---
_id: '54847'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The widespread adoption of ultra-high strength steels, due to their high bulk
resistivity, intensifies expulsion issues in resistance spot welding (RSW), deteriorating
both the spot weld and surface quality. This study presents a novel approach to
prevent expulsion by employing a preheating current. Through characteristic analysis
of joint formation under critical welding current, the importance of plastic material
encapsulation around the weld nugget (plastic shell) at high temperatures in preventing
expulsion is highlighted. To evaluate the effect of preheating on the plastic
shell and understand its mechanism in expulsion prevention, a two-dimensional
welding simulation model for dissimilar ultra-high strength steel joints was established.
The results showed that optimal preheating enhances the thickness of the plastic
shell, improving its ability to encapsulate the weld nugget during the primary
welding phase, thereby diminishing expulsion risks. Experimental validation confirmed
that by employing the optimal preheating current, the maximum nugget diameter
was enhanced to 9.42 mm, marking an increase of 13.4 % and extending the weldable
current range by 27.5 %. Under quasi-static cross-tensile loading, joints with
preheating demonstrated a 7.9 % enhancement in maximum load-bearing capacity compared
to joints without preheating, showing a reproducible and complete pull-out failure
mode within the heat-affected zone. This study offers a prevention method based
on underlying mechanisms, providing a new perspective for future research on welding
parameter optimization with the aim of expulsion prevention.
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Keke
full_name: Yang, Keke
id: '65085'
last_name: Yang
orcid: 0000-0001-9201-9304
- first_name: Bassel
full_name: El-Sari, Bassel
last_name: El-Sari
- first_name: Viktoria
full_name: Olfert, Viktoria
id: '5974'
last_name: Olfert
- first_name: Zhuoqun
full_name: Wang, Zhuoqun
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Max
full_name: Biegler, Max
last_name: Biegler
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Rethmeier, Michael
last_name: Rethmeier
- first_name: Gerson
full_name: Meschut, Gerson
id: '32056'
last_name: Meschut
orcid: 0000-0002-2763-1246
citation:
ama: 'Yang K, El-Sari B, Olfert V, et al. Expulsion prevention in resistance spot
welding of dissimilar joints with ultra-high strength steel: An analysis of the
mechanism and effect of preheating current. Journal of Manufacturing Processes.
2024;124:489-502. doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2024.06.034'
apa: 'Yang, K., El-Sari, B., Olfert, V., Wang, Z., Biegler, M., Rethmeier, M., &
Meschut, G. (2024). Expulsion prevention in resistance spot welding of dissimilar
joints with ultra-high strength steel: An analysis of the mechanism and effect
of preheating current. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 124,
489–502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2024.06.034'
bibtex: '@article{Yang_El-Sari_Olfert_Wang_Biegler_Rethmeier_Meschut_2024, title={Expulsion
prevention in resistance spot welding of dissimilar joints with ultra-high strength
steel: An analysis of the mechanism and effect of preheating current}, volume={124},
DOI={10.1016/j.jmapro.2024.06.034},
journal={Journal of Manufacturing Processes}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Yang,
Keke and El-Sari, Bassel and Olfert, Viktoria and Wang, Zhuoqun and Biegler, Max
and Rethmeier, Michael and Meschut, Gerson}, year={2024}, pages={489–502} }'
chicago: 'Yang, Keke, Bassel El-Sari, Viktoria Olfert, Zhuoqun Wang, Max Biegler,
Michael Rethmeier, and Gerson Meschut. “Expulsion Prevention in Resistance Spot
Welding of Dissimilar Joints with Ultra-High Strength Steel: An Analysis of the
Mechanism and Effect of Preheating Current.” Journal of Manufacturing Processes
124 (2024): 489–502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2024.06.034.'
ieee: 'K. Yang et al., “Expulsion prevention in resistance spot welding of
dissimilar joints with ultra-high strength steel: An analysis of the mechanism
and effect of preheating current,” Journal of Manufacturing Processes,
vol. 124, pp. 489–502, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2024.06.034.'
mla: 'Yang, Keke, et al. “Expulsion Prevention in Resistance Spot Welding of Dissimilar
Joints with Ultra-High Strength Steel: An Analysis of the Mechanism and Effect
of Preheating Current.” Journal of Manufacturing Processes, vol. 124, Elsevier
BV, 2024, pp. 489–502, doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2024.06.034.'
short: K. Yang, B. El-Sari, V. Olfert, Z. Wang, M. Biegler, M. Rethmeier, G. Meschut,
Journal of Manufacturing Processes 124 (2024) 489–502.
date_created: 2024-06-23T21:58:29Z
date_updated: 2024-10-18T06:59:27Z
ddc:
- '670'
department:
- _id: '157'
doi: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2024.06.034
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: kekeyang
date_created: 2024-06-23T21:59:20Z
date_updated: 2024-06-23T21:59:20Z
file_id: '54848'
file_name: 1-s2.0-S1526612524006145-main.pdf
file_size: 12432409
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-06-23T21:59:20Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 124'
keyword:
- Expulsion Resistance spot welding Finite element modelling Preheating Weldable current
range Ultra-high strength steel
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1526612524006145
oa: '1'
page: 489-502
publication: Journal of Manufacturing Processes
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1526-6125
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Expulsion prevention in resistance spot welding of dissimilar joints with
ultra-high strength steel: An analysis of the mechanism and effect of preheating
current'
type: journal_article
user_id: '65085'
volume: 124
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '43441'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "This paper reveals the 3D character of the intermetallic layer at the aluminum–steel
interface which pops\r\nup above the original sample surface during annealing.
Popping out of the intermetallics was proven using\r\natomic force microscopy.
