@unpublished{43246, abstract = {{The biexciton-exciton emission cascade commonly used in quantum-dot systems to generate polarization entanglement yields photons with intrinsically limited indistinguishability. In the present work we focus on the generation of pairs of photons with high degrees of polarization entanglement and simultaneously high indistinguishibility. We achieve this goal by selectively reducing the biexciton lifetime with an optical resonator. We demonstrate that a suitably tailored circular Bragg reflector fulfills the requirements of sufficient selective Purcell enhancement of biexciton emission paired with spectrally broad photon extraction and two-fold degenerate optical modes. Our in-depth theoretical study combines (i) the optimization of realistic photonic structures solving Maxwell's equations from which model parameters are extracted as input for (ii) microscopic simulations of quantum-dot cavity excitation dynamics with full access to photon properties. We report non-trivial dependencies on system parameters and use the predictive power of our combined theoretical approach to determine the optimal range of Purcell enhancement that maximizes indistinguishability and entanglement to near unity values in the telecom C-band at $1550\,\mathrm{nm}$.}}, author = {{Bauch, David and Siebert, Dustin and Jöns, Klaus and Förstner, Jens and Schumacher, Stefan}}, keywords = {{tet_topic_phc, tet_topic_qd}}, title = {{{On-demand indistinguishable and entangled photons at telecom frequencies using tailored cavity designs}}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{4831, abstract = {{Polarization of light is essential for some living organisms and many optical applications. Here, an orientation dependent polarization conversion effect is reported for light reflected from diamond‐structure‐based photonic crystals (D‐structure) inside the scales of a beetle, the weevil Entimus imperialis. When linearly polarized light propagates along its 〈100〉 directions, the D‐structure behaves analogous to a half‐wave plate in reflection but based on a different mechanism. The D‐structure rotates the polarization direction of linearly polarized light, and reflects circularly polarized light of both handednesses without changing it. This polarization effect is different from circular dichroism occurring in chiral biological photonic structures discovered before. The structural origin of this effect is symmetry breaking inside D‐structure's unit cell. This finding demonstrates that natural photonic structures can exploit multiple functionalities inherent to the design principles of their structural organization. Aiming at transferring the inherent polarization effect of the biological D‐structure to technically realizable materials, three simplified biomimetic structural models are derived and it is theoretically demonstrated that they retain the effect. Out of these structures, functioning woodpile structure prototypes are fabricated.}}, author = {{Wu, Xia and Rodríguez-Gallegos, Fernando L. and Heep, Marie-Christin and Schwind, Bertram and Li, Guixin and Fabritius, Helge-Otto and von Freymann, Georg and Förstner, Jens}}, issn = {{2195-1071}}, journal = {{Advanced Optical Materials}}, keywords = {{tet_topic_phc, tet_topic_bio}}, number = {{24}}, pages = {{1800635}}, publisher = {{Wiley}}, title = {{{Polarization Conversion Effect in Biological and Synthetic Photonic Diamond Structures}}}, doi = {{10.1002/adom.201800635}}, volume = {{6}}, year = {{2018}}, } @article{1430, author = {{Hoffmann, Sandro P. and Albert, Maximilian and Weber, Nils and Sievers, Denis and Förstner, Jens and Zentgraf, Thomas and Meier, Cedrik}}, issn = {{2330-4022}}, journal = {{ACS Photonics}}, keywords = {{tet_topic_phc}}, pages = {{1933--1942}}, publisher = {{American Chemical Society (ACS)}}, title = {{{Tailored UV Emission by Nonlinear IR Excitation from ZnO Photonic Crystal Nanocavities}}}, doi = {{10.1021/acsphotonics.7b01228}}, volume = {{5}}, year = {{2018}}, } @article{3841, abstract = {{We present phase sensitive cavity field