@article{45786, abstract = {{Intending to counteract Klein’s second discontinuity in teacher education, we explored and applied the innovation of “interface ePortfolio” in the context of a geometry course for preservice teachers (PSTs). The tool offers the possibility of implementing the design principle of profession orientation. In the article, we theoretically clarify what we understand by this principle and locate our innovative concept against this theoretical background. We empirically investigate the extent to which counteraction against the second discontinuity is successful by analyzing reflection texts created in the interface ePortfolio, focusing on PSTs’ perspectives. Our qualitative content analysis shows that most of them perceive the innovation as helpful in the intended sense and indicates that the course concept, in general, and the interface ePortfolio, in particular, have helped establish relevant links between the course content and their later work as teachers.}}, author = {{Hoffmann, Max and Biehler, Rolf}}, issn = {{1863-9690}}, journal = {{ZDM – Mathematics Education}}, keywords = {{General Mathematics, Education}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Implementing profession orientation as a design principle for overcoming Klein’s second discontinuity – preservice teacher’s perspectives on interface activities in the context of a geometry course}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s11858-023-01505-3}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{53801, abstract = {{In this study, we evaluate the impact of gender-biased data from German-language physician reviews on the fairness of fine-tuned language models. For two different downstream tasks, we use data reported to be gender biased and aggregate it with annotations. First, we propose a new approach to aspect-based sentiment analysis that allows identifying, extracting, and classifying implicit and explicit aspect phrases and their polarity within a single model. The second task we present is grade prediction, where we predict the overall grade of a review on the basis of the review text. For both tasks, we train numerous transformer models and evaluate their performance. The aggregation of sensitive attributes, such as a physician’s gender and migration background, with individual text reviews allows us to measure the performance of the models with respect to these sensitive groups. These group-wise performance measures act as extrinsic bias measures for our downstream tasks. In addition, we translate several gender-specific templates of the intrinsic bias metrics into the German language and evaluate our fine-tuned models. Based on this set of tasks, fine-tuned models, and intrinsic and extrinsic bias measures, we perform correlation analyses between intrinsic and extrinsic bias measures. In terms of sensitive groups and effect sizes, our bias measure results show different directions. Furthermore, correlations between measures of intrinsic and extrinsic bias can be observed in different directions. This leads us to conclude that gender-biased data does not inherently lead to biased models. Other variables, such as template dependency for intrinsic measures and label distribution in the data, must be taken into account as they strongly influence the metric results. Therefore, we suggest that metrics and templates should be chosen according to the given task and the biases to be assessed. }}, author = {{Kersting, Joschka and Maoro, Falk and Geierhos, Michaela}}, issn = {{0169-023X}}, journal = {{Data & Knowledge Engineering}}, keywords = {{Language model fairness, Aspect phrase classification, Grade prediction, Physician reviews}}, publisher = {{Elsevier}}, title = {{{Towards comparable ratings: Exploring bias in German physician reviews}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.datak.2023.102235}}, volume = {{148}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inbook{45888, author = {{Wehrheim, Heike and Platzner, Marco and Bodden, Eric and Schubert, Philipp and Pauck, Felix and Jakobs, Marie-Christine}}, booktitle = {{On-The-Fly Computing -- Individualized IT-services in dynamic markets}}, editor = {{Haake, Claus-Jochen and Meyer auf der Heide, Friedhelm and Platzner, Marco and Wachsmuth, Henning and Wehrheim, Heike}}, pages = {{125--144}}, publisher = {{Heinz Nixdorf Institut, Universität Paderborn}}, title = {{{Verifying Software and Reconfigurable Hardware Services}}}, doi = {{10.5281/zenodo.8068583}}, volume = {{412}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inbook{45893, author = {{Hansmeier, Tim and Kenter, Tobias and Meyer, Marius and Riebler, Heinrich and Platzner, Marco and Plessl, Christian}}, booktitle = {{On-The-Fly Computing -- Individualized IT-services in dynamic markets}}, editor = {{Haake, Claus-Jochen and Meyer auf der Heide, Friedhelm and Platzner, Marco and Wachsmuth, Henning and Wehrheim, Heike}}, pages = {{165--182}}, publisher = {{Heinz Nixdorf Institut, Universität Paderborn}}, title = {{{Compute Centers I: Heterogeneous Execution Environments}}}, doi = {{10.5281/zenodo.8068642}}, volume = {{412}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inbook{45899, author = {{Boschmann, Alexander and Clausing, Lennart and Jentzsch, Felix and Ghasemzadeh Mohammadi, Hassan and Platzner, Marco}}, booktitle = {{On-The-Fly Computing -- Individualized IT-services in dynamic markets}}, editor = {{Haake, Claus-Jochen and Meyer auf der Heide, Friedhelm and Platzner, Marco and Wachsmuth, Henning and Wehrheim, Heike}}, pages = {{225--236}}, publisher = {{Heinz Nixdorf Institut, Universität Paderborn}}, title = {{{Flexible Industrial Analytics on Reconfigurable Systems-On-Chip}}}, doi = {{10.5281/zenodo.8068713}}, volume = {{412}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{49306, author = {{Herdramm, Henrike}}, journal = {{BloKK. Der Blog des Zentrums für Komparative Theologie und Kulturwissenschaften}}, title = {{{Tiere in der Theologie? Zur Überwindung der Tiervergessenheit. Der Blog des Zentrums für Komparative Theologie und Kulturwissenschaften}}}, year = {{2023}}, } @misc{54053, abstract = {{Unmittelbar nach der nationalsozialistischen Machtergreifung setzte eine umfassende gesellschaftliche, juristische und existentielle Ausgrenzung jüdischer Akteure ein. Dem Zerbrechen bisheriger Welt- und Normverständnisse zu begegnen wurde zu einer existentiellen Herausforderung sowie zu einem notwendigen Bedürfnis. Eine wichtige Strategie war der Einsatz von Humor und Ironie; auch für die Menschen des Gettos Litzmannstadt. Aus texthermeneutischer, kulturlinguistischer und sprachphilosophischer Perspektive erfasst Friedrich Markewitz – unter Berücksichtigung des Gettos als Diskursraum und dessen Textsortenwelt – Verwendungsweisen und -funktionen von Ironie und perspektiviert sie, um so einen Beitrag zur linguistischen Aufarbeitung der Kommunikation jüdischer Akteure während der Shoa zu leisten.}}, author = {{Markewitz, Friedrich}}, pages = {{529}}, publisher = {{Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht}}, title = {{{Gegen das Verstummen. Texthermeneutische Reflexionen zu Ironie in der Textsortenwelt des Gettos Litzmannstadt}}}, volume = {{2}}, year = {{2023}}, } @book{54054, abstract = {{Die nationalsozialistische Gesellschaft war geprägt von vielgestaltigen kommunikativen Praktiken des sozialen und auch gewaltvollen Ein- und Ausschlusses. Gleichzeitig bildeten sich durch Widerstandshandlungen vielfältige Gegendiskurse heraus. Der Sammelband nimmt konkrete Beispiele kommunikativer Praktiken während des Nationalsozialismus in den Blick und fragt speziell danach, inwiefern diese themen-, textsorten- und akteursspezifisch gebunden waren}}, editor = {{Markewitz, Friedrich and Scholl, Stefan and Schubert, Katrin and Wilk, Nicole M.}}, pages = {{240}}, publisher = {{Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht}}, title = {{{Kommunikative Praktiken im Nationalsozialismus}}}, volume = {{3}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inbook{54062, abstract = {{Invektivitäts-, Aggressions- und Gewaltpraktiken sind als sozial-kommunikative zugleich universelle Phänomene. Als kommunikative Praktiken bestimmt, können sie direkte An- griffe, z. B. in Form rassistischer und sexistischer Kommentare, aber auch indirektere Formen und Muster der Ab- wie Ausgrenzung umfassen. Ziel des Beitrags ist die Erfassung, Einordnung und Kategorisierung kommunikativer Invektivitätshandlungen in den tex- tuellen Kommunikaten Martin Heideggers. Die Linguistik kann in diesem Kontext pro- duktiv dazu beitragen, die Umfassenheit, Ausdifferenziertheit und strukturelle Relevanz der Invektivitäts- wie Gewaltsprachhandlungen als kommunikative Praktiken dieses Phi- losophen aufzuarbeiten und würde dahingehend auf bestehende Forschungsdesiderata reagieren, da sich trotz der Affinität Heideggers zu Fragen des Sprachlichen bisher kaum sprachwissenschaftliche Analysen finden, die Heidegger(s Schriften) zum Analysegegen- stand hatten. Dabei sollen nicht nur explizite Formen kommunikativen Invektivitätshan- delns erfasst werden, sondern ebenso indirektere Formen der Exklusion und Antihuma- nität, die als Teil des differenzphilosophischen Programms Heideggers als Ausgrenzungs- erfahrungen reflektiert werden können.