The phase expands out of the plane due to the exothermic formation of the Al5Fe2\r\nphase
and the feasibility of surface diffusion. Milling by a focused ion beam enabled
the comparison of the\r\nchemical composition of the surface layer with the bulk
interface, showing no difference. The growth direction\r\nis both towards aluminum
and steel — the main diffusion flux is from aluminum towards steel, and the new\r\nintermetallic
phase emerges at the steel side. The shortage of Al atoms causes a shift of the
intermetallic as a\r\nwhole towards aluminum."
article_number: '112043'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Michaela
full_name: Šlapáková, Michaela
last_name: Šlapáková
- first_name: Barbora
full_name: Kihoulou, Barbora
last_name: Kihoulou
- first_name: Jozef
full_name: Veselý, Jozef
last_name: Veselý
- first_name: Peter
full_name: Minárik, Peter
last_name: Minárik
- first_name: Klaudia
full_name: Fekete, Klaudia
last_name: Fekete
- first_name: Michal
full_name: Knapek, Michal
last_name: Knapek
- first_name: Rostislav
full_name: Králík, Rostislav
last_name: Králík
- first_name: Olexandr
full_name: Grydin, Olexandr
id: '43822'
last_name: Grydin
- first_name: Mykhailo
full_name: Stolbchenko, Mykhailo
last_name: Stolbchenko
- first_name: Mirko
full_name: Schaper, Mirko
id: '43720'
last_name: Schaper
citation:
ama: Šlapáková M, Kihoulou B, Veselý J, et al. 3D-structure of intermetallic interface
layer in Al–steel clad material. Vacuum. 2023;212. doi:10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043
apa: Šlapáková, M., Kihoulou, B., Veselý, J., Minárik, P., Fekete, K., Knapek, M.,
Králík, R., Grydin, O., Stolbchenko, M., & Schaper, M. (2023). 3D-structure
of intermetallic interface layer in Al–steel clad material. Vacuum, 212,
Article 112043. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043
bibtex: '@article{Šlapáková_Kihoulou_Veselý_Minárik_Fekete_Knapek_Králík_Grydin_Stolbchenko_Schaper_2023,
title={3D-structure of intermetallic interface layer in Al–steel clad material},
volume={212}, DOI={10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043},
number={112043}, journal={Vacuum}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Šlapáková,
Michaela and Kihoulou, Barbora and Veselý, Jozef and Minárik, Peter and Fekete,
Klaudia and Knapek, Michal and Králík, Rostislav and Grydin, Olexandr and Stolbchenko,
Mykhailo and Schaper, Mirko}, year={2023} }'
chicago: Šlapáková, Michaela, Barbora Kihoulou, Jozef Veselý, Peter Minárik, Klaudia
Fekete, Michal Knapek, Rostislav Králík, Olexandr Grydin, Mykhailo Stolbchenko,
and Mirko Schaper. “3D-Structure of Intermetallic Interface Layer in Al–Steel
Clad Material.” Vacuum 212 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043.
ieee: 'M. Šlapáková et al., “3D-structure of intermetallic interface layer
in Al–steel clad material,” Vacuum, vol. 212, Art. no. 112043, 2023, doi:
10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043.'
mla: Šlapáková, Michaela, et al. “3D-Structure of Intermetallic Interface Layer
in Al–Steel Clad Material.” Vacuum, vol. 212, 112043, Elsevier BV, 2023,
doi:10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043.
short: M. Šlapáková, B. Kihoulou, J. Veselý, P. Minárik, K. Fekete, M. Knapek, R.
Králík, O. Grydin, M. Stolbchenko, M. Schaper, Vacuum 212 (2023).
date_created: 2023-04-08T17:24:40Z
date_updated: 2023-06-01T14:22:15Z
department:
- _id: '158'
doi: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043
intvolume: ' 212'
keyword:
- Al-steel clad
- twin-roll casting
- 3D characterization
- atomic force microscopy
- diffusion direction
- surface growth
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Vacuum
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0042-207X
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 3D-structure of intermetallic interface layer in Al–steel clad material
type: journal_article
user_id: '43720'
volume: 212
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '45782'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The development of automotive components with reduced greenhouse gas
(GHG) emissions is needed to reduce overall vehicle emissions. Life Cycle Engineering
(LCE) based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) supports this by providing holistic
information and improvement potentials regarding eco-efficient products. Key factors
influencing LCAs of automotive components, such as material production, will change
in the future. First approaches for integrating future scenarios for these key
factors into LCE already exist, but they only consider a limited number of parameters
and scenarios. This work aims to develop a method that can be practically applied
in the industry for integrating prospective LCAs (pLCA) into the LCE of automotive
components, considering relevant parameters and consistent scenarios. Therefore,
pLCA methods are further developed to investigate the influence of future scenarios
on the GHG emissions of automotive components. The practical application is demonstrated
for a vehicle component with different design options. This paper shows that different
development paths of the foreground and background system can shift the ecological
optimum of design alternatives. Therefore, future pathways of relevant parameters
must be considered comprehensively to reduce GHG emissions of future vehicles.
This work contributes to the methodological and practical integration of pLCA
into automotive development processes and provides quantitative results.
article_number: '10041'
author:
- first_name: Julian
full_name: Grenz, Julian
last_name: Grenz
- first_name: Moritz
full_name: Ostermann, Moritz
id: '44763'
last_name: Ostermann
orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1146-0443
- first_name: Karoline
full_name: Käsewieter, Karoline
last_name: Käsewieter
- first_name: Felipe
full_name: Cerdas, Felipe
last_name: Cerdas
- first_name: Thorsten
full_name: Marten, Thorsten
id: '338'
last_name: Marten
- first_name: Christoph
full_name: Herrmann, Christoph
last_name: Herrmann
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Tröster, Thomas
id: '553'
last_name: Tröster
citation:
ama: Grenz J, Ostermann M, Käsewieter K, et al. Integrating Prospective LCA in the
Development of Automotive Components. Sustainability. 2023;15(13). doi:10.3390/su151310041
apa: Grenz, J., Ostermann, M., Käsewieter, K., Cerdas, F., Marten, T., Herrmann,
C., & Tröster, T. (2023). Integrating Prospective LCA in the Development of
Automotive Components. Sustainability, 15(13), Article 10041. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310041
bibtex: '@article{Grenz_Ostermann_Käsewieter_Cerdas_Marten_Herrmann_Tröster_2023,
title={Integrating Prospective LCA in the Development of Automotive Components},
volume={15}, DOI={10.3390/su151310041},
number={1310041}, journal={Sustainability}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Grenz,
Julian and Ostermann, Moritz and Käsewieter, Karoline and Cerdas, Felipe and Marten,
Thorsten and Herrmann, Christoph and Tröster, Thomas}, year={2023} }'
chicago: Grenz, Julian, Moritz Ostermann, Karoline Käsewieter, Felipe Cerdas, Thorsten
Marten, Christoph Herrmann, and Thomas Tröster. “Integrating Prospective LCA in
the Development of Automotive Components.” Sustainability 15, no. 13 (2023).
