@article{66480, abstract = {{Background – This study draws on data from a larger international project exploring parents' perceptions of the education of their children with special educational needs and/or disabilities (SEND). Using responses from 1, 309 parents in Australia, England, Germany, and Norway it examines parental satisfaction with mainstream and special schools, and parents' school placement preferences, including willingness to change schools. Parental satisfaction is assessed as an overall evaluation of how well the child's school placement meets their needs, without distinguishing between specific aspects of the school experience. The study also explores whether the child's level of support is associated with these perceptions. Based on a human rights perspective, we highlight parents’ perspectives and their role in the development of more inclusive education systems, without promoting one model of schooling over another. Methods – Responses from 1, 309 parents across four countries were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Non-parametric tests compared satisfaction across school types, chi-squared tests assessed associations with willingness to change schools, and binary logistic regression examined whether level of support was associated with parents' willingness to change school placement. Results – Parents in England, Germany, and Norway reported higher satisfaction with special schools than with mainstream schools. No statistically significant difference was observed in Australia. Parents of children in special schools were less likely to report considering changing schools, particularly in England and Norway. Higher pupil support needs were significantly associated with parents’ willingness to change school across the combined sample. These findings suggest that parental satisfaction with their child's education and their preferences regarding school placement may be shaped by both school type and how well pupils' support needs are perceived to be met. Discussion and conclusion – The role of parents as key stakeholders in developing inclusive education systems, consistent with the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) is emphasised. While parents in special schools in three of the four countries reported higher satisfaction, the reasons for this remain unclear. Understanding the factors shaping parental satisfaction is essential for developing inclusive and responsive learning environments. These findings offer a starting point for future research on how education systems can better align policy commitments with families’ lived experiences.}}, author = {{Johansson, Veslemøy Maria Fossum and Gibson, Suanne and Woodcock, Stuart and Dechsling, Anders and Kullmann, Harry and Herrebrøden, Marte Karoline and Ulriksen, Line Britt and Nordahl-Hansen, Anders}}, issn = {{2504-284X}}, journal = {{Frontiers in Education}}, keywords = {{human rights, inclusion, inclusive education, international study, parents, school development, special educational needs}}, publisher = {{Frontiers Media SA}}, title = {{{Parental (dis)satisfaction with school placement to achieve inclusion: a cross-country comparison}}}, doi = {{10.3389/feduc.2026.1710708}}, volume = {{11}}, year = {{2026}}, } @article{53660, abstract = {{In this paper, a group of nine international scholars reflect on the collective responsibilities of stakeholders within inclusive educa- tional settings. This reflection was prompted by the need to identify specific elements which would support intentional, collective responsibility to support authentic inclusion for all students. In order to engender this collectivist mindset, mirroring the metaphor of the nurturing village, the group conducted a qualitative study based on structured and semi-structured dialogue, written reflec- tions and previously constructed research to inform a framework to support inclusivity more collectively. Results suggest that nurturing spaces, empathetic relationships, supportive networks and targeted teaching, all contribute to bona fide inclusion, especially if this responsibility is shared and cohesive. Data further revealed that inclusivity is a values-driven process which flourishes when all stakeholders subscribe to common values and tenets regarding socially just educational provision. The authors inculcate the vil- lage-mindset, a now popularly received notion, reinforcing the need for active and deliberate dialogue focusing on shared respon- sibilities and vision. In this paper, we intend to reiterate the need for educational systems which foster more collective, compassionate and nurturing inclusive practice in educational settings.}}, author = {{Subban, Pearl and Woodcock, Stuart and Bradford, Brent and Romano, Allesandra and Sahli Lozano, Caroline and Kullmann, Harry and Sharma, Umesh and Loreman, Tim and Avramidis, Elias}}, journal = {{Teachers and Teaching}}, keywords = {{Inclusive education, inclusive schools, collective responsibility, school community, village mindset}}, number = {{5}}, pages = {{668--683}}, title = {{{What does the village need to raise a child with additional needs? Thoughts on creating a framework to support collective inclusion}}}, doi = {{10.1080/13540602.2024.2338398}}, volume = {{30}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{43135, abstract = {{Previous research has identified the importance of teacher attitudes and self-efficacy in supporting inclusive education. This study involved a multi-national exploration of a further dimension of inclusive education, collective efficacy, through the testing of a new tool, the Teacher Efficacy for Inclusive Practice-Collective (TEIP-C) Scale. The study also aimed to investigate whether teacher attitudes, self-efficacy, collective efficacy and intention to teach in inclusive classrooms differ across countries. Participants included 1,523 teachers from Canada, Greece, Italy and Switzerland. Results suggested a two-factor structure for the TEIP-C, Engagement, and Inclusive Pedagogies, with strong internal consistency for the scale. Several differences across countries were identified, with teachers from Italy reporting more positive attitudes towards inclusion and a greater intention to teach in inclusive classrooms. Implications of the study in terms of further strengthening inclusive practice are discussed.