---
_id: '46536'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We study the effect of education on vaccination against COVID-19 and influenza
    in Germany and Europe. Our identification strategy makes use of changes in compulsory
    schooling laws and allows to estimate local average treatment effects for individuals
    between 59 and 91 years of age. We find no significant effect of an additional
    year of schooling on vaccination status in Germany. Pooling data from Europe,
    we conclude that schooling increases the likelihood to vaccinate against COVID
    by an economically negligible effect of one percentage point (zero for influenza).
    However, we find indications that additional schooling increases fear of side
    effects from COVID vaccination.
author:
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Monsees, Daniel
  last_name: Monsees
- first_name: Hendrik
  full_name: Schmitz, Hendrik
  id: '48879'
  last_name: Schmitz
citation:
  ama: Monsees D, Schmitz H. <i>The Effect of Compulsory Schooling on Vaccination
    against COVID and Influenza</i>. Vol 1011. RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung,
    Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen;
    2023.
  apa: Monsees, D., &#38; Schmitz, H. (2023). <i>The effect of compulsory schooling
    on vaccination against COVID and Influenza</i> (Vol. 1011). RWI - Leibniz-Institut
    für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University
    of Duisburg-Essen.
  bibtex: '@book{Monsees_Schmitz_2023, series={ Ruhr Economic Papers}, title={The
    effect of compulsory schooling on vaccination against COVID and Influenza}, volume={1011},
    publisher={RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum,
    TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen}, author={Monsees, Daniel
    and Schmitz, Hendrik}, year={2023}, collection={ Ruhr Economic Papers} }'
  chicago: Monsees, Daniel, and Hendrik Schmitz. <i>The Effect of Compulsory Schooling
    on Vaccination against COVID and Influenza</i>. Vol. 1011.  Ruhr Economic Papers.
    RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund
    University, University of Duisburg-Essen, 2023.
  ieee: D. Monsees and H. Schmitz, <i>The effect of compulsory schooling on vaccination
    against COVID and Influenza</i>, vol. 1011. RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung,
    Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen,
    2023.
  mla: Monsees, Daniel, and Hendrik Schmitz. <i>The Effect of Compulsory Schooling
    on Vaccination against COVID and Influenza</i>. RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung,
    Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen,
    2023.
  short: D. Monsees, H. Schmitz, The Effect of Compulsory Schooling on Vaccination
    against COVID and Influenza, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung,
    Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen,
    2023.
date_created: 2023-08-16T09:56:03Z
date_updated: 2023-08-20T17:59:18Z
department:
- _id: '281'
- _id: '475'
intvolume: '      1011'
keyword:
- COVID
- influenza
- vaccination
- education
- compulsory schooling
language:
- iso: eng
publisher: RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum,
  TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen
series_title: ' Ruhr Economic Papers'
status: public
title: The effect of compulsory schooling on vaccination against COVID and Influenza
type: working_paper
user_id: '53779'
volume: 1011
year: '2023'
...