---
_id: '45602'
article_number: '100152'
author:
- first_name: Yasin
  full_name: Karakaya, Yasin
  id: '95069'
  last_name: Karakaya
- first_name: H.
  full_name: Somnitz, H.
  last_name: Somnitz
- first_name: A.
  full_name: Hermsen, A.
  last_name: Hermsen
- first_name: Munko
  full_name: Gonchikzhapov, Munko
  id: '94996'
  last_name: Gonchikzhapov
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7773-047X
- first_name: Tina
  full_name: Kasper, Tina
  id: '94562'
  last_name: Kasper
  orcid: '0000-0003-3993-5316 '
citation:
  ama: Karakaya Y, Somnitz H, Hermsen A, Gonchikzhapov M, Kasper T. Revisiting the
    initial reaction rates for TMS combustion and a new evidence for metastable silica
    nanoparticles in the gas-phase synthesis. <i>Applications in Energy and Combustion
    Science</i>. 2023;14. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaecs.2023.100152">10.1016/j.jaecs.2023.100152</a>
  apa: Karakaya, Y., Somnitz, H., Hermsen, A., Gonchikzhapov, M., &#38; Kasper, T.
    (2023). Revisiting the initial reaction rates for TMS combustion and a new evidence
    for metastable silica nanoparticles in the gas-phase synthesis. <i>Applications
    in Energy and Combustion Science</i>, <i>14</i>, Article 100152. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaecs.2023.100152">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaecs.2023.100152</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Karakaya_Somnitz_Hermsen_Gonchikzhapov_Kasper_2023, title={Revisiting
    the initial reaction rates for TMS combustion and a new evidence for metastable
    silica nanoparticles in the gas-phase synthesis}, volume={14}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaecs.2023.100152">10.1016/j.jaecs.2023.100152</a>},
    number={100152}, journal={Applications in Energy and Combustion Science}, publisher={Elsevier
    BV}, author={Karakaya, Yasin and Somnitz, H. and Hermsen, A. and Gonchikzhapov,
    Munko and Kasper, Tina}, year={2023} }'
  chicago: Karakaya, Yasin, H. Somnitz, A. Hermsen, Munko Gonchikzhapov, and Tina
    Kasper. “Revisiting the Initial Reaction Rates for TMS Combustion and a New Evidence
    for Metastable Silica Nanoparticles in the Gas-Phase Synthesis.” <i>Applications
    in Energy and Combustion Science</i> 14 (2023). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaecs.2023.100152">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaecs.2023.100152</a>.
  ieee: 'Y. Karakaya, H. Somnitz, A. Hermsen, M. Gonchikzhapov, and T. Kasper, “Revisiting
    the initial reaction rates for TMS combustion and a new evidence for metastable
    silica nanoparticles in the gas-phase synthesis,” <i>Applications in Energy and
    Combustion Science</i>, vol. 14, Art. no. 100152, 2023, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaecs.2023.100152">10.1016/j.jaecs.2023.100152</a>.'
  mla: Karakaya, Yasin, et al. “Revisiting the Initial Reaction Rates for TMS Combustion
    and a New Evidence for Metastable Silica Nanoparticles in the Gas-Phase Synthesis.”
    <i>Applications in Energy and Combustion Science</i>, vol. 14, 100152, Elsevier
    BV, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaecs.2023.100152">10.1016/j.jaecs.2023.100152</a>.
  short: Y. Karakaya, H. Somnitz, A. Hermsen, M. Gonchikzhapov, T. Kasper, Applications
    in Energy and Combustion Science 14 (2023).
date_created: 2023-06-13T18:32:33Z
date_updated: 2023-08-22T20:03:29Z
department:
- _id: '728'
doi: 10.1016/j.jaecs.2023.100152
intvolume: '        14'
keyword:
- Metastable particles
- Nanomaterials
- Quartz-crystal-microbalance
- Molecular-beam mass spectrometry
- Tetramethylsilane
- Reaction kinetics
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666352X23000419
oa: '1'
publication: Applications in Energy and Combustion Science
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2666-352X
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Revisiting the initial reaction rates for TMS combustion and a new evidence
  for metastable silica nanoparticles in the gas-phase synthesis
type: journal_article
user_id: '94996'
volume: 14
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '62813'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Nanostructured manganese oxides have a rich variety of morphologies and crystal
    phases which can undergo transformations during synthesis and application. Although
    these structural features are crucial for their performance, the mechanisms behind
    such transitions are not well understood. Herein, we describe the mechanism of
    transformation from layered 2D δ-MnO2 nanosheets to the scarcely reported γ-MnO2
    nanocone morphology. Despite the common purpose of introducing Fe dopants to enhance
    the conductivity of layered manganese oxides, the Fe galvanic exchange reaction
    was found responsible for such coupled phase/morphology transition. Electrochemical
    characterization confirmed a distinct electrochemical behaviour of the nanocones,
    emphasizing the need to unravel the mechanism of 2D MnO2 transformation. Such
    mechanistic insights were gained by systematic and rigorous electron microscopy
    studies. The effect of the local chemical composition was determined by energy
    dispersive X-ray spectroscopy while electron energy loss spectroscopy unravelled
    the key influence of the oxidation state of Mn ions within nanosheets and nanocones.
