@inproceedings{55911, abstract = {{According to the Entropy Rate Constancy (ERC) principle, the information density of a text is approximately constant over its length. Whether this principle also applies to nonverbal communication signals is still under investigation. We perform empirical analyses of video-recorded dialogue data and investigate whether listener gaze, as an important nonverbal communication signal, adheres to the ERC principle. Results show (1) that the ERC principle holds for listener gaze; and (2) that the two linguistic factors syntactic complexity and turn transition potential are weakly correlated with local entropy of listener gaze.}}, author = {{Wang, Yu and Xu, Yang and Skantze, Gabriel and Buschmeier, Hendrik}}, booktitle = {{Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics ACL 2024}}, location = {{Bangkok, Thailand}}, pages = {{3533–3545}}, title = {{{How much does nonverbal communication conform to entropy rate constancy?: A case study on listener gaze in interaction}}}, year = {{2024}}, } @inproceedings{58722, abstract = {{Dialects introduce syntactic and lexical variations in language that occur in regional or social groups. Most NLP methods are not sensitive to such variations. This may lead to unfair behavior of the methods, conveying negative bias towards dialect speakers. While previous work has studied dialect-related fairness for aspects like hate speech, other aspects of biased language, such as lewdness, remain fully unexplored. To fill this gap, we investigate performance disparities between dialects in the detection of five aspects of biased language and how to mitigate them. To alleviate bias, we present a multitask learning approach that models dialect language as an auxiliary task to incorporate syntactic and lexical variations. In our experiments with African-American English dialect, we provide empirical evidence that complementing common learning approaches with dialect modeling improves their fairness. Furthermore, the results suggest that multitask learning achieves state-of-the-art performance and helps to detect properties of biased language more reliably.}}, author = {{Spliethöver, Maximilian and Menon, Sai Nikhil and Wachsmuth, Henning}}, booktitle = {{Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2024}}, editor = {{Ku, Lun-Wei and Martins, Andre and Srikumar, Vivek}}, pages = {{9294–9313}}, publisher = {{Association for Computational Linguistics}}, title = {{{Disentangling Dialect from Social Bias via Multitask Learning to Improve Fairness}}}, doi = {{10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.553}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{55394, abstract = {{Nowadays we deal with robots and AI more and more in our everyday life. However, their behavior is not always apparent to most lay users, especially in error situations. This can lead to misconceptions about the behavior of the technologies being used. This in turn can lead to misuse and rejection by users. Explanation, for example through transparency, can address these misconceptions. However, explaining the entire software or hardware would be confusing and overwhelming for users. Therefore, this paper focuses on the ‘enabling’ architecture. It describes those aspects of a robotic system that may need to be explained to enable someone to use the technology effectively. Furthermore, this paper deals with the ‘explanandum’, i.e. the corresponding misunderstandings or missing concepts of the enabling architecture that need to be clarified. Thus, we have developed and are presenting an approach to determine the ‘enabling’ architecture and the resulting ‘explanandum’ of complex technologies.}}, author = {{Beierling, Helen and Richter, Phillip and Brandt, Mara and Terfloth, Lutz and Schulte, Carsten and Wersing, Heiko and Vollmer, Anna-Lisa}}, journal = {{Cognitive Systems Research}}, keywords = {{Robotics HRI Explainability Didactics Didactic reconstruction}}, publisher = {{Elsevier}}, title = {{{What you need to know about a learning robot: Identifying the enabling architecture of complex systems}}}, volume = {{88}}, year = {{2024}}, } @misc{55398, abstract = {{This position paper calls for an increase in the number and flexibility of input mechanisms in user-robot in- teractions, highlighting their potential to enhance learning algo- rithms through user feedback. Moreover, we argue that refining interfaces, interactions, and systems is crucial for the optimal integration of mechanisms into learning processes. Our call to research involves the development of interfaces that enable flexible mechanisms, and the mechanisms interactions can benefit most from, and the algorithmic incorporation of user input. This aims to advance the adaptability and