}}, author = {{Markewitz, Friedrich}}, booktitle = {{Kommunikative Praktiken im Nationalsozialismus}}, editor = {{Markewitz, Friedrich and Scholl, Stefan and Schubert, Katrin and Wilk, Nicole M.}}, pages = {{207--240}}, publisher = {{Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht}}, title = {{{„Die Juden 'leben' bei ihrer betont rechnerischen Begabung am längsten schon nach dem Rasseprinzip, weshalb sie sich auch am heftigsten gegen die uneingeschränkte Anwendung zur Wehr setzen“ - Pragmalinguistische Perspektiven auf kommunikative Ausgrenzungs- und Invektivitätspraktiken in der veröffentlichen wie unveröffentlichten textgebundenen Kommunikation Martin Heideggers}}}, volume = {{3}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inbook{54061, abstract = {{Der Beitrag bestimmt anhand der für den kommunistischen und sozialistischen Wider- stand gegen die Hitler-Diktatur charakteristischen Textgattung Tarnschrift die für den Widerstandskontext noch nicht untersuchten kommunikativen Praktiken des Gegenre- dens. Gegenreden wird in seiner dialogischen und responsiven Qualität sowohl aus text- typologischer Perspektive beschrieben als auch am Beispiel der Re-Inszenierung durch direktes und indirektes Referat interaktionslinguistisch gefasst. Schließlich werden auf- grund dieser kritischen, opponierenden und teilweise ironisierenden Bezugnahmen von Tarnschriftenartikeln auf Inhalte des NS-Diskurses und der Propaganda Tarnschriften als kommunikative Gattung der Gegenrede bestimmt. Die kommunikative Praktik des Ge- genredens wird dahingehend präzisiert, dass sie strukturell eine »Ursprungsrede« insze- niert und ein Verfahren der Gegenrede beinhaltet, mit dem sich eine widerstandsspezifi- sche Diskursposition oft auch durch das Aufdecken von Widersprüchen vollzieht. In einer Korpusanalyse von 125 Tarnschriften wird die Varianz der dialogischen Gestaltungsver- fahren des Gegenredens anhand von redeanzeigenden Verben und redebezeichnenden Nomen als Kookkurrenten von Namen wichtiger NS-Funktionäre erfasst.}}, author = {{Markewitz, Friedrich and Wilk, Nicole M.}}, booktitle = {{Kommunikative Praktiken im Nationalsozialismus}}, editor = {{Markewitz, Friedrich and Scholl, Stefan and Schubert, Katrin and Wilk, Nicole M.}}, pages = {{123--142}}, publisher = {{Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht}}, title = {{{Zur Verwendung von wörtlicher und imaginierter (Gegen-)Rede in Tarnschriften des kommunistischen und sozialistischen Widerstands}}}, volume = {{3}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inbook{54059, abstract = {{While forms of resistance and criticism of Nazi actors by jewish prisoners in concentration camps and jewish ghetto inhabitants have already been described, linguistic analyses of communicative conflicts within ghettos are still mostly lacking. Conflicts existed not only because of the heterogeneous social, ethnic, etc. compositions of the ghettos, but also because of internal power struggles. A power hierarchy arising from these struggles within the ghetto can be demonstrated for the Polish ghetto Litzmannstadt: a “ghetto elite” stood in sharp contrast to the majority of the ghetto population. In the context of this proceedings paper, the possibilities and limits of inner-discursive forms of critique on the basis of the power-axis “ghetto-elite”-ghetto-population will be reflected. During this, a contrastive perspective will be additionally adopted in order to compare different text genres, such as the diary, but also the ghetto chronicle and the ghetto encyclopedia, which are unique to the Litzmannstadt ghetto. These texts differ, among other things, in their degree of publicity and thus offer the possibility of being able to grasp the various conditions, functions, possibilities and limits of inner- discursive criticism of power.}}, author = {{Markewitz, Friedrich}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the Conference Language and Power}}, editor = {{Kashkarova, Polina and Kuzmenko, Oleksandra and Nosheen, Anila and Serroukh, Sara and Wirthmüller, David}}, pages = {{76--88}}, title = {{{“Er ist doch ohne Übertreibung die Personifikation des Kategorischen Imperativs. Possibilities and limits of inner-discourse critique on the basis of selected textual communicates of the Litzmannstadt ghetto}}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inbook{54060, author = {{Markewitz, Friedrich and Scholl, Stefan and Schubert, Katrin and Wilk, Nicole M.