[{"date_updated":"2026-08-18T07:50:28Z","author":[{"first_name":"Nils Tobias","orcid":"0000-0002-0236-7282","last_name":"Böer","full_name":"Böer, Nils Tobias","id":"52000"},{"first_name":"Michael B.","last_name":"Steinborn","full_name":"Steinborn, Michael B."},{"full_name":"Weigelt, Matthias","first_name":"Matthias","last_name":"Weigelt","id":"36388"},{"first_name":"Iris","orcid":"0000-0003-0549-5543","last_name":"Güldenpenning","full_name":"Güldenpenning, Iris","id":"52931"}],"year":"2026","title":"When Trying Harder Helps: Effort Instructions Affect Performance in Complex Motor Tasks","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Abstracts of the 68th Conference of Experimental Psychologists","department":[{"_id":"17"},{"_id":"266"}],"type":"conference_abstract","keyword":["effort","try-harder instruction","deception","sport psychology","action and perception"],"date_created":"2026-03-31T10:55:38Z","file":[{"date_created":"2026-03-31T10:54:23Z","creator":"nboeer","content_type":"application/pdf","success":1,"file_id":"65258","date_updated":"2026-03-31T10:54:23Z","relation":"main_file","access_level":"closed","file_size":34969,"file_name":"Abstract_Böer_When Trying Harder Helps_Effort Instructions.pdf"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","conference":{"start_date":"2026-03-15","name":"68th Conference of Experimental Psychologists","location":"Tübingen","end_date":"2026-03-18"},"status":"public","editor":[{"first_name":"Barbara","last_name":"Kaup","full_name":"Kaup, Barbara"},{"full_name":"Roth, Lilly","last_name":"Roth","first_name":"Lilly"},{"full_name":"Rück, Franziska","first_name":"Franziska","last_name":"Rück"}],"user_id":"52931","ddc":["150"],"_id":"65257","citation":{"apa":"Böer, N. T., Steinborn, M. B., Weigelt, M., &#38; Güldenpenning, I. (2026). When Trying Harder Helps: Effort Instructions Affect Performance in Complex Motor Tasks. In B. Kaup, L. Roth, &#38; F. Rück (Eds.), <i>Abstracts of the 68th Conference of Experimental Psychologists</i>.","ieee":"N. T. Böer, M. B. Steinborn, M. Weigelt, and I. Güldenpenning, “When Trying Harder Helps: Effort Instructions Affect Performance in Complex Motor Tasks,” in <i>Abstracts of the 68th Conference of Experimental Psychologists</i>, Tübingen, 2026.","short":"N.T. Böer, M.B. Steinborn, M. Weigelt, I. Güldenpenning, in: B. Kaup, L. Roth, F. Rück (Eds.), Abstracts of the 68th Conference of Experimental Psychologists, Tübingen, 2026.","chicago":"Böer, Nils Tobias, Michael B. Steinborn, Matthias Weigelt, and Iris Güldenpenning. “When Trying Harder Helps: Effort Instructions Affect Performance in Complex Motor Tasks.” In <i>Abstracts of the 68th Conference of Experimental Psychologists</i>, edited by Barbara Kaup, Lilly Roth, and Franziska Rück. Tübingen, 2026.","mla":"Böer, Nils Tobias, et al. “When Trying Harder Helps: Effort Instructions Affect Performance in Complex Motor Tasks.” <i>Abstracts of the 68th Conference of Experimental Psychologists</i>, edited by Barbara Kaup et al., 2026.","ama":"Böer NT, Steinborn MB, Weigelt M, Güldenpenning I. When Trying Harder Helps: Effort Instructions Affect Performance in Complex Motor Tasks. In: Kaup B, Roth L, Rück F, eds. <i>Abstracts of the 68th Conference of Experimental Psychologists</i>. ; 2026.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Böer_Steinborn_Weigelt_Güldenpenning_2026, place={Tübingen}, title={When Trying Harder Helps: Effort Instructions Affect Performance in Complex Motor Tasks}, booktitle={Abstracts of the 68th Conference of Experimental Psychologists}, author={Böer, Nils Tobias and Steinborn, Michael B. and Weigelt, Matthias and Güldenpenning, Iris}, editor={Kaup, Barbara and Roth, Lilly and Rück, Franziska}, year={2026} }"},"file_date_updated":"2026-03-31T10:54:23Z","place":"Tübingen"},{"related_material":{"link":[{"url":"https://osf.io/svjtz/files","relation":"research_data","description":"Raw Data and Statistical Analyses"}]},"abstract":[{"text":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\r\n          <jats:p>The execution of incompatible actions imposes costs on action planning, commonly known as response-response incompatibility-costs. This phenomenon is also evident in sports: A basketball player who performs a pass in one direction whilst orienting the head into the contrary direction (pass with head fake) needs more time to initiate the action as if pass direction and head orientation are the same (pass without head fake).</jats:p>\r\n          <jats:p>The aim of this study was twofold: First, we present a re-analysis of the data from Böer et al. (Psychological Research 88:523–524, 2024) using mixture effect modelling (Miller, Behavior Research Methods 38:92–106, 2006) explore if fake-production costs manifest continuously (uniform effect) in all participants or if some participants show fake-production costs occasionally but substantially (mixed effect). Second, we collected data of a control group which was analysed with the previous data of the practice group and fitted initiation times (ITs) to an ex-Gaussian distribution.</jats:p>\r\n          <jats:p>The analysis of mixture effects revealed that most participants exhibited a uniform effect when they didn’t have time to mentally prepare the movement. This pattern was not changed by practice, suggesting fake-production costs can’t be overcome by practice alone without mental preparation time.</jats:p>\r\n          <jats:p>The analysis of mean ITs revealed improvements in the practice group but not in the control group, independent of the type of pass performed. The distribution analyses complemented these findings as it showed that the improvement in participants’ performance with increasing practice can mainly be attributed to a reduction of the exponential part of the distribution (parameter tau).</jats:p>","lang":"eng"}],"issue":"2","publication":"Psychological Research","type":"journal_article","keyword":["Sport Psychology","Sport Science","Deception","Distribution Analysis"],"department":[{"_id":"17"},{"_id":"266"}],"file":[{"date_created":"2025-11-06T13:25:02Z","creator":"nboeer","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"62112","date_updated":"2025-11-06T13:25:02Z","relation":"main_file","access_level":"closed","file_size":2697921,"file_name":"Böer, Schütz, Weigelt, & Güldenpenning_2025_How does practice modulate fake-production costs in a basketball task_Analyses of frequency distributions and mixture effects.pdf"}],"date_created":"2025-11-06T13:22:00Z","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2025-11-06T13:49:44Z","article_type":"original","intvolume":"        89","title":"How does practice modulate fake-production costs in a basketball task? Analyses of frequency distributions and mixture effects","year":"2025","author":[{"id":"52000","full_name":"Böer, Nils Tobias","orcid":"0000-0002-0236-7282","first_name":"Nils Tobias","last_name":"Böer"},{"first_name":"Christoph","last_name":"Schütz","full_name":"Schütz, Christoph"},{"id":"36388","last_name":"Weigelt","first_name":"Matthias","full_name":"Weigelt, Matthias"},{"full_name":"Güldenpenning, Iris","orcid":"0000-0003-0549-5543","first_name":"Iris","last_name":"Güldenpenning","id":"52931"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0340-0727","1430-2772"]},"doi":"10.1007/s00426-025-02084-6","article_number":"64","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00426-025-02084-6","open_access":"1"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","file_date_updated":"2025-11-06T13:25:02Z","citation":{"short":"N.T. Böer, C. Schütz, M. Weigelt, I. Güldenpenning, Psychological Research 89 (2025).","chicago":"Böer, Nils Tobias, Christoph Schütz, Matthias Weigelt, and Iris Güldenpenning. “How Does Practice Modulate Fake-Production Costs in a Basketball Task? Analyses of Frequency Distributions and Mixture Effects.” <i>Psychological Research</i> 89, no. 2 (2025). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02084-6\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02084-6</a>.","apa":"Böer, N. T., Schütz, C., Weigelt, M., &#38; Güldenpenning, I. (2025). How does practice modulate fake-production costs in a basketball task? Analyses of frequency distributions and mixture effects. <i>Psychological Research</i>, <i>89</i>(2), Article 64. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02084-6\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02084-6</a>","ieee":"N. T. Böer, C. Schütz, M. Weigelt, and I. Güldenpenning, “How does practice modulate fake-production costs in a basketball task? Analyses of frequency distributions and mixture effects,” <i>Psychological Research</i>, vol. 89, no. 2, Art. no. 64, 2025, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02084-6\">10.1007/s00426-025-02084-6</a>.","ama":"Böer NT, Schütz C, Weigelt M, Güldenpenning I. How does practice modulate fake-production costs in a basketball task? Analyses of frequency distributions and mixture effects. <i>Psychological Research</i>. 2025;89(2). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02084-6\">10.1007/s00426-025-02084-6</a>","bibtex":"@article{Böer_Schütz_Weigelt_Güldenpenning_2025, title={How does practice modulate fake-production costs in a basketball task? Analyses of frequency distributions and mixture effects}, volume={89}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02084-6\">10.1007/s00426-025-02084-6</a>}, number={264}, journal={Psychological Research}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Böer, Nils Tobias and Schütz, Christoph and Weigelt, Matthias and Güldenpenning, Iris}, year={2025} }","mla":"Böer, Nils Tobias, et al. “How Does Practice Modulate Fake-Production Costs in a Basketball Task? Analyses of Frequency Distributions and Mixture Effects.” <i>Psychological Research</i>, vol. 89, no. 2, 64, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-025-02084-6\">10.1007/s00426-025-02084-6</a>."},"oa":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","jel":["P"],"user_id":"52000","ddc":["150"],"volume":89,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","_id":"62111"},{"file_date_updated":"2025-11-06T13:44:09Z","citation":{"mla":"Böer, Nils Tobias, et al. “The Mere Presence of a Social Partner Modulates Fake-Production Costs.” <i>57th Herbsttreffen Der Experimentellen Kognitionspsychologie (HExKoP)</i>, 2025.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Böer_Güldenpenning_Weigelt_2025, title={The mere presence of a social partner modulates fake-production costs}, booktitle={57th Herbsttreffen der experimentellen Kognitionspsychologie (HExKoP)}, author={Böer, Nils Tobias and Güldenpenning, Iris and Weigelt, Matthias}, year={2025} }","ama":"Böer NT, Güldenpenning I, Weigelt M. The mere presence of a social partner modulates fake-production costs. In: <i>57th Herbsttreffen Der Experimentellen Kognitionspsychologie (HExKoP)</i>. ; 2025.","ieee":"N. T. Böer, I. Güldenpenning, and M. Weigelt, “The mere presence of a social partner modulates fake-production costs,” presented at the 57th Herbsttreffen der experimentellen Kognitionspsychologie (HExKoP), Trier, 2025.","apa":"Böer, N. T., Güldenpenning, I., &#38; Weigelt, M. (2025). The mere presence of a social partner modulates fake-production costs. <i>57th Herbsttreffen Der Experimentellen Kognitionspsychologie (HExKoP)</i>. 57th Herbsttreffen der experimentellen Kognitionspsychologie (HExKoP), Trier.","chicago":"Böer, Nils Tobias, Iris Güldenpenning, and Matthias Weigelt. “The Mere Presence of a Social Partner Modulates Fake-Production Costs.” In <i>57th Herbsttreffen Der Experimentellen Kognitionspsychologie (HExKoP)</i>, 2025.","short":"N.T. Böer, I. Güldenpenning, M. Weigelt, in: 57th Herbsttreffen Der Experimentellen Kognitionspsychologie (HExKoP), 2025."},"oa":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","conference":{"location":"Trier","name":"57th Herbsttreffen der experimentellen Kognitionspsychologie (HExKoP)","start_date":"2025-10-08","end_date":"2025-10-10"},"ddc":["150","796"],"user_id":"52000","_id":"62116","publication":"57th Herbsttreffen der experimentellen Kognitionspsychologie (HExKoP)","type":"conference_abstract","keyword":["Deception","Sport Psychology","Social Interaction"],"department":[{"_id":"17"},{"_id":"266"}],"file":[{"creator":"nboeer","date_created":"2025-11-06T13:44:09Z","file_name":"HExKoP2025_Böer_Social Costs of Deceptive Movements.pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_size":652136,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2025-11-06T13:44:09Z","file_id":"62118","content_type":"application/pdf","title":"The mere presence of a social partner modulates fake-production costs"}],"date_created":"2025-11-06T13:45:47Z","date_updated":"2025-11-06T13:46:05Z","title":"The mere presence of a social partner modulates fake-production