[{"quality_controlled":"1","citation":{"mla":"Kletetzka, Ivo, et al. “Assessing the Impact of the Powder Production Method on Ceramic-Filled Polyamide Composites Made by Laser Sintering.” <i>Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, edited by Joseph Beaman, 2023, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50931\">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50931</a>.","ama":"Kletetzka I, Neitzel F, Schmid H-J. Assessing the Impact of the Powder Production Method on Ceramic-filled Polyamide Composites made by Laser Sintering. In: Beaman J, ed. <i>Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>. ; 2023. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50931\">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50931</a>","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Kletetzka_Neitzel_Schmid_2023, place={Laboratory for Freeform Fabrication and University of Texas, Austin}, title={Assessing the Impact of the Powder Production Method on Ceramic-filled Polyamide Composites made by Laser Sintering}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50931\">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50931</a>}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium}, author={Kletetzka, Ivo and Neitzel, Fabian and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, editor={Beaman, Joseph}, year={2023} }","apa":"Kletetzka, I., Neitzel, F., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2023). Assessing the Impact of the Powder Production Method on Ceramic-filled Polyamide Composites made by Laser Sintering. In J. Beaman (Ed.), <i>Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50931\">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50931</a>","ieee":"I. Kletetzka, F. Neitzel, and H.-J. Schmid, “Assessing the Impact of the Powder Production Method on Ceramic-filled Polyamide Composites made by Laser Sintering,” in <i>Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, Austin, 2023, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50931\">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50931</a>.","chicago":"Kletetzka, Ivo, Fabian Neitzel, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Assessing the Impact of the Powder Production Method on Ceramic-Filled Polyamide Composites Made by Laser Sintering.” In <i>Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, edited by Joseph Beaman. Laboratory for Freeform Fabrication and University of Texas, Austin, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50931\">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50931</a>.","short":"I. Kletetzka, F. Neitzel, H.-J. Schmid, in: J. Beaman (Ed.), Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, Laboratory for Freeform Fabrication and University of Texas, Austin, 2023."},"oa":"1","place":"Laboratory for Freeform Fabrication and University of Texas, Austin","status":"public","conference":{"end_date":"2023-08-16","location":"Austin","name":"34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium","start_date":"2023-08-14"},"user_id":"50769","editor":[{"full_name":"Beaman, Joseph","last_name":"Beaman","first_name":"Joseph"}],"_id":"51218","abstract":[{"text":"Polymer composites represent the industry standard in injection molding for the production of plastic components with increased requirements in terms of heat resistance and stiffness. In the field of laser sintering (LS), these materials are less common so far. In order to extend the available material variety for the LS process, new ceramic-filled Polyamide 613 powders are investigated within the scope of this work. Here, the resulting properties from two different powder production methods are compared. One filled powder is produced by dry blending and the other powder with the same filler and filling ratio is produced by encapsulating the filler particles inside the polymer particles within the dissolution-precipitation process. It was found that encapsulating the filler particles can provide certain benefits for the processability, for example an improved powder flowability or better filler dispersion. However, encapsulating the filler also alters the thermal properties of the precipitated powder. ","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium","type":"conference","keyword":["Additive Manufacturing","Laser Sintering","Filled Materials","Composites","Polyamide 613"],"department":[{"_id":"150"},{"_id":"219"},{"_id":"624"},{"_id":"9"}],"date_created":"2024-02-07T13:59:25Z","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2024-04-02T12:46:08Z","year":"2023","title":"Assessing