https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310041.
ieee: 'J. Grenz et al., “Integrating Prospective LCA in the Development of
Automotive Components,” Sustainability, vol. 15, no. 13, Art. no. 10041,
2023, doi: 10.3390/su151310041.'
mla: Grenz, Julian, et al. “Integrating Prospective LCA in the Development of Automotive
Components.” Sustainability, vol. 15, no. 13, 10041, MDPI AG, 2023, doi:10.3390/su151310041.
short: J. Grenz, M. Ostermann, K. Käsewieter, F. Cerdas, T. Marten, C. Herrmann,
T. Tröster, Sustainability 15 (2023).
date_created: 2023-06-27T06:35:20Z
date_updated: 2023-06-27T06:39:47Z
department:
- _id: '9'
- _id: '321'
- _id: '149'
doi: 10.3390/su151310041
intvolume: ' 15'
issue: '13'
keyword:
- prospective LCA
- life cycle engineering (LCE)
- lightweight design
- automotive components
- body parts
- circular economy
- steel
- aluminum
- hybrid materials
- fiber metal laminates
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/13/10041
oa: '1'
publication: Sustainability
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2071-1050
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
link:
- relation: supplementary_material
url: ' https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/su151310041/s1'
status: public
title: Integrating Prospective LCA in the Development of Automotive Components
type: journal_article
user_id: '44763'
volume: 15
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '21549'
article_number: '102851'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Jannik
full_name: Kowatz, Jannik
id: '32252'
last_name: Kowatz
orcid: 0000-0002-4972-4718
- first_name: Dominik
full_name: Teutenberg, Dominik
id: '537'
last_name: Teutenberg
- first_name: Gerson
full_name: Meschut, Gerson
id: '32056'
last_name: Meschut
orcid: 0000-0002-2763-1246
citation:
ama: Kowatz J, Teutenberg D, Meschut G. Experimental failure analysis of adhesively
bonded steel/CFRP joints under quasi-static and cyclic tensile-shear and peel
loading. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives. 2021;107. doi:10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2021.102851
apa: Kowatz, J., Teutenberg, D., & Meschut, G. (2021). Experimental failure
analysis of adhesively bonded steel/CFRP joints under quasi-static and cyclic
tensile-shear and peel loading. International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives,
107, Article 102851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2021.102851
bibtex: '@article{Kowatz_Teutenberg_Meschut_2021, title={Experimental failure analysis
of adhesively bonded steel/CFRP joints under quasi-static and cyclic tensile-shear
and peel loading}, volume={107}, DOI={10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2021.102851},
number={102851}, journal={International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives}, publisher={Elsevier},
author={Kowatz, Jannik and Teutenberg, Dominik and Meschut, Gerson}, year={2021}
}'
chicago: Kowatz, Jannik, Dominik Teutenberg, and Gerson Meschut. “Experimental Failure
Analysis of Adhesively Bonded Steel/CFRP Joints under Quasi-Static and Cyclic
Tensile-Shear and Peel Loading.” International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives
107 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2021.102851.
ieee: 'J. Kowatz, D. Teutenberg, and G. Meschut, “Experimental failure analysis
of adhesively bonded steel/CFRP joints under quasi-static and cyclic tensile-shear
and peel loading,” International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, vol.
107, Art. no. 102851, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2021.102851.'
mla: Kowatz, Jannik, et al. “Experimental Failure Analysis of Adhesively Bonded
Steel/CFRP Joints under Quasi-Static and Cyclic Tensile-Shear and Peel Loading.”
International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives, vol. 107, 102851, Elsevier,
2021, doi:10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2021.102851.
short: J. Kowatz, D. Teutenberg, G. Meschut, International Journal of Adhesion and
Adhesives 107 (2021).
date_created: 2021-03-22T14:15:22Z
date_updated: 2023-01-16T10:18:26Z
department:
- _id: '157'
doi: 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2021.102851
intvolume: ' 107'
keyword:
- Epoxy adhesive
- fatigue strength
- shear
- peel
- Steel-CFRP joints
language:
- iso: eng
publication: International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0143-7496
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Experimental failure analysis of adhesively bonded steel/CFRP joints under
quasi-static and cyclic tensile-shear and peel loading
type: journal_article
user_id: '32252'
volume: 107
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '23465'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: One of the main objectives of production engineering is to reproducibly manufacture
(complex) defect-free parts. To achieve this, it is necessary to employ an appropriate
process or tool design. While this will generally prove successful, it cannot,
however, offset stochastic defects with local variations in material properties.
Closed-loop process control represents a promising approach for a solution in
this context. The state of the art involves using this approach to control geometric
parameters such as a length. So far, no research or applications have been conducted
with closed-loop control for microstructure and product properties. In the project
on which this paper is based, the local martensite content of parts is to be adjusted
in a highly precise and reproducible manner. The forming process employed is a
special, property-controlled flow-forming process. A model-based controller is
thus to generate corresponding correction values for the tool-path geometry and
tool-path velocity on the basis of online martensite content measurements. For
the controller model, it is planned to use a special process or microstructure
(correlation) model. The planned paper not only describes the experimental setup
but also presents results of initial experimental investigations for subsequent
use in the closed-loop control of α’-martensite content during flow-forming.
author:
- first_name: Bahman
full_name: Arian, Bahman
id: '36287'
last_name: Arian
- first_name: Werner
full_name: Homberg, Werner
id: '233'
last_name: Homberg
- first_name: Markus
full_name: Riepold, Markus
last_name: Riepold
- first_name: Ansgar
full_name: Trächtler, Ansgar
id: '552'
last_name: Trächtler
- first_name: Julian
full_name: Rozo Vasquez, Julian
last_name: Rozo Vasquez
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Walther, Frank
last_name: Walther
citation:
ama: 'Arian B, Homberg W, Riepold M, Trächtler A, Rozo Vasquez J, Walther F. Forming
of metastable austenitic stainless steel tubes with axially graded martensite
content by flow-forming. In: ULiège Library; 2021.'