measurements on photonic crystal microcavities. The experiments have been performed as autocorrelation measurements with ps double pulse laser excitation for resonant and detuned conditions. Measured E-field autocorrelation functions reveal a very strong detuning dependence of the phase shift between laser and cavity field and of the autocorrelation amplitude of the cavity field. The fully resolved phase information allows for a precise frequency discrimination and hence for a precise measurement of the detuning between laser and cavity. The behavior of the autocorrelation amplitude and phase and their detuning dependence can be fully described by an analytic model. Furthermore, coherent control of the cavity field is demonstrated by tailored laser excitation with phase and amplitude controlled pulses. The experimental proof and verification of the above described phenomena became possible by an electric detection scheme, which employs planar photonic crystal microcavity photo diodes with metallic Schottky contacts in the defect region of the resonator. The applied photo current detection was shown to work also efficiently at room temperature, which make electrically contacted microcavities attractive for real world applications.}}, author = {{Quiring, Wadim and Jonas, Björn and Förstner, Jens and Rai, Ashish K. and Reuter, Dirk and Wieck, Andreas D. and Zrenner, Artur}}, issn = {{1094-4087}}, journal = {{Optics Express}}, keywords = {{tet_topic_phc}}, number = {{18}}, pages = {{20672--20684}}, publisher = {{The Optical Society}}, title = {{{Phase sensitive properties and coherent manipulation of a photonic crystal microcavity}}}, doi = {{10.1364/oe.24.020672}}, volume = {{24}}, year = {{2016}}, } @article{3888, abstract = {{We successfully developed a process to fabricate freestanding cubic aluminium nitride (c-AlN) membranes containing cubic gallium nitride (c-GaN) quantum dots (QDs). The samples were grown by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). To realize the photonic crystal (PhC) membrane we have chosen a triangular array of holes. The array was fabricated by electron beam lithography and several steps of reactive ion etching (RIE) with the help of a hard mask and an undercut of the active layer. The r/a- ratio of 0.35 was deter- mined by numerical simulations to obtain a preferably wide photonic band gap. Micro-photoluminescence (μ-PL) measurements of the photonic crystals, in particular of a H1 and a L3 cavity, and the emission of the QD ensemble were performed to characterize the samples. The PhCs show high quality factors of 4400 for the H1 cavity and about 5000/3000 for two different modes of the L3 cavity, respectively. The energy of the fundamental modes is in good agreement to the numerical simulations. }}, author = {{Blumenthal, Sarah and Bürger, Matthias and Hildebrandt, Andre and Förstner, Jens and Weber, Nils and Meier, Cedrik and Reuter, Dirk and As, Donat J.}}, issn = {{1862-6351}}, journal = {{physica status solidi (c)}}, keywords = {{tet_topic_phc, tet_topic_qd}}, number = {{5-6}}, pages = {{292--296}}, publisher = {{Wiley}}, title = {{{Fabrication and characterization of two-dimensional cubic AlN photonic crystal membranes containing zincblende GaN quantum dots}}}, doi = {{10.1002/pssc.201600010}}, volume = {{13}}, year = {{2016}}, } @inbook{3941, author = {{Declair, Stefan and Förstner, Jens}}, booktitle = {{Handbook of Optical Microcavities}}, editor = {{Choi, Anthony H.W.}}, keywords = {{tet_topic_phc}}, publisher = {{Pan Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd.}}, title = {{{Simulation of Planar Photonic Resonators}}}, volume = {{Kapitel 2}}, year = {{2014}}, } @article{3972, abstract = {{Using a finite-difference time-domain method, we theoretically investigate the optical spectra of crossing perpendicular photonic crystal waveguides with quantum dots embedded in the central rod. The waveguides are designed so that the light mainly propagates along one direction and the cross talk is greatly reduced in the transverse direction. It is shown that when a quantum dot (QD) is resonant with the cavity, strong coupling can be observed via both the transmission and crosstalk spectrum. If the cavity is far off-resonant from the QD, both the cavity mode and the QD signal can be detected in the transverse direction since the laser field is greatly suppressed in this direction. This structure could have strong implications for resonant excitation and in-plane detection of QD optical spectroscopy.