[{"oa":"1","keyword":["Titanium dioxide","Atomic layer deposition","Electron transport layer","Perovskite solar cells"],"type":"journal_article","date_created":"2026-04-01T08:39:55Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In perovskite solar cells (PSCs), electron transport layers (ETLs) play an important role in the selection and transport of electrons. Understanding the properties of these layers in relation to device performance is essential for optimizing solar cell efficiency and enabling their integration into emerging architectures, such as flexible solar cells. Here, we deposited TiO2 at different thicknesses using atomic layer deposition (ALD), a technique well-suited for producing uniform and pinhole-free films. The crystal structure of the layers was controlled by depositing the films at three different temperatures: 150 °C, 250 °C, and 350 °C. The layers were characterized in detail to determine the morphology (by atomic force microscopy), surface composition (by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) and the crystal structure (by X-ray diffraction). The TiO2 layers were then incorporated as ETLs in planar perovskite solar cells to evaluate their influence on device performance. Higher deposition temperatures led to improvements in device fill factor and open-circuit voltage, leading to more efficient solar cells. Notably, the best device performance for the ALD-TiO2 layers was achieved with films deposited at 250 °C."}],"citation":{"ieee":"S. Qudsia <i>et al.</i>, “Influence of deposition temperature and thickness of ALD-TiO2 on planar perovskite solar cell performance,” <i>Applied Surface Science</i>, p. 166755, 2026, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166755\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166755</a>.","apa":"Qudsia, S., Weiss, A., Sirkiä, S., Wang, F., Rosqvist, E., Los Arcos, T. D., Weinberger, C., Halme, J., Kemell, M., &#38; Smått, J.-H. (2026). Influence of deposition temperature and thickness of ALD-TiO2 on planar perovskite solar cell performance. <i>Applied Surface Science</i>, 166755. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166755\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166755</a>","short":"S. Qudsia, A. Weiss, S. Sirkiä, F. Wang, E. Rosqvist, T.D. Los Arcos, C. Weinberger, J. Halme, M. Kemell, J.-H. Smått, Applied Surface Science (2026) 166755.","chicago":"Qudsia, Syeda, Alexander Weiss, Saara Sirkiä, Fuzeng Wang, Emil Rosqvist, Teresa De Los Arcos, Christian Weinberger, Janne Halme, Marianna Kemell, and Jan-Henrik Smått. “Influence of Deposition Temperature and Thickness of ALD-TiO2 on Planar Perovskite Solar Cell Performance.” <i>Applied Surface Science</i>, 2026, 166755. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166755\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166755</a>.","mla":"Qudsia, Syeda, et al. “Influence of Deposition Temperature and Thickness of ALD-TiO2 on Planar Perovskite Solar Cell Performance.” <i>Applied Surface Science</i>, 2026, p. 166755, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166755\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166755</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Qudsia_Weiss_Sirkiä_Wang_Rosqvist_Los Arcos_Weinberger_Halme_Kemell_Smått_2026, title={Influence of deposition temperature and thickness of ALD-TiO2 on planar perovskite solar cell performance}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166755\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166755</a>}, journal={Applied Surface Science}, author={Qudsia, Syeda and Weiss, Alexander and Sirkiä, Saara and Wang, Fuzeng and Rosqvist, Emil and Los Arcos, Teresa De and Weinberger, Christian and Halme, Janne and Kemell, Marianna and Smått, Jan-Henrik}, year={2026}, pages={166755} }","ama":"Qudsia S, Weiss A, Sirkiä S, et al. Influence of deposition temperature and thickness of ALD-TiO2 on planar perovskite solar cell performance. <i>Applied Surface Science</i>. Published online 2026:166755. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166755\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166755</a>"},"publication":"Applied Surface Science","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166755","user_id":"11848","_id":"65270","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"page":"166755","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169433226009591?via%3Dihub"}],"article_type":"original","date_updated":"2026-04-07T13:37:22Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0169-4332"]},"author":[{"last_name":"Qudsia","first_name":"Syeda","full_name":"Qudsia, Syeda"},{"full_name":"Weiss, Alexander","last_name":"Weiss","first_name":"Alexander"},{"full_name":"Sirkiä, Saara","last_name":"Sirkiä","first_name":"Saara"},{"last_name":"Wang","first_name":"Fuzeng","full_name":"Wang, Fuzeng"},{"first_name":"Emil","last_name":"Rosqvist","full_name":"Rosqvist, Emil"},{"first_name":"Teresa De","last_name":"Los Arcos","full_name":"Los Arcos, Teresa De"},{"id":"11848","full_name":"Weinberger, Christian","last_name":"Weinberger","first_name":"Christian"},{"full_name":"Halme, Janne","first_name":"Janne","last_name":"Halme"},{"full_name":"Kemell, Marianna","first_name":"Marianna","last_name":"Kemell"},{"full_name":"Smått, Jan-Henrik","first_name":"Jan-Henrik","last_name":"Smått"}],"status":"public","title":"Influence of deposition temperature and thickness of ALD-TiO2 on planar perovskite solar cell performance","year":"2026"},{"citation":{"mla":"Dunst, Paul, et al. “Vibration-Assisted Handling of Dry Fine Powders.” <i>Actuators 2018, 7(2).</i>, 2018, pp. 1–11, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/act7020018\">10.3390/act7020018</a>.","ama":"Dunst P, Bornmann P, Hemsel T, Sextro W. Vibration-Assisted Handling of Dry Fine Powders. <i>Actuators 2018, 7(2)</i>. 2018:1-11. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/act7020018\">10.3390/act7020018</a>","bibtex":"@article{Dunst_Bornmann_Hemsel_Sextro_2018, title={Vibration-Assisted Handling of Dry Fine Powders}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/act7020018\">10.3390/act7020018</a>}, journal={Actuators 2018, 7(2).}, author={Dunst, Paul and Bornmann, Peter and Hemsel, Tobias and Sextro, Walter}, year={2018}, pages={1–11} }","apa":"Dunst, P., Bornmann, P., Hemsel, T., &#38; Sextro, W. (2018). Vibration-Assisted Handling of Dry Fine Powders. <i>Actuators 2018, 7(2).</i>, 1–11. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/act7020018\">https://doi.org/10.3390/act7020018</a>","ieee":"P. Dunst, P. Bornmann, T. Hemsel, and W. Sextro, “Vibration-Assisted Handling of Dry Fine Powders,” <i>Actuators 2018, 7(2).</i>, pp. 1–11, 2018.","chicago":"Dunst, Paul, Peter Bornmann, Tobias Hemsel, and Walter Sextro. “Vibration-Assisted Handling of Dry Fine Powders.” <i>Actuators 2018, 7(2).</i>, 2018, 1–11. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/act7020018\">https://doi.org/10.3390/act7020018</a>.","short":"P. Dunst, P. Bornmann, T. Hemsel, W. Sextro, Actuators 2018, 7(2). (2018) 1–11."},"publication":"Actuators 2018, 7(2).","abstract":[{"text":"Abstract:Since fine powders tend strongly to adhesion and agglomeration, their processing withconventional methods is difficult or impossible. Typically, in order to enable the handling of finepowders, chemicals are added to increase the flowability and reduce adhesion. This contributionshows that instead of additives also vibrations can be used to increase the flowability, to reduceadhesion and cohesion, and thus to enable or improve processes such as precision dosing, mixing,and transport of very fine powders. The methods for manipulating powder properties are describedin detail and prototypes for experimental studies are presented. It is shown that the handling of finepowders can be improved by using low-frequency, high-frequency or a combination of low- andhigh-frequency vibration.","lang":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","date_created":"2019-05-27T10:16:16Z","department":[{"_id":"151"}],"keyword":["powder