apa: Arian, B., Homberg, W., Riepold, M., Trächtler, A., Rozo Vasquez, J., &
Walther, F. (2021). Forming of metastable austenitic stainless steel tubes
with axially graded martensite content by flow-forming. 24th International
Conference on Material Forming - ESAFORM 2021, Liège, Belgium.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Arian_Homberg_Riepold_Trächtler_Rozo Vasquez_Walther_2021,
place={Liège}, title={Forming of metastable austenitic stainless steel tubes with
axially graded martensite content by flow-forming}, publisher={ULiège Library},
author={Arian, Bahman and Homberg, Werner and Riepold, Markus and Trächtler, Ansgar
and Rozo Vasquez, Julian and Walther, Frank}, year={2021} }'
chicago: 'Arian, Bahman, Werner Homberg, Markus Riepold, Ansgar Trächtler, Julian
Rozo Vasquez, and Frank Walther. “Forming of Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steel
Tubes with Axially Graded Martensite Content by Flow-Forming.” Liège: ULiège Library,
2021.'
ieee: B. Arian, W. Homberg, M. Riepold, A. Trächtler, J. Rozo Vasquez, and F. Walther,
“Forming of metastable austenitic stainless steel tubes with axially graded martensite
content by flow-forming,” presented at the 24th International Conference on Material
Forming - ESAFORM 2021, Liège, Belgium, 2021.
mla: Arian, Bahman, et al. Forming of Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubes
with Axially Graded Martensite Content by Flow-Forming. ULiège Library, 2021.
short: 'B. Arian, W. Homberg, M. Riepold, A. Trächtler, J. Rozo Vasquez, F. Walther,
in: ULiège Library, Liège, 2021.'
conference:
end_date: 2021-04-16
location: Liège, Belgium
name: 24th International Conference on Material Forming - ESAFORM 2021
start_date: 2021-04-14
date_created: 2021-08-23T13:00:35Z
date_updated: 2023-05-02T08:27:48Z
department:
- _id: '156'
- _id: '153'
- _id: '241'
keyword:
- Flow-forming
- Spinning
- Process Strategy
- Martensite Content
- Property Control
- Micromagnetic Measurement
- Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steel
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://popups.uliege.be/esaform21/index.php?id=2759
oa: '1'
place: Liège
publication_identifier:
eisbn:
- 978-2-87019-303-7
isbn:
- 978-2-87019-302-0
publication_status: published
publisher: ULiège Library
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Forming of metastable austenitic stainless steel tubes with axially graded
martensite content by flow-forming
type: conference
user_id: '36287'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '22930'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Self-piercing riveting is an established technique for joining multi-material
structures in car body manufacturing. Rivets for self-piercing riveting differ
in their geometry, the material used, the condition of the material and their
surface condition. To shorten the manufacturing process by omitting the heat treatment
and the coating process, the authors have elaborated a concept for the use of
stainless steel with high strain hardening as a rivet material. The focus of the
present investigation is on the evaluation of the influences of the rivet’s geometry
and material on its deformation behaviour. Conventional rivets of types P and
HD2, a rivet with an improved geometry made of treatable steel 38B2, and rivets
made of the stainless steels 1.3815 and 1.4541 are examined. The analysis is conducted
by means of multi-step joining tests for two material combinations comprising
high-strength steel HCT70X and aluminium EN AW-5083. The joints are cut to provide
a cross-section and the deformation behaviour of the different rivets is analysed
on the basis of the measured changes in geometry and hardness. In parallel, an
examination of the force-stroke curves provides further insights. It can be demonstrated
that, besides the geometry, the material strength, in particular, has a significant
influence on the deformation behaviour of the rivet. The strength of steel 1.4541
is seen to be too low for the joining task, while the strength of steel 1.3815
is sufficient, and hence the investigation confirms the capability of rivets made
of 1.3815 for joining even challenging material combinations.
author:
- first_name: Benedikt
full_name: Uhe, Benedikt
id: '38131'
last_name: Uhe
- first_name: Clara-Maria
full_name: Kuball, Clara-Maria
last_name: Kuball
- first_name: Marion
full_name: Merklein, Marion
last_name: Merklein
- first_name: Gerson
full_name: Meschut, Gerson
id: '32056'
last_name: Meschut
orcid: 0000-0002-2763-1246
citation:
ama: 'Uhe B, Kuball C-M, Merklein M, Meschut G. Self-Piercing Riveting Using Rivets
Made of Stainless Steel with High Strain Hardening. In: Daehn G, Cao J, Kinsey
B, Tekkaya E, Vivek A, Yoshida Y, eds. Forming the Future - Proceedings of
the 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity. The Minerals,
Metals & Materials Series. Springer; 2021:1495-1506. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-75381-8_124'
apa: Uhe, B., Kuball, C.-M., Merklein, M., & Meschut, G. (2021). Self-Piercing
Riveting Using Rivets Made of Stainless Steel with High Strain Hardening. In G.
Daehn, J. Cao, B. Kinsey, E. Tekkaya, A. Vivek, & Y. Yoshida (Eds.), Forming
the Future - Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on the Technology
of Plasticity. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. (pp. 1495–1506).
Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75381-8_124
bibtex: '@inbook{Uhe_Kuball_Merklein_Meschut_2021, place={Cham}, title={Self-Piercing
Riveting Using Rivets Made of Stainless Steel with High Strain Hardening}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-030-75381-8_124},
booktitle={Forming the Future - Proceedings of the 13th International Conference
on the Technology of Plasticity. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series.},
publisher={Springer}, author={Uhe, Benedikt and Kuball, Clara-Maria and Merklein,
Marion and Meschut, Gerson}, editor={Daehn, Glenn and Cao, Jian and Kinsey, Brad
and Tekkaya, Erman and Vivek, Anupam and Yoshida, Yoshinori}, year={2021}, pages={1495–1506}
}'
chicago: 'Uhe, Benedikt, Clara-Maria Kuball, Marion Merklein, and Gerson Meschut.
“Self-Piercing Riveting Using Rivets Made of Stainless Steel with High Strain
Hardening.” In Forming the Future - Proceedings of the 13th International Conference
on the Technology of Plasticity. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series.,
edited by Glenn Daehn, Jian Cao, Brad Kinsey, Erman Tekkaya, Anupam Vivek, and
Yoshinori Yoshida, 1495–1506. Cham: Springer, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75381-8_124.'
ieee: 'B. Uhe, C.-M. Kuball, M. Merklein, and G. Meschut, “Self-Piercing Riveting
Using Rivets Made of Stainless Steel with High Strain Hardening,” in Forming
the Future - Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on the Technology
of Plasticity. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series., G. Daehn, J.
