[{"project":[{"name":"TRR 318 ; TP C01: Gesundes Misstrauen in Erklärungen","_id":"124"}],"_id":"63611","user_id":"92810","department":[{"_id":"424"},{"_id":"660"}],"article_type":"original","article_number":"1694367","keyword":["appropriate trust","healthy distrust","visual attention","Theory of Visual Attention","human-AI interaction","Bayesian cognitive model","image classification"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","publication":"Frontiers in Psychology","abstract":[{"text":"When humans interact with artificial intelligence (AI), one desideratum is appropriate trust. Typically, appropriate trust encompasses that humans trust AI except for instances in which they either explicitly notice AI errors or are suspicious that errors could be present. So far, appropriate trust or related notions have mainly been investigated by assessing trust and reliance. In this contribution, we argue that these assessments are insufficient to measure the complex aim of appropriate trust and the related notion of healthy distrust. We introduce and test the perspective of covert visual attention as an additional indicator for appropriate trust and draw conceptual connections to the notion of healthy distrust. To test the validity of our conceptualization, we formalize visual attention using the Theory of Visual Attention and measure its properties that are potentially relevant to appropriate trust and healthy distrust in an image classification task. Based on temporal-order judgment performance, we estimate participants' attentional capacity and attentional weight toward correct and incorrect mock-up AI classifications. We observe that misclassifications reduce attentional capacity compared to correct classifications. However, our results do not indicate that this reduction is beneficial for a subsequent judgment of the classifications. The attentional weighting is not affected by the classifications' correctness but by the difficulty of categorizing the stimuli themselves. We discuss these results, their implications, and the limited potential for using visual attention as an indicator of appropriate trust and healthy distrust.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","date_updated":"2026-01-14T14:29:03Z","publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","author":[{"first_name":"Tobias Martin","id":"92810","full_name":"Peters, Tobias Martin","orcid":"0009-0008-5193-6243","last_name":"Peters"},{"first_name":"Kai","last_name":"Biermeier","orcid":"0000-0002-2879-2359","full_name":"Biermeier, Kai","id":"55908"},{"id":"451","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau","first_name":"Ingrid"}],"date_created":"2026-01-14T14:21:59Z","volume":16,"title":"Assessing healthy distrust in human-AI interaction: interpreting changes in visual attention","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1664-1078"]},"year":"2026","citation":{"apa":"Peters, T. M., Biermeier, K., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2026). Assessing healthy distrust in human-AI interaction: interpreting changes in visual attention. <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>, <i>16</i>, Article 1694367. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367\">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367</a>","bibtex":"@article{Peters_Biermeier_Scharlau_2026, title={Assessing healthy distrust in human-AI interaction: interpreting changes in visual attention}, volume={16}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367\">10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367</a>}, number={1694367}, journal={Frontiers in Psychology}, publisher={Frontiers Media SA}, author={Peters, Tobias Martin and Biermeier, Kai and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2026} }","mla":"Peters, Tobias Martin, et al. “Assessing Healthy Distrust in Human-AI Interaction: Interpreting Changes in Visual Attention.” <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>, vol. 16, 1694367, Frontiers Media SA, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367\">10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367</a>.","short":"T.M. Peters, K. Biermeier, I. Scharlau, Frontiers in Psychology 16 (2026).","ama":"Peters TM, Biermeier K, Scharlau I. Assessing healthy distrust in human-AI interaction: interpreting changes in visual attention. <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>. 2026;16. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367\">10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367</a>","ieee":"T. M. Peters, K. Biermeier, and I. Scharlau, “Assessing healthy distrust in human-AI interaction: interpreting changes in visual attention,” <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>, vol. 16, Art. no. 1694367, 2026, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367\">10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367</a>.","chicago":"Peters, Tobias Martin, Kai Biermeier, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Assessing Healthy Distrust in Human-AI Interaction: Interpreting Changes in Visual Attention.” <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i> 16 (2026). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367\">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367</a>."},"intvolume":"        16"},{"year":"2024","citation":{"bibtex":"@inproceedings{Biermeier_Scharlau_Yigitbas_2024, title={Measuring Visual Attention Capacity Across xReality}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3652037.3652050\">10.1145/3652037.3652050</a>}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments (PETRA 2024)}, publisher={ACM}, author={Biermeier, Kai and Scharlau, Ingrid and Yigitbas, Enes}, year={2024} }","mla":"Biermeier, Kai, et al. “Measuring Visual Attention Capacity Across XReality.” <i>Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments (PETRA 2024)</i>, ACM, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3652037.3652050\">10.1145/3652037.3652050</a>.","short":"K. Biermeier, I. Scharlau, E. Yigitbas, in: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments (PETRA 2024), ACM, 2024.","apa":"Biermeier, K., Scharlau, I., &#38; Yigitbas, E. (2024). Measuring Visual Attention Capacity Across xReality. <i>Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments (PETRA 2024)</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3652037.3652050\">https://doi.org/10.1145/3652037.3652050</a>","ama":"Biermeier K, Scharlau I, Yigitbas E. Measuring Visual Attention Capacity Across xReality. In: <i>Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments (PETRA 2024)</i>. ACM; 2024. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3652037.3652050\">10.1145/3652037.3652050</a>","chicago":"Biermeier, Kai, Ingrid Scharlau, and Enes Yigitbas. “Measuring Visual Attention Capacity Across XReality.” In <i>Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments (PETRA 2024)</i>. ACM, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3652037.3652050\">https://doi.org/10.1145/3652037.3652050</a>.","ieee":"K. Biermeier, I. Scharlau, and E. Yigitbas, “Measuring Visual Attention Capacity Across xReality,” 2024, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3652037.3652050\">10.1145/3652037.3652050</a>."},"oa":"1","publisher":"ACM","date_updated":"2024-07-08T08:32:21Z","author":[{"full_name":"Biermeier, Kai","id":"55908","orcid":"0000-0002-2879-2359","last_name":"Biermeier","first_name":"Kai"},{"first_name":"Ingrid","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","id":"451","last_name":"Scharlau","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-5967-833X","last_name":"Yigitbas","id":"8447","full_name":"Yigitbas, Enes","first_name":"Enes"}],"date_created":"2024-05-02T10:28:03Z","title":"Measuring Visual Attention Capacity Across xReality","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3652037.3652050","open_access":"1"}],"doi":"10.1145/3652037.3652050","type":"conference","publication":"Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments (PETRA 2024)","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Augmented (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) technologies have been applied very broadly in the recent past. While prior work emphasizes the potential of these technologies in various application domains, the process of visual attention in and across the contexts of AR/VR environments is not exhaustively explored yet. By now, visual attention in AR/VR environments has majorly been studied by means of overt attention (i.e. saccadic eye movements), self-report, and process-related visual attention proxies (like reaction time). In this work, we analyze covert visual attention based on the (psychological) Theory of Visual Attention (TVA), which allows us to quantify theory-based interpretable properties of the visual attention process. For example, the TVA allows us to measure the overall processing speed. We instantiate this TVA-based framework with a 30-participant explorative within-subjects study. The results show a decisive difference in visual attention between Reality (i.e. the neutral condition) and Virtual Reality and a weak difference between Reality and Augmented Reality. We discuss the consequences of our findings and provide ideas for future studies."}],"status":"public","_id":"53816","user_id":"55908","department":[{"_id":"66"},{"_id":"534"},{"_id":"424"}],"keyword":["Visual Attention","TVA","Cognitive Modelling","Bayesian Modelling","AR","VR"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"year":"2017","issue":"6","title":"Measuring and modeling salience with the theory of visual attention.","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:05:04Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"For almost three decades, the theory of visual attention (TVA) has been successful in mathematically describing and explaining a wide variety of phenomena in visual selection and recognition with high quantitative precision. Interestingly, the influence of feature contrast on attention has been included in TVA only recently, although it has been extensively studied outside the TVA framework. The present approach further develops this extension of TVA’s scope by measuring and modeling salience. An empirical measure of salience is achieved by linking different (orientation and luminance) contrasts to a TVA parameter. In the modeling part, the function relating feature contrasts to salience is described mathematically and tested against alternatives by Bayesian model comparison. This model comparison reveals that the power function is an appropriate model of salience growth in the dimensions of orientation and luminance contrast. Furthermore, if contrasts from the two dimensions are comb"}],"publication":"Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["Salience","Visual attention","Bayesian inference","Theory of visual attention","Computational modeling","Inference","Object Recognition","Theories","Visual Perception","Visual Attention","Luminance","Perceptual Orientation","Statistical Probability","Stimulus Salience","Computational Modeling"],"citation":{"ieee":"A. Krüger, J. Tünnermann, and I. Scharlau, “Measuring and modeling salience with the theory of visual attention.,” <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i>, vol. 79, no. 6, pp. 1593–1614, 2017, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-017-1325-6\">10.3758/s13414-017-1325-6</a>.","chicago":"Krüger, Alexander, Jan Tünnermann, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Measuring and Modeling Salience with the Theory of Visual Attention.” <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i> 79, no. 6 (2017): 1593–1614. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-017-1325-6\">https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-017-1325-6</a>.","ama":"Krüger A, Tünnermann J, Scharlau I. Measuring and modeling salience with the theory of visual attention. <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i>. 2017;79(6):1593-1614. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-017-1325-6\">10.3758/s13414-017-1325-6</a>","apa":"Krüger, A., Tünnermann, J., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2017). Measuring and modeling salience with the theory of visual attention. <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i>, <i>79</i>(6), 1593–1614. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-017-1325-6\">https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-017-1325-6</a>","mla":"Krüger, Alexander, et al. “Measuring and Modeling Salience with the Theory of Visual Attention.” <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i>, vol. 79, no. 6, 2017, pp. 1593–614, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-017-1325-6\">10.3758/s13414-017-1325-6</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Krüger_Tünnermann_Scharlau_2017, title={Measuring and modeling salience with the theory of visual attention.}, volume={79}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-017-1325-6\">10.3758/s13414-017-1325-6</a>}, number={6}, journal={Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics}, author={Krüger, Alexander and Tünnermann, Jan and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2017}, pages={1593–1614} }","short":"A. Krüger, J. Tünnermann, I. Scharlau, Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics 79 (2017) 1593–1614."},"page":"1593 - 1614","intvolume":"        79","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1943-3921"]},"doi":"10.3758/s13414-017-1325-6","author":[{"first_name":"Alexander","full_name":"Krüger, Alexander","last_name":"Krüger"},{"full_name":"Tünnermann, Jan","last_name":"Tünnermann","first_name":"Jan"},{"first_name":"Ingrid","last_name":"Scharlau","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","id":"451","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid"}],"volume":79,"date_updated":"2022-06-06T14:08:05Z","status":"public","type":"journal_article","article_type":"original","user_id":"42165","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"_id":"6075"},{"citation":{"short":"A. Krüger, J. Tünnermann, I. Scharlau, Advances in Cognitive Psychology 12 (2016) 20–38.","bibtex":"@article{Krüger_Tünnermann_Scharlau_2016, title={Fast and conspicuous? Quantifying salience with the theory of visual attention.}, volume={12}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5709/acp-0184-1\">10.5709/acp-0184-1</a>}, number={1}, journal={Advances in Cognitive Psychology}, author={Krüger, Alexander and Tünnermann, Jan and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2016}, pages={20–38} }","mla":"Krüger, Alexander, et al. “Fast and Conspicuous? Quantifying Salience with the Theory of Visual Attention.” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>, vol. 12, no. 1, 2016, pp. 20–38, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5709/acp-0184-1\">10.5709/acp-0184-1</a>.","apa":"Krüger, A., Tünnermann, J., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2016). Fast and conspicuous? Quantifying salience with the theory of visual attention. <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>, <i>12</i>(1), 20–38. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5709/acp-0184-1\">https://doi.org/10.5709/acp-0184-1</a>","chicago":"Krüger, Alexander, Jan Tünnermann, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Fast and Conspicuous? Quantifying Salience with the Theory of Visual Attention.” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i> 12, no. 1 (2016): 20–38. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5709/acp-0184-1\">https://doi.org/10.5709/acp-0184-1</a>.","ieee":"A. Krüger, J. Tünnermann, and I. Scharlau, “Fast and conspicuous? Quantifying salience with the theory of visual attention.,” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 20–38, 2016, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5709/acp-0184-1\">10.5709/acp-0184-1</a>.","ama":"Krüger A, Tünnermann J, Scharlau I. Fast and conspicuous? Quantifying salience with the theory of visual attention. <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>. 2016;12(1):20-38. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5709/acp-0184-1\">10.5709/acp-0184-1</a>"},"page":"20 - 38","intvolume":"        12","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1895-1171"]},"main_file_link":[{"url":"http://ac-psych.org/en/download-pdf/volume/12/issue/1/id/185","open_access":"1"}],"doi":"10.5709/acp-0184-1","date_updated":"2022-06-06T16:21:09Z","oa":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Krüger","full_name":"Krüger, Alexander","first_name":"Alexander"},{"first_name":"Jan","last_name":"Tünnermann","full_name":"Tünnermann, Jan"},{"first_name":"Ingrid","last_name":"Scharlau","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","id":"451"}],"volume":12,"status":"public","type":"journal_article","funded_apc":"1","_id":"6071","user_id":"42165","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"year":"2016","issue":"1","title":"Fast and conspicuous? Quantifying salience with the theory of visual attention.","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:04:15Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Particular differences between an object and its surrounding cause salience, guide attention, and improve performance in various tasks. While much research has been dedicated to identifying which feature dimensions contribute to salience, much less regard has been paid to the quantitative strength of the salience caused by feature differences. Only a few studies systematically related salience effects to a common salience measure, and they are partly outdated in the light of new findings on the time course of salience effects. We propose Bundesen’s Theory of Visual Attention (TV A) as a theoretical basis for measuring salience and introduce an empirical and modeling approach to link this theory to data retrieved from temporal-order judgments. With this procedure, TV A becomes applicable to a broad range of salience-related stimulus material. Three experiments with orientation pop-out displays demonstrate the feasibility of the method. A 4th experiment substantiates its applicability t"}],"publication":"Advances in Cognitive Psychology","keyword":["salience","visual attention","Bayesian inference","theory of visual attention","computational modeling","Visual Attention","Computational Modeling","Inference","Judgment","Statistical Probability"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"title":"Peripheral visual cues: Their fate in processing and effects on attention and temporal-order perception.","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442/full"}],"oa":"1","date_updated":"2022-06-06T16:29:50Z","volume":7,"author":[{"full_name":"Tünnermann, Jan","last_name":"Tünnermann","first_name":"Jan"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","id":"451","first_name":"Ingrid"}],"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:06:09Z","year":"2016","intvolume":"         7","citation":{"ieee":"J. Tünnermann and I. Scharlau, “Peripheral visual cues: Their fate in processing and effects on attention and temporal-order perception.,” <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>, vol. 7, 2016, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442\">10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442</a>.","chicago":"Tünnermann, Jan, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Peripheral Visual Cues: Their Fate in Processing and Effects on Attention and Temporal-Order Perception.” <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i> 7 (2016). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442\">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442</a>.","ama":"Tünnermann J, Scharlau I. Peripheral visual cues: Their fate in processing and effects on attention and temporal-order perception. <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>. 2016;7. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442\">10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442</a>","apa":"Tünnermann, J., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2016). Peripheral visual cues: Their fate in processing and effects on attention and temporal-order perception. <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>, <i>7</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442\">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442</a>","mla":"Tünnermann, Jan, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Peripheral Visual Cues: Their Fate in Processing and Effects on Attention and Temporal-Order Perception.” <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>, vol. 7, 2016, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442\">10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Tünnermann_Scharlau_2016, title={Peripheral visual cues: Their fate in processing and effects on attention and temporal-order perception.