---
_id: '59995'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Abstract\r\n Ultrasonic transmission
measurements can be used for material characterization, as the propagation time
of sound waves and thus their velocity depends on the elastic material parameters.
Measurement results for the elastic material parameters are acquired non-destructively
using ultrasonic transmission measurements of hollow cylindrical polymer specimens.
To determine the material parameters, an inverse approach is used comparing measurements
with simulated data. Previous studies show that the procedure exhibits low sensitivity
with respect to the shear parameters of the material. In order to increase the
sensitivity, we propose to apply a spatially annular excitation on the base of
the specimen. As a measure to analyse the sensitivities with respect to all parameters
and their linear independence, we observe the volume of the parallelotope of the
sensitivity vectors. Here, a scaled boundary finite element formulation of wave
propagation in the specimen is expanded to yield derivative information directly,
and a sensitivity analysis can be carried out efficiently. Finally, the results
of this sensitivity analysis with regard to the annular excitation are also applied
to the measurement setup."
article_number: '6'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Dmitrij
full_name: Dreiling, Dmitrij
id: '32616'
last_name: Dreiling
- first_name: Dominik
full_name: Itner, Dominik
last_name: Itner
- first_name: Hauke
full_name: Gravenkamp, Hauke
last_name: Gravenkamp
- first_name: Leander
full_name: Claes, Leander
id: '11829'
last_name: Claes
orcid: 0000-0002-4393-268X
- first_name: Carolin
full_name: Birk, Carolin
last_name: Birk
- first_name: Bernd
full_name: Henning, Bernd
id: '213'
last_name: Henning
citation:
ama: Dreiling D, Itner D, Gravenkamp H, Claes L, Birk C, Henning B. Increasing the
sensitivity of ultrasonic transmission measurements for elastic material parameter
estimation. Measurement Science and Technology. 2025;36. doi:10.1088/1361-6501/add9b6
apa: Dreiling, D., Itner, D., Gravenkamp, H., Claes, L., Birk, C., & Henning,
B. (2025). Increasing the sensitivity of ultrasonic transmission measurements
for elastic material parameter estimation. Measurement Science and Technology,
36, Article 6. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/add9b6
bibtex: '@article{Dreiling_Itner_Gravenkamp_Claes_Birk_Henning_2025, title={Increasing
the sensitivity of ultrasonic transmission measurements for elastic material parameter
estimation}, volume={36}, DOI={10.1088/1361-6501/add9b6},
number={6}, journal={Measurement Science and Technology}, publisher={IOP Publishing},
author={Dreiling, Dmitrij and Itner, Dominik and Gravenkamp, Hauke and Claes,
Leander and Birk, Carolin and Henning, Bernd}, year={2025} }'
chicago: Dreiling, Dmitrij, Dominik Itner, Hauke Gravenkamp, Leander Claes, Carolin
Birk, and Bernd Henning. “Increasing the Sensitivity of Ultrasonic Transmission
Measurements for Elastic Material Parameter Estimation.” Measurement Science
and Technology 36 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/add9b6.
ieee: 'D. Dreiling, D. Itner, H. Gravenkamp, L. Claes, C. Birk, and B. Henning,
“Increasing the sensitivity of ultrasonic transmission measurements for elastic
material parameter estimation,” Measurement Science and Technology, vol.
36, Art. no. 6, 2025, doi: 10.1088/1361-6501/add9b6.'
mla: Dreiling, Dmitrij, et al. “Increasing the Sensitivity of Ultrasonic Transmission
Measurements for Elastic Material Parameter Estimation.” Measurement Science
and Technology, vol. 36, 6, IOP Publishing, 2025, doi:10.1088/1361-6501/add9b6.
short: D. Dreiling, D. Itner, H. Gravenkamp, L. Claes, C. Birk, B. Henning, Measurement
Science and Technology 36 (2025).
date_created: 2025-05-19T13:30:39Z
date_updated: 2025-05-27T15:03:38Z
department:
- _id: '49'
doi: 10.1088/1361-6501/add9b6
funded_apc: '1'
intvolume: ' 36'
keyword:
- Sensitivity analysis
- Ultrasonic transducer
- Guided waves
- Polymers
- Gram determinant
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6501/add9b6
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '89'
grant_number: '409779252'
name: 'VaMP: Vollständige Bestimmung der akustischen Materialparameter von Polymeren'
publication: Measurement Science and Technology
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0957-0233
- 1361-6501
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Increasing the sensitivity of ultrasonic transmission measurements for elastic
material parameter estimation
type: journal_article
user_id: '32616'
volume: 36
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '64798'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Lead-containing piezoelectric ceramics are still the base for today’s ultrasonic
transducers used in broad applications. This is partly due to missing powerful
lead-free piezoelectric ceramic parts in the commercial market. There has been
much research on lead-free materials but developing them into marketable parts
seems to be an ongoing process. The actual exemption of ROHS has expired, but
as the new exemption has already been requested, ceramic suppliers keep on selling
lead containing products. Nevertheless, these should be replaced by lead-free
alternatives for environmental and health issues. \r\nThis contribution focuses
on exploring the technological readiness level of lead-free hard piezoceramics
for prestressed ultrasonic transducers. A small series of bolted Langevin transducers
was set up with standard PZT material and three commercial lead-free variants.
Results of the building process from individual ring ceramic characteristics to
transducer load tests are presented. The main finding of this study is that the
lead-free materials technically can compete with the standard PZT for medium-power
applications. Some adaptations in the ultrasonic system must be done: the geometry
must be altered to fit resonance frequency, and higher voltages or thinner ceramics
are needed to achieve the same vibration level at low load. For reaching same
power, the volume of lead-free ceramics must be 1.5 to 3 times larger. As already
promoted in literature, mechanical losses at high vibration levels are smaller
for the lead-free materials. This might help to argument lead-free piezoelectric
materials in some applications.\r\n\r\nReferences\r\n1.\tDirective 2011/65/EU
of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2011 on the Restriction
of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment.