}}, author = {{Song, Xiaohong and Declair, Stefan and Meier, Torsten and Zrenner, Artur and Förstner, Jens}}, issn = {{1094-4087}}, journal = {{Optics Express}}, keywords = {{tet_topic_phc, tet_topic_qd}}, number = {{13}}, pages = {{14130--14136}}, publisher = {{The Optical Society}}, title = {{{Photonic crystal waveguides intersection for resonant quantum dot optical spectroscopy detection}}}, doi = {{10.1364/oe.20.014130}}, volume = {{20}}, year = {{2012}}, } @inproceedings{4043, abstract = {{We present numerical results of the mutual coupling between photonic crystal cavities and semiconductor quantum dots. Normal mode splitting between a single cavity mode and a single quantum dot is shown under weak excitation, while under strong excitation Q‐factor dependent side bands appear, according to the AC‐Stark effect. Coupled photonic crystals, aligned parallel but displaced under a 30°‐angle for efficient coupling, show line splittings of all eigenmodes, if a single eigenmode is resonantly coupled to a single quantum dot. The mutual coupling of N resonant quantum dots to a single cavity mode results in a N−−√ scaling of the splitting, known from quantum optics, but corrected by the field amplitude fraction for not collocated quantum dots.}}, author = {{Declair, S. and Song, X. and Meier, Torsten and Förstner, Jens}}, booktitle = {{THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP 2011}}, keywords = {{tet_topic_phc, tet_topic_qd}}, location = {{Bad Honnef}}, number = {{123}}, pages = {{123--125}}, publisher = {{AIP}}, title = {{{Simulation of Mutual Coupling of Photonic Crystal Cavity Modes and Semiconductor Quantum Dots}}}, doi = {{10.1063/1.3644232}}, volume = {{1398}}, year = {{2011}}, } @article{4118, abstract = {{We numerically investigate the coupling between circular resonators and study strong light‐matter coupling of single as well as multiple circular resonators to quantum‐mechanical resonators in two dimensional model simulations. For all cases, the computed resonances of the coupled system as function of the detuning show anti‐crossings. The obtained mode splittings of coupled optical resonators are strongly depending on distance and cluster in almost degenerate eigenstates for large distances, as is known from coupled resonator optical waveguides. Vacuum Rabi splitting is observed for a quantum dot strongly coupled to eigenmodes of single perfectly cylindrical resonators. }}, author = {{Declair, S. and Meier, Torsten and Förstner, Jens}}, issn = {{1862-6351}}, journal = {{physica status solidi (c)}}, keywords = {{tet_topic_phc, tet_topic_microdisk}}, number = {{4}}, pages = {{1254--1257}}, publisher = {{Wiley}}, title = {{{Numerical investigation of the coupling between microdisk modes and quantum dots}}}, doi = {{10.1002/pssc.201000869}}, volume = {{8}}, year = {{2011}}, } @article{4040, abstract = {{We numerically investigate the interaction dynamics of coupled cavities in planar photonic crystal slabs in different configurations. The single cavity is optimized for a long lifetime of the fundamental mode, reaching a Q-factor of ≈43, 000 using the method of gentle confinement. For pairs of cavities we consider several configurations and present a setup with strongest coupling observable as a line splitting of about 30 nm. Based on this configuration, setups with three cavities are investigated.