}, volume={7}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442\">10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01442</a>}, journal={Frontiers in Psychology}, author={Tünnermann, Jan and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2016} }","short":"J. Tünnermann, I. Scharlau, Frontiers in Psychology 7 (2016)."},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1664-1078"]},"publication_status":"published","keyword":["cueing","temporal-order judgements","theory of visual attention (TVA)","peripheral cue","processing speed","stimulus encoding","prior entry","Attention","Cues","Face Perception","Judgment"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"6080","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"user_id":"42165","abstract":[{"text":"Peripheral visual cues lead to large shifts in psychometric distributions of temporal-order judgments. In one view, such shifts are attributed to attention speeding up processing of the cued stimulus, so-called prior entry. However, sometimes these shifts are so large that it is unlikely that they are caused by attention alone. Here we tested the prevalent alternative explanation that the cue is sometimes confused with the target on a perceptual level, bolstering the shift of the psychometric function. We applied a novel model of cued temporal-order judgments, derived from Bundesen’s Theory of Visual Attention.We found that cue–target confusions indeed contribute to shifting psychometric functions. However, cue-induced changes in the processing rates of the target stimuli play an important role, too. At smaller cueing intervals, the cue increased the processing speed of the target. At larger intervals, inhibition of return was predominant. Earlier studies of cued TOJs were insensitive","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","publication":"Frontiers in Psychology","type":"journal_article"},{"status":"public","type":"journal_article","_id":"6066","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"user_id":"42165","intvolume":"        15","citation":{"ieee":"J. Tünnermann, A. Petersen, and I. Scharlau, “Does attention speed up processing? Decreases and increases of processing rates in visual prior entry.,” <i>Journal of Vision</i>, vol. 15, no. 3, 2015, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1167/15.3.1\">10.1167/15.3.1</a>.","chicago":"Tünnermann, Jan, Anders Petersen, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Does Attention Speed up Processing? Decreases and Increases of Processing Rates in Visual Prior Entry.” <i>Journal of Vision</i> 15, no. 3 (2015). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1167/15.3.1\">https://doi.org/10.1167/15.3.1</a>.","mla":"Tünnermann, Jan, et al. “Does Attention Speed up Processing? Decreases and Increases of Processing Rates in Visual Prior Entry.” <i>Journal of Vision</i>, vol. 15, no. 3, 2015, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1167/15.3.1\">10.1167/15.3.1</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Tünnermann_Petersen_Scharlau_2015, title={Does attention speed up processing? Decreases and increases of processing rates in visual prior entry.}, volume={15}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1167/15.3.1\">10.1167/15.3.1</a>}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Vision}, author={Tünnermann, Jan and Petersen, Anders and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2015} }","short":"J. Tünnermann, A. Petersen, I. Scharlau, Journal of Vision 15 (2015).","ama":"Tünnermann J, Petersen A, Scharlau I. Does attention speed up processing? Decreases and increases of processing rates in visual prior entry. <i>Journal of Vision</i>. 2015;15(3). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1167/15.3.1\">10.1167/15.3.1</a>","apa":"Tünnermann, J., Petersen, A., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2015). Does attention speed up processing? Decreases and increases of processing rates in visual prior entry. <i>Journal of Vision</i>, <i>15</i>(3). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1167/15.3.1\">https://doi.org/10.1167/15.3.1</a>"},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1534-7362"]},"publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1167/15.3.1","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://jov.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2213282"}],"date_updated":"2022-06-06T16:31:07Z","oa":"1","volume":15,"author":[{"first_name":"Jan","last_name":"Tünnermann","full_name":"Tünnermann, Jan"},{"first_name":"Anders","last_name":"Petersen","full_name":"Petersen, Anders"},{"first_name":"Ingrid","id":"451","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","last_name":"Scharlau","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Selective visual attention improves performance in many tasks. Among others, it leads to 'prior entry'—earlier perception of an attended compared to an unattended stimulus. Whether this phenomenon is purely based on an increase of the processing rate of the attended stimulus or if a decrease in the processing rate of the unattended stimulus also contributes to the effect is, up to now, unanswered. Here we describe a novel approach to this question based on Bundesen’s Theory of Visual Attention, which we use to overcome the limitations of earlier prior-entry assessment with temporal order judgments (TOJs) that only allow relative statements regarding the processing speed of attended and unattended stimuli. Prevalent models of prior entry in TOJs either indirectly predict a pure acceleration or cannot model the difference between acceleration and deceleration. In a paradigm that combines a letter-identification task with TOJs, we show that indeed acceleration of the attended and deceler","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"Journal of Vision","keyword":["unattended stimuli","attention speed","cognitive processing","Attention","Humans","Judgment","Mental Recall","Visual Perception","Stimulus Parameters","Visual Perception","Visual Attention","Cognitive Processes","Velocity"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2015","issue":"3","title":"Does attention speed up processing? Decreases and increases of processing rates in visual prior entry.","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:01:56Z"},{"date_updated":"2022-06-06T16:35:40Z","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:06:20Z","author":[{"last_name":"Hilkenmeier","full_name":"Hilkenmeier, Frederic","first_name":"Frederic"},{"first_name":"Christian N. L.","last_name":"Olivers","full_name":"Olivers, Christian N. L."