---
_id: '53166'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>The Knoevenagel reaction is a classic reaction in organic chemistry
    for the formation of C-C bonds. In this study, various catalytic monomers for
    Knoevenagel reactions were synthesized and polymerized via photolithography to
    form polymeric gel dots with a composition of 90% catalyst, 9% gelling agent and
    1% crosslinker. Furthermore, these gel dots were inserted into a microfluidic
    reactor (MFR) and the conversion of the reaction using gel dots as catalysts in
    the MFR for 8 h at room temperature was studied. The gel dots containing primary
    amines showed a better conversion of about 83–90% with aliphatic aldehyde and
    86–100% with aromatic aldehyde, compared to the tertiary amines (52–59% with aliphatic
    aldehyde and 77–93% with aromatic aldehydes) which resembles the reactivity of
    the amines. Moreover, the addition of polar solvent (water) in the reaction mixture
    and the swelling properties of the gel dots by altering the polymer backbone showed
    a significant enhancement in the conversion of the reaction, due to the increased
    accessibility of the catalytic sites in the polymeric network. These results suggested
    the primary-amine-based catalysts facilitate better conversion compared to tertiary
    amines and the reaction solvent had a significant influence on organocatalysis
    to improve the efficiency of MFR.</jats:p>
article_number: '171'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Naresh
  full_name: Killi, Naresh
  last_name: Killi
- first_name: Julian
  full_name: Bartenbach, Julian
  last_name: Bartenbach
- first_name: Dirk
  full_name: Kuckling, Dirk
  id: '287'
  last_name: Kuckling
citation:
  ama: Killi N, Bartenbach J, Kuckling D. Polymeric Networks Containing Amine Derivatives
    as Organocatalysts for Knoevenagel Reaction within Continuously Driven Microfluidic
    Reactors. <i>Gels</i>. 2023;9(3). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9030171">10.3390/gels9030171</a>
  apa: Killi, N., Bartenbach, J., &#38; Kuckling, D. (2023). Polymeric Networks Containing
    Amine Derivatives as Organocatalysts for Knoevenagel Reaction within Continuously
    Driven Microfluidic Reactors. <i>Gels</i>, <i>9</i>(3), Article 171. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9030171">https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9030171</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Killi_Bartenbach_Kuckling_2023, title={Polymeric Networks Containing
    Amine Derivatives as Organocatalysts for Knoevenagel Reaction within Continuously
    Driven Microfluidic Reactors}, volume={9}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9030171">10.3390/gels9030171</a>},
    number={3171}, journal={Gels}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Killi, Naresh and
    Bartenbach, Julian and Kuckling, Dirk}, year={2023} }'
  chicago: Killi, Naresh, Julian Bartenbach, and Dirk Kuckling. “Polymeric Networks
    Containing Amine Derivatives as Organocatalysts for Knoevenagel Reaction within
    Continuously Driven Microfluidic Reactors.” <i>Gels</i> 9, no. 3 (2023). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9030171">https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9030171</a>.
  ieee: 'N. Killi, J. Bartenbach, and D. Kuckling, “Polymeric Networks Containing
    Amine Derivatives as Organocatalysts for Knoevenagel Reaction within Continuously
    Driven Microfluidic Reactors,” <i>Gels</i>, vol. 9, no. 3, Art. no. 171, 2023,
    doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9030171">10.3390/gels9030171</a>.'
  mla: Killi, Naresh, et al. “Polymeric Networks Containing Amine Derivatives as Organocatalysts
    for Knoevenagel Reaction within Continuously Driven Microfluidic Reactors.” <i>Gels</i>,
    vol. 9, no. 3, 171, MDPI AG, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9030171">10.3390/gels9030171</a>.
  short: N. Killi, J. Bartenbach, D. Kuckling, Gels 9 (2023).
date_created: 2024-04-03T11:06:26Z
date_updated: 2024-04-03T11:07:31Z
department:
- _id: '163'
doi: 10.3390/gels9030171
intvolume: '         9'
issue: '3'
keyword:
- Knoevenagel reaction
- organocatalysis
- polymeric gel dots
- microfluidic reactions
- polymeric networks
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Gels
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2310-2861
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
status: public
title: Polymeric Networks Containing Amine Derivatives as Organocatalysts for Knoevenagel
  Reaction within Continuously Driven Microfluidic Reactors
type: journal_article
user_id: '94'
volume: 9
year: '2023'
...