handling","flowability","dosing","transport","mixing","dispersion","piezoelectricactuators","vibrations"],"type":"journal_article","author":[{"id":"22130","first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Dunst","full_name":"Dunst, Paul"},{"full_name":"Bornmann, Peter","last_name":"Bornmann","first_name":"Peter"},{"id":"210","full_name":"Hemsel, Tobias","first_name":"Tobias","last_name":"Hemsel"},{"id":"21220","first_name":"Walter","last_name":"Sextro","full_name":"Sextro, Walter"}],"title":"Vibration-Assisted Handling of Dry Fine Powders","status":"public","year":"2018","date_updated":"2019-09-16T09:44:54Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"9991","page":"1-11","user_id":"55222","doi":"10.3390/act7020018"},{"volume":"Sensors and Actuators A 263","user_id":"55222","_id":"9972","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"page":"733-736","date_updated":"2019-09-16T10:23:40Z","author":[{"id":"22130","full_name":"Dunst, Paul","first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Dunst"},{"id":"210","full_name":"Hemsel, Tobias","first_name":"Tobias","last_name":"Hemsel"},{"id":"21220","first_name":"Walter","last_name":"Sextro","full_name":"Sextro, Walter"}],"year":"2017","status":"public","title":"Analysis of pipe vibration in an ultrasonic powder transportationsystem","department":[{"_id":"151"}],"keyword":["Powder transport Piezoelectrics Ultrasonics Pipe vibration Finite element simulation Fine powder"],"type":"journal_article","date_created":"2019-05-27T09:31:13Z","abstract":[{"text":"The transportation of dry fine powders is an emerging technologic task, as in biotechnology, pharmaceu-tical and coatings industry the particle sizes of processed powders get smaller and smaller. Fine powdersare primarily defined by the fact that adhesive and cohesive forces outweigh the weight forces, leadingto mostly unwanted agglomeration (clumping) and adhesion to surfaces. Thereby it gets more difficult touse conventional conveyor systems (e.g. pneumatic or vibratory conveyors) for transport. A rather newmethod for transporting these fine powders is based on ultrasonic vibrations, which are used to reducefriction between powder and substrate. Within this contribution an experimental set-up consisting of apipe, a solenoid actuator for axial vibration and an annular piezoelectric actuator for the high frequencyradial vibration of the pipe is described. Since amplitudes of the radial pipe vibration should be as large aspossible to get high effects of friction reduction, the pipe is excited to vibrate in resonance. To determinethe optimum excitation frequency and actuator position the vibration modes and resonance frequenciesof the pipe are calculated and measured. Results are in good accordance.","lang":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","citation":{"bibtex":"@article{Dunst_Hemsel_Sextro_2017, title={Analysis of pipe vibration in an ultrasonic powder transportationsystem}, volume={Sensors and Actuators A 263}, journal={elsevier}, author={Dunst, Paul and Hemsel, Tobias and Sextro, Walter}, year={2017}, pages={733–736} }","ama":"Dunst P, Hemsel T, Sextro W. Analysis of pipe vibration in an ultrasonic powder transportationsystem. <i>elsevier</i>. 2017;Sensors and Actuators A 263:733-736.","mla":"Dunst, Paul, et al. “Analysis of Pipe Vibration in an Ultrasonic Powder Transportationsystem.” <i>Elsevier</i>, vol. Sensors and Actuators A 263, 2017, pp. 733–36.","chicago":"Dunst, Paul, Tobias Hemsel, and Walter Sextro. “Analysis of Pipe Vibration in an Ultrasonic Powder Transportationsystem.” <i>Elsevier</i> Sensors and Actuators A 263 (2017): 733–36.","short":"P. Dunst, T. Hemsel, W. Sextro, Elsevier Sensors and Actuators A 263 (2017) 733–736.","ieee":"P. Dunst, T. Hemsel, and W. Sextro, “Analysis of pipe vibration in an ultrasonic powder transportationsystem,” <i>elsevier</i>, vol. Sensors and Actuators A 263, pp. 733–736, 2017.","apa":"Dunst, P., Hemsel, T., &#38; Sextro, W. (2017). Analysis of pipe vibration in an ultrasonic powder transportationsystem. <i>Elsevier</i>, <i>Sensors and Actuators A 263</i>, 733–736."