}}, booktitle = {{Kommunikative Praktiken im Nationalsozialismus}}, editor = {{Markewitz, Friedrich and Scholl, Stefan and Schubert, Katrin and Wilk, Nicole M.}}, pages = {{7--18}}, publisher = {{Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht}}, title = {{{Einleitung}}}, volume = {{3}}, year = {{2023}}, } @misc{54072, author = {{Markewitz, Friedrich}}, booktitle = {{Journal für Medienlinguistik}}, pages = {{70--77}}, title = {{{Der Text}}}, volume = {{5}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inproceedings{49882, abstract = {{Online discussion moderators must make ad-hoc decisions about whether the contributions of discussion participants are appropriate or should be removed to maintain civility. Existing research on offensive language and the resulting tools cover only one aspect among many involved in such decisions. The question of what is considered appropriate in a controversial discussion has not yet been systematically addressed. In this paper, we operationalize appropriate language in argumentation for the first time. In particular, we model appropriateness through the absence of flaws, grounded in research on argument quality assessment, especially in aspects from rhetoric. From these, we derive a new taxonomy of 14 dimensions that determine inappropriate language in online discussions. Building on three argument quality corpora, we then create a corpus of 2191 arguments annotated for the 14 dimensions. Empirical analyses support that the taxonomy covers the concept of appropriateness comprehensively, showing several plausible correlations with argument quality dimensions. Moreover, results of baseline approaches to assessing appropriateness suggest that all dimensions can be modeled computationally on the corpus.}}, author = {{Ziegenbein, Timon and Syed, Shahbaz and Lange, Felix and Potthast, Martin and Wachsmuth, Henning}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics}}, location = {{Toronto}}, pages = {{4344--4363}}, title = {{{Modeling Appropriate Language in Argumentation}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2023.acl-long.238}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inbook{47421, abstract = {{Class expression learning in description logics has long been regarded as an iterative search problem in an infinite conceptual space. Each iteration of the search process invokes a reasoner and a heuristic function. The reasoner finds the instances of the current expression, and the heuristic function computes the information gain and decides on the next step to be taken. As the size of the background knowledge base grows, search-based approaches for class expression learning become prohibitively slow. Current neural class expression synthesis (NCES) approaches investigate the use of neural networks for class expression learning in the attributive language with complement (ALC). While they show significant improvements over search-based approaches in runtime and quality of the computed solutions, they rely on the availability of pretrained embeddings for the input knowledge base. Moreover, they are not applicable to ontologies in more expressive description logics. In this paper, we propose a novel NCES approach which extends the state of the art to the description logic ALCHIQ(D). Our extension, dubbed NCES2, comes with an improved training data generator and does not require pretrained embeddings for the input knowledge base as both the embedding model and the class expression synthesizer are trained jointly. Empirical results on benchmark datasets suggest that our approach inherits the scalability capability of current NCES instances with the additional advantage that it supports more complex learning problems. NCES2 achieves the highest performance overall when compared to search-based approaches and to its predecessor NCES. We provide our source code, datasets, and pretrained models at https://github.com/dice-group/NCES2.