EUR-Lex Document 02011L0065-20240801. Available online: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2011/65/2024-08-01
(accessed on 24 January 2025).\r\n2.\tLangevin, P. (1918) Method and Apparatus
for Transmitting and Receiving Submarine Elastic Waves Using the Piezoelectric
Properties of Quartz. French Patent Office; Patent No. FR505703.\r\n3.\tHemsel,
T.; Twiefel, J. (2023) Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Power Transducers. In Encyclopedia
of Materials: Electronics; Academic Press: Oxford, UK; pp. 276–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-819728-8.00047-4.\r\n4.\tATHENA
Technologie Beratung GmbH (2025) Description of Ultrasound Generator. Available
online: http://shop.myathena.de/epages/12074748.sf/de_DE/?ObjectPath=/Shops/12074748/Products/AM200
(accessed on 13 January 2025).\r\n5.\tLittmann, W.; Hemsel, T.; Kauczor, C.; Wallaschek,
J.; Sinha, W. (2003) Load-adaptive phase-controller for resonant driven piezoelectric
devices. Proc. World Congr. Ultrason. 2003, 48, 547–550.\r\n6.\tScheidemann, C.,
Bornmann, P., Littmann, W., & Hemsel, T. (2025). Lead-Free Ceramics in Prestressed
Ultrasonic Transducers. Actuators, 14(2), 55. https://doi.org/10.3390/act14020055\r\n"
author:
- first_name: Claus
full_name: Scheidemann, Claus
id: '38259'
last_name: Scheidemann
- first_name: Peter
full_name: Bornmann, Peter
last_name: Bornmann
- first_name: Walter
full_name: Littmann, Walter
last_name: Littmann
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Hemsel, Tobias
id: '210'
last_name: Hemsel
citation:
ama: 'Scheidemann C, Bornmann P, Littmann W, Hemsel T. Bolted Langevin transducers
with leadfree piezoelectric ceramics. In: ; 2025.'
apa: Scheidemann, C., Bornmann, P., Littmann, W., & Hemsel, T. (2025). Bolted
Langevin transducers with leadfree piezoelectric ceramics. International Workshop
on Piezoelectric Materials and Applications in Actuators (IWPMA), Vilnius, Lithuania.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Scheidemann_Bornmann_Littmann_Hemsel_2025, title={Bolted
Langevin transducers with leadfree piezoelectric ceramics}, author={Scheidemann,
Claus and Bornmann, Peter and Littmann, Walter and Hemsel, Tobias}, year={2025}
}'
chicago: Scheidemann, Claus, Peter Bornmann, Walter Littmann, and Tobias Hemsel.
“Bolted Langevin Transducers with Leadfree Piezoelectric Ceramics,” 2025.
ieee: C. Scheidemann, P. Bornmann, W. Littmann, and T. Hemsel, “Bolted Langevin
transducers with leadfree piezoelectric ceramics,” presented at the International
Workshop on Piezoelectric Materials and Applications in Actuators (IWPMA), Vilnius,
Lithuania, 2025.
mla: Scheidemann, Claus, et al. Bolted Langevin Transducers with Leadfree Piezoelectric
Ceramics. 2025.
short: 'C. Scheidemann, P. Bornmann, W. Littmann, T. Hemsel, in: 2025.'
conference:
end_date: 2025-07-03
location: Vilnius, Lithuania
name: International Workshop on Piezoelectric Materials and Applications in Actuators
(IWPMA)
start_date: 2025-07-01
date_created: 2026-03-02T10:39:40Z
date_updated: 2026-03-02T11:04:56Z
ddc:
- '620'
department:
- _id: '151'
file:
- access_level: open_access
content_type: application/pdf
creator: hemsel
date_created: 2026-03-02T10:37:46Z
date_updated: 2026-03-02T11:00:37Z
file_id: '64799'
file_name: IWPMA_2025_Hemsel.pdf
file_size: 1812289
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2026-03-02T11:00:37Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- lead free piezoelectric ceramics
- bolted Langevin transducer
- medium power ultrasound.
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
status: public
title: Bolted Langevin transducers with leadfree piezoelectric ceramics
type: conference
user_id: '210'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '51518'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: In applications of piezoelectric actuators and sensors, the dependability
and particularly the reliability throughout their lifetime are vital to manufacturers
and end-users and are enabled through condition-monitoring approaches. Existing
approaches often utilize impedance measurements over a range of frequencies or
velocity measurements and require additional equipment or sensors, such as a laser
Doppler vibrometer. Furthermore, the non-negligible effects of varying operating
conditions are often unconsidered. To minimize the need for additional sensors
while maintaining the dependability of piezoelectric bending actuators irrespective
of varying operating conditions, an online diagnostics approach is proposed. To
this end, time- and frequency-domain features are extracted from monitored current
signals to reflect hairline crack development in bending actuators. For validation
of applicability, the presented analysis method was evaluated on piezoelectric
bending actuators subjected to accelerated lifetime tests at varying voltage amplitudes
and under external damping conditions. In the presence of a crack and due to a
diminished stiffness, the resonance frequency decreases and the root-mean-square
amplitude of the current signal simultaneously abruptly drops during the lifetime
tests. Furthermore, the piezoelectric crack surfaces clapping is reflected in
higher harmonics of the current signal. Thus, time-domain features and harmonics
of the current signals are sufficient to diagnose hairline cracks in the actuators.
article_number: '521'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Osarenren Kennedy
full_name: Aimiyekagbon, Osarenren Kennedy
id: '9557'
last_name: Aimiyekagbon
- first_name: Amelie
full_name: Bender, Amelie
id: '54290'
last_name: Bender
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Hemsel, Tobias
id: '210'
last_name: Hemsel
- first_name: Walter
full_name: Sextro, Walter
id: '21220'
last_name: Sextro
citation:
ama: Aimiyekagbon OK, Bender A, Hemsel T, Sextro W. Diagnostics of Piezoelectric
Bending Actuators Subjected to Varying Operating Conditions. Electronics.