responsiveness of robotic systems in human-centric environments}}, author = {{Beierling, Helen and Loos, Kira and Helmert, Robin and Vollmer, Anna-Lisa}}, publisher = {{Proc. Mech. Mapping Hum. Input Robots Robot Learn. Shared Control/Autonomy-Workshop RSS}}, title = {{{Advancing Human-Robot Collaboration: The Impact of Flexible Input Mechanisms}}}, year = {{2024}}, } @inproceedings{61417, author = {{Robrecht, Amelie and Buhl, Heike M. and Kopp, Stefan}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 28th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue }}, title = {{{Inferring Partner Models for Adaptive Explanation Generation}}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{61824, author = {{Butzhammer, Lorenz and Hausotte, Tino}}, issn = {{2196-7113}}, journal = {{tm - Technisches Messen}}, number = {{s1}}, pages = {{2--7}}, publisher = {{Walter de Gruyter GmbH}}, title = {{{Task-specific scan trajectory modification for dimensional X-ray computed Tomography with high throughput}}}, doi = {{10.1515/teme-2024-0044}}, volume = {{91}}, year = {{2024}}, } @inproceedings{56840, author = {{Schmitt, Martin}}, keywords = {{Digitalisierung, Digitalgeschichte, Umweltgeschichte, Anthropozän, Computer, Rechenzentrum, Digital History}}, title = {{{Digitalisierung und Umwelt – eine verflochtene Digitalgeschichte der Gegenwart im Angesicht des Klimawandels}}}, year = {{2024}}, } @inbook{52511, abstract = {{Sind „soziale Medien“ überhaupt ein Thema für die Geschichtswissenschaft? Ja, denn die längere Geschichte der Digitalisierung, in der die „sozialen Medien“ einzuordnen sind, zählt bereits über 80 Jahre. Konrad Zuse und andere Ingenieure entwickelten seit 1941 die ersten Digitalcomputer, Unternehmer*innen, Wissenschaftler*innen und Staatenlenker*innen setzten diese seit den 1950er Jahren für ihre Zwecke ein, die Zivilgesellschaft adaptierte sie in den darauffolgenden Dekaden – all das prägte die sozio-digitale Landschaft der späteren „sozialen Medien“. Als unmittelbar „nach dem Boom“ etwa um 1970 zahlreiche Industriegesellschaften einen strukturellen Wandel in Wirtschaft, Gesellschaft und Politik durchlebten, war eine Antwort darauf die vermehrte Digitalisierung und Vernetzung. Daraus entwickelte sich die 1990er Jahre als markante Dekade von World Wide Web, Google und Chatdiensten. Die Entwicklung der „sozialen Medien“ ist also unter anderem in eine ökonomische und gesellschaftliche Entwicklung der Aufmerksamkeitsökonomie und in die längeren Veränderungen von Wirtschafts- und Gesellschaftsordnungen der Ausdifferenzierung und partiellen Individualisierung seit den 1960er Jahren einzuordnen. Dadurch lässt sich besser verstehen, welche Prämissen ihnen zugrunde lagen, welche Möglichkeitsräume und Probleme sich daraus ergaben und warum sie die heutige Öffentlichkeit in einer bestimmten Art und Weise dominieren – ohne sie jedoch zu determinieren.}}, author = {{Schmitt, Martin}}, booktitle = {{Soziale Medien – wie sie wurden, was sie sind }}, keywords = {{Digitalgeschichte, Soziale Medien, Technikgeschichte, World Wide Web, Digitalisierung}}, publisher = {{Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung}}, title = {{{Die Vorgeschichte der „sozialen Medien“. Über die Träume digitaler Vergemeinschaftung und freier Kommunikation}}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{62025, abstract = {{ABSTRACTThis paper deals with micromagnetic measurements for online detection of strain‐induced α′‐martensite during plastic deformation of metastable austenitic steel AISI 304L. The operating principles of the sensors are magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) and eddy currents (EC), which are suitable for detection of microstructure evolution due to formation of ferromagnetic phases. The focus of this study was put on the qualification of different micromagnetic techniques and different measurement systems under conditions similar to the real ones during production, which is crucial for implementation of a property‐controlled flow forming process. The investigation was carried out on tubular specimens produced by flow forming, which have different content of α′‐martensite. To characterize the sensitivity of the sensors, different contact conditions between sensors and workpieces were reproduced. MBN sensors are suitable for detecting amount of α′‐martensite, but the measurements are affected by the surface roughness. This entails that the calibration models for MBN sensors must take account of these effects. EC sensors show a closer match with the amount of α′‐martensite without having major affectation by other effects.}}, author = {{Rozo Vasquez, Julian and Kanagarajah, Hanigah and Arian, Bahman and Kersting, Lukas and Homberg, Werner and Trächtler, Ansgar and Walther, Frank}}, issn = {{2577-8196}}, journal = {{Engineering Reports}}, number = {{1}}, publisher = {{Wiley}}, title = {{{Barkhausen Noise‐ and Eddy Current‐Based Measurements for Online Detection of Deformation‐Induced Martensite During Flow Forming of Metastable Austenitic Steel AISI 304L}}}, doi = {{10.1002/eng2.13070}}, volume = {{7}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{62053, abstract = {{ABSTRACTThis paper deals with micromagnetic measurements for online detection of strain‐induced α′‐martensite during plastic deformation of metastable austenitic steel AISI 304L. The operating principles of the sensors are magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) and eddy currents (EC), which are suitable for detection of microstructure evolution due to formation of ferromagnetic phases. The focus of this study was put on the qualification of different micromagnetic techniques and different measurement systems under conditions similar to the real ones during production, which is crucial for implementation of a property‐controlled flow forming process. The investigation was carried out on tubular specimens produced by flow forming, which have different content of α′‐martensite. To characterize the sensitivity of the sensors, different contact conditions between sensors and workpieces were reproduced. MBN sensors are suitable for detecting amount of α′‐martensite, but the measurements are affected by the surface roughness. This entails that the calibration models for MBN sensors must take account of these effects. EC sensors show a closer match with the amount of α′‐martensite without having major affectation by other effects.}}, author = {{Rozo Vasquez, Julian and Kanagarajah, Hanigah and Arian, Bahman and Kersting, Lukas and Homberg, Werner and Trächtler, Ansgar and Walther, Frank}}, issn = {{2577-8196}}, journal = {{Engineering Reports}}, number = {{1}}, publisher = {{Wiley}}, title = {{{Barkhausen Noise‐ and Eddy Current‐Based Measurements for Online Detection of Deformation‐Induced Martensite During Flow Forming of Metastable Austenitic Steel AISI 304L}}}, doi = {{10.1002/eng2.13070}}, volume = {{7}}, year = {{2024}}, } @inbook{62067, abstract = {{Most FPGA boards in the HPC domain are well-suited for parallel scaling because of the direct integration of versatile and high-throughput network ports. However, the utilization of their network capabilities is often challenging and error-prone because the whole network stack and communication patterns have to be implemented and managed on the FPGAs. Also, this approach conceptually involves a trade-off between the performance potential of improved communication and the impact of resource consumption for communication infrastructure, since the utilized resources on the FPGAs could otherwise be used for computations. In this work, we investigate this trade-off, firstly, by using synthetic benchmarks to evaluate the different configuration options of the communication framework ACCL and their impact on communication latency and throughput. Finally, we use our findings to implement a shallow water simulation whose scalability heavily depends on low-latency communication. With a suitable configuration of ACCL, good scaling behavior can be shown to all 48 FPGAs installed in the system. Overall, the results show that the availability of inter-FPGA communication frameworks as well as the configurability of framework and network stack are crucial to achieve the best application performance with low latency communication.}}, author = {{Meyer, Marius and Kenter, Tobias and Petrica, Lucian and O’Brien, Kenneth and Blott, Michaela and Plessl, Christian}}, booktitle = {{Lecture Notes in Computer Science}}, isbn = {{9783031697654}}, issn = {{0302-9743}}, publisher = {{Springer Nature Switzerland}}, title = {{{Optimizing Communication for Latency Sensitive HPC Applications on up to 48 FPGAs Using ACCL}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-031-69766-1_9}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{56604, abstract = {{This manuscript makes the claim of having computed the 9th Dedekind number, D(9). This was done by accelerating the core operation of the process with an efficient FPGA design that outperforms an optimized 64-core CPU reference by 95x. The FPGA execution was parallelized on the Noctua 2 supercomputer at Paderborn University. The resulting value for D(9) is 286386577668298411128469151667598498812366. This value can be verified in two steps. We have made the data file containing the 490 M results available, each of which can be verified separately on CPU, and the whole file sums to our proposed value. The paper explains the mathematical approach in the first part, before putting the focus on a deep dive into the FPGA accelerator implementation followed by a performance analysis. The FPGA implementation was done in Register-Transfer Level using a dual-clock architecture and shows how we achieved an impressive FMax of 450 MHz on the targeted Stratix 10 GX 2,800 FPGAs. The total compute time used was 47,000 FPGA hours.}}, author = {{Van Hirtum, Lennart and De Causmaecker, Patrick and Goemaere, Jens and Kenter, Tobias and Riebler, Heinrich and Lass, Michael and Plessl, Christian}}, issn = {{1936-7406}}, journal = {{ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems}}, number = {{3}}, pages = {{1--28}}, publisher = {{Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)}}, title = {{{A Computation of the Ninth Dedekind Number Using FPGA Supercomputing}}}, doi = {{10.1145/3674147}}, volume = {{17}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{54690, abstract = {{In basketball, an attacking player often plays a pass to one side while looking to the other side. This head fake provokes a conflict in the observing opponent, as the processing of the head orientation interferes with the processing of the pass direction. Accordingly, responses to passes with head fakes are slower and result in more errors than responses to passes without head fakes (head-fake effect). The head-fake effect and structurally similar interference effects (e.g., Stroop effect) are modulated by the frequency of conflicting trials. Previous studies mostly applied a block-wise manipulation of proportion congruency. However, in basketball (and also in other team sports), where different individual opponents can be encountered, it might be important to take the individual frequency (e.g., 20% vs. 80%) of these opponents into account. Therefore, the present study investigates the possibility to quickly (i.e., on a trial-by-trial basis) reconfigure the response behavior to different proportions of incongruent trials, which are contingent on different basketball players. Results point out that participants indeed adapted to the fake-frequency of different basketball players, which could be the result of strategic adaptation processes. Multi-level analyses, however, indicate that a substantial portion of the player-specific adaptation to fake frequencies is accounted by episodic retrieval processes, suggesting that item-specific proportion congruency effects can be explained in terms of stimulus-response binding and retrieval: The head orientation (e.g., to the right) of a current stimulus retrieves the last episode with the same head orientation including the response that was part of this last episode. Thus, from a theoretical perspective, an attacking player would provoke the strongest detrimental effect on an opponent if s/he repeats the same head movement but changes the direction of the pass. Whether it is at all possible to strategically apply this recommendation in practice needs still to be answered.}}, author = {{Güldenpenning, Iris and Böer, Nils Tobias and Kunde, Wilfried and Giesen, Carina G. and Rothermund, Klaus and Weigelt, Matthias}}, journal = {{Psychological Research}}, pages = {{1702--1711}}, title = {{{Context-specific adaptation for head fakes in basketball: a study on player-specific fake-frequency schedules}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s00426-024-01977-2}}, volume = {{88}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{57311, author = {{Yang, Keke and Sowada, Matthias and Olfert, Viktoria and Seitz, Georg and Schreiber, Vincent and Heitmann, Marcel and Hein, David and Biegler, Max and Jüttner, Sven and Rethmeier, Michael and Meschut, Gerson}}, issn = {{2238-7854}}, journal = {{Journal of Materials Research and Technology}}, publisher = {{Elsevier BV}}, title = {{{Influence of liquid metal embrittlement on the failure behavior of dissimilar spot welds with advanced high-strength steel: A component study}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.11.166}}, year = {{2024}}, } @inproceedings{56670, abstract = {{Systems Engineering is becoming increasingly important in the engineering of complex technical systems. Its introduction is forcing companies to undertake major transformation initiatives. As established change management approaches show, the corporate culture is an important key criterion for success of transformation. Therefore, when introducing Systems Engineering into an organization, transformation initiatives must be tailored to an existing corporate culture or the corporate culture itself must be changed in order to enable Systems Engineering. In literature and in industrial practice, different approaches for assessment of corporate culture exist. Within this research, a systematic literature review on methods and models for corporate culture assessment is conducted. Core elements are collected and combined with the fundamentals and success factors of Systems Engineering to develop a model for corporate culture assessment. The developed model is applied to the industrial practice of an ongoing Systems Engineering transformation of a large car manufacturer. The results of the assessment are compared with the emerging project challenges. Based on this model and its supporting tool and templates, organizations and transformation leaders are enabled to rapidly obtain an orientation of hindering or supporting currently established cultural aspects with regard to Systems Engineering transformation and to provide a decision basis for further measures.}}, author = {{Graessler, Iris and Grewe, Benedikt}}, booktitle = {{AHFE International}}, issn = {{2771-0718}}, publisher = {{AHFE International}}, title = {{{Importance of cultural change in Systems Engineering Transformation: A model for cultural assessment}}}, doi = {{10.54941/ahfe1005551}}, volume = {{158}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{60849, author = {{Brachtendorf, Charlotte}}, journal = {{Annali. Sezione germanica}}, pages = {{221--246}}, title = {{{Zwischen Ästhetik und Funktion. Begriffstheoretische Perspektiven auf digitale Mode}}}, volume = {{34}}, year = {{2024}}, } @misc{51624, author = {{Staffel, Florian}}, booktitle = {{Sehepunkte}}, number = {{2}}, title = {{{Christian Marx: Wegbereiter der Globalisierung. Multinationale Unternehmen der westeuropäischen Chemieindustrie in der Zeit nach dem Boom (1960er-2000er Jahre) (= Nach dem Boom), Göttingen 2023.}}}, volume = {{24}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{55999, abstract = {{Clean hydrogen is a key aspect of carbon neutrality, necessitating robust methods for monitoring hydrogen concentration in critical infrastructures like pipelines or power plants. While semiconducting metal oxides such as In2O3 can monitor gas concentrations down to the ppm range, they often exhibit cross-sensitivity to other gases like H2O. In this study, we investigated whether cyclic optical illumination of a gas-sensitive In2O3 layer creates identifiable changes in a gas sensor´s electronic resistance that can be linked to H2 and H2O concentrations via machine learning. We exposed nanostructured In2O3 with a large surface area of 95 m2 g-1 to H2 concentrations (0-800 ppm) and relative humidity (0-70%) under cyclic activation utilizing blue light. The sensors were tested for 20 classes of gas combinations. A support vector machine achieved classification rates up to 92.0%, with reliable reproducibility (88.2 ± 2.7%) across five individual sensors using 10-fold cross-validation. Our findings suggest that cyclic optical activation can be used as a tool to classify H2 and H2O concentrations.}}, author = {{Baier, Dominik and Krüger, Alexander and Wagner, Thorsten and Tiemann, Michael and Weinberger, Christian}}, issn = {{2227-9040}}, journal = {{Chemosensors}}, keywords = {{resistive gas sensor, chemiresistor, semiconductor, metal oxide, In2O3, mesoporous, hydrogen, humidtiy, machine learning, sustainable}}, number = {{9}}, pages = {{178}}, publisher = {{MDPI}}, title = {{{Gas Sensing with Nanoporous In2O3 under Cyclic Optical Activation: Machine Learning-Aided Classification of H2 and H2O}}}, doi = {{10.3390/chemosensors12090178}}, volume = {{12}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{56020, abstract = {{Hass im Netz ist nicht nur ein Problem, sondern ermöglicht es einer bürgerlichen Position, hegemoniale Ansprüche zu bekräftigen und zu legitimieren. Der Text geht somit dem nach, was im Gegensatz zum abzulehnenden Diskurs als ‚gut‘ gezeichnet wird. In diesem Gegensatz steht die bürgerliche Welt des Etablierten/Status quo als Ort, in dem der ‚gute‘ Diskurs bereits erfüllt ist. Sie dient sich somit als Standard und Vorbild für die sozialen Medien an und kann dabei gesellschaftliche Kräfte mobilisieren, indem sie sich als bedroht und schützenswert darstellt.}}, author = {{Althoff, Sebastian}}, journal = {{merzWissenschaft}}, number = {{6}}, pages = {{113--125}}, title = {{{Hass im Netz und die Konstruktion des 'guten' Diskurses: Eine machtkritische Analyse}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.21240/merz/2024.6.10}}, volume = {{68}}, year = {{2024}}, } @inbook{57767, author = {{Pollmeier, Pascal and Stroop, Dietlinde and Fechner, Sabine}}, booktitle = {{Lehrkräftebildung in der digitalen Welt - Zukunftsorientierte Forschungs- und Praxisperspektiven}}, editor = {{Herzig, Bardo and Eickelmann, Birgit and Schwabl, Franszika and Schulze, Johanna and Niemann, Jan}}, pages = {{53--64}}, publisher = {{Waxmann}}, title = {{{Digitale Messwerterfassung im Chemieunterricht}}}, year = {{2024}}, }