the Impact of the Powder Production Method on Ceramic-filled Polyamide Composites made by Laser Sintering","author":[{"id":"50769","last_name":"Kletetzka","first_name":"Ivo","full_name":"Kletetzka, Ivo"},{"id":"72307","full_name":"Neitzel, Fabian","last_name":"Neitzel","orcid":"0009-0004-8412-3645 ","first_name":"Fabian"},{"last_name":"Schmid","orcid":"000-0001-8590-1921","first_name":"Hans-Joachim","full_name":"Schmid, Hans-Joachim","id":"464"}],"doi":"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50931","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.sffsymposium.org/","open_access":"1"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"doi":"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.sffsymposium.org/"}],"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2024-04-02T12:43:51Z","author":[{"full_name":"Neitzel, Fabian","orcid":"0009-0004-8412-3645 ","last_name":"Neitzel","first_name":"Fabian","id":"72307"},{"id":"50769","full_name":"Kletetzka, Ivo","first_name":"Ivo","last_name":"Kletetzka"},{"last_name":"Schmid","first_name":"Hans-Joachim","orcid":"000-0001-8590-1921","full_name":"Schmid, Hans-Joachim","id":"464"}],"title":"Halogen-Free Flame Retardant Powder Materials for Laser Sintering: Evaluation and Process Stability Analysis","year":"2023","department":[{"_id":"150"},{"_id":"219"},{"_id":"624"},{"_id":"9"}],"keyword":["Additive Manufacturing","Laser Sintering","Flame Retardant","Polyamide 12"],"type":"conference","date_created":"2023-09-07T12:11:51Z","abstract":[{"text":"The high flammability of components manufactured by laser sintering (LS) using standard polyamide 12 (PA12) powder still severely restricts their use in industries such as electronics, aviation, and transportation. A key factor for the further establishment of LS is the expansion of the material portfolio with, for example, refreshable and halogen-free flame-retardant (FR) powder materials. Accordingly, various halogen-free FRs are investigated in this work and evaluated with respect to their use in LS. First, their decomposition behavior and mode of action are examined. Subsequently, the additives are dry blended with PA12 to investigate properties relevant for LS, such as particle morphology, thermal behavior and melt viscosity. Afterwards, test specimens for UL94 vertical flame-retardancy tests are produced by processing the dry blends on an EOS P3 LS system. Finally, the process stability of the process-aged powder blends is investigated by again examining the thermal behavior and melt viscosity.","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium","editor":[{"full_name":"Beaman, Joseph","last_name":"Beaman","first_name":"Joseph"}],"user_id":"72307","_id":"46862","conference":{"end_date":"2023-08-16","start_date":"2023-08-14","name":"34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium","location":"Austin"},"status":"public","oa":"1","place":"Laboratory for Freeform Fabrication and University of Texas, Austin","quality_controlled":"1","citation":{"apa":"Neitzel, F., Kletetzka, I., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2023). Halogen-Free Flame Retardant Powder Materials for Laser Sintering: Evaluation and Process Stability Analysis. In J. Beaman (Ed.), <i>Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926\">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926</a>","ieee":"F. Neitzel, I. Kletetzka, and H.-J. Schmid, “Halogen-Free Flame Retardant Powder Materials for Laser Sintering: Evaluation and Process Stability Analysis,” in <i>Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, Austin, 2023, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926\">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926</a>.","short":"F. Neitzel, I. Kletetzka, H.-J. Schmid, in: J. Beaman (Ed.), Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, Laboratory for Freeform Fabrication and University of Texas, Austin, 2023.","chicago":"Neitzel, Fabian, Ivo Kletetzka, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Halogen-Free Flame Retardant Powder Materials for Laser Sintering: Evaluation and Process Stability Analysis.” In <i>Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, edited by Joseph Beaman. Laboratory for Freeform Fabrication and University of Texas, Austin, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926\">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926</a>.","mla":"Neitzel, Fabian, et al. “Halogen-Free Flame Retardant Powder Materials for Laser Sintering: Evaluation and Process Stability Analysis.” <i>Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, edited by Joseph Beaman, 2023, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926\">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926</a>.","ama":"Neitzel F, Kletetzka I, Schmid H-J. Halogen-Free Flame Retardant Powder Materials for Laser Sintering: Evaluation and Process Stability Analysis. In: Beaman J, ed. <i>Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>. ; 2023. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926\">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926</a>","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Neitzel_Kletetzka_Schmid_2023, place={Laboratory for Freeform Fabrication and University of Texas, Austin}, title={Halogen-Free Flame Retardant Powder Materials for Laser Sintering: Evaluation and Process Stability Analysis}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926\">https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/50926</a>}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 34th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium}, author={Neitzel, Fabian and Kletetzka, Ivo and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, editor={Beaman, Joseph}, year={2023} }"}},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00170-023-11243-1","open_access":"1"}],"doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11243-1","author":[{"full_name":"Klippstein, Sven Helge","last_name":"Klippstein","first_name":"Sven Helge","id":"71545"},{"id":"50769","last_name":"Kletetzka","first_name":"Ivo","full_name":"Kletetzka, Ivo"},{"full_name":"Sural, Ilknur","first_name":"Ilknur","last_name":"Sural"},{"id":"464","orcid":"000-0001-8590-1921","last_name":"Schmid","first_name":"Hans-Joachim","full_name":"Schmid, Hans-Joachim"}],"title":"Influence of a prolonged shelf time on PA12 laser sintering powder and resulting part properties","year":"2023","date_updated":"2023-09-07T11:57:59Z","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2023-03-18T14:28:46Z","department":[{"_id":"150"},{"_id":"624"},{"_id":"219"},{"_id":"9"}],"type":"journal_article","keyword":["Selective laser sintering","Shelf life","Polyamide 12","powder","PA2200","material ageing"],"publication":"The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology ","abstract":[{"text":"In the laser sintering technology, the semi-crystalline polymer material is exposed to elevated temperatures during processing, which leads to serious material ageing for most materials. This has already been investigated intensively by various authors. However, the ageing of the material at ambient temperatures during shelf life has not been the focus so far. The need to analyse the shelf life can be derived from an ecological and economic point of view. This work is focusing on the shelf life of PA2200 (PA12). To reduce the potential influences of powder production fluctuations, two different powder batches stored for 5.5 years and 6.5 years are investigated and compared to a reference powder produced 0.5 years before these investigations. Multiple powder analyses and part characterisations have been performed. A significant yellowing and molecular chain length reduction can be derived from the measurement results. Whereas the influence on mechanical part performance was minor, the parts built with the stored powders are more yellowish. As it is most likely that this is due to the consumption of polyamide stabilisers, it can be assumed that these parts will be subject to significantly faster ageing. Therefore, it is still not recommended to use the stored powders for critical parts or light intense and humid environments.","lang":"eng"}],"publisher":"Springer","_id":"43046","user_id":"50769","status":"public","oa":"1","citation":{"ieee":"S. H. Klippstein, I. Kletetzka, I. Sural, and H.