2024;13(3). doi:10.3390/electronics13030521
apa: Aimiyekagbon, O. K., Bender, A., Hemsel, T., & Sextro, W. (2024). Diagnostics
of Piezoelectric Bending Actuators Subjected to Varying Operating Conditions.
Electronics, 13(3), Article 521. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13030521
bibtex: '@article{Aimiyekagbon_Bender_Hemsel_Sextro_2024, title={Diagnostics of
Piezoelectric Bending Actuators Subjected to Varying Operating Conditions}, volume={13},
DOI={10.3390/electronics13030521},
number={3521}, journal={Electronics}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Aimiyekagbon,
Osarenren Kennedy and Bender, Amelie and Hemsel, Tobias and Sextro, Walter}, year={2024}
}'
chicago: Aimiyekagbon, Osarenren Kennedy, Amelie Bender, Tobias Hemsel, and Walter
Sextro. “Diagnostics of Piezoelectric Bending Actuators Subjected to Varying Operating
Conditions.” Electronics 13, no. 3 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13030521.
ieee: 'O. K. Aimiyekagbon, A. Bender, T. Hemsel, and W. Sextro, “Diagnostics of
Piezoelectric Bending Actuators Subjected to Varying Operating Conditions,” Electronics,
vol. 13, no. 3, Art. no. 521, 2024, doi: 10.3390/electronics13030521.'
mla: Aimiyekagbon, Osarenren Kennedy, et al. “Diagnostics of Piezoelectric Bending
Actuators Subjected to Varying Operating Conditions.” Electronics, vol.
13, no. 3, 521, MDPI AG, 2024, doi:10.3390/electronics13030521.
short: O.K. Aimiyekagbon, A. Bender, T. Hemsel, W. Sextro, Electronics 13 (2024).
date_created: 2024-02-20T06:46:43Z
date_updated: 2024-03-15T16:15:56Z
department:
- _id: '151'
doi: 10.3390/electronics13030521
funded_apc: '1'
intvolume: ' 13'
issue: '3'
keyword:
- piezoelectric transducer
- self-sensing
- fault detection
- diagnostics
- hairline crack
- condition monitoring
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Electronics
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2079-9292
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Diagnostics of Piezoelectric Bending Actuators Subjected to Varying Operating
Conditions
type: journal_article
user_id: '9557'
volume: 13
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '33500'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'This article is dedicated to piezoelectric ultrasonic power transducers that
differ to well known medical ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus or non destructive
testing devices by the level of power in use; typically several tens of up to
more than thousand watts are used in a multitude of different applications. After
a short introduction including historical development, the first focus is on theoretical
background of the operating principle, design and mechanical modeling. As piezoelectric
elements transform electrical to mechanical energy and vice versa, equivalent
circuit modeling is also described. After that, sample applications are delineated
by the matter wherein ultrasound generates unique effects: incredible high pressure
level as well in air as in water, micro-bubbles generating temperature peaks for
very short time instances in fluids, acoustoplastic effect, enhancement of diffusion
and recrystallization in solids, friction manipulation, incremental deformation
and micro-cracking of surfaces, or even generation of macroscopic movements in
motors. At the end, some future directions ranging from novel modeling approaches
to advanced control and new materials are addressed.'
author:
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Hemsel, Tobias
id: '210'
last_name: Hemsel
- first_name: Jens
full_name: Twiefel, Jens
last_name: Twiefel
citation:
ama: 'Hemsel T, Twiefel J. Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Power Transducers. In: Reference
Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering. Elsevier; 2022. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819728-8.00047-4'
apa: Hemsel, T., & Twiefel, J. (2022). Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Power Transducers.
In Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering. Elsevier.
https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-819728-8.00047-4
bibtex: '@inbook{Hemsel_Twiefel_2022, title={Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Power Transducers},
DOI={10.1016/b978-0-12-819728-8.00047-4},
booktitle={Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering}, publisher={Elsevier},
author={Hemsel, Tobias and Twiefel, Jens}, year={2022} }'
chicago: Hemsel, Tobias, and Jens Twiefel. “Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Power Transducers.”
In Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering. Elsevier,
2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-819728-8.00047-4.
ieee: T. Hemsel and J. Twiefel, “Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Power Transducers,” in
Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering, Elsevier,
2022.
mla: Hemsel, Tobias, and Jens Twiefel. “Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Power Transducers.”
Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering, Elsevier,
2022, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819728-8.00047-4.
short: 'T. Hemsel, J. Twiefel, in: Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials
Engineering, Elsevier, 2022.'