Cao, B. Kinsey, E. Tekkaya, A. Vivek, and Y. Yoshida, Eds. Cham: Springer, 2021,
pp. 1495–1506.'
mla: Uhe, Benedikt, et al. “Self-Piercing Riveting Using Rivets Made of Stainless
Steel with High Strain Hardening.” Forming the Future - Proceedings of the
13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity. The Minerals, Metals
& Materials Series., edited by Glenn Daehn et al., Springer, 2021, pp.
1495–506, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-75381-8_124.
short: 'B. Uhe, C.-M. Kuball, M. Merklein, G. Meschut, in: G. Daehn, J. Cao, B.
Kinsey, E. Tekkaya, A. Vivek, Y. Yoshida (Eds.), Forming the Future - Proceedings
of the 13th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity. The Minerals,
Metals & Materials Series., Springer, Cham, 2021, pp. 1495–1506.'
date_created: 2021-08-04T14:02:32Z
date_updated: 2026-02-27T10:40:39Z
department:
- _id: '157'
doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-75381-8_124
editor:
- first_name: Glenn
full_name: Daehn, Glenn
last_name: Daehn
- first_name: Jian
full_name: Cao, Jian
last_name: Cao
- first_name: Brad
full_name: Kinsey, Brad
last_name: Kinsey
- first_name: Erman
full_name: Tekkaya, Erman
last_name: Tekkaya
- first_name: Anupam
full_name: Vivek, Anupam
last_name: Vivek
- first_name: Yoshinori
full_name: Yoshida, Yoshinori
last_name: Yoshida
keyword:
- Self-piercing riveting
- Lightweight design
- Deformation behaviour
- Stainless steel
- High nitrogen steel
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1495-1506
place: Cham
publication: Forming the Future - Proceedings of the 13th International Conference
on the Technology of Plasticity. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series.
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Self-Piercing Riveting Using Rivets Made of Stainless Steel with High Strain
Hardening
type: book_chapter
user_id: '53912'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '22274'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'The use of high-strength steel and aluminium is rising due to the intensified
efforts being made in lightweight design, and self-piercing riveting is becoming
increasingly important. Conventional rivets for self-piercing riveting differ
in their geometry, the material used, the condition of the material and the coating.
To shorten the manufacturing process, the use of stainless steel with high strain
hardening as the rivet material represents a promising approach. This allows the
coating of the rivets to be omitted due to the corrosion resistance of the material
and, since the strength of the stainless steel is achieved by cold forming, heat
treatment is no longer required. In addition, it is possible to adjust the local
strength within the rivet. Because of that, the authors have elaborated a concept
for using high nitrogen steel 1.3815 as the rivet material. The present investigation
focusses on the joint strength in order to evaluate the capability of rivets in
high nitrogen steel by comparison to conventional rivets made of treatable steel.
Due to certain challenges in the forming process of the high nitrogen steel rivets,
deviations result from the targeted rivet geometry. Mainly these deviations cause
a lower joint strength with these rivets, which is, however, adequate. All in
all, the capability of the new rivet is proven by the results of this investigation. '
author:
- first_name: Benedikt
full_name: Uhe, Benedikt
id: '38131'
last_name: Uhe
- first_name: Clara-Maria
full_name: Kuball, Clara-Maria
last_name: Kuball
- first_name: Marion
full_name: Merklein, Marion
last_name: Merklein
- first_name: Gerson
full_name: Meschut, Gerson
id: '32056'
last_name: Meschut
orcid: 0000-0002-2763-1246
citation:
ama: 'Uhe B, Kuball C-M, Merklein M, Meschut G. Strength of self-piercing riveted
Joints with conventional Rivets and Rivets made of High Nitrogen Steel. In: ;
2021. doi:10.25518/esaform21.1911'
apa: Uhe, B., Kuball, C.-M., Merklein, M., & Meschut, G. (2021). Strength
of self-piercing riveted Joints with conventional Rivets and Rivets made of High
Nitrogen Steel. 24th International Conference on Material Forming (ESAFORM),
Liège, Belgien. https://doi.org/10.25518/esaform21.1911
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Uhe_Kuball_Merklein_Meschut_2021, title={Strength of self-piercing
riveted Joints with conventional Rivets and Rivets made of High Nitrogen Steel},
DOI={10.25518/esaform21.1911},
author={Uhe, Benedikt and Kuball, Clara-Maria and Merklein, Marion and Meschut,
Gerson}, year={2021} }'
chicago: Uhe, Benedikt, Clara-Maria Kuball, Marion Merklein, and Gerson Meschut.
“Strength of Self-Piercing Riveted Joints with Conventional Rivets and Rivets
Made of High Nitrogen Steel,” 2021. https://doi.org/10.25518/esaform21.1911.
ieee: 'B. Uhe, C.-M. Kuball, M. Merklein, and G. Meschut, “Strength of self-piercing
riveted Joints with conventional Rivets and Rivets made of High Nitrogen Steel,”
presented at the 24th International Conference on Material Forming (ESAFORM),
Liège, Belgien, 2021, doi: 10.25518/esaform21.1911.'
mla: Uhe, Benedikt, et al. Strength of Self-Piercing Riveted Joints with Conventional
Rivets and Rivets Made of High Nitrogen Steel. 2021, doi:10.25518/esaform21.1911.
short: 'B. Uhe, C.-M. Kuball, M. Merklein, G. Meschut, in: 2021.'
