---
_id: '43441'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "This paper reveals the 3D character of the intermetallic layer at the aluminum–steel
    interface which pops\r\nup above the original sample surface during annealing.
    Popping out of the intermetallics was proven using\r\natomic force microscopy.
    The phase expands out of the plane due to the exothermic formation of the Al5Fe2\r\nphase
    and the feasibility of surface diffusion. Milling by a focused ion beam enabled
    the comparison of the\r\nchemical composition of the surface layer with the bulk
    interface, showing no difference. The growth direction\r\nis both towards aluminum
    and steel — the main diffusion flux is from aluminum towards steel, and the new\r\nintermetallic
    phase emerges at the steel side. The shortage of Al atoms causes a shift of the
    intermetallic as a\r\nwhole towards aluminum."
article_number: '112043'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Michaela
  full_name: Šlapáková, Michaela
  last_name: Šlapáková
- first_name: Barbora
  full_name: Kihoulou, Barbora
  last_name: Kihoulou
- first_name: Jozef
  full_name: Veselý, Jozef
  last_name: Veselý
- first_name: Peter
  full_name: Minárik, Peter
  last_name: Minárik
- first_name: Klaudia
  full_name: Fekete, Klaudia
  last_name: Fekete
- first_name: Michal
  full_name: Knapek, Michal
  last_name: Knapek
- first_name: Rostislav
  full_name: Králík, Rostislav
  last_name: Králík
- first_name: Olexandr
  full_name: Grydin, Olexandr
  id: '43822'
  last_name: Grydin
- first_name: Mykhailo
  full_name: Stolbchenko, Mykhailo
  last_name: Stolbchenko
- first_name: Mirko
  full_name: Schaper, Mirko
  id: '43720'
  last_name: Schaper
citation:
  ama: Šlapáková M, Kihoulou B, Veselý J, et al. 3D-structure of intermetallic interface
    layer in Al–steel clad material. <i>Vacuum</i>. 2023;212. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043">10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043</a>
  apa: Šlapáková, M., Kihoulou, B., Veselý, J., Minárik, P., Fekete, K., Knapek, M.,
    Králík, R., Grydin, O., Stolbchenko, M., &#38; Schaper, M. (2023). 3D-structure
    of intermetallic interface layer in Al–steel clad material. <i>Vacuum</i>, <i>212</i>,
    Article 112043. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Šlapáková_Kihoulou_Veselý_Minárik_Fekete_Knapek_Králík_Grydin_Stolbchenko_Schaper_2023,
    title={3D-structure of intermetallic interface layer in Al–steel clad material},
    volume={212}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043">10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043</a>},
    number={112043}, journal={Vacuum}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Šlapáková,
    Michaela and Kihoulou, Barbora and Veselý, Jozef and Minárik, Peter and Fekete,
    Klaudia and Knapek, Michal and Králík, Rostislav and Grydin, Olexandr and Stolbchenko,
    Mykhailo and Schaper, Mirko}, year={2023} }'
  chicago: Šlapáková, Michaela, Barbora Kihoulou, Jozef Veselý, Peter Minárik, Klaudia
    Fekete, Michal Knapek, Rostislav Králík, Olexandr Grydin, Mykhailo Stolbchenko,
    and Mirko Schaper. “3D-Structure of Intermetallic Interface Layer in Al–Steel
    Clad Material.” <i>Vacuum</i> 212 (2023). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043</a>.
  ieee: 'M. Šlapáková <i>et al.</i>, “3D-structure of intermetallic interface layer
    in Al–steel clad material,” <i>Vacuum</i>, vol. 212, Art. no. 112043, 2023, doi:
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043">10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043</a>.'
  mla: Šlapáková, Michaela, et al. “3D-Structure of Intermetallic Interface Layer
    in Al–Steel Clad Material.” <i>Vacuum</i>, vol. 212, 112043, Elsevier BV, 2023,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043">10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043</a>.
  short: M. Šlapáková, B. Kihoulou, J. Veselý, P. Minárik, K. Fekete, M. Knapek, R.
    Králík, O. Grydin, M. Stolbchenko, M. Schaper, Vacuum 212 (2023).
date_created: 2023-04-08T17:24:40Z
date_updated: 2023-06-01T14:22:15Z
department:
- _id: '158'
doi: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2023.112043
intvolume: '       212'
keyword:
- Al-steel clad
- twin-roll casting
- 3D characterization
- atomic force microscopy
- diffusion direction
- surface growth
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Vacuum
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0042-207X
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 3D-structure of intermetallic interface layer in Al–steel clad material
type: journal_article
user_id: '43720'
volume: 212
year: '2023'
...