date_created: 2022-09-30T09:35:16Z
date_updated: 2022-09-30T09:41:47Z
department:
- _id: '151'
doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819728-8.00047-4
keyword:
- Equivalent circuit model
- Langevin transducer
- Lumped parameter model
- Piezoelectric transducer
- Ultrasonic processes
- Ultrasound
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128197288000474
publication: Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-0-12-803581-8
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Power Transducers
type: book_chapter
user_id: '210'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '6551'
author:
- first_name: Fabian
full_name: Bause, Fabian
last_name: Bause
- first_name: Jens
full_name: Rautenberg, Jens
last_name: Rautenberg
- first_name: Nadine
full_name: Feldmann, Nadine
id: '23082'
last_name: Feldmann
- first_name: Manuel
full_name: Webersen, Manuel
id: '11289'
last_name: Webersen
orcid: 0000-0001-6411-4232
- first_name: Leander
full_name: Claes, Leander
id: '11829'
last_name: Claes
orcid: 0000-0002-4393-268X
- first_name: Hauke
full_name: Gravenkamp, Hauke
last_name: Gravenkamp
- first_name: Bernd
full_name: Henning, Bernd
id: '213'
last_name: Henning
citation:
ama: Bause F, Rautenberg J, Feldmann N, et al. Ultrasonic transmission measurements
in the characterization of viscoelasticity utilizing polymeric waveguides. Measurement
Science and Technology. 2016;27(10). doi:10.1088/0957-0233/27/10/105601
apa: Bause, F., Rautenberg, J., Feldmann, N., Webersen, M., Claes, L., Gravenkamp,
H., & Henning, B. (2016). Ultrasonic transmission measurements in the characterization
of viscoelasticity utilizing polymeric waveguides. Measurement Science and
Technology, 27(10). https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/27/10/105601
bibtex: '@article{Bause_Rautenberg_Feldmann_Webersen_Claes_Gravenkamp_Henning_2016,
title={Ultrasonic transmission measurements in the characterization of viscoelasticity
utilizing polymeric waveguides}, volume={27}, DOI={10.1088/0957-0233/27/10/105601},
number={10}, journal={Measurement Science and Technology}, author={Bause, Fabian
and Rautenberg, Jens and Feldmann, Nadine and Webersen, Manuel and Claes, Leander
and Gravenkamp, Hauke and Henning, Bernd}, year={2016} }'
chicago: Bause, Fabian, Jens Rautenberg, Nadine Feldmann, Manuel Webersen, Leander
Claes, Hauke Gravenkamp, and Bernd Henning. “Ultrasonic Transmission Measurements
in the Characterization of Viscoelasticity Utilizing Polymeric Waveguides.” Measurement
Science and Technology 27, no. 10 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/27/10/105601.
ieee: F. Bause et al., “Ultrasonic transmission measurements in the characterization
of viscoelasticity utilizing polymeric waveguides,” Measurement Science and
Technology, vol. 27, no. 10, 2016.
mla: Bause, Fabian, et al. “Ultrasonic Transmission Measurements in the Characterization
of Viscoelasticity Utilizing Polymeric Waveguides.” Measurement Science and
Technology, vol. 27, no. 10, 2016, doi:10.1088/0957-0233/27/10/105601.
short: F. Bause, J. Rautenberg, N. Feldmann, M. Webersen, L. Claes, H. Gravenkamp,
B. Henning, Measurement Science and Technology 27 (2016).
date_created: 2019-01-09T14:36:57Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:03:11Z
department:
- _id: '49'
doi: 10.1088/0957-0233/27/10/105601
intvolume: ' 27'
issue: '10'
keyword:
- material characterization
- material parameters
- acoustic waveguide
- daming
- ultrasonic transducer
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '52'
name: Computing Resources Provided by the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing
- _id: '87'
grant_number: '222271124'
name: Bestimmung komplexer akustischer Materialkenngrößen
publication: Measurement Science and Technology
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Ultrasonic transmission measurements in the characterization of viscoelasticity
utilizing polymeric waveguides
type: journal_article
user_id: '23082'
volume: 27
year: '2016'
...
---
_id: '13222'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: When performing measurements, the effects of the measurement system itself
on the measured data generally must be eliminated. Consequently, those effects,
i.e. the system’s dynamic behavior, need to be known. For the piezo-composite
transducers in an ultrasonic transmission line, a model based approach is used
to describe their dynamic behavior and take into account its dependence on the
environment temperature and the acoustic impedance of the target medium. Temperature-dependent
model parameters are presented, which are obtained by performing a multiplepart
identification process on the transducer model, based on electrical impedance
measurements [1]. The identification process uses an inverse approach for optimizing
a subset of the model parameters. Additionally, algorithmic differentiation methods
are used to determine accurate derivatives. In a final optimization step, impedance
measurements taken at different temperatures are used to determine the temperature
dependencies of the model parameters. These can then be used to assess the plausibility
of the identification results. Additionally, the parameters can be expressed as
polynomials in the temperature to take different operating conditions into account.
author:
- first_name: Manuel
full_name: Webersen, Manuel
id: '11289'
last_name: Webersen
orcid: 0000-0001-6411-4232
- first_name: Fabian
full_name: Bause, Fabian
last_name: Bause
- first_name: Jens
full_name: Rautenberg, Jens
last_name: Rautenberg
- first_name: Bernd
full_name: Henning, Bernd
id: '213'
last_name: Henning
citation:
ama: 'Webersen M, Bause F, Rautenberg J, Henning B. Identification of temperature-dependent
model parameters of ultrasonic piezo-composite transducers. In: AMA Service GmbH,
ed. AMA Conferences 2015. ; 2015:195-200.'
apa: Webersen, M., Bause, F., Rautenberg, J., & Henning, B. (2015). Identification
of temperature-dependent model parameters of ultrasonic piezo-composite transducers.
In AMA Service GmbH (Ed.), AMA Conferences 2015 (pp. 195–200). Nürnberg.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Webersen_Bause_Rautenberg_Henning_2015, title={Identification
of temperature-dependent model parameters of ultrasonic piezo-composite transducers},
booktitle={AMA Conferences 2015}, author={Webersen, Manuel and Bause, Fabian and
Rautenberg, Jens and Henning, Bernd}, editor={AMA Service GmbHEditor}, year={2015},
pages={195–200} }'
chicago: Webersen, Manuel, Fabian Bause, Jens Rautenberg, and Bernd Henning. “Identification
of Temperature-Dependent Model Parameters of Ultrasonic Piezo-Composite Transducers.”
In AMA Conferences 2015, edited by AMA Service GmbH, 195–200, 2015.
ieee: M. Webersen, F. Bause, J. Rautenberg, and B. Henning, “Identification of temperature-dependent
model parameters of ultrasonic piezo-composite transducers,” in AMA Conferences
2015, Nürnberg, 2015, pp. 195–200.
mla: Webersen, Manuel, et al. “Identification of Temperature-Dependent Model Parameters
of Ultrasonic Piezo-Composite Transducers.” AMA Conferences 2015, edited
by AMA Service GmbH, 2015, pp. 195–200.
short: 'M. Webersen, F. Bause, J. Rautenberg, B. Henning, in: AMA Service GmbH (Ed.),
AMA Conferences 2015, 2015, pp. 195–200.'
conference:
end_date: 2015-05-21
location: Nürnberg
name: SENSOR 2015
start_date: 2015-05-19
corporate_editor:
- AMA Service GmbH
date_created: 2019-09-13T13:21:38Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:51:31Z
department:
- _id: '49'
keyword:
- piezo-composite
- transducer
- temperature dependency
- identification
- plausibility
language:
- iso: eng
page: 195-200
publication: AMA Conferences 2015
status: public
title: Identification of temperature-dependent model parameters of ultrasonic piezo-composite
transducers
type: conference
user_id: '11289'
year: '2015'
...
---
_id: '9783'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: To optimize the ultrasound irradiation for cavitation based ultrasound applications
like sonochemistry or ultrasound cleaning, the correlation between cavitation
intensity and the resulting effect on the process is of interest. Furthermore,
changing conditions like temperature and pressure result in varying acoustic properties
of the liquid. That might necessitate an adaption of the ultrasound irradiation.
To detect such changes during operation, process monitoring is desired. Labor
intensive processes, that might be carried out for several hours, also require
process monitoring to increase their reliability by detection of changes or malfunctions
during operation. In some applications cavitation detection and monitoring can
be achieved by the application of sensors in the sound field. Though the application
of sensors is possible, this necessitates modifications on the system and the
sensor might disturb the sound field. In other applications harsh, process conditions
prohibit the application of sensors in the sound field. Therefore alternative
techniques for cavitation detection and monitoring are desired. The applicability
of an external microphone and a self-sensing ultrasound transducer for cavitation
detection were experimentally investigated. Both methods were found to be suitable
and easily applicable.
author:
- first_name: Peter
full_name: Bornmann, Peter
last_name: Bornmann
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Hemsel, Tobias
id: '210'
last_name: Hemsel
- first_name: Walter
full_name: Sextro, Walter
id: '21220'
last_name: Sextro
- first_name: Takafumi
full_name: Maeda, Takafumi
last_name: Maeda
- first_name: Takeshi
full_name: Morita, Takeshi
last_name: Morita
citation:
ama: 'Bornmann P, Hemsel T, Sextro W, Maeda T, Morita T. Non-perturbing cavitation
detection / monitoring in sonochemical reactors. In: Ultrasonics Symposium
(IUS), 2012 IEEE International. ; 2012:1141-1144. doi:10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0284'
apa: Bornmann, P., Hemsel, T., Sextro, W., Maeda, T., & Morita, T. (2012). Non-perturbing
cavitation detection / monitoring in sonochemical reactors. In Ultrasonics
Symposium (IUS), 2012 IEEE International (pp. 1141–1144). https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0284
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Bornmann_Hemsel_Sextro_Maeda_Morita_2012, title={Non-perturbing
cavitation detection / monitoring in sonochemical reactors}, DOI={10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0284},
booktitle={Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), 2012 IEEE International}, author={Bornmann,
Peter and Hemsel, Tobias and Sextro, Walter and Maeda, Takafumi and Morita, Takeshi},
year={2012}, pages={1141–1144} }'
chicago: Bornmann, Peter, Tobias Hemsel, Walter Sextro, Takafumi Maeda, and Takeshi
Morita. “Non-Perturbing Cavitation Detection / Monitoring in Sonochemical Reactors.”
In Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), 2012 IEEE International, 1141–44, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0284.
ieee: P. Bornmann, T. Hemsel, W. Sextro, T. Maeda, and T. Morita, “Non-perturbing
cavitation detection / monitoring in sonochemical reactors,” in Ultrasonics
Symposium (IUS), 2012 IEEE International, 2012, pp. 1141–1144.
mla: Bornmann, Peter, et al. “Non-Perturbing Cavitation Detection / Monitoring in
Sonochemical Reactors.” Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), 2012 IEEE International,
2012, pp. 1141–44, doi:10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0284.
short: 'P. Bornmann, T. Hemsel, W. Sextro, T. Maeda, T. Morita, in: Ultrasonics
Symposium (IUS), 2012 IEEE International, 2012, pp. 1141–1144.'
date_created: 2019-05-13T13:18:49Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:04:20Z
department:
- _id: '151'
doi: 10.1109/ULTSYM.2012.0284
keyword:
- cavitation
- chemical reactors
- microphones
- process monitoring
- reliability
- ultrasonic applications
- ultrasonic waves
- acoustic properties
- cavitation based ultrasound applications
- cavitation intensity
- change detection reliability
- external microphone
- malfunction detection reliability
- nonperturbing cavitation detection
- nonperturbing cavitation monitoring
- process monitoring
- self-sensing ultrasound transducer
- sonochemical reactors
- sonochemistry
- ultrasound cleaning
- ultrasound irradiation
- Acoustics
- Liquids
- Monitoring
- Sensors
- Sonar equipment
- Transducers
- Ultrasonic imaging
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1141-1144
publication: Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), 2012 IEEE International
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1948-5719
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Non-perturbing cavitation detection / monitoring in sonochemical reactors
type: conference
user_id: '55222'
year: '2012'
...