costs","year":"2025","author":[{"id":"52000","full_name":"Böer, Nils Tobias","first_name":"Nils Tobias","last_name":"Böer","orcid":"0000-0002-0236-7282"},{"full_name":"Güldenpenning, Iris","first_name":"Iris","orcid":"0000-0003-0549-5543","last_name":"Güldenpenning","id":"52931"},{"last_name":"Weigelt","first_name":"Matthias","full_name":"Weigelt, Matthias","id":"36388"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"file_date_updated":"2026-03-31T11:07:45Z","citation":{"ama":"Böer NT, Güldenpenning I, Weigelt M. Differences of producing head fakes with and without a social partner. In: Lê-Hoa Võ M, Fiebach C, Shing YL, Sammler D, Windmann S, Kaiser J, eds. <i>67th Conference of Experimental Psychologists</i>. ; 2025:132.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Böer_Güldenpenning_Weigelt_2025, title={Differences of producing head fakes with and without a social partner}, booktitle={67th Conference of Experimental Psychologists}, author={Böer, Nils Tobias and Güldenpenning, Iris and Weigelt, Matthias}, editor={Lê-Hoa Võ, Melissa and Fiebach, Christian and Shing, Yee Lee and Sammler, Daniela and Windmann, Sabine and Kaiser, Jochen}, year={2025}, pages={132} }","mla":"Böer, Nils Tobias, et al. “Differences of Producing Head Fakes with and without a Social Partner.” <i>67th Conference of Experimental Psychologists</i>, edited by Melissa Lê-Hoa Võ et al., 2025, p. 132.","short":"N.T. Böer, I. Güldenpenning, M. Weigelt, in: M. Lê-Hoa Võ, C. Fiebach, Y.L. Shing, D. Sammler, S. Windmann, J. Kaiser (Eds.), 67th Conference of Experimental Psychologists, 2025, p. 132.","chicago":"Böer, Nils Tobias, Iris Güldenpenning, and Matthias Weigelt. “Differences of Producing Head Fakes with and without a Social Partner.” In <i>67th Conference of Experimental Psychologists</i>, edited by Melissa Lê-Hoa Võ, Christian Fiebach, Yee Lee Shing, Daniela Sammler, Sabine Windmann, and Jochen Kaiser, 132, 2025.","apa":"Böer, N. T., Güldenpenning, I., &#38; Weigelt, M. (2025). Differences of producing head fakes with and without a social partner. In M. Lê-Hoa Võ, C. Fiebach, Y. L. Shing, D. Sammler, S. Windmann, &#38; J. Kaiser (Eds.), <i>67th Conference of Experimental Psychologists</i> (p. 132).","ieee":"N. T. Böer, I. Güldenpenning, and M. Weigelt, “Differences of producing head fakes with and without a social partner,” in <i>67th Conference of Experimental Psychologists</i>, Frankfurt am Main, 2025, p. 132."},"status":"public","conference":{"end_date":"2025-03-12","location":"Frankfurt am Main","start_date":"2025-03-10","name":"67th Conference of Experimental Psychologists"},"has_accepted_license":"1","page":"132","_id":"65259","user_id":"52000","ddc":["150"],"editor":[{"first_name":"Melissa","last_name":"Lê-Hoa Võ","full_name":"Lê-Hoa Võ, Melissa"},{"full_name":"Fiebach, Christian","last_name":"Fiebach","first_name":"Christian"},{"last_name":"Shing","first_name":"Yee Lee","full_name":"Shing, Yee Lee"},{"full_name":"Sammler, Daniela","first_name":"Daniela","last_name":"Sammler"},{"first_name":"Sabine","last_name":"Windmann","full_name":"Windmann, Sabine"},{"full_name":"Kaiser, Jochen","first_name":"Jochen","last_name":"Kaiser"}],"publication":"67th Conference of Experimental Psychologists","file":[{"success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"65260","access_level":"closed","file_size":3357246,"file_name":"TeaP_Böer 2025_Abstract.pdf","date_updated":"2026-03-31T11:07:45Z","relation":"main_file","date_created":"2026-03-31T11:07:45Z","creator":"nboeer"}],"date_created":"2026-03-31T11:08:48Z","keyword":["deception","action preparation","perception","movement planning","sport psychology"],"type":"conference_abstract","department":[{"_id":"17"},{"_id":"266"}],"year":"2025","title":"Differences of producing head fakes with and without a social partner","author":[{"last_name":"Böer","first_name":"Nils Tobias","orcid":"0000-0002-0236-7282","full_name":"Böer, Nils Tobias","id":"52000"},{"full_name":"Güldenpenning, Iris","first_name":"Iris","last_name":"Güldenpenning","orcid":"0000-0003-0549-5543","id":"52931"},{"first_name":"Matthias","last_name":"Weigelt","full_name":"Weigelt, Matthias","id":"36388"}],"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2026-03-31T11:09:06Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]}]