-J. Schmid, “Influence of a prolonged shelf time on PA12 laser sintering powder and resulting part properties,” <i>The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology </i>, 2023, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11243-1\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11243-1</a>.","apa":"Klippstein, S. H., Kletetzka, I., Sural, I., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2023). Influence of a prolonged shelf time on PA12 laser sintering powder and resulting part properties. <i>The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology </i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11243-1\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11243-1</a>","mla":"Klippstein, Sven Helge, et al. “Influence of a Prolonged Shelf Time on PA12 Laser Sintering Powder and Resulting Part Properties.” <i>The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology </i>, Springer, 2023, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11243-1\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11243-1</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Klippstein_Kletetzka_Sural_Schmid_2023, title={Influence of a prolonged shelf time on PA12 laser sintering powder and resulting part properties}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11243-1\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11243-1</a>}, journal={The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology }, publisher={Springer}, author={Klippstein, Sven Helge and Kletetzka, Ivo and Sural, Ilknur and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, year={2023} }","chicago":"Klippstein, Sven Helge, Ivo Kletetzka, Ilknur Sural, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Influence of a Prolonged Shelf Time on PA12 Laser Sintering Powder and Resulting Part Properties.” <i>The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology </i>, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11243-1\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11243-1</a>.","short":"S.H. Klippstein, I. Kletetzka, I. Sural, H.-J. Schmid, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology  (2023).","ama":"Klippstein SH, Kletetzka I, Sural I, Schmid H-J. Influence of a prolonged shelf time on PA12 laser sintering powder and resulting part properties. <i>The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology </i>. Published online 2023. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11243-1\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11243-1</a>"},"quality_controlled":"1"},{"citation":{"chicago":"Menge, Dennis, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Low Temperature Laser Sintering on a Standard System: First Attempts and Results with PA12,” 2021.","short":"D. Menge, H.-J. Schmid, in: 2021.","apa":"Menge, D., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2021). <i>Low Temperature Laser Sintering on a Standard System: First Attempts and Results with PA12</i>. Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, Austin, TX.","ieee":"D. Menge and H.-J. Schmid, “Low Temperature Laser Sintering on a Standard System: First Attempts and Results with PA12,” presented at the Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, Austin, TX, 2021.","ama":"Menge D, Schmid H-J. Low Temperature Laser Sintering on a Standard System: First Attempts and Results with PA12. In: ; 2021.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Menge_Schmid_2021, title={Low Temperature Laser Sintering on a Standard System: First Attempts and Results with PA12}, author={Menge, Dennis and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, year={2021} }","mla":"Menge, Dennis, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. <i>Low Temperature Laser Sintering on a Standard System: First Attempts and Results with PA12</i>. 2021."},"abstract":[{"text":"The laser sintering process has been a well-established AM process for many years.\r\nDisadvantages of LS are the low material variety and the thermal damage of the unprocessed\r\nmaterial. The low temperature laser sintering attacks at this point and processes powder material at\r\na build chamber temperature lower than the recrystallization temperature. This drastic reduction in\r\ntemperature results in significantly less thermal damage to the material. This work deals with the\r\nlow temperature laser sintering of Polyamide 12 (PA12) on a commercial, unmodified laser\r\nsintering system to compare it to standard laser sintered PA12 and to create the basis for low\r\ntemperature laser sintering of high temperature materials on such a system. First results by\r\nchanging the exposure parameters and by fixing parts on a building platform show a processing of\r\nPA12 on an EOS P396 at a build chamber temperature less than 100 °C instead of standard approx.