conference:
end_date: 2021-04-16
location: Liège, Belgien
name: 24th International Conference on Material Forming (ESAFORM)
start_date: 2021-04-14
date_created: 2021-05-31T10:17:37Z
date_updated: 2026-02-27T10:25:13Z
department:
- _id: '157'
doi: 10.25518/esaform21.1911
keyword:
- Self-piercing Riveting
- Joining Technology
- Rivet Geometry
- Rivet Material
- High Nitrogen Steel
- Joint Strength
language:
- iso: eng
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Strength of self-piercing riveted Joints with conventional Rivets and Rivets
made of High Nitrogen Steel
type: conference
user_id: '53912'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '19976'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The aim to reduce pollutant emission has led to a trend towards lightweight
construction in car body development during the last years. As a consequence of
the resulting need for multi-material design, mechanical joining technologies
become increasingly important. Mechanical joining allows for the combination of
dissimilar materials, while thermic joining techniques reach their limits. Self-piercing
riveting enables the joining of dissimilar materials by using semi-tubular rivets
as mechanical fasteners. The rivet production, however, is costly and time-consuming,
as the rivets generally have to be hardened, tempered and coated after forming,
in order to achieve an adequate strength and corrosion resistance. A promising
approach to improve the efficiency of the rivet manufacturing is the use of high-strength
high nitrogen steel as rivet material because these additional process steps would
not be necessary anymore. As a result of the comparatively high nitrogen content,
such steels have various beneficial properties like higher strength, good ductility
and improved corrosion resistance. By cold bulk forming of high nitrogen steels
high-strength parts can be manufactured due to the strengthening which is caused
by the high strain hardening. However, high tool loads thereby have to be expected
and are a major challenge during the production process. Consequently, there is
a need for appropriate forming strategies. This paper presents key aspects concerning
the process design for the manufacturing of semi-tubular self-piercing rivets
made of high-strength steel. The aim is to produce the rivets in several forming
stages without intermediate heat treatment between the single stages. Due to the
high strain hardening of the material, a two stage forming concept will be investigated.
Cup-backward extrusion is chosen as the first process step in order to form the
rivet shank without forming the rivet foot. Thus, the strain hardening effects
in the area of the rivet foot are minimized and the tool loads during the following
process step can be reduced. During the second and final forming stage the detailed
geometry of the rivet foot and the rivet head is formed. In this context, the
effect of different variations, for example concerning the final geometry of the
rivet foot, on the tool load is investigated using multistage numerical analysis.
Furthermore, the influence of the process temperature on occurring stresses is
analysed. Based on the results of the investigations, an adequate forming strategy
and a tool concept for the manufacturing of semi-tubular self-piercing rivets
made of high-strength steel are presented.
citation:
ama: Kuball C-M, Uhe B, Meschut G, Merklein M, eds. Process Design for the Forming
of Semi-Tubular Self-Piercing Rivets Made of High Nitrogen Steel. Vol 50.;
2020:280-285. doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2020.08.052
apa: Kuball, C.-M., Uhe, B., Meschut, G., & Merklein, M. (Eds.). (2020). Process
design for the forming of semi-tubular self-piercing rivets made of high nitrogen
steel (Vol. 50, pp. 280–285). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.08.052
bibtex: '@book{Kuball_Uhe_Meschut_Merklein_2020, series={Procedia Manufacturing},
title={Process design for the forming of semi-tubular self-piercing rivets made
of high nitrogen steel}, volume={50}, DOI={10.1016/j.promfg.2020.08.052},
year={2020}, pages={280–285}, collection={Procedia Manufacturing} }'
chicago: Kuball, Clara-Maria, Benedikt Uhe, Gerson Meschut, and Marion Merklein,
eds. Process Design for the Forming of Semi-Tubular Self-Piercing Rivets Made
of High Nitrogen Steel. Vol. 50. Procedia Manufacturing, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.08.052.
ieee: C.-M. Kuball, B. Uhe, G. Meschut, and M. Merklein, Eds., Process design
for the forming of semi-tubular self-piercing rivets made of high nitrogen steel,
vol. 50. 2020, pp. 280–285.
mla: Kuball, Clara-Maria, et al., editors. Process Design for the Forming of
Semi-Tubular Self-Piercing Rivets Made of High Nitrogen Steel. 2020, pp. 280–85,
doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2020.08.052.
short: C.-M. Kuball, B. Uhe, G. Meschut, M. Merklein, eds., Process Design for the
Forming of Semi-Tubular Self-Piercing Rivets Made of High Nitrogen Steel, 2020.
date_created: 2020-10-12T08:30:08Z
date_updated: 2026-02-27T10:43:48Z
department:
- _id: '157'
doi: 10.1016/j.promfg.2020.08.052
editor:
- first_name: Clara-Maria
full_name: Kuball, Clara-Maria
last_name: Kuball
- first_name: Benedikt
full_name: Uhe, Benedikt
id: '38131'
last_name: Uhe
- first_name: Gerson
full_name: Meschut, Gerson
id: '32056'
last_name: Meschut
orcid: 0000-0002-2763-1246
- first_name: Marion
full_name: Merklein, Marion
last_name: Merklein
intvolume: ' 50'
keyword:
- high nitrogen steel
- self-piercing riveting
- joining by forming
- bulk forming
- tool design
language:
- iso: eng
page: 280-285
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
series_title: Procedia Manufacturing
status: public
title: Process design for the forming of semi-tubular self-piercing rivets made of
high nitrogen steel
type: conference_editor
user_id: '53912'
volume: 50
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '19973'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: As a result of lightweight design, increased use is being made of high-strength
steel and aluminium in car bodies. Self-piercing riveting is an established technique
for joining these materials. The dissimilar properties of the two materials have
led to a number of different rivet geometries in the past. Each rivet geometry
fulfils the requirements of the materials within a limited range. In the present
investigation, an improved rivet geometry is developed, which permits the reliable
joining of two material combinations that could only be joined by two different
rivet geometries up until now. Material combination 1 consists of high-strength
steel on both sides, while material combination 2 comprises aluminium on the punch
side and high-strength steel on the die side. The material flow and the stress
and strain conditions prevailing during the joining process are analysed by means
of numerical simulation. The rivet geometry is then improved step-by-step on the
basis of this analysis. Finally, the improved rivet geometry is manufactured and
the findings of the investigation are verified in experimental joining tests.
