---
_id: '59510'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>The use of organo-catalysis in continuous-flow reactor systems is
    gaining attention in medicinal chemistry due to its cost-effectiveness and reduced
    chemical waste. In this study, bioactive curcumin (CUM) derivatives were synthesized
    in a continuously operated microfluidic reactor (MFR), using piperidine-based
    polymeric networks as catalysts. Piperidine methacrylate and piperidine acrylate
    were synthesized and subsequently copolymerized with complementary monomers (MMA
    or DMAA) and crosslinkers (EGDMA or MBAM) via photopolymerization, yielding different
    polymeric networks. Initially, batch reactions were optimized for the organo-catalytic
    Knoevenagel condensation between CUM and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, under various conditions,
    in the presence of polymer networks. Conversion was assessed using offline 1H
    NMR spectroscopy, revealing an increase in conversion with enhanced swelling properties
    of the polymer networks, which facilitated greater accessibility of catalytic
    sites. In continuous-flow MFR experiments, optimized polymer gel dots exhibited
    superior catalytic performance, achieving a conversion of up to 72%, compared
    to other compositions. This improvement was attributed to the enhanced swelling
    in the reaction mixture (DMSO/methanol, 7:3 v/v) at 40 °C over 72 h. Furthermore,
    the MFR system enabled the efficient synthesis of a series of CUM derivatives,
    demonstrating significantly higher conversion rates than traditional batch reactions.
    Notably, while batch reactions required 90% catalyst loading in the gel, the MFR
    system achieved a comparable or superior performance with only 50% catalyst, resulting
    in a higher turnover number. These findings underscore the advantages of continuous-flow
    organo-catalysis in enhancing catalytic efficiency and sustainability in organic
    synthesis.</jats:p>
article_number: '278'
author:
- first_name: Naresh
  full_name: Killi, Naresh
  last_name: Killi
- first_name: Katja
  full_name: Rumpke, Katja
  last_name: Rumpke
- first_name: Dirk
  full_name: Kuckling, Dirk
  id: '287'
  last_name: Kuckling
citation:
  ama: Killi N, Rumpke K, Kuckling D. Synthesis of Curcumin Derivatives via Knoevenagel
    Reaction Within a Continuously Driven Microfluidic Reactor Using Polymeric Networks
    Containing Piperidine as a Catalyst. <i>Gels</i>. 2025;11(4). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11040278">10.3390/gels11040278</a>
  apa: Killi, N., Rumpke, K., &#38; Kuckling, D. (2025). Synthesis of Curcumin Derivatives
    via Knoevenagel Reaction Within a Continuously Driven Microfluidic Reactor Using
    Polymeric Networks Containing Piperidine as a Catalyst. <i>Gels</i>, <i>11</i>(4),
    Article 278. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11040278">https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11040278</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Killi_Rumpke_Kuckling_2025, title={Synthesis of Curcumin Derivatives
    via Knoevenagel Reaction Within a Continuously Driven Microfluidic Reactor Using
    Polymeric Networks Containing Piperidine as a Catalyst}, volume={11}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11040278">10.3390/gels11040278</a>}, number={4278},
    journal={Gels}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Killi, Naresh and Rumpke, Katja and
    Kuckling, Dirk}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: Killi, Naresh, Katja Rumpke, and Dirk Kuckling. “Synthesis of Curcumin
    Derivatives via Knoevenagel Reaction Within a Continuously Driven Microfluidic
    Reactor Using Polymeric Networks Containing Piperidine as a Catalyst.” <i>Gels</i>
    11, no. 4 (2025). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11040278">https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11040278</a>.
  ieee: 'N. Killi, K. Rumpke, and D. Kuckling, “Synthesis of Curcumin Derivatives
    via Knoevenagel Reaction Within a Continuously Driven Microfluidic Reactor Using
    Polymeric Networks Containing Piperidine as a Catalyst,” <i>Gels</i>, vol. 11,
    no. 4, Art. no. 278, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11040278">10.3390/gels11040278</a>.'
  mla: Killi, Naresh, et al. “Synthesis of Curcumin Derivatives via Knoevenagel Reaction
    Within a Continuously Driven Microfluidic Reactor Using Polymeric Networks Containing
    Piperidine as a Catalyst.” <i>Gels</i>, vol. 11, no. 4, 278, MDPI AG, 2025, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11040278">10.3390/gels11040278</a>.
  short: N. Killi, K. Rumpke, D. Kuckling, Gels 11 (2025).
date_created: 2025-04-11T07:12:02Z
date_updated: 2025-04-11T07:13:26Z
department:
- _id: '163'
doi: 10.3390/gels11040278
intvolume: '        11'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- flow chemistry
- heterogeneous catalysis
- sustainable synthesis
- organo-catalysis
- polymeric gel dots
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/11/4/278
publication: Gels
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2310-2861
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
status: public
title: Synthesis of Curcumin Derivatives via Knoevenagel Reaction Within a Continuously
  Driven Microfluidic Reactor Using Polymeric Networks Containing Piperidine as a
  Catalyst
type: journal_article
user_id: '94'
volume: 11
year: '2025'
...