\r\n175 °C.","lang":"eng"}],"date_created":"2021-09-03T13:19:26Z","keyword":["Low Temp LS","Low Temperature Laser Sintering","Polyamid 12"],"type":"conference","oa":"1","department":[{"_id":"150"},{"_id":"219"},{"_id":"624"}],"status":"public","year":"2021","title":"Low Temperature Laser Sintering on a Standard System: First Attempts and Results with PA12","conference":{"start_date":"2021-08-02","name":"Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium","location":"Austin, TX","end_date":"2021-08-04"},"author":[{"id":"29240","full_name":"Menge, Dennis","last_name":"Menge","first_name":"Dennis"},{"last_name":"Schmid","first_name":"Hans-Joachim","full_name":"Schmid, Hans-Joachim","id":"464"}],"date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:55:59Z","main_file_link":[{"url":"http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2021/052%20Low%20Temperature%20Laser%20Sintering%20on%20a%20Standard%20Syst.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"23760","user_id":"29240"},{"date_created":"2021-09-21T11:23:29Z","type":"dissertation","keyword":["Additive Manufacturing","Polymer Laser Sintering","Polymer Science"],"department":[{"_id":"150"},{"_id":"624"},{"_id":"219"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Polymer Laser Sintering (LS) is one of the most used Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies for the tool-less production of polymer parts. The raw material is a polymer powder which is melted layerwise by the use of laser energy. Especially for the production of single parts, small series, individualized and complex structures, the technology is yet established in few branches. However, inhomogeneous and hardly controllable thermal effects during manufacturing limit the build reproducibility. The present work focuses on temperatures within so-called part cakes, their time dependency and their influence on process quality. Therefore, a temperature measurement system is implemented into a commercial laser sintering machine. Based on the experimental data a model to simulate heat transfer within part cakes is set up. Individual thermal histories during processing are successfully correlated with position dependent powder ageing effects. Another focus is on the analysis of a recycling optimized material. First results of correlations between thermal histories and part properties are shown in order to provide an outlook to further research. The data and knowledge gained through this work can be used to understand thermal effects in greater depth and to increase the process quality via optimizations.","lang":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.shaker.de/de/content/catalogue/index.asp?lang=de&ID=8&ISBN=978-3-8440-6720-0&search=yes"}],"series_title":"Forschungsberichte des Direct Manufacturing Research Centers","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"title":"On the Influence of Thermal Histories within Part Cakes on the Polymer Laser Sintering Process","year":"2019","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-3-8440-6720-0"]},"author":[{"last_name":"Josupeit","first_name":"Stefan","full_name":"Josupeit, Stefan"}],"date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:56:34Z","intvolume":"        11","place":"Düren","supervisor":[{"full_name":"Schmid, Hans-Joachim","last_name":"Schmid","first_name":"Hans-Joachim","id":"464"}],"citation":{"ieee":"S. Josupeit, <i>On the Influence of Thermal Histories within Part Cakes on the Polymer Laser Sintering Process</i>, vol. 11. Düren: Shaker Verlag GmbH, 2019.","mla":"Josupeit, Stefan. <i>On the Influence of Thermal Histories within Part Cakes on the Polymer Laser Sintering Process</i>. Shaker Verlag GmbH, 2019.","apa":"Josupeit, S. (2019). <i>On the Influence of Thermal Histories within Part Cakes on the Polymer Laser Sintering Process</i> (Vol. 11). Shaker Verlag GmbH.","bibtex":"@book{Josupeit_2019, place={Düren}, series={Forschungsberichte des Direct Manufacturing Research Centers}, title={On the Influence of Thermal Histories within Part Cakes on the Polymer Laser Sintering Process}, volume={11}, publisher={Shaker Verlag GmbH}, author={Josupeit, Stefan}, year={2019}, collection={Forschungsberichte des Direct Manufacturing Research Centers} }","chicago":"Josupeit, Stefan. <i>On the Influence of Thermal Histories within Part Cakes on the Polymer Laser Sintering Process</i>. Vol. 11. Forschungsberichte Des Direct Manufacturing Research Centers. Düren: Shaker Verlag GmbH, 2019.","ama":"Josupeit S. <i>On the Influence of Thermal Histories within Part Cakes on the Polymer Laser Sintering Process</i>. Vol 11. Shaker Verlag GmbH; 2019.","short":"S. Josupeit, On the Influence of Thermal Histories within Part Cakes on the Polymer Laser Sintering Process, Shaker Verlag GmbH, Düren, 2019."