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Benedikt
full_name: Uhe, Benedikt
id: '38131'
last_name: Uhe
- first_name: Clara-Maria
full_name: Kuball, Clara-Maria
last_name: Kuball
- first_name: Marion
full_name: Merklein, Marion
last_name: Merklein
- first_name: Gerson
full_name: Meschut, Gerson
id: '32056'
last_name: Meschut
orcid: 0000-0002-2763-1246
citation:
ama: Uhe B, Kuball C-M, Merklein M, Meschut G. Improvement of a rivet geometry for
the self-piercing riveting of high-strength steel and multi-material joints. Production
Engineering. 2020;14:417-423. doi:10.1007/s11740-020-00973-w
apa: Uhe, B., Kuball, C.-M., Merklein, M., & Meschut, G. (2020). Improvement
of a rivet geometry for the self-piercing riveting of high-strength steel and
multi-material joints. Production Engineering, 14, 417–423. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-020-00973-w
bibtex: '@article{Uhe_Kuball_Merklein_Meschut_2020, title={Improvement of a rivet
geometry for the self-piercing riveting of high-strength steel and multi-material
joints}, volume={14}, DOI={10.1007/s11740-020-00973-w},
journal={Production Engineering}, author={Uhe, Benedikt and Kuball, Clara-Maria
and Merklein, Marion and Meschut, Gerson}, year={2020}, pages={417–423} }'
chicago: 'Uhe, Benedikt, Clara-Maria Kuball, Marion Merklein, and Gerson Meschut.
“Improvement of a Rivet Geometry for the Self-Piercing Riveting of High-Strength
Steel and Multi-Material Joints.” Production Engineering 14 (2020): 417–23.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-020-00973-w.'
ieee: 'B. Uhe, C.-M. Kuball, M. Merklein, and G. Meschut, “Improvement of a rivet
geometry for the self-piercing riveting of high-strength steel and multi-material
joints,” Production Engineering, vol. 14, pp. 417–423, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s11740-020-00973-w.'
mla: Uhe, Benedikt, et al. “Improvement of a Rivet Geometry for the Self-Piercing
Riveting of High-Strength Steel and Multi-Material Joints.” Production Engineering,
vol. 14, 2020, pp. 417–23, doi:10.1007/s11740-020-00973-w.
short: B. Uhe, C.-M. Kuball, M. Merklein, G. Meschut, Production Engineering 14
(2020) 417–423.
date_created: 2020-10-12T08:14:13Z
date_updated: 2026-02-27T10:41:55Z
department:
- _id: '157'
doi: 10.1007/s11740-020-00973-w
intvolume: ' 14'
keyword:
- Self-piercing riveting
- Joining technology
- Rivet geometry
- Multi-material design
- High-strength steel
- Aluminium
language:
- iso: eng
page: 417-423
publication: Production Engineering
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Improvement of a rivet geometry for the self-piercing riveting of high-strength
steel and multi-material joints
type: journal_article
user_id: '53912'
volume: 14
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '19974'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Due to the trend towards lightweight design in car body development mechanical
joining technologies become increasingly important. These techniques allow for
the joining of dissimilar materials and thus enable multi-material design, while
thermic joining methods reach their limits. Semi-tubular self-piercing riveting
is an important mechanical joining technology. The rivet production, however,
is costly and time-consuming, as the process consists of several process steps
including the heat treatment and coating of the rivets in order to achieve an
adequate strength and corrosion resistance. The use of high nitrogen steel as
rivet material leads to the possibility of reducing process steps and hence increasing
the efficiency of the process. However, the high tool loads being expected due
to the high strain hardening of the material are a major challenge during the
rivet production. Thus, there is a need for appropriate forming strategies, such
as the manufacturing of the rivets at elevated temperatures. Prior investigations
led to the conclusion that forming already at 200 °C results in a distinct reduction
of the yield strength. To create a deeper understanding of the forming behaviour
of high nitrogen steel at elevated temperatures, compression tests were conducted
in a temperature range between room temperature and 200 °C. The determined true
stress – true strain curves are the basis for the further process and tool design
of the rivet production. Another key factor for the rivet manufacturing at elevated
temperatures is the influence of the process temperature on the tribological conditions.
For this reason, ring compression tests at room temperature and 200 °C are carried
out. The friction factors are determined on the basis of calibration curves resulting
from the numerical analysis of the ring compression process. The investigations
indicate that the friction factor at 200 °C is significantly higher compared to
room temperature. This essential fact has to be taken into account for the process
and tool design for the rivet production using high nitrogen steel.
article_number: '100023'
citation:
ama: Kuball C-M, Jung R, Uhe B, Meschut G, Merklein M, eds. Influence of the
Process Temperature on the Forming Behaviour and the Friction during Bulk Forming
of High Nitrogen Steel. Vol 1.; 2020. doi:10.1016/j.jajp.2020.100023
apa: Kuball, C.-M., Jung, R., Uhe, B., Meschut, G., & Merklein, M. (Eds.). (2020).
Influence of the process temperature on the forming behaviour and the friction
during bulk forming of high nitrogen steel (No. 100023; Vol. 1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2020.100023
bibtex: '@book{Kuball_Jung_Uhe_Meschut_Merklein_2020, series={Journal of Advanced
Joining Processes}, title={Influence of the process temperature on the forming
behaviour and the friction during bulk forming of high nitrogen steel}, volume={1},
DOI={10.1016/j.jajp.2020.100023},
number={100023}, year={2020}, collection={Journal of Advanced Joining Processes}
}'
chicago: Kuball, Clara-Maria, R Jung, Benedikt Uhe, Gerson Meschut, and Marion Merklein,
eds. Influence of the Process Temperature on the Forming Behaviour and the
Friction during Bulk Forming of High Nitrogen Steel. Vol. 1. Journal of Advanced
Joining Processes, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2020.100023.
ieee: C.-M. Kuball, R. Jung, B. Uhe, G. Meschut, and M. Merklein, Eds., Influence
of the process temperature on the forming behaviour and the friction during bulk
forming of high nitrogen steel, vol. 1. 2020.
mla: Kuball, Clara-Maria, et al., editors. Influence of the Process Temperature
on the Forming Behaviour and the Friction during Bulk Forming of High Nitrogen
Steel. 100023, 2020, doi:10.1016/j.jajp.2020.100023.
short: C.-M. Kuball, R. Jung, B. Uhe, G. Meschut, M. Merklein, eds., Influence of
the Process Temperature on the Forming Behaviour and the Friction during Bulk
Forming of High Nitrogen Steel, 2020.