---
_id: '9744'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Direct ultrasound irradiation is advantageous to increase the efficiency of
the hydrothermal method which can be used for the production of piezoelectric
thin films and lead free piezoelectric ceramics. To apply ultrasound directly
to the process transducer prototypes were developed regarding the boundary conditions
of the hydrothermal method. LiNbO$_{3}$ and PIC 181 were proven as feasible materials
for high temperature resistant transducers ($\geq 200^\circ C$). Resistance of
the transducers horn against the corrosive mineralizer was achieved by using Hastelloy
C-22. The efficiency of the ultrasound assisted hydrothermal method depends on
the generated sound field. Impedance and sound field measurements have shown that
the sound field depends on the filling level and the position and design of the
transducer.
author:
- first_name: Peter
full_name: Bornmann, Peter
last_name: Bornmann
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Hemsel, Tobias
id: '210'
last_name: Hemsel
- first_name: Walter
full_name: Littmann, Walter
last_name: Littmann
- first_name: Ryo
full_name: Ageba, Ryo
last_name: Ageba
- first_name: Yoishi
full_name: Kadota, Yoishi
last_name: Kadota
- first_name: Takeshi
full_name: Morita, Takeshi
last_name: Morita
citation:
ama: Bornmann P, Hemsel T, Littmann W, Ageba R, Kadota Y, Morita T. Ultrasonic Transducer
for the Hydrothermal Method. Journal of Korean Physical Society. 2010;57(4):1122.
doi:10.3938/jkps.57.1122
apa: Bornmann, P., Hemsel, T., Littmann, W., Ageba, R., Kadota, Y., & Morita,
T. (2010). Ultrasonic Transducer for the Hydrothermal Method. Journal of Korean
Physical Society, 57(4), 1122. https://doi.org/10.3938/jkps.57.1122
bibtex: '@article{Bornmann_Hemsel_Littmann_Ageba_Kadota_Morita_2010, title={Ultrasonic
Transducer for the Hydrothermal Method}, volume={57}, DOI={10.3938/jkps.57.1122},
number={4}, journal={Journal of Korean Physical Society}, author={Bornmann, Peter
and Hemsel, Tobias and Littmann, Walter and Ageba, Ryo and Kadota, Yoishi and
Morita, Takeshi}, year={2010}, pages={1122} }'
chicago: 'Bornmann, Peter, Tobias Hemsel, Walter Littmann, Ryo Ageba, Yoishi Kadota,
and Takeshi Morita. “Ultrasonic Transducer for the Hydrothermal Method.” Journal
of Korean Physical Society 57, no. 4 (2010): 1122. https://doi.org/10.3938/jkps.57.1122.'
ieee: P. Bornmann, T. Hemsel, W. Littmann, R. Ageba, Y. Kadota, and T. Morita, “Ultrasonic
Transducer for the Hydrothermal Method,” Journal of Korean Physical Society,
vol. 57, no. 4, p. 1122, 2010.
mla: Bornmann, Peter, et al. “Ultrasonic Transducer for the Hydrothermal Method.”
Journal of Korean Physical Society, vol. 57, no. 4, 2010, p. 1122, doi:10.3938/jkps.57.1122.
short: P. Bornmann, T. Hemsel, W. Littmann, R. Ageba, Y. Kadota, T. Morita, Journal
of Korean Physical Society 57 (2010) 1122.
date_created: 2019-05-13T09:37:56Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:04:19Z
department:
- _id: '151'
doi: 10.3938/jkps.57.1122
intvolume: ' 57'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- High-temperature transducer
- Hydrothermal method
- Lithium-niobate transducer
language:
- iso: eng
page: '1122'
publication: Journal of Korean Physical Society
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1948-5719
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Ultrasonic Transducer for the Hydrothermal Method
type: journal_article
user_id: '55222'
volume: 57
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '9745'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: In the modeling of piezoelectric Langevin transducers using usual transfer
matrix methods, some simplifications have been adopted. This leads to reduction
of the model quality. A mixed transfer matrix method is employed in the modeling
of Langevin transducers, where the pre-stressed bolt is modeled as a separate
four-pole element, which is connected to other elements in parallel. Based on
the mixed transfer matrix method, the four (six)-pole element description of the
piezoelectric Langevin transducer is built up and the total transfer matrix relation
is derived. The resonance frequencies of the transducer are calculated and then
measured using the impedance analyzer (HP4192). Experimental result shows that
the mixed transfer matrix method has better modeling quality than the usual transfer
matrix method for the vibration analysis of piezoelectric Langevin transducers.
author:
- first_name: Bo
full_name: Fu, Bo
last_name: Fu
- first_name: Chao
full_name: Li, Chao
last_name: Li
- first_name: Jianming
full_name: Zhang, Jianming
last_name: Zhang
- first_name: Zhenwei
full_name: Huang, Zhenwei
last_name: Huang
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Hemsel, Tobias
id: '210'
last_name: Hemsel
citation:
ama: Fu B, Li C, Zhang J, Huang Z, Hemsel T. Modeling of Piezoelectric Langevin
Transducers by Using Mixed Transfer Matrix Methods. Journal of Korean Physical
Society. 2010;57(4):929. doi:10.3938/jkps.57.929
apa: Fu, B., Li, C., Zhang, J., Huang, Z., & Hemsel, T. (2010). Modeling of
Piezoelectric Langevin Transducers by Using Mixed Transfer Matrix Methods. Journal
of Korean Physical Society, 57(4), 929. https://doi.org/10.3938/jkps.57.929
bibtex: '@article{Fu_Li_Zhang_Huang_Hemsel_2010, title={Modeling of Piezoelectric
Langevin Transducers by Using Mixed Transfer Matrix Methods}, volume={57}, DOI={10.3938/jkps.57.929}, number={4},
journal={Journal of Korean Physical Society}, author={Fu, Bo and Li, Chao and
Zhang, Jianming and Huang, Zhenwei and Hemsel, Tobias}, year={2010}, pages={929}
}'
chicago: 'Fu, Bo, Chao Li, Jianming Zhang, Zhenwei Huang, and Tobias Hemsel. “Modeling
of Piezoelectric Langevin Transducers by Using Mixed Transfer Matrix Methods.”