}}, author = {{Kouagou, N'Dah Jean and Heindorf, Stefan and Demir, Caglar and Ngonga Ngomo, Axel-Cyrille}}, booktitle = {{Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases: Research Track}}, isbn = {{9783031434204}}, issn = {{0302-9743}}, location = {{Turin}}, publisher = {{Springer Nature Switzerland}}, title = {{{Neural Class Expression Synthesis in ALCHIQ(D)}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-031-43421-1_12}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inproceedings{46988, abstract = {{Extremwettersituationen sind durch die Kombination von globalen und lokalen Wirkzusammenhän-gen gekennzeichnet. In der Gefahrenanalyse und -reaktion ist deshalb der Umgang mit extremen Daten erforderlich, die von heterogenen Datenquellen bezogen und mittels unterschiedlicher Ver-fahren bis hin zum maschinellen Lernen ausgewertet werden. Die Visualisierung dieser zwangsläufig unsicherheitsbehafteten Daten stellt eine Herausforderung dar. Diese wirkt umso bedeutsamer, je weniger Fachexpertise in Bereichen wie Meteorologie, Geologie oder Sensortechnik in einer Füh-rungs- oder Leitstelle eingebunden werden kann. Das Management kritischer Situationen in Echtzeit bei extremen und komplexen Daten muss daher auf einer Bewertung der Informationsqualität von extremen Daten beruhen. Diese Bewertung ist abhängig vom Anwendungskontext in unterschiedli-chen Führungs- und Assistenzstellen sowie der verfügbaren Infrastruktur mit Geräten zur Visualisie-rung, Schnittstellen von Wetterdiensten, Sensorsysteme und Rettungsrobotik. Im Beitrag wird der Ansatz des EU-Projekts CREXDATA in Bezug auf mögliche pluviale Hochwassersituationen in Inns-bruck vorgestellt. Grundlage bildet die Kategorisierung von extremen Daten, die Schnittstellen zu Datenquellen mit globalem und lokalem Bezug sowie Anwendungsfälle für die Visualisierung von Informationen. Es werden somit Grundlagen präsentiert, die in allen Formen von geobasierten Lage- und Führungsinformationssystemen zum Einsatz kommen können.}}, author = {{Pottebaum, Jens and Rechberger, Christina and Hieb, Michael and Gräßler, Iris and Resch, Christian}}, booktitle = {{Tagungsband der Fachtagung Katastrophenforschung 2023}}, isbn = {{978-3-900397-11-1}}, location = {{Leoben}}, pages = {{26--29}}, title = {{{Extremwettersituationen in alpinen Gebieten: Management kritischer Situationen in Echtzeit bei extremen und komplexen Daten}}}, year = {{2023}}, } @unpublished{37937, abstract = {{Knowledge bases are widely used for information management on the web, enabling high-impact applications such as web search, question answering, and natural language processing. They also serve as the backbone for automatic decision systems, e.g. for medical diagnostics and credit scoring. As stakeholders affected by these decisions would like to understand their situation and verify fair decisions, a number of explanation approaches have been proposed using concepts in description logics. However, the learned concepts can become long and difficult to fathom for non-experts, even when verbalized. Moreover, long concepts do not immediately provide a clear path of action to change one's situation. Counterfactuals answering the question "How must feature values be changed to obtain a different classification?" have been proposed as short, human-friendly explanations for tabular data. In this paper, we transfer the notion of counterfactuals to description logics and propose the first algorithm for generating counterfactual explanations in the description logic $\mathcal{ELH}$. Counterfactual candidates are generated from concepts and the candidates with fewest feature changes are selected as counterfactuals. In case of multiple counterfactuals, we rank them according to the likeliness of their feature combinations. For evaluation, we conduct a user survey to investigate which of the generated counterfactual candidates are preferred for explanation by participants. In a second study, we explore possible use cases for counterfactual explanations.}}, author = {{Sieger, Leonie Nora and Heindorf, Stefan and Blübaum, Lukas and Ngonga Ngomo, Axel-Cyrille}}, booktitle = {{arXiv:2301.05109}}, title = {{{Explaining ELH Concept Descriptions through Counterfactual Reasoning}}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{47845, author = {{Aslan, Fatma and Duman, Papatya and Trockel, Walter}}, journal = {{Economics Bulletin}}, number = {{3}}, pages = {{1279--1285}}, title = {{{PEA: core-analogue for non-cohesive games}}}, volume = {{43}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{48589, author = {{Fuchs, Christian}}, journal = {{Critical Sociology}}, number = {{4-5}}, pages = {{727--745}}, title = {{{Ibn Khaldûn and the Political Economy of Communication in the Age of Digital Capitalism}}}, doi = {{10.1177/08969205231206488 }}, volume = {{50}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{48590, author = {{Fuchs, Christian}}, journal = {{Critical Sociology}}, number = {{4-5}}, pages = {{757--765}}, title = {{{Ibn Khaldûn and the Political Economy of Communication: A Reply to Graham Murdock}}}, doi = {{10.1177/08969205231201382}}, volume = {{50}}, year = {{2023}}, }