}}, author = {{Sharma , Umesh and Loreman , Tim and May , Fiona and Romano , Alessandra and Lozano , Caroline Sahli and Avramidis , Elias and Woodcock , Stuart and Subban , Pearl and Kullmann, Harry}}, journal = {{European Journal of Special Needs Education}}, keywords = {{Inclusive education, teacher attitudes, teacher self- efficacy, collective efficacy}}, number = {{2}}, pages = {{167–184}}, title = {{{Measuring collective efficacy for inclusion in a global context}}}, doi = {{10.1080/08856257.2023.2195075}}, volume = {{39}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{66479, abstract = {{Sense of belonging at school (SoBaS) is a basic requirement for every student and a major inclusivity goal for educational institutions. In the present study, we re- port on a self-evaluation of the Laborschule Bielefeld (LS; Germany) covering ­ SoBaS. LS is an inclusive experimental comprehensive school with more than for- ty years of experience concerning a non-segregative and diversity-friendly school culture. Based on propensity score matching, the study investigated whether the SoBaS scores of the students at this inclusive experimental school (N= 115) differ from the students visiting inclusive classes in regular state-run comprehensive schools (N= 2376). Furthermore, we examined the factors in the students’ educa- tional environment at LS that may potentially influence their SoBaS. The results indicate that the students attending the LS experienced a higher SoBaS. In additi- on, certain aspects of LS's teaching and interaction culture were identified as aus- picious factors for accomplishing high levels of students’ SoBaS.}}, author = {{Marker, Rabea and Kullmann, Harry and Zentarra, Dominik and Geist, Sabine and Lütje-Klose, Birgit}}, issn = {{1866-6671}}, journal = {{Journal for Educational Research Online}}, keywords = {{sense of belonging, inclusive education, secondary school, social-emotional needs}}, number = {{2}}, pages = {{250--273}}, publisher = {{Waxmann}}, title = {{{Sense of Belonging at School as a quality measure of inclusion – Comparing the inclusive experimental school Laborschule Bielefeld with regular inclusive comprehensive schools and investigating the determining factors}}}, doi = {{10.31244/jero.2023.02.06}}, volume = {{15}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{31023, abstract = {{Research in inclusive education reveals multiple studies that explore the efforts of individual stakeholders to create an equitable educational experience for students with disabilities. However, these individual efforts are often examined discretely, compartmentalising the contributions of various stakeholders. As a consequence, the complex interplay between these contributions has not been fully explored, with the capacity for a rich network of support being assumed rather than explicitly constructed. This report draws on the personal reflections of nine academics in the field of inclusive education from Australia, Canada, Germany, Greece, Italy, and Switzerland. Serving as both contributors and participants, this study draws together their personal interpretations and their exper- tise regarding the value of collective and collaborative inclusive education. Inductive thematic analysis of participant reflections yielded the view that stakeholders working together within an educational setting, offers more effective and appropriate opportunities to support learners with additional needs.}}, author = {{Subban, Pearl and Bradford, Brent and Sharma, Umesh and Loreman, Tim and Avramidis, Elias and Kullmann, Harry and Sahli Lozano, Caroline and Romano, Alessandra and Woodcock, Stuart}}, journal = {{European Journal of Special Needs Education}}, keywords = {{Inclusive education, inclusive schools, school leadership, school community, village mindset}}, pages = {{291–302}}, title = {{{Does it really take a village to raise a child? Reflections on the need for collective responsibility in inclusive education}}}, doi = {{10.1080/08856257.2022.2059632}}, volume = {{37}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{34498, abstract = {{Ample empirical research from regular school settings documents reciprocal effects between academic performance and academic self-concept of ability (ASC), supporting what is known as a reciprocal effects model (REM). The present article investigates a REM in the domain of reading performance in a sample of elementary students with special educational needs in learning (SEN-L) who received special educational support in exclusive versus inclusive settings (N = 446). In exclusive settings, SEN-L students attend special schools and are completely separated from regular students. By contrast, SEN-L students in inclusive settings attend regular schools and are educated in classes with regular students. In both settings, SEN-L students are not graded and taught based on individual learning goals, which may affect reciprocal effects between ASC and reading performance. In addition, given that special education for SEN-L students relies heavily on individual reference standards to evaluate performance, we tested individual performance growth of SEN-L students as a predictor of ASC. Analyses of a longitudinal dataset across 3rd and 4th grade revealed some cross-lagged effects and an effect of performance growth on ASC in exclusive settings in particular. The discussion focuses on the role of individualized instruction, grades, peer groups, and individual versus social reference standards for reciprocal effects between ASC and performance as well as practical implications. }}, author = {{Gorges, Julia and Neumann, Phillip and Wild, Elke and Stranghöner, Daniela and Lütje-Klose, Birgit}}, issn = {{1041-6080}}, journal = {{Learning and Individual Differences}}, keywords = {{BiLieF, Special educational needs, Learning disability, Academic selfconcept of ability, Reciprocal effects model, Inclusive education}}, pages = {{11--20}}, publisher = {{Elsevier BV}}, title = {{{Reciprocal effects between self-concept of ability and performance: A longitudinal study of children with learning disabilities in inclusive versus exclusive elementary education}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.lindif.2017.11.005}}, volume = {{61}}, year = {{2018}}, }