},"page":"178","publisher":"Shaker Verlag GmbH","_id":"24753","user_id":"71545","volume":11,"status":"public"},{"doi":"10.1109/TUFFC.2014.6722608","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2019-09-16T10:53:17Z","intvolume":"        61","year":"2014","title":"Synthesis of lead-free piezoelectric powders by ultrasonic-assisted hydrothermal method and properties of sintered (K0.48Na0.52)NBO3 ceramics","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0885-3010"]},"author":[{"full_name":"Isobe, G.","last_name":"Isobe","first_name":"G."},{"full_name":"Maeda, Takafumi","first_name":"Takafumi","last_name":"Maeda"},{"full_name":"Bornmann, Peter","first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Bornmann"},{"id":"210","full_name":"Hemsel, Tobias","last_name":"Hemsel","first_name":"Tobias"},{"full_name":"Morita, Takeshi","first_name":"Takeshi","last_name":"Morita"}],"keyword":["Q-factor","ceramics","crystal growth from solution","particle size","piezoelectric materials","potassium compounds","powders","sintering","sodium compounds","ultrasonic effects","(K0.48Na0.52)NbO3","KNbO3 powders","NaNbO3 powders","high-power ultrasonic irradiation","lead-free piezoelectric materials","lead-free piezoelectric powders","particle size reduction","piezoelectric properties","quality factor","sintered (K0.48Na0.52)NbO3 ceramics","sintering","ultrasonic-assisted hydrothermal method","Acoustics","Ceramics","Lead","Piezoelectric materials","Powders","Radiation effects","Transducers"],"type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"151"}],"date_created":"2019-05-20T13:10:14Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"(K,Na)NbO3 ceramics have attracted much attention as lead-free piezoelectric materials with high piezoelectric properties. High-quality (K,Na)NbO3 ceramics can be sintered using KNbO3 and NaNbO3 powders synthesized by a hydrothermal method. In this study, to enhance the quality factor of the ceramics, high-power ultrasonic irradiation was employed during the hydrothermal method, which led to a reduction in the particle size of the resultant powders."}],"publication":"Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, IEEE Transactions on","issue":"2","user_id":"55222","volume":61,"page":"225-230","_id":"9878","status":"public","quality_controlled":"1","citation":{"ama":"Isobe G, Maeda T, Bornmann P, Hemsel T, Morita T. Synthesis of lead-free piezoelectric powders by ultrasonic-assisted hydrothermal method and properties of sintered (K0.48Na0.52)NBO3 ceramics. <i>Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, IEEE Transactions on</i>. 2014;61(2):225-230. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2014.6722608\">10.1109/TUFFC.2014.6722608</a>","bibtex":"@article{Isobe_Maeda_Bornmann_Hemsel_Morita_2014, title={Synthesis of lead-free piezoelectric powders by ultrasonic-assisted hydrothermal method and properties of sintered (K0.48Na0.52)NBO3 ceramics}, volume={61}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2014.6722608\">10.1109/TUFFC.2014.6722608</a>}, number={2}, journal={Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, IEEE Transactions on}, author={Isobe, G. and Maeda, Takafumi and Bornmann, Peter and Hemsel, Tobias and Morita, Takeshi}, year={2014}, pages={225–230} }","mla":"Isobe, G., et al. “Synthesis of Lead-Free Piezoelectric Powders by Ultrasonic-Assisted Hydrothermal Method and Properties of Sintered (K0.48Na0.52)NBO3 Ceramics.” <i>Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, IEEE Transactions On</i>, vol. 61, no. 2, 2014, pp. 225–30, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2014.6722608\">10.1109/TUFFC.2014.6722608</a>.","chicago":"Isobe, G., Takafumi Maeda, Peter Bornmann, Tobias Hemsel, and Takeshi Morita. “Synthesis of Lead-Free Piezoelectric Powders by Ultrasonic-Assisted Hydrothermal Method and Properties of Sintered (K0.48Na0.52)NBO3 Ceramics.” <i>Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, IEEE Transactions On</i> 61, no. 2 (2014): 225–30. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2014.6722608\">https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2014.6722608</a>.","short":"G. Isobe, T. Maeda, P. Bornmann, T. Hemsel, T. Morita, Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, IEEE Transactions On 61 (2014) 225–230.","apa":"Isobe, G., Maeda, T., Bornmann, P., Hemsel, T., &#38; Morita, T. (2014). Synthesis of lead-free piezoelectric powders by ultrasonic-assisted hydrothermal method and properties of sintered (K0.48Na0.52)NBO3 ceramics. <i>Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, IEEE Transactions On</i>, <i>61</i>(2), 225–230. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2014.6722608\">https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2014.6722608</a>","ieee":"G. Isobe, T. Maeda, P. Bornmann, T. Hemsel, and T. Morita, “Synthesis of lead-free piezoelectric powders by ultrasonic-assisted hydrothermal method and properties of sintered (K0.48Na0.52)NBO3 ceramics,” <i>Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control, IEEE Transactions on</i>, vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 225–230, 2014."}},{"date_updated":"2022-01-06T07:04:20Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1948-5719"]},"author":[{"full_name":"Maeda, Takafumi","last_name":"Maeda","first_name":"Takafumi"},{"last_name":"Bornmann","first_name":"Peter","full_name":"Bornmann, Peter"},{"id":"210","full_name":"Hemsel, Tobias","last_name":"Hemsel","first_name":"Tobias"},{"last_name":"Morita","first_name":"Takeshi","full_name":"Morita, Takeshi"}],"status":"public","title":"Piezoelectric applications of hydrothermal lead-free (K0.48Na0.52)NbO3 ceramics","year":"2012","user_id":"55222","doi":"10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0048","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"9788","page":"194-195","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"A hydrothermal method utilizes a crystallization process in the solution so that the pure and high-quality powders can be realized. Sintering from the hydrothermal KNbO3 and NaNbO3 powders, a high-dense lead-free piezoelectric (K,Na)NbO3 ceramics could be obtained (density: 98.8\\%). Concerning about the g33 constant, high value as large as commercial PZT ceramics was measured. Therefore, the hydrothermal (K,Na)NbO3 ceramics is usable for the sensors and the energy harvesting devices. To demonstrate the (K,Na)NbO3 ceramics, a hydrophone sensor was fabricated and evaluated."}],"quality_controlled":"1","citation":{"ama":"Maeda T, Bornmann P, Hemsel T, Morita T. Piezoelectric applications of hydrothermal lead-free (K0.48Na0.52)NbO3 ceramics. In: <i>Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), 2012 IEEE International</i>. ; 2012:194-195. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0048\">10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0048</a>","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Maeda_Bornmann_Hemsel_Morita_2012, title={Piezoelectric applications of hydrothermal lead-free (K0.48Na0.52)NbO3 ceramics}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0048\">10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0048</a>}, booktitle={Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), 2012 IEEE International}, author={Maeda, Takafumi and Bornmann, Peter and Hemsel, Tobias and Morita, Takeshi}, year={2012}, pages={194–195} }","mla":"Maeda, Takafumi, et al. “Piezoelectric Applications of Hydrothermal Lead-Free (K0.48Na0.52)NbO3 Ceramics.” <i>Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), 2012 IEEE International</i>, 2012, pp. 194–95, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0048\">10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0048</a>.","chicago":"Maeda, Takafumi, Peter Bornmann, Tobias Hemsel, and Takeshi Morita. “Piezoelectric Applications of Hydrothermal Lead-Free (K0.48Na0.52)NbO3 Ceramics.” In <i>Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), 2012 IEEE International</i>, 194–95, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0048\">https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0048</a>.","short":"T. Maeda, P. Bornmann, T. Hemsel, T. Morita, in: Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), 2012 IEEE International, 2012, pp. 194–195.","apa":"Maeda, T., Bornmann, P., Hemsel, T., &#38; Morita, T. (2012). Piezoelectric applications of hydrothermal lead-free (K0.48Na0.52)NbO3 ceramics. In <i>Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), 2012 IEEE International</i> (pp. 194–195). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0048\">https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0048</a>","ieee":"T. Maeda, P. Bornmann, T. Hemsel, and T. Morita, “Piezoelectric applications of hydrothermal lead-free (K0.48Na0.52)NbO3 ceramics,” in <i>Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), 2012 IEEE International</i>, 2012, pp. 194–195."