    We propose and demonstrate a Mn2+-mediated oxidative mechanism of coupled morphology/phase
    transformation subjected to the equilibrium of Fe and Mn ions during galvanic
    exchange reaction. These findings contribute to the understanding of the growth
    and morphology/phase transformations of manganese oxide nanostructures, providing
    insights for the rational design of nanomaterials.
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Raquel
  full_name: Aymerich-Armengol, Raquel
  last_name: Aymerich-Armengol
- first_name: Paolo
  full_name: Cignoni, Paolo
  last_name: Cignoni
- first_name: Petra
  full_name: Ebbinghaus, Petra
  last_name: Ebbinghaus
- first_name: Julia
  full_name: Linnemann, Julia
  id: '116779'
  last_name: Linnemann
  orcid: 0000-0001-6883-5424
- first_name: Martin
  full_name: Rabe, Martin
  last_name: Rabe
- first_name: Kristina
  full_name: Tschulik, Kristina
  last_name: Tschulik
- first_name: Christina
  full_name: Scheu, Christina
  last_name: Scheu
- first_name: Joohyun
  full_name: Lim, Joohyun
  last_name: Lim
citation:
  ama: Aymerich-Armengol R, Cignoni P, Ebbinghaus P, et al. Mechanism of coupled phase/morphology
    transformation of 2D manganese oxides through Fe galvanic exchange reaction. <i>Journal
    of Materials Chemistry A</i>. 2022;10(45):24190-24198. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ta06552e">10.1039/d2ta06552e</a>
  apa: Aymerich-Armengol, R., Cignoni, P., Ebbinghaus, P., Linnemann, J., Rabe, M.,
    Tschulik, K., Scheu, C., &#38; Lim, J. (2022). Mechanism of coupled phase/morphology
    transformation of 2D manganese oxides through Fe galvanic exchange reaction. <i>Journal
    of Materials Chemistry A</i>, <i>10</i>(45), 24190–24198. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ta06552e">https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ta06552e</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Aymerich-Armengol_Cignoni_Ebbinghaus_Linnemann_Rabe_Tschulik_Scheu_Lim_2022,
    title={Mechanism of coupled phase/morphology transformation of 2D manganese oxides
    through Fe galvanic exchange reaction}, volume={10}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ta06552e">10.1039/d2ta06552e</a>},
    number={45}, journal={Journal of Materials Chemistry A}, publisher={Royal Society
    of Chemistry (RSC)}, author={Aymerich-Armengol, Raquel and Cignoni, Paolo and
    Ebbinghaus, Petra and Linnemann, Julia and Rabe, Martin and Tschulik, Kristina
    and Scheu, Christina and Lim, Joohyun}, year={2022}, pages={24190–24198} }'
  chicago: 'Aymerich-Armengol, Raquel, Paolo Cignoni, Petra Ebbinghaus, Julia Linnemann,
    Martin Rabe, Kristina Tschulik, Christina Scheu, and Joohyun Lim. “Mechanism of
    Coupled Phase/Morphology Transformation of 2D Manganese Oxides through Fe Galvanic
    Exchange Reaction.” <i>Journal of Materials Chemistry A</i> 10, no. 45 (2022):
    24190–98. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ta06552e">https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ta06552e</a>.'
  ieee: 'R. Aymerich-Armengol <i>et al.</i>, “Mechanism of coupled phase/morphology
    transformation of 2D manganese oxides through Fe galvanic exchange reaction,”
    <i>Journal of Materials Chemistry A</i>, vol. 10, no. 45, pp. 24190–24198, 2022,
    doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ta06552e">10.1039/d2ta06552e</a>.'
  mla: Aymerich-Armengol, Raquel, et al. “Mechanism of Coupled Phase/Morphology Transformation
    of 2D Manganese Oxides through Fe Galvanic Exchange Reaction.” <i>Journal of Materials
    Chemistry A</i>, vol. 10, no. 45, Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), 2022, pp.
    24190–98, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ta06552e">10.1039/d2ta06552e</a>.
  short: R. Aymerich-Armengol, P. Cignoni, P. Ebbinghaus, J. Linnemann, M. Rabe, K.
    Tschulik, C. Scheu, J. Lim, Journal of Materials Chemistry A 10 (2022) 24190–24198.
date_created: 2025-12-03T16:02:15Z
date_updated: 2025-12-03T16:30:43Z
department:
- _id: '985'
doi: 10.1039/d2ta06552e
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        10'
issue: '45'
keyword:
- manganese oxide
- nanomaterials
- TEM
- supercapacitors
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
oa: '1'
page: 24190-24198
publication: Journal of Materials Chemistry A
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2050-7488
  - 2050-7496
publication_status: published
publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Mechanism of coupled phase/morphology transformation of 2D manganese oxides
  through Fe galvanic exchange reaction
type: journal_article
user_id: '116779'
volume: 10
year: '2022'
...