}}, author = {{Declair, S. and Meier, Torsten and Zrenner, Artur and Förstner, Jens}}, issn = {{1569-4410}}, journal = {{Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications}}, keywords = {{tet_topic_phc}}, number = {{4}}, pages = {{345--350}}, publisher = {{Elsevier BV}}, title = {{{Numerical analysis of coupled photonic crystal cavities}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.photonics.2011.04.012}}, volume = {{9}}, year = {{2011}}, } @article{4252, abstract = {{The electromagnetic field of a high-quality photonic crystal nanocavity is computed using the finite difference time domain method. It is shown that a separatrix occurs in the local energy flux discriminating between predominantly near and far field components. Placing a two-level atom into the cavity leads to characteristic field modifications and normalmode splitting in the transmission spectra.}}, author = {{Dineen, C. and Förstner, Jens and Zakharian, A.R. and Moloney, J.V. and Koch, S.W.}}, issn = {{1094-4087}}, journal = {{Optics Express}}, keywords = {{tet_topic_phc}}, number = {{13}}, publisher = {{The Optical Society}}, title = {{{Electromagnetic field structure and normal mode coupling in photonic crystal nanocavities}}}, doi = {{10.1364/opex.13.004980}}, volume = {{13}}, year = {{2005}}, } @phdthesis{4319, abstract = {{In dieser Arbeit wird eine Theorie vorgestellt, welche die quantenmechanische Vielteilchenphysik der Licht-Materie Wechselwirkung in Halbleiternanostrukturen beschreibt. Diese mikroskopische Beschreibung wird durch Kombination eines allgemeinen Dichtematrixansatzes mit speziellen Methoden zur Auswertung der Maxwellgleichungen wie der zeitaufgelösten Finite-Differenzen-Methode (FDTD) erreicht. Die Theorie wird auf verschiedene physikalische Situationen angewendet, wie z.B. Lichtausbreitung in Volumenhalbleitern, Interband- und Intersubbandübergänge in Quantenfilmstrukturen und optische Anregung von Quantenpunkten. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf der Beschreibung der linearen und nichtlinearen Antwort des Vielteilchensystems und seiner Ankopplung an das elektromagnetische Feld. In diesem Zusammenhang wird sowohl die Erzeugung als auch der Zerfall von optischen Anregungen untersucht, indem verschiedene Kopplungsmechanismen wie Elektron-Phonon-, Elektron-Photon- und Elektron-Elektron-Wechselwirkung berücksichtigt werden. Im Bereich der linearen Optik, also für Anregung mit geringer Intensität, ermöglicht die Theorie die Berechnung von Absorptionsspektren. Verschiedene Effekte in linearer Optik werden in dieser Arbeit untersucht und beschrieben: Linienaufspaltung durch Polaritonen im Volumenmaterial, Zunahme der Linienbreite bei Intersubbandübergängen verursacht durch Elektron-Elektron- und Elektron- Phonon-Streuung in einzelnen Quantenfilmen, Bildung einer optischen Bandlücke durch starke radiative Kopplung in Vielfilmstrukturen in Bragg-Geometrie, Phononenseitenbänder verursacht durch quantenkinetische Effekte in einzelnen Quantenpunkten und schliesslich Superradianz und Interferenzeffekte in Quantenpunktgittern. Bei nichtlinearer Anregung treten Dichte-Rabiflops als fundamentale Prozesse in allen betrachteten Systemen auf und können als kohärente Be- und Entvölkerung von quantenmechanischen Zuständen beobachtet werden. Der Einfluss von starker Lichtkopplung und verschiedenen Wechselwirkungen auf dynamische Größen wie die Besetzung wird untersucht. Bei nichtlinearer Propagation, bei der sich ein starker Lichtpuls über längere Strecken in einem System bewegt, wird selbstinduzierte Verstärkung der Transmission näher betrachtet. Des weiteren werden von der Coulombwechselwirkung verursachte nichtlineare Effekte wie exzitoninduziertes Dephasieren in Volumenmaterial und verschränkte Zustände in Quantenpunkten untersucht, die einen Zusammenbruch der Hartree-Fock- Näherung darstellen. Zusammenfassend werden in dieser Arbeit verschiedene lineare und nichtlineare optische Effekte in Halbleiternanostrukturen verschiedener Dimensionalität mit Hilfe einer allgemeinen Theorie, die einen Dichtematrixansatz mit den Maxwellschen Gleichungen kombiniert, untersucht.}}, author = {{Förstner, Jens}}, keywords = {{tet_topic_qd, tet_topic_qw, tet_topic_phc}}, title = {{{Light Propagation and Many-Particle Effects in Semiconductor Nanostructures}}}, doi = {{10.14279/depositonce-999}}, year = {{2004}}, }