},"publication":"Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), 2012 IEEE International","department":[{"_id":"151"}],"type":"conference","keyword":["crystallisation","hydrophones","piezoceramics","potassium compounds","powder technology","powders","sensors","sintering","sodium compounds","(K0.48Na0.52)NbO3","KNbO3 powder","NaNbO3 powder","crystallization","energy harvesting devices","g33 constant","hydrophone sensor","hydrothermal lead-free (K0.48Na0.52)NbO3 ceramics","hydrothermal method","piezoelectric applications","sintering","Materials","Transducers"],"date_created":"2019-05-13T13:28:05Z"},{"title":"(K,Na)NbO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics synthesized from hydrothermal powders","year":"2010","author":[{"last_name":"Maeda","first_name":"Takafumi","full_name":"Maeda, Takafumi"},{"full_name":"Takiguchi, Norihito","last_name":"Takiguchi","first_name":"Norihito"},{"first_name":"Takeshi","last_name":"Morita","full_name":"Morita, Takeshi"},{"first_name":"Mutsuo","last_name":"Ishikawa","full_name":"Ishikawa, Mutsuo"},{"full_name":"Hemsel, Tobias","last_name":"Hemsel","first_name":"Tobias","id":"210"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1948-5719"]},"date_updated":"2022-01-06T07:04:19Z","intvolume":"        64","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1016/j.matlet.2009.10.012","publication":"Materials Letters","issue":"2","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Among various lead-free piezoelectric materials, (K,Na)NbO$_{3}$ is a very promising candidate. In this study, (K,Na)NbO$_{3}$ ceramics were sintered from mixed (K,Na)NbO$_{3}$ and NaNbO$_{3}$ powders prepared by hydrothermal reaction. These two powders were mixed with distilled water in a KNbO$_{3}$/NaNbO$_{3}$ molar ratio of 1. After sintering the mixed powder, the solid solution of (Na,K)NbO$_{3}$ ceramics was obtained. The electrical properties such as the electromechanical coupling factors k$_{p}$ and k$_{33}$, the mechanical quality factor, Q$_{m}$, and the piezoelectric constant d$_{33}$ of the sintered (K,Na)NbO$_{3}$ ceramics were 0.32, 0.48, 71 (radial mode), 118 ((33)mode), and 107 pC/N, respectively."}],"date_created":"2019-05-13T10:21:17Z","type":"journal_article","keyword":["Lead-free piezoelectric material","(K","Na)NbO$_{3}$ ceramics","Sintering solid solution","Piezoelectric properties"],"department":[{"_id":"151"}],"status":"public","page":"125-128","_id":"9759","user_id":"55222","volume":64,"citation":{"ieee":"T. Maeda, N. Takiguchi, T. Morita, M. Ishikawa, and T. Hemsel, “(K,Na)NbO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics synthesized from hydrothermal powders,” <i>Materials Letters</i>, vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 125–128, 2010.","apa":"Maeda, T., Takiguchi, N., Morita, T., Ishikawa, M., &#38; Hemsel, T. (2010). (K,Na)NbO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics synthesized from hydrothermal powders. <i>Materials Letters</i>, <i>64</i>(2), 125–128. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2009.10.012\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2009.10.012</a>","short":"T. Maeda, N. Takiguchi, T. Morita, M. Ishikawa, T. Hemsel, Materials Letters 64 (2010) 125–128.","chicago":"Maeda, Takafumi, Norihito Takiguchi, Takeshi Morita, Mutsuo Ishikawa, and Tobias Hemsel. “(K,Na)NbO3 Lead-Free Piezoelectric Ceramics Synthesized from Hydrothermal Powders.” <i>Materials Letters</i> 64, no. 2 (2010): 125–28. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2009.10.012\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2009.10.012</a>.","mla":"Maeda, Takafumi, et al. “(K,Na)NbO3 Lead-Free Piezoelectric Ceramics Synthesized from Hydrothermal Powders.” <i>Materials Letters</i>, vol. 64, no. 2, 2010, pp. 125–28, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2009.10.012\">10.1016/j.matlet.2009.10.012</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Maeda_Takiguchi_Morita_Ishikawa_Hemsel_2010, title={(K,Na)NbO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics synthesized from hydrothermal powders}, volume={64}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2009.10.012\">10.1016/j.matlet.2009.10.012</a>}, number={2}, journal={Materials Letters}, author={Maeda, Takafumi and Takiguchi, Norihito and Morita, Takeshi and Ishikawa, Mutsuo and Hemsel, Tobias}, year={2010}, pages={125–128} }","ama":"Maeda T, Takiguchi N, Morita T, Ishikawa M, Hemsel T. (K,Na)NbO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics synthesized from hydrothermal powders. <i>Materials Letters</i>. 2010;64(2):125-128. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2009.10.012\">10.1016/j.matlet.2009.10.012</a>"},"quality_controlled":"1"}]