},{"full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","id":"451","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau","first_name":"Ingrid"}],"volume":38,"title":"Prior entry and temporal attention: Cueing affects order errors in RSVP.","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0096-1523"]},"issue":"1","year":"2012","citation":{"mla":"Hilkenmeier, Frederic, et al. “Prior Entry and Temporal Attention: Cueing Affects Order Errors in RSVP.” <i>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance</i>, vol. 38, no. 1, 2012, pp. 180–90.","short":"F. Hilkenmeier, C.N.L. Olivers, I. Scharlau, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 38 (2012) 180–190.","bibtex":"@article{Hilkenmeier_Olivers_Scharlau_2012, title={Prior entry and temporal attention: Cueing affects order errors in RSVP.}, volume={38}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance}, author={Hilkenmeier, Frederic and Olivers, Christian N. L. and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2012}, pages={180–190} }","apa":"Hilkenmeier, F., Olivers, C. N. L., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2012). Prior entry and temporal attention: Cueing affects order errors in RSVP. <i>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance</i>, <i>38</i>(1), 180–190.","ama":"Hilkenmeier F, Olivers CNL, Scharlau I. Prior entry and temporal attention: Cueing affects order errors in RSVP. <i>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance</i>. 2012;38(1):180-190.","chicago":"Hilkenmeier, Frederic, Christian N. L. Olivers, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Prior Entry and Temporal Attention: Cueing Affects Order Errors in RSVP.” <i>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance</i> 38, no. 1 (2012): 180–90.","ieee":"F. Hilkenmeier, C. N. L. Olivers, and I. Scharlau, “Prior entry and temporal attention: Cueing affects order errors in RSVP.,” <i>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance</i>, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 180–190, 2012."},"page":"180 - 190","intvolume":"        38","_id":"6081","user_id":"42165","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"keyword":["attentional blink","attentional enhancement","lag-1 sparing","prior entry","temporal cueing","visual attention","rapid serial presentation","Adolescent","Adult","Attention","Attentional Blink","Color Perception","Cues","Female","Humans","Male","Neuropsychological Tests","Pattern Recognition","Visual","Time Factors","Visual Perception","Young Adult","Cues","Serial Recall","Visual Attention","Eyeblink Reflex"],"funded_apc":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","publication":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance","abstract":[{"text":"The law of prior entry states that attended objects come to consciousness more quickly than unattended ones. This has been well established in spatial cueing paradigms, where two task-relevant stimuli are presented near-simultaneously at two different locations. Here, we suggest that prior entry also plays a pivotal role in temporal attention paradigms, where stimuli appear at the same location but at distinct moments in time, in rapid serial presentation (RSVP). Specifically, we hypothesize that prior entry can explain temporal order reversals in reporting two targets from RSVP. In support of this, three experiments show that cueing attention toward either of the targets has a strong influence on order errors. We conclude that prior entry provides a viable explanation of the way in which relevant information is prioritized in RSVP. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public"},{"status":"public","type":"journal_article","funded_apc":"1","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"user_id":"42165","_id":"6082","intvolume":"        73","page":"53 - 67","citation":{"apa":"Olivers, C. N. L., Hilkenmeier, F., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2011). Prior entry explains order reversals in the attentional blink. <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i>, <i>73</i>(1), 53–67.","mla":"Olivers, Christian N. L., et al. “Prior Entry Explains Order Reversals in the Attentional Blink.” <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i>, vol. 73, no. 1, 2011, pp. 53–67.","bibtex":"@article{Olivers_Hilkenmeier_Scharlau_2011, title={Prior entry explains order reversals in the attentional blink.}, volume={73}, number={1}, journal={Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics}, author={Olivers, Christian N. L. and Hilkenmeier, Frederic and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2011}, pages={53–67} }","short":"C.N.L. Olivers, F. Hilkenmeier, I. Scharlau, Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics 73 (2011) 53–67.","ama":"Olivers CNL, Hilkenmeier F, Scharlau I. Prior entry explains order reversals in the attentional blink. <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i>. 2011;73(1):53-67.","ieee":"C. N. L. Olivers, F. Hilkenmeier, and I. Scharlau, “Prior entry explains order reversals in the attentional blink.,” <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i>, vol. 73, no. 1, pp. 53–67, 2011.","chicago":"Olivers, Christian N. L., Frederic Hilkenmeier, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Prior Entry Explains Order Reversals in the Attentional Blink.” <i>Attention, Perception, &#38; Psychophysics</i> 73, no. 1 (2011): 53–67."},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1943-3921"]},"publication_status":"published","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/Olivers_etal__2011__AP_PProofs.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"volume":73,"author":[{"last_name":"Olivers","full_name":"Olivers, Christian N. L.","first_name":"Christian N. L."},{"full_name":"Hilkenmeier, Frederic","last_name":"Hilkenmeier","first_name":"Frederic"},{"first_name":"Ingrid","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","id":"451","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau"}],"oa":"1","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:16:50Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"When two targets are presented in rapid succession, the first target (T1) is usually identified, but the second target (T2) is often missed. A remarkable exception to this 'attentional blink' occurs when T2 immediately follows the first T1, at lag 1. It is then often spared but reported in the wrong order—that is, before T1. These order reversals have led to the hypothesis that 'lag 1 sparing' occurs because the two targets merge into a single episodic representation. Here, we report evidence consistent with an alternative theory: T2 receives more attention than T1, leading to prior entry into working memory. Two experiments showed that the more T2 performance exceeded that for T1, the more order reversals were made. Furthermore, precuing T1 led to a shift in performance benefits from T2 to T1 and to an equivalent reduction in order reversals. We conclude that it is not necessary to assume episodic integration to explain lag 1 sparing or the