TY - CONF
AU - Graf-Schlattmann, Marcel
AU - Meister, Dorothee M.
AU - Oevel, Gudrun
AU - Wilde, Melanie
ID - 17329
T2 - Hochschulforum Digitalisierung (2019). Strategies Beyond Borders – Transforming Higher Education in a Digital Age. Book of Abstracts
TI - Success Factors for the Consolidation and Anchoring of Digitalisation Projects
ER -
TY - CHAP
AU - Graf-Schlattmann, Marcel
AU - Meister, Dorothee M.
AU - Oevel, Gudrun
AU - Wilde, Melanie
ED - Hafer, J.
ID - 17330
T2 - Teilhabe an Bildung und Wissenschaft
TI - Digitalisierungsstrategien auf dem Prüfstand – eine empirische Untersuchung auf Basis der Grounded-Theory-Methodologie an deutschen Hochschulen
VL - 75
ER -
TY - GEN
AU - Oevel, Gudrun
ID - 17332
TI - Stellungnahme der DFG-Kommission zur Evaluierung des Förderprogramms „Fachinformationsdienste für die Wissenschaft“
ER -
TY - CONF
AU - Reinhold, Jannik
AU - Frank, Maximilian
AU - Koldewey, Christian
AU - Dumitrescu, Roman
AU - Gausemeier, Jürgen
ID - 18874
T2 - Proceedings of the ISPIM Connects Ottawa – Innovation for Local and Global Impact
TI - Competence-based Planning of Value Networks for Smart Services
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - We present a multi-channel database of overlapping speech for training, evaluation, and detailed analysis of source separation and extraction algorithms: SMS-WSJ -- Spatialized Multi-Speaker Wall Street Journal. It consists of artificially mixed speech taken from the WSJ database, but unlike earlier databases we consider all WSJ0+1 utterances and take care of strictly separating the speaker sets present in the training, validation and test sets. When spatializing the data we ensure a high degree of randomness w.r.t. room size, array center and rotation, as well as speaker position. Furthermore, this paper offers a critical assessment of recently proposed measures of source separation performance. Alongside the code to generate the database we provide a source separation baseline and a Kaldi recipe with competitive word error rates to provide common ground for evaluation.
AU - Drude, Lukas
AU - Heitkaemper, Jens
AU - Boeddeker, Christoph
AU - Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
ID - 19446
JF - ArXiv e-prints
TI - SMS-WSJ: Database, performance measures, and baseline recipe for multi-channel source separation and recognition
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - Wenn akustische Signalverarbeitung mit automatisiertem Lernen verknüpft wird: Nachrichtentechniker arbeiten mit mehreren Mikrofonen und tiefen neuronalen Netzen an besserer Spracherkennung unter widrigsten Bedingungen. Von solchen Sensornetzwerken könnten langfristig auch digitale Sprachassistenten profitieren.
AU - Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
ID - 19449
JF - DFG forschung 1/2019
TI - Lektionen für Alexa und Co?!
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - As 5G and network function virtualization (NFV) are maturing, it becomes crucial to demonstrate their feasibility and benefits by means of vertical scenarios. While 5GPPP has identified smart manufacturing as one of the most important vertical industries, there is still a lack of specific, practical use cases.
Using the experience from a large-scale manufacturing company, Weidm{\"u}ller Group, we present a detailed use case that reflects the needs of real-world manufacturers. We also propose an architecture with specific network services and virtual network functions (VNFs) that realize the use case in practice. As a proof of concept, we implement the required services and deploy them on an emulation-based prototyping platform. Our experimental results indicate that a fully virtualized smart manufacturing use case is not only feasible but also reduces machine interconnection and configuration time and thus improves productivity by orders of magnitude.
AU - Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
AU - Peuster, Manuel
AU - Behnke, Daniel
AU - Marcel, Müller
AU - Bök, Patrick-Benjamin
AU - Karl, Holger
ID - 9270
KW - 5g
KW - vertical
KW - smart manufacturing
KW - nfv
T2 - European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)
TI - Putting 5G into Production: Realizing a Smart Manufacturing Vertical Scenario
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - In the last years, store-oriented software ecosystems are gaining
more and more attention from a business perspective. In these ecosystems,
third-party developers upload extensions to a store which can be
downloaded by end users. While the functional scope of such ecosystems
is relatively similar, the underlying business models differ greatly in and
between their different product domains (e.g. Mobile Phone, Smart TV).
This variability, in turn, makes it challenging for store providers to
find a business model that fits their own needs.
To handle this variability, we introduce the Business Variability Model
(BVM) for modeling business model decisions. The basis of these decisions
is the analysis of 60 store-oriented software ecosystems in eight
different product domains. We map their business model decisions to the
Business Model Canvas, condense them to a variability model and discuss
particular variants and their dependencies. Our work provides store
providers a new approach for modeling business model decisions together
with insights of existing business models. This, in turn, supports them
in creating new and improving existing business models.
AU - Gottschalk, Sebastian
AU - Rittmeier, Florian
AU - Engels, Gregor
ED - Shishkov, Boris
ID - 9275
KW - Software Ecosystems
KW - Business Models
KW - Variabilities
T2 - Business Modeling and Software Design
TI - Business Models of Store-Oriented Software Ecosystems: A Variability Modeling Approach
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - The ongoing softwarization of networks creates a big need for automated testing solutions to ensure service quality. This becomes even more important if agile environments with short time to market and high demands, in terms of service performance and availability, are considered.
In this paper, we introduce a novel testing solution for virtualized, microservice-based network functions and services, which we base on TTCN-3, a well known testing language defined by the European standards institute (ETSI). We use TTCN-3 not only for functional testing but also answer the question whether TTCN-3 can be used for performance profiling tasks as well. Finally, we demonstrate the proposed concepts and solutions in a case study using our open-source prototype to test and profile a chained network service.
AU - Peuster, Manuel
AU - Dröge, Christian
AU - Boos, Clemens
AU - Karl, Holger
ID - 8113
JF - ICT Express
SN - 2405-9595
TI - Joint testing and profiling of microservice-based network services using TTCN-3
ER -
TY - GEN
AU - Bäumer, Frederik Simon
AU - Geierhos, Michaela
ID - 8312
KW - OTF Computing
KW - Natