@article{28099, abstract = {{N-body methods are one of the essential algorithmic building blocks of high-performance and parallel computing. Previous research has shown promising performance for implementing n-body simulations with pairwise force calculations on FPGAs. However, to avoid challenges with accumulation and memory access patterns, the presented designs calculate each pair of forces twice, along with both force sums of the involved particles. Also, they require large problem instances with hundreds of thousands of particles to reach their respective peak performance, limiting the applicability for strong scaling scenarios. This work addresses both issues by presenting a novel FPGA design that uses each calculated force twice and overlaps data transfers and computations in a way that allows to reach peak performance even for small problem instances, outperforming previous single precision results even in double precision, and scaling linearly over multiple interconnected FPGAs. For a comparison across architectures, we provide an equally optimized CPU reference, which for large problems actually achieves higher peak performance per device, however, given the strong scaling advantages of the FPGA design, in parallel setups with few thousand particles per device, the FPGA platform achieves highest performance and power efficiency.}}, author = {{Menzel, Johannes and Plessl, Christian and Kenter, Tobias}}, issn = {{1936-7406}}, journal = {{ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{1--30}}, title = {{{The Strong Scaling Advantage of FPGAs in HPC for N-body Simulations}}}, doi = {{10.1145/3491235}}, volume = {{15}}, year = {{2021}}, } @inproceedings{28440, author = {{Triebus, Marcel and Reitz, Alexander and Grydin, Olexandr and Grenz, Julian and Schneidt, Andreas and Erhardt, Rüdiger and Tröster, Thomas and Schaper, Mirko}}, booktitle = {{13th European LS-DYNA Conference 2021}}, location = {{Ulm}}, title = {{{Forming Simulation of Tailored Press Hardened Parts}}}, year = {{2021}}, } @article{28448, author = {{Droß, M. and Heyser, Per and Meschut, Gerson and Hürkamp, A. and Dröder, K.}}, issn = {{2666-3309}}, journal = {{Journal of Advanced Joining Processes}}, title = {{{Fiber response to pin penetration in dry woven fabric using numerical analysis}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100083}}, year = {{2021}}, } @misc{24095, author = {{Moritzer, Elmar and Hecker, Felix and Hirsch, André}}, booktitle = {{Kunststoffland NRW report}}, number = {{2}}, pages = {{42--43}}, title = {{{Aus der Forschung in die Anwendung - Materialqualifizierung im Kunststoff Freiformen}}}, volume = {{2021}}, year = {{2021}}, } @inproceedings{24166, abstract = {{This paper deals with a novel method for the online fitting of a microscopic traffic simulation model to the current state of a real world traffic area. The traffic state estimation is based on limited data of different measurement sources and guarantees general accordance of reality and simulation in terms of multimodal road traffic counts and vehicle speeds. The research is embedded in the challenge of improving the traffic by controlling the traffic light systems (TLS) of the examined area. Therefore, the current traffic state and the predicted route choices of individual road users are the matter of interest. The concept is generally transferable to any road traffic system. To give an impression of the accuracy and potential of the approach, the validation and first application results are presented.}}, author = {{Malena, Kevin and Link, Christopher and Mertin, Sven and Gausemeier, Sandra and Trächtler, Ansgar}}, booktitle = {{2021 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)}}, isbn = {{978-1-7281-7584-3}}, publisher = {{IEEE}}, title = {{{Validation of an Online State Estimation Concept for Microscopic Traffic Simulations◆}}}, doi = {{10.1109/itec51675.2021.9490087}}, year = {{2021}}, } @inproceedings{24534, author = {{zur Heiden, Philipp and Priefer, Jennifer}}, booktitle = {{Pre-Conference 16th International Congress on Wirtschaftsinformatik at Universität Duisburg-Essen}}, editor = {{Breitner, Michael H. and Lehnhoff, Sebastian and Nieße, Astrid and Staudt, Philipp and Weinhardt, Christof and Werth, Oliver}}, location = {{Universität Duisburg-Essen}}, publisher = {{BIS-Verlag der Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg}}, title = {{{Transitioning to Condition-Based Maintenance on the Distribution Grid: Deriving Design Principles from a Qualitative Study}}}, year = {{2021}}, } @article{26039, author = {{Lahme, Simon and Bauer, Anna and Reinhold, Peter}}, journal = {{Phydid B, Didaktik der Physik, Beiträge zur DPG-Frühjahrstagung}}, pages = {{127--134}}, title = {{{Ansätze zur Diagnose und Förderung von Problemlösefähigkeiten in der Studieneingangsphase Physik}}}, year = {{2021}}, } @inproceedings{26718, author = {{Pollmeier, Pascal and Fechner, Sabine}}, booktitle = {{Naturwissenschaftlicher Unterricht und Lehrerbildung im Umbruch?}}, editor = {{Habig, Sebastian}}, location = {{virtuell}}, pages = {{605--608}}, publisher = {{Universität Duisburg-Essen}}, title = {{{ Erweiterung des epistemologischen Verständnisses durch Konfrontation mit anomalen Daten.}}}, year = {{2021}}, } @phdthesis{26746, abstract = {{Previous research in proof-carrying hardware has established the feasibility and utility of the approach, and provided a concrete solution for employing it for the certification of functional equivalence checking against a specification, but fell short in connecting it to state-of-the-art formal verification insights, methods and tools. Due to the immense complexity of modern circuits, and verification challenges such as the state explosion problem for sequential circuits, this restriction of readily-available verification solutions severely limited the applicability of the approach in wider contexts. This thesis closes the gap between the PCH approach and current advances in formal hardware verification, provides methods and tools to express and certify a wide range of circuit properties, both functional and non-functional, and presents for the first time prototypes in which circuits that are implemented on actual reconfigurable hardware are verified with PCH methods. Using these results, designers can now apply PCH to establish trust in more complex circuits, by using more diverse properties which they can express using modern, efficient property specification techniques.}}, author = {{Wiersema, Tobias}}, keywords = {{Proof-Carrying Hardware, Formal Verification, Sequential Circuits, Non-Functional Properties, Functional Properties}}, pages = {{293}}, publisher = {{Paderborn University}}, title = {{{Guaranteeing Properties of Reconfigurable Hardware Circuits with Proof-Carrying Hardware}}}, year = {{2021}}, } @article{28989, author = {{Bothe, Mike and Lutters, Nicole and Kenig, Eugeny}}, journal = {{Chemical Engineering Transactions}}, title = {{{Examination of hazardous situations in industrial closed-loop processes using dynamic simulations}}}, doi = {{10.3303/CET2188117}}, year = {{2021}}, } @techreport{29057, author = {{Eberbach, Jelena and Sureth-Sloane, Caren and Uhrig-Homburg, Marliese}}, publisher = {{Working Paper}}, title = {{{Option Implied Tax Rate Expectations}}}, year = {{2021}}, } @article{27045, abstract = {{Due to the lack of established real-world benchmark suites for static taint analyses of Android applications, evaluations of these analyses are often restricted and hard to compare. Even in evaluations that do use real-world apps, details about the ground truth in those apps are rarely documented, which makes it difficult to compare and reproduce the results. To push Android taint analysis research forward, this paper thus recommends criteria for constructing real-world benchmark suites for this specific domain, and presents TaintBench, the first real-world malware benchmark suite with documented taint flows. TaintBench benchmark apps include taint flows with complex structures, and addresses static challenges that are commonly agreed on by the community. Together with the TaintBench suite, we introduce the TaintBench framework, whose goal is to simplify real-world benchmarking of Android taint analyses. First, a usability test shows that the framework improves experts’ performance and perceived usability when documenting and inspecting taint flows. Second, experiments using TaintBench reveal new insights for the taint analysis tools Amandroid and FlowDroid: (i) They are less effective on real-world malware apps than on synthetic benchmark apps. (ii) Predefined lists of sources and sinks heavily impact the tools’ accuracy. (iii) Surprisingly, up-to-date versions of both tools are less accurate than their predecessors.}}, author = {{Luo, Linghui and Pauck, Felix and Piskachev, Goran and Benz, Manuel and Pashchenko, Ivan and Mory, Martin and Bodden, Eric and Hermann, Ben and Massacci, Fabio}}, issn = {{1382-3256}}, journal = {{Empirical Software Engineering}}, title = {{{TaintBench: Automatic real-world malware benchmarking of Android taint analyses}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s10664-021-10013-5}}, year = {{2021}}, } @inproceedings{27847, author = {{Lugovtsova, Yevgeniya and Zeipert, Henning and Johannesmann, Sarah and Nicolai, Marcel and Prager, Jens and Henning, Bernd}}, booktitle = {{МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ В ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫХ НАУКАХ - XXX Всероссийская школа-конференция}}, location = {{Perm}}, title = {{{К ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЮ ПРОЧНОСТИ КЛЕЕВОГО СОЕДИНЕНИЯ В МНОГОСЛОЙНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛАХ ПУТЕМ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ОБЛАСТЕЙ РАСТАЛКИВАНИЯ БЕГУЩИХ УПРУГИХ ВОЛН}}}, year = {{2021}}, } @article{27881, abstract = {{ZusammenfassungLehrkräftekooperation wird generell eine positive Bedeutung in Bezug auf Schul- und Unterrichtsentwicklung zugeschrieben. Dabei sind empirische Belege für eine positive Wirksamkeit nach wie vor kaum vorhanden, es gibt sogar Befunde zu ‚negativen‘ Konsequenzen von Lehrkräftekooperation. Um diese Widersprüchlichkeit zu klären, wurde in der vorliegenden Arbeit Kooperation nicht als Instrument bzw. als Technik betrachtet, sondern als soziale Praxis verstanden, in der eigenlogisches, kollektiv-implizites Wissen (re)produziert wird (Community of Practice). Parallel dazu wurde ein praxeologisches Kompetenzverständnis (Praxiskompetenz) eingeführt, das wesentlich auf die Praxeologie Pierre Bourdieus zurückgeht und den Zusammenhang zwischen Lehrkräftekooperation als Community of Practice und kollektiv strukturierter, individueller Kompetenz theoretisch verdeutlicht. Die empirischen Befunde, welche mittels der Dokumentarischen Methode generiert wurden, verweisen auf die Bedeutung unterschiedlicher Relationslogiken (Nicht-Passung, Entfaltung, Herausforderung) für das ‚Lernen‘ von oder innerhalb von Praxiskompetenz(en) und damit auch auf die Wichtigkeit einer grundlegend kollektiv gerahmten Perspektive auf Lehrkräftekooperation. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist ein allzu positiver Blick auf Lehrkräftekooperationsprozesse kritisch zu betrachten.}}, author = {{Bloh, Thiemo}}, issn = {{2190-6890}}, journal = {{Zeitschrift für Bildungsforschung}}, title = {{{Entwicklung von Praxiskompetenz durch Kooperationsprozesse von Lehrkräften}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s35834-021-00328-0}}, year = {{2021}}, } @article{21065, abstract = {{The machine recognition of speech spoken at a distance from the microphones, known as far-field automatic speech recognition (ASR), has received a significant increase of attention in science and industry, which caused or was caused by an equally significant improvement in recognition accuracy. Meanwhile it has entered the consumer market with digital home assistants with a spoken language interface being its most prominent application. Speech recorded at a distance is affected by various acoustic distortions and, consequently, quite different processing pipelines have emerged compared to ASR for close-talk speech. A signal enhancement front-end for dereverberation, source separation and acoustic beamforming is employed to clean up the speech, and the back-end ASR engine is robustified by multi-condition training and adaptation. We will also describe the so-called end-to-end approach to ASR, which is a new promising architecture that has recently been extended to the far-field scenario. This tutorial article gives an account of the algorithms used to enable accurate speech recognition from a distance, and it will be seen that, although deep learning has a significant share in the technological breakthroughs, a clever combination with traditional signal processing can lead to surprisingly effective solutions.}}, author = {{Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold and Heymann, Jahn and Drude, Lukas and Watanabe, Shinji and Delcroix, Marc and Nakatani, Tomohiro}}, journal = {{Proceedings of the IEEE}}, number = {{2}}, pages = {{124--148}}, title = {{{Far-Field Automatic Speech Recognition}}}, doi = {{10.1109/JPROC.2020.3018668}}, volume = {{109}}, year = {{2021}}, } @inproceedings{21204, author = {{Kucklick, Jan-Peter and Müller, Oliver}}, booktitle = {{ The AAAI-21 Workshop on Knowledge Discovery from Unstructured Data in Financial Services}}, title = {{{A Comparison of Multi-View Learning Strategies for Satellite Image-based Real Estate Appraisal}}}, year = {{2021}}, } @article{21337, abstract = {{We present a flexible trust region descend algorithm for unconstrained and convexly constrained multiobjective optimization problems. It is targeted at heterogeneous and expensive problems, i.e., problems that have at least one objective function that is computationally expensive. The method is derivative-free in the sense that neither need derivative information be available for the expensive objectives nor are gradients approximated using repeated function evaluations as is the case in finite-difference methods. Instead, a multiobjective trust region approach is used that works similarly to its well-known scalar pendants. Local surrogate models constructed from evaluation data of the true objective functions are employed to compute possible descent directions. In contrast to existing multiobjective trust region algorithms, these surrogates are not polynomial but carefully constructed radial basis function networks. This has the important advantage that the number of data points scales linearly with the parameter space dimension. The local models qualify as fully linear and the corresponding general scalar framework is adapted for problems with multiple objectives. Convergence to Pareto critical points is proven and numerical examples illustrate our findings.}}, author = {{Berkemeier, Manuel Bastian and Peitz, Sebastian}}, issn = {{2297-8747}}, journal = {{Mathematical and Computational Applications}}, number = {{2}}, title = {{{Derivative-Free Multiobjective Trust Region Descent Method Using Radial Basis Function Surrogate Models}}}, doi = {{10.3390/mca26020031}}, volume = {{26}}, year = {{2021}}, } @article{21475, author = {{Frese, Daniel and Wei, Qunshuo and Wang, Yongtian and Cinchetti, Mirko and Huang, Lingling and Zentgraf, Thomas}}, issn = {{2330-4022}}, journal = {{ACS Photonics}}, number = {{4}}, pages = {{1013--1019}}, title = {{{Nonlinear Bicolor Holography Using Plasmonic Metasurfaces}}}, doi = {{10.1021/acsphotonics.1c00028}}, volume = {{8}}, year = {{2021}}, } @inproceedings{21543, abstract = {{Services often consist of multiple chained components such as microservices in a service mesh, or machine learning functions in a pipeline. Providing these services requires online coordination including scaling the service, placing instance of all components in the network, scheduling traffic to these instances, and routing traffic through the network. Optimized service coordination is still a hard problem due to many influencing factors such as rapidly arriving user demands and limited node and link capacity. Existing approaches to solve the problem are often built on rigid models and assumptions, tailored to specific scenarios. If the scenario changes and the assumptions no longer hold, they easily break and require manual adjustments by experts. Novel self-learning approaches using deep reinforcement learning (DRL) are promising but still have limitations as they only address simplified versions of the problem and are typically centralized and thus do not scale to practical large-scale networks. To address these issues, we propose a distributed self-learning service coordination approach using DRL. After centralized training, we deploy a distributed DRL agent at each node in the network, making fast coordination decisions locally in parallel with the other nodes. Each agent only observes its direct neighbors and does not need global knowledge. Hence, our approach scales independently from the size of the network. In our extensive evaluation using real-world network topologies and traffic traces, we show that our proposed approach outperforms a state-of-the-art conventional heuristic as well as a centralized DRL approach (60% higher throughput on average) while requiring less time per online decision (1 ms).}}, author = {{Schneider, Stefan Balthasar and Qarawlus, Haydar and Karl, Holger}}, booktitle = {{IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)}}, keywords = {{network management, service management, coordination, reinforcement learning, distributed}}, location = {{Washington, DC, USA}}, publisher = {{IEEE}}, title = {{{Distributed Online Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning}}}, year = {{2021}}, } @techreport{21569, abstract = {{Die kontinuierliche Weiterentwicklung des eigenen Geschäftsmodells ist für eine Organisation von entscheidender Bedeutung, um wettbewerbsfähig und somit nachhaltig erfolgreich zu bleiben. Während für die Entwicklung neuer Geschäftsmodelle häufig Workshops und einfache Software-Tools zur Visualisierung genutzt werden, wurden in der Forschung bereits erste Ansätze von datengetriebener Geschäftsmodellentwicklung (GME) vorgestellt. Diese Ansätze nutzen dabei Daten, Informationen oder auch Wissen aus internen und externen Unternehmensquellen, um den GME-Prozess zu unterstützen. Innerhalb dieses Beitrags zeigen wir einige Ansätze aus der aktuellen Literatur und analysieren wie ihre Datennutzung den GME-Prozess unterstützt. Weiterhin stellen wir mit dem BMDL Feature Modeler ein Tool vor, welches den GME-Prozess mit Expertenwissen unterstützt.}}, author = {{Gottschalk, Sebastian and Yigitbas, Enes}}, publisher = {{Gesellschaft für Informatik}}, title = {{{Von datenbasierter zu datengetriebener Geschäftsmodellentwicklung: Ein Überblick über Software-Tools und deren Datennutzung}}}, volume = {{1}}, year = {{2021}}, }