accompanying order reversals. (PsycINFO Dat"}],"publication":"Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["attentional blink","order reversals","prior entry","working memory","visual attention","attentional performance","Adolescent","Adult","Attention","Attentional Blink","Color Perception","Cues","Discrimination (Psychology)","Female","Humans","Male","Memory","Short-Term","Pattern Recognition","Visual","Psychophysics","Reaction Time","Reversal Learning","Sensory Gating","Serial Learning","Young Adult","Eyeblink Reflex","Stimulus Change","Stimulus Parameters","Visual Attention","Attentional Blink","Short Term Memory"],"year":"2011","issue":"1","title":"Prior entry explains order reversals in the attentional blink.","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:06:31Z"},{"oa":"1","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:17:51Z","author":[{"first_name":"Ulrich","last_name":"Ansorge","full_name":"Ansorge, Ulrich"},{"full_name":"Horstmann, Gernot","last_name":"Horstmann","first_name":"Gernot"},{"last_name":"Scharlau","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","id":"451","first_name":"Ingrid"}],"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:08:08Z","volume":135,"title":"Top–down contingent attentional capture during feed-forward visual processing.","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/AHSActa2011.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0001-6918"]},"issue":"2","year":"2010","citation":{"bibtex":"@article{Ansorge_Horstmann_Scharlau_2010, title={Top–down contingent attentional capture during feed-forward visual processing.}, volume={135}, number={2}, journal={Acta Psychologica}, author={Ansorge, Ulrich and Horstmann, Gernot and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2010}, pages={123–126} }","short":"U. Ansorge, G. Horstmann, I. Scharlau, Acta Psychologica 135 (2010) 123–126.","mla":"Ansorge, Ulrich, et al. “Top–down Contingent Attentional Capture during Feed-Forward Visual Processing.” <i>Acta Psychologica</i>, vol. 135, no. 2, 2010, pp. 123–26.","apa":"Ansorge, U., Horstmann, G., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2010). Top–down contingent attentional capture during feed-forward visual processing. <i>Acta Psychologica</i>, <i>135</i>(2), 123–126.","ama":"Ansorge U, Horstmann G, Scharlau I. Top–down contingent attentional capture during feed-forward visual processing. <i>Acta Psychologica</i>. 2010;135(2):123-126.","chicago":"Ansorge, Ulrich, Gernot Horstmann, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Top–down Contingent Attentional Capture during Feed-Forward Visual Processing.” <i>Acta Psychologica</i> 135, no. 2 (2010): 123–26.","ieee":"U. Ansorge, G. Horstmann, and I. Scharlau, “Top–down contingent attentional capture during feed-forward visual processing.,” <i>Acta Psychologica</i>, vol. 135, no. 2, pp. 123–126, 2010."},"intvolume":"       135","page":"123 - 126","_id":"6090","user_id":"42165","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"keyword":["visual selection","attention","information","visual field","brain","Attention","Humans","Models","Psychological","Visual Perception","Volition","Brain","Visual Field","Visual Perception","Visual Attention","Information"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","publication":"Acta Psychologica","abstract":[{"text":"Comments on an article by Jan Theeuwes (see record [rid]2010-20897-002[/rid]). Theeuwes summarizes an impressive number of studies demonstrating interference by irrelevant visual singletons in computer experiments with humans. Theeuwes assumes that this salience-driven capture of attention is fast and occurs within 150 ms since singleton onset, during the feed-forward phase of visual processing. In contrast to Theeuwes, we think that top–down contingent capture is the rule and explains initial and fast attention capture effects in the first feed-forward phase of visual processing. During a later phase and under some conditions exogenous capture of attention possibly follows. At the same time, we propose that the evidence presented by Theeuwes fails to support exogenous orienting because it fails to exclude a top–down contingent capture explanation. We present our arguments in two sections. One major source of evidence for top–down controlled attentional capture during the feed-forward","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public"},{"keyword":["temporal attention","attentional blink paradigm","first target information","top-down allocation","rapid serial visual presentation","Stimulus Presentation Methods","Visual Stimulation","Visual Attention"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"text":"How fast can information of a first target (T1) in a rapid serial visual presentation be used for top-down allocation of attention in time? A valid cue about the temporal position of a second target (T2) was integrated into T1. The data show that 100 ms after T1 onset, T2 was identified better than without cue, raising the conditional T2 performance. T1 apparently triggers a facilitative effect of attention, known from other paradigms such as peripheral cueing. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"European Journal of Cognitive Psychology","title":"Rapid allocation of temporal attention in the attentional blink paradigm.","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:06:43Z","year":"2010","issue":"8","funded_apc":"1","_id":"6083","user_id":"42165","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"status":"public","type":"journal_article","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/HilkenmeierScharlau2010.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"oa":"1","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:18:16Z","author":[{"full_name":"Hilkenmeier, Frederic","last_name":"Hilkenmeier","first_name":"Frederic"},{"first_name":"Ingrid","last_name":"Scharlau","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","id":"451"}],"volume":22,"citation":{"mla":"Hilkenmeier, Frederic, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Rapid Allocation of Temporal Attention in the Attentional Blink Paradigm.” <i>European Journal of Cognitive Psychology</i>, vol. 22, no. 8, 2010, pp. 1222–34.","short":"F. Hilkenmeier, I. Scharlau, European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 22 (2010) 1222–1234.","bibtex":"@article{Hilkenmeier_Scharlau_2010, title={Rapid allocation of temporal attention in the attentional blink paradigm.}, volume={22}, number={8}, journal={European Journal of Cognitive Psychology}, author={Hilkenmeier, Frederic and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2010}, pages={1222–1234} }","apa":"Hilkenmeier, F., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2010). Rapid allocation of temporal attention in the attentional blink paradigm. <i>European Journal of Cognitive Psychology</i>, <i>22</i>(8), 1222–1234.","ama":"Hilkenmeier F, Scharlau I. Rapid allocation of temporal attention in the attentional blink paradigm. <i>European Journal of Cognitive Psychology</i>. 