Journal of Korean Physical Society 57, no. 4 (2010): 929. https://doi.org/10.3938/jkps.57.929.'
ieee: B. Fu, C. Li, J. Zhang, Z. Huang, and T. Hemsel, “Modeling of Piezoelectric
Langevin Transducers by Using Mixed Transfer Matrix Methods,” Journal of Korean
Physical Society, vol. 57, no. 4, p. 929, 2010.
mla: Fu, Bo, et al. “Modeling of Piezoelectric Langevin Transducers by Using Mixed
Transfer Matrix Methods.” Journal of Korean Physical Society, vol. 57,
no. 4, 2010, p. 929, doi:10.3938/jkps.57.929.
short: B. Fu, C. Li, J. Zhang, Z. Huang, T. Hemsel, Journal of Korean Physical Society
57 (2010) 929.
date_created: 2019-05-13T09:40:42Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:04:19Z
department:
- _id: '151'
doi: 10.3938/jkps.57.929
intvolume: ' 57'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- Piezoelectric langevin transducer
- Transfer matrix method
- Four (six)-pole element description
- Pre-stressed bolt
language:
- iso: eng
page: '929'
publication: Journal of Korean Physical Society
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1948-5719
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Modeling of Piezoelectric Langevin Transducers by Using Mixed Transfer Matrix
Methods
type: journal_article
user_id: '55222'
volume: 57
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '9749'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Piezoelectric materials find wide application in technical systems. Most often,
a combination of piezoelectric and other materials is advantageous. The position
and the amount of the piezoelectric material within the overall system depends
on various aspects like maximum mechanical output to the load, maximum electromechanical
efficiency of the system, maximum utilization of the piezoelectric material, minimum
self-heating of the piezoelectric material, and controllability of the system,
which might be key aspects for the optimisation of the system design. For a composite
longitudinal vibrator (bolted Langevin transducer), which is a base for many technical
applications, this contribution shows in detail, how above mentioned aspects depend
on the position and volume of the piezoelectric material related to the mode shape.
author:
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Hemsel, Tobias
id: '210'
last_name: Hemsel
- first_name: Ernst Günther
full_name: Lierk, Ernst Günther
last_name: Lierk
- first_name: Walter
full_name: Littmann, Walter
last_name: Littmann
- first_name: Takeshi
full_name: Morita, Takeshi
last_name: Morita
citation:
ama: Hemsel T, Lierk EG, Littmann W, Morita T. Various Aspects of the Placement
of a Piezoelectric Material in Composite Actuators, Motors, and Transducers. Journal
of Korean Physical Society. 2010;57(4):933-937. doi:10.3938/jkps.57.933
apa: Hemsel, T., Lierk, E. G., Littmann, W., & Morita, T. (2010). Various Aspects
of the Placement of a Piezoelectric Material in Composite Actuators, Motors, and
Transducers. Journal of Korean Physical Society, 57(4), 933–937.
https://doi.org/10.3938/jkps.57.933
bibtex: '@article{Hemsel_Lierk_Littmann_Morita_2010, title={Various Aspects of the
Placement of a Piezoelectric Material in Composite Actuators, Motors, and Transducers},
volume={57}, DOI={10.3938/jkps.57.933},
number={4}, journal={Journal of Korean Physical Society}, author={Hemsel, Tobias
and Lierk, Ernst Günther and Littmann, Walter and Morita, Takeshi}, year={2010},
pages={933–937} }'
chicago: 'Hemsel, Tobias, Ernst Günther Lierk, Walter Littmann, and Takeshi Morita.
“Various Aspects of the Placement of a Piezoelectric Material in Composite Actuators,
Motors, and Transducers.” Journal of Korean Physical Society 57, no. 4
(2010): 933–37. https://doi.org/10.3938/jkps.57.933.'
ieee: T. Hemsel, E. G. Lierk, W. Littmann, and T. Morita, “Various Aspects of the
Placement of a Piezoelectric Material in Composite Actuators, Motors, and Transducers,”
Journal of Korean Physical Society, vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 933–937, 2010.
mla: Hemsel, Tobias, et al. “Various Aspects of the Placement of a Piezoelectric
Material in Composite Actuators, Motors, and Transducers.” Journal of Korean
Physical Society, vol. 57, no. 4, 2010, pp. 933–37, doi:10.3938/jkps.57.933.
short: T. Hemsel, E.G. Lierk, W. Littmann, T. Morita, Journal of Korean Physical
Society 57 (2010) 933–937.
date_created: 2019-05-13T09:56:22Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:04:19Z
department:
- _id: '151'
doi: 10.3938/jkps.57.933
intvolume: ' 57'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- Bolted Langevin transducer
- Optimum placement of piezoelectric ceramics
language:
- iso: eng
page: 933-937
publication: Journal of Korean Physical Society
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1948-5719
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Various Aspects of the Placement of a Piezoelectric Material in Composite Actuators,
Motors, and Transducers
type: journal_article
user_id: '55222'
volume: 57
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '9568'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: A simple pre-stress estimate method of Langevin transducers is studied. The
measurement setup consists of a capacitor, an impedance converter and a voltmeter.
Based on the piezoelectric equation and the basic circuit theory, the mathematical
expression between the pre-stress and the voltage across the capacitor is derived.
The pre-stress level can then be calculated out of the measurement of the capacitor
voltage. In order to evaluate the precision of this method, a force washer is
used to measure the pre-stress of the Langevin transducer. The result shows the
pre-stress level obtained from this method is 30-40\% higher than the pre-stress
level measured by the force washer. This method is simple and can be used to estimate
the pre-stress of various Langevin transducers. The precision of this method can
be raised if d33 is identified under different pre-stress levels.