},"publication":"elsevier"},{"type":"conference","keyword":["Peer to peer computing","Web services","Intelligent networks","Routing","Relays","Simple object access protocol","Collaborative work","Transport protocols","Network address translation","Java"],"department":[{"_id":"672"}],"place":"Fukuoka, Japan ","date_created":"2023-01-24T09:05:58Z","abstract":[{"text":"The interconnection of software components is a key to enabling collaborative work. However, technology differences and security barriers like firewalls often hinder establishing collaborative infrastructures between enterprises or even within a single enterprise. We introduce a peer-to-peer based network infrastructure that transparently overcomes these problems using relay and routing mechanisms as well as different underlying transport protocols. We discuss the application of this technology to interconnect Web services.","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"Proceedings of AINA2004","citation":{"short":"T. Schattkowsky, C. Loeser, W. Müller, in: Proceedings of AINA2004, IEEE, Fukuoka, Japan , 2004.","chicago":"Schattkowsky, Tim, Chris Loeser, and Wolfgang Müller. “Peer-To-Peer Technology for Interconnecting Web Services in Heterogeneous Networks.” In <i>Proceedings of AINA2004</i>. Fukuoka, Japan : IEEE, 2004. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/AINA.2004.1283977\">https://doi.org/10.1109/AINA.2004.1283977</a>.","ieee":"T. Schattkowsky, C. Loeser, and W. Müller, “Peer-To-Peer Technology for Interconnecting Web Services in Heterogeneous Networks,” presented at the  18th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications, Fukuoka, Japan , 2004, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/AINA.2004.1283977\">10.1109/AINA.2004.1283977</a>.","apa":"Schattkowsky, T., Loeser, C., &#38; Müller, W. (2004). Peer-To-Peer Technology for Interconnecting Web Services in Heterogeneous Networks. <i>Proceedings of AINA2004</i>.  18th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications, Fukuoka, Japan . <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/AINA.2004.1283977\">https://doi.org/10.1109/AINA.2004.1283977</a>","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Schattkowsky_Loeser_Müller_2004, place={Fukuoka, Japan }, title={Peer-To-Peer Technology for Interconnecting Web Services in Heterogeneous Networks}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/AINA.2004.1283977\">10.1109/AINA.2004.1283977</a>}, booktitle={Proceedings of AINA2004}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Schattkowsky, Tim and Loeser, Chris and Müller, Wolfgang}, year={2004} }","ama":"Schattkowsky T, Loeser C, Müller W. Peer-To-Peer Technology for Interconnecting Web Services in Heterogeneous Networks. In: <i>Proceedings of AINA2004</i>. IEEE; 2004. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/AINA.2004.1283977\">10.1109/AINA.2004.1283977</a>","mla":"Schattkowsky, Tim, et al. “Peer-To-Peer Technology for Interconnecting Web Services in Heterogeneous Networks.” <i>Proceedings of AINA2004</i>, IEEE, 2004, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/AINA.2004.1283977\">10.1109/AINA.2004.1283977</a>."},"doi":"10.1109/AINA.2004.1283977","user_id":"5786","_id":"39071","publisher":"IEEE","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2023-01-24T09:06:02Z","status":"public","year":"2004","title":"Peer-To-Peer Technology for Interconnecting Web Services in Heterogeneous Networks","conference":{"location":"Fukuoka, Japan ","name":" 18th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications"},"author":[{"last_name":"Schattkowsky","first_name":"Tim","full_name":"Schattkowsky, Tim"},{"full_name":"Loeser, Chris","last_name":"Loeser","first_name":"Chris"},{"id":"16243","full_name":"Müller, Wolfgang","last_name":"Müller","first_name":"Wolfgang"}],"publication_identifier":{"isbn":["0-7695-2051-0"]}}]