":"@article{Ansorge_Heumann_Scharlau_2002, title={Influences of visibility, intentions, and probability in a peripheral cuing task.}, volume={11}, number={4}, journal={Consciousness and Cognition: An International Journal}, author={Ansorge, Ulrich and Heumann, Manfred and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2002}, pages={528–545} }"},"_id":"6072","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"user_id":"42165","extern":"1","type":"journal_article","status":"public"}]