date_created: 2020-10-12T08:23:27Z
date_updated: 2026-02-27T10:45:08Z
department:
- _id: '157'
doi: 10.1016/j.jajp.2020.100023
editor:
- first_name: Clara-Maria
full_name: Kuball, Clara-Maria
last_name: Kuball
- first_name: R
full_name: Jung, R
last_name: Jung
- first_name: Benedikt
full_name: Uhe, Benedikt
id: '38131'
last_name: Uhe
- first_name: Gerson
full_name: Meschut, Gerson
id: '32056'
last_name: Meschut
orcid: 0000-0002-2763-1246
- first_name: Marion
full_name: Merklein, Marion
last_name: Merklein
intvolume: ' 1'
keyword:
- High nitrogen steel
- Self-piercing riveting
- Joining by forming
- Bulk forming
- Strain hardening
language:
- iso: eng
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
series_title: Journal of Advanced Joining Processes
status: public
title: Influence of the process temperature on the forming behaviour and the friction
during bulk forming of high nitrogen steel
type: conference_editor
user_id: '53912'
volume: 1
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '34441'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The state of the art industrial manufacturing process to produce shafts as
counter surfaces for radial shaft seal rings is plunge grinding. This process
consists of three major steps. The blank is turned to a slight diameter-oversize
followed by the heat treatment and the hard-finishing by plunge grinding. The
geometric surface structures of the resulting shafts in general exhibit a stochastic
distribution. These surface characteristics contribute to a reliable and stable
sealing functionality. And the surface and subsurface hardness generally leads
to a higher wear resistance of the shaft. Motivated by economic benefits and in
order to achieve a compact production process for at least ten years, turning
is investigated as an alternative manufacturing process. However due to the resulting
lead structure on the shaft surface and the associated risk of leakage it has
not become prevalent yet. In this paper turned shafts of the metastable austenitic
steel AISI 347 (1.4550, X6CrNiNb1810) are investigated as alternative material
for counter surfaces of radial shaft seal rings and compared to turned shafts
of carburized AISI 5115 (1.7131, 16MnCr5). In addition to surfaces dry turned
at room-temperature, cryogenic turned AISI 347 counter surfaces are analyzed.
By applying cryogenic cooling, the formation of deformation-induced α′-martensite
in the surface layer is possible during the turning process. Endurance tests in
radial shaft seal ring test rigs are performed and complemented with detailed
investigations of microstructure, micro-hardness and surface topography. The results
are compared to results of state of the art ground AISI 5115 shafts.
author:
- first_name: D.
full_name: Frölich, D.
last_name: Frölich
- first_name: Balázs
full_name: Magyar, Balázs
id: '97759'
last_name: Magyar
- first_name: B.
full_name: Sauer, B.
last_name: Sauer
- first_name: P.
full_name: Mayer, P.
last_name: Mayer
- first_name: B.
full_name: Kirsch, B.
last_name: Kirsch
- first_name: J.C.
full_name: Aurich, J.C.
last_name: Aurich
- first_name: R.
full_name: Skorupski, R.
last_name: Skorupski
- first_name: M.
full_name: Smaga, M.
last_name: Smaga
- first_name: T.
full_name: Beck, T.
last_name: Beck
- first_name: D.
full_name: Eifler, D.
last_name: Eifler
citation:
ama: Frölich D, Magyar B, Sauer B, et al. Investigation of wear resistance of dry
and cryogenic turned metastable austenitic steel shafts and dry turned and ground
carburized steel shafts in the radial shaft seal ring system. Wear. 2015;328-329:123-131.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2015.02.004
apa: Frölich, D., Magyar, B., Sauer, B., Mayer, P., Kirsch, B., Aurich, J. C., Skorupski,
R., Smaga, M., Beck, T., & Eifler, D. (2015). Investigation of wear resistance
of dry and cryogenic turned metastable austenitic steel shafts and dry turned
and ground carburized steel shafts in the radial shaft seal ring system. Wear,
328–329, 123–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2015.02.004
bibtex: '@article{Frölich_Magyar_Sauer_Mayer_Kirsch_Aurich_Skorupski_Smaga_Beck_Eifler_2015,
title={Investigation of wear resistance of dry and cryogenic turned metastable
austenitic steel shafts and dry turned and ground carburized steel shafts in the
radial shaft seal ring system}, volume={328–329}, DOI={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2015.02.004},
journal={Wear}, author={Frölich, D. and Magyar, Balázs and Sauer, B. and Mayer,
P. and Kirsch, B. and Aurich, J.C. and Skorupski, R. and Smaga, M. and Beck, T.
and Eifler, D.}, year={2015}, pages={123–131} }'
chicago: 'Frölich, D., Balázs Magyar, B. Sauer, P. Mayer, B. Kirsch, J.C. Aurich,
R. Skorupski, M. Smaga, T. Beck, and D. Eifler. “Investigation of Wear Resistance
of Dry and Cryogenic Turned Metastable Austenitic Steel Shafts and Dry Turned
and Ground Carburized Steel Shafts in the Radial Shaft Seal Ring System.” Wear
328–329 (2015): 123–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2015.02.004.'
ieee: 'D. Frölich et al., “Investigation of wear resistance of dry and cryogenic
turned metastable austenitic steel shafts and dry turned and ground carburized
steel shafts in the radial shaft seal ring system,” Wear, vol. 328–329,
pp. 123–131, 2015, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2015.02.004.'
mla: Frölich, D., et al. “Investigation of Wear Resistance of Dry and Cryogenic
Turned Metastable Austenitic Steel Shafts and Dry Turned and Ground Carburized
Steel Shafts in the Radial Shaft Seal Ring System.” Wear, vol. 328–329,
2015, pp. 123–31, doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2015.02.004.
short: D. Frölich, B. Magyar, B. Sauer, P. Mayer, B. Kirsch, J.C. Aurich, R. Skorupski,
M. Smaga, T. Beck, D. Eifler, Wear 328–329 (2015) 123–131.
date_created: 2022-12-15T10:17:23Z
date_updated: 2022-12-15T10:18:54Z
department:
- _id: '146'
doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2015.02.004
extern: '1'
keyword:
- Radial shaft seal ring
- Shaft surface
- Cryogenic turning
- Metastable austenitic steel
- Deformation-induced martensite formation
language:
- iso: eng
page: 123-131
publication: Wear
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0043-1648
status: public
title: Investigation of wear resistance of dry and cryogenic turned metastable austenitic
steel shafts and dry turned and ground carburized steel shafts in the radial shaft
seal ring system
type: journal_article
user_id: '38077'
volume: 328-329
year: '2015'
...