author:
- first_name: Fu
full_name: Bo, Fu
last_name: Bo
- first_name: Li
full_name: Ting, Li
last_name: Ting
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Hemsel, Tobias
id: '210'
last_name: Hemsel
citation:
ama: 'Bo F, Ting L, Hemsel T. A simple pre-stress estimating method of langevin
transducers. In: Piezoelectricity, Acoustic Waves, and Device Applications,
2008. SPAWDA 2008. Symposium On. ; 2008:324-327. doi:10.1109/SPAWDA.2008.4775801'
apa: Bo, F., Ting, L., & Hemsel, T. (2008). A simple pre-stress estimating method
of langevin transducers. In Piezoelectricity, Acoustic Waves, and Device Applications,
2008. SPAWDA 2008. Symposium on (pp. 324–327). https://doi.org/10.1109/SPAWDA.2008.4775801
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Bo_Ting_Hemsel_2008, title={A simple pre-stress estimating
method of langevin transducers}, DOI={10.1109/SPAWDA.2008.4775801},
booktitle={Piezoelectricity, Acoustic Waves, and Device Applications, 2008. SPAWDA
2008. Symposium on}, author={Bo, Fu and Ting, Li and Hemsel, Tobias}, year={2008},
pages={324–327} }'
chicago: Bo, Fu, Li Ting, and Tobias Hemsel. “A Simple Pre-Stress Estimating Method
of Langevin Transducers.” In Piezoelectricity, Acoustic Waves, and Device Applications,
2008. SPAWDA 2008. Symposium On, 324–27, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1109/SPAWDA.2008.4775801.
ieee: F. Bo, L. Ting, and T. Hemsel, “A simple pre-stress estimating method of langevin
transducers,” in Piezoelectricity, Acoustic Waves, and Device Applications,
2008. SPAWDA 2008. Symposium on, 2008, pp. 324–327.
mla: Bo, Fu, et al. “A Simple Pre-Stress Estimating Method of Langevin Transducers.”
Piezoelectricity, Acoustic Waves, and Device Applications, 2008. SPAWDA 2008.
Symposium On, 2008, pp. 324–27, doi:10.1109/SPAWDA.2008.4775801.
short: 'F. Bo, L. Ting, T. Hemsel, in: Piezoelectricity, Acoustic Waves, and Device
Applications, 2008. SPAWDA 2008. Symposium On, 2008, pp. 324–327.'
date_created: 2019-04-29T11:16:13Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:04:16Z
department:
- _id: '151'
doi: 10.1109/SPAWDA.2008.4775801
keyword:
- capacitors
- impedance convertors
- piezoelectric transducers
- stress analysis
- Langevin transducers
- basic circuit theory
- capacitor
- impedance converter
- piezoelectric equation
- pre-stress estimating method
- voltmeter
- Capacitors
- Educational institutions
- Equations
- Force measurement
- Impedance measurement
- Manufacturing
- Mechatronics
- Piezoelectric transducers
- Voltage
- Voltmeters
- Langevin transducer
- capacitor
- piezoelectric element
- pre-stress
language:
- iso: eng
page: 324-327
publication: Piezoelectricity, Acoustic Waves, and Device Applications, 2008. SPAWDA
2008. Symposium on
status: public
title: A simple pre-stress estimating method of langevin transducers
type: conference
user_id: '55222'
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '9533'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'The design of piezoelectric transducers is usually based on single-objective
optimization only. In most practical applications of piezoelectric transducers,
however, there exist multiple design objectives that often are contradictory to
each other by their very nature. It is impossible to find a solution at which
each objective function gets its optimal value simultaneously. Our design approach
is to first find a set of Pareto-optimal solutions, which can be considered to
be best compromises among multiple design objectives. Among these Pareto-optimal
solutions, the designer can then select the one solution which he considers to
be the best one. In this paper we investigate the optimal design of a Langevin
transducer. The design problem is formulated mathematically as a constrained multiobjective
optimization problem. The maximum vibration amplitude and the minimum electrical
input power are considered as optimization objectives. Design variables involve
continuous variables (dimensions of the transducer) and discrete variables (the
number of piezoelectric rings and material types). In order to formulate the optimization
problem, the behavior of piezoelectric transducers is modeled using the transfer
matrix method based on analytical models. Multiobjective evolutionary algorithms
are applied in the optimization process and a set of Pareto-optimal designs is
calculated. The optimized results are analyzed and the preferred design is determined. '
author:
- first_name: Bo
full_name: Fu, Bo
last_name: Fu
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Hemsel, Tobias
id: '210'
last_name: Hemsel
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Wallaschek, Jörg
last_name: Wallaschek
citation:
ama: Fu B, Hemsel T, Wallaschek J. Piezoelectric transducer design via multiobjective
optimization. Ultrasonics. 2006;44, Supplement:e747-e752. doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2006.05.087
apa: Fu, B., Hemsel, T., & Wallaschek, J. (2006). Piezoelectric transducer design
via multiobjective optimization. Ultrasonics, 44, Supplement,
e747–e752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2006.05.087
bibtex: '@article{Fu_Hemsel_Wallaschek_2006, title={Piezoelectric transducer design
via multiobjective optimization}, volume={44, Supplement}, DOI={10.1016/j.ultras.2006.05.087},
journal={Ultrasonics}, author={Fu, Bo and Hemsel, Tobias and Wallaschek, Jörg},
year={2006}, pages={e747–e752} }'
chicago: 'Fu, Bo, Tobias Hemsel, and Jörg Wallaschek. “Piezoelectric Transducer
Design via Multiobjective Optimization.” Ultrasonics 44, Supplement (2006):
e747–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2006.05.087.'
ieee: B. Fu, T. Hemsel, and J. Wallaschek, “Piezoelectric transducer design via
multiobjective optimization,” Ultrasonics, vol. 44, Supplement, pp. e747–e752,
2006.
mla: Fu, Bo, et al. “Piezoelectric Transducer Design via Multiobjective Optimization.”
Ultrasonics, vol. 44, Supplement, 2006, pp. e747–52, doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2006.05.087.
short: B. Fu, T. Hemsel, J. Wallaschek, Ultrasonics 44, Supplement (2006) e747–e752.
date_created: 2019-04-29T08:50:23Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:04:16Z
department:
- _id: '151'
doi: 10.1016/j.ultras.2006.05.087
keyword:
- Piezoelectric transducer
language:
- iso: eng
page: e747 - e752
publication: Ultrasonics
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0041-624X
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Piezoelectric transducer design via multiobjective optimization
type: journal_article
user_id: '55222'
volume: 44, Supplement
year: '2006'
...