2010;22(8):1222-1234.","ieee":"F. Hilkenmeier and I. Scharlau, “Rapid allocation of temporal attention in the attentional blink paradigm.,” <i>European Journal of Cognitive Psychology</i>, vol. 22, no. 8, pp. 1222–1234, 2010.","chicago":"Hilkenmeier, Frederic, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Rapid Allocation of Temporal Attention in the Attentional Blink Paradigm.” <i>European Journal of Cognitive Psychology</i> 22, no. 8 (2010): 1222–34."},"intvolume":"        22","page":"1222 - 1234","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0954-1446"]}},{"status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The relevance of top-down information in the deployment of attention has more and more been emphasized in cognitive psychology. We present recent findings about the dynamic of these processes and also demonstrate that task relevance can be adjusted rapidly by incoming bottom-up information. This adjustment substantially increases performance in a subsequent task. Implications for artificial visual models are discussed."}],"publication":"KI 2009: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Artificial Intelligence.","type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"funded_apc":"1","keyword":["visuo-spatial attention","top-down control","task relevance","artificial visual attention","attentional blink"],"department":[{"_id":"424"}],"user_id":"42165","_id":"28964","citation":{"apa":"Hilkenmeier, F., Tünnermann, J., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2009). Early Top-Down Influences in Control of Attention: Evidence from the Attentional Blink. <i>KI 2009: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Artificial Intelligence.</i>","bibtex":"@article{Hilkenmeier_Tünnermann_Scharlau_2009, title={Early Top-Down Influences in Control of Attention: Evidence from the Attentional Blink}, journal={KI 2009: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Artificial Intelligence.}, author={Hilkenmeier, Frederic and Tünnermann, Jan and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2009} }","short":"F. Hilkenmeier, J. Tünnermann, I. Scharlau, KI 2009: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Artificial Intelligence. (2009).","mla":"Hilkenmeier, Frederic, et al. “Early Top-Down Influences in Control of Attention: Evidence from the Attentional Blink.” <i>KI 2009: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Artificial Intelligence.</i>, 2009.","chicago":"Hilkenmeier, Frederic, Jan Tünnermann, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Early Top-Down Influences in Control of Attention: Evidence from the Attentional Blink.” <i>KI 2009: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Artificial Intelligence.</i>, 2009.","ieee":"F. Hilkenmeier, J. Tünnermann, and I. Scharlau, “Early Top-Down Influences in Control of Attention: Evidence from the Attentional Blink,” <i>KI 2009: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Artificial Intelligence.</i>, 2009.","ama":"Hilkenmeier F, Tünnermann J, Scharlau I. Early Top-Down Influences in Control of Attention: Evidence from the Attentional Blink. <i>KI 2009: Advances in Artificial Intelligence Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Artificial Intelligence</i>. Published online 2009."},"year":"2009","publication_status":"published","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/KI09_Hilkenmeier_TD_AB.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"title":"Early Top-Down Influences in Control of Attention: Evidence from the Attentional Blink","author":[{"first_name":"Frederic","last_name":"Hilkenmeier","full_name":"Hilkenmeier, Frederic"},{"full_name":"Tünnermann, Jan","last_name":"Tünnermann","first_name":"Jan"},{"full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","id":"451","last_name":"Scharlau","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","first_name":"Ingrid"}],"date_created":"2021-12-15T13:09:25Z","date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:18:37Z","oa":"1"},{"title":"Visual attention and the mechanism of metacontrast.","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:08:43Z","year":"2007","issue":"6","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["visual attention","metacontrast","backward pattern masking","monotonic components superimposition","Attention","Contrast Sensitivity","Humans","Judgment","Perceptual Masking","Visual Perception","Metacognition","Visual Contrast","Visual Attention","Visual Masking"],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The U-shaped metacontrast function may result from the superimposition of two monotonic components which reflect the effects of mechanisms similar to the peripheral and central processes suggested for backward pattern masking by Turvey (Psychol Rev 80:1-52, 1973). In an experiment using the disc-ring paradigm, it was demonstrated that the decreasing and increasing branches of the metacontrast function are differently affected by the exposure duration of the mask and a task-irrelevant stimulus (distractor) appearing in the contralateral visual hemifield. The phenomenal representation of masking is different for the two parts of the curve. It is suggested that masking in the second part of the masking function, but not in the first, is related to the control of visual attention. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)"}],"publication":"Psychological Research","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/NeumannScharlau2006VisualAttentionandMetscontrast.pdf"}],"volume":71,"author":[{"first_name":"Odmar","last_name":"Neumann","full_name":"Neumann, Odmar"},{"id":"451","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau","first_name":"Ingrid"}],"date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:20:12Z","oa":"1","intvolume":"        71","page":"626 - 633","citation":{"chicago":"Neumann, Odmar, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Visual Attention and the Mechanism of Metacontrast.” <i>Psychological Research</i> 71, no. 6 (2007): 626–33.","ieee":"O. Neumann and I. Scharlau, “Visual attention and the mechanism of metacontrast.,” <i>Psychological Research</i>, vol. 71, no. 6, pp. 626–633, 2007.","ama":"Neumann O, Scharlau I. Visual attention and the mechanism of metacontrast. <i>Psychological Research</i>. 2007;71(6):626-633.","apa":"Neumann, O., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2007). Visual attention and the mechanism of metacontrast. <i>Psychological Research</i>, <i>71</i>(6), 626–633.","mla":"Neumann, Odmar, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Visual Attention and the Mechanism of Metacontrast.” <i>Psychological Research</i>, vol. 71, no. 6, 2007, pp. 626–33.","bibtex":"@article{Neumann_Scharlau_2007, title={Visual attention and the mechanism of metacontrast.}, volume={71}, number={6}, journal={Psychological Research}, author={Neumann, Odmar and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2007}, pages={626–633} }","short":"O. Neumann, I. Scharlau, Psychological Research 71 (2007) 626–633."},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0340-0727"]},"publication_status":"published","extern":"1","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"user_id":"42165","_id":"6093","status":"public","type":"journal_article"},{"title":"Perceptual latency priming and illusory line motion: Facilitation by gradients of attention?","author":[{"last_name":"Scharlau","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","id":"451","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","first_name":"Ingrid"},{"first_name":"Gernot","last_name":"Horstmann","full_name":"Horstmann, Gernot"}],"date_created":"2018-12-10T07:05:32Z","volume":2,"date_updated":"2022-06-07T04:36:36Z","citation":{"ieee":"I. Scharlau and G. Horstmann, “Perceptual latency priming and illusory line motion: Facilitation by gradients of attention?,” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 87–97, 2006.","chicago":"Scharlau, Ingrid, and Gernot Horstmann. “Perceptual Latency Priming and Illusory Line Motion: Facilitation by Gradients of Attention?” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i> 2, no. 1 (2006): 87–97.","ama":"Scharlau I, Horstmann G. Perceptual latency priming and illusory line motion: Facilitation by gradients of attention? <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>. 2006;2(1):87-97.","bibtex":"@article{Scharlau_Horstmann_2006, title={Perceptual latency priming and illusory line motion: Facilitation by gradients of attention?}, volume={2}, number={1}, journal={Advances in Cognitive Psychology}, author={Scharlau, Ingrid and Horstmann, Gernot}, year={2006}, pages={87–97} }","short":"I. Scharlau, G. Horstmann, Advances in Cognitive Psychology 2 (2006) 87–97.","mla":"Scharlau, Ingrid, and Gernot Horstmann. “Perceptual Latency Priming and Illusory Line Motion: Facilitation by Gradients of Attention?” <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>, vol. 2, no. 1, 2006, pp. 87–97.","apa":"Scharlau, I., &#38; Horstmann, G. (2006). Perceptual latency priming and illusory line motion: Facilitation by gradients of attention? <i>Advances in Cognitive Psychology</i>, <i>2</i>(1), 87–97."},"intvolume":"         2","page":"87 - 97","year":"2006","issue":"1","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1895-1171"]},"extern":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["perceptual latency priming","illusory line motion","attention","visual angle","Illusions (Perception)","Priming","Visual Field","Visual Perception","Visual Attention","Spatial Orientation (Perception)"],"user_id":"42165","department":[{"_id":"424"}],"_id":"6077","status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The phenomena of illusory line motion and perceptual latency priming are both assumed to reflect a facilitation of perceptual latency. The explanation of illusory line motion presupposes that attention is distributed in a gradient fashion whereas this is not a necessary part of the explanation of perceptual latency priming. Two experiments test whether an attentional gradient is present in perceptual latency priming. Evidence for a gradient was found within 2.5° of visual angle around the attended location, but not at a distance of 5° and more. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)"}],"type":"journal_article","publication":"Advances in Cognitive Psychology"},{"year":"2004","issue":"8","title":"The spatial distribution of attention in perceptual latency priming.","date_created":"2018-12-10T07:07:56Z","abstract":[{"text":"The spatial distribution of visual attention is a yet unresolved question. One of the main topics is whether attention is distributed in a graded fashion around an attended location (e.g., Downing, 1988; Zimba & Hughes, 1987). The present experiments explore whether, and on which conditions, gradients of attention arise and contribute to perceptual facilitation. A masked or unmasked prime precedes one of two targets whose temporal order has to be judged. The prime captures attention, which shortens the perceptual latency of the primed target (perceptual latency priming; Scharlau & Neumann, 2003a; Shore, Spence, & Klein, 2001). No strong evidence for an attentional gradient was found. (1) Accuracy of temporal order judgements was independent of the distance between the two targets that were judged. That is, facilitation of the second target by the first target was spatially invariant. (2) With targets of short duration, facilitation was independent of prime-target distance. (3) With ta","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology","keyword":["visual attention","spatial distribution","perceptual latency priming","Attention","Priming","Spatial Organization","Visual Perception"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"citation":{"bibtex":"@article{Scharlau_2004, title={The spatial distribution of attention in perceptual latency priming.}, volume={57A}, number={8}, journal={The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology}, author={Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2004}, pages={1411–1436} }","short":"I. Scharlau, The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology 57A (2004) 1411–1436.","mla":"Scharlau, Ingrid. “The Spatial Distribution of Attention in Perceptual Latency Priming.” <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology</i>, vol. 57A, no. 8, 2004, pp. 1411–36.","apa":"Scharlau, I. (2004). The spatial distribution of attention in perceptual latency priming. <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology</i>, <i>57A</i>(8), 1411–1436.","chicago":"Scharlau, Ingrid. “The Spatial Distribution of Attention in Perceptual Latency Priming.” <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology</i> 57A, no. 8 (2004): 1411–36.","ieee":"I. Scharlau, “The spatial distribution of attention in perceptual latency priming.,” <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology</i>, vol. 57A, no. 8, pp. 1411–1436, 2004.","ama":"Scharlau I. The spatial distribution of attention in perceptual latency priming. <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology</i>. 2004;57A(8):1411-1436."},"page":"1411 - 1436","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0272-4987"]},"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://kw.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/fakultaet/Institute/psychologie/Kognitive_Psychologie/Publikationen/SpliFociFinal.pdf"}],"date_updated":"2022-06-07T00:25:35Z","oa":"1","author":[{"id":"451","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau","first_name":"Ingrid"}],"volume":"57A","status":"public","type":"journal_article","extern":"1","_id":"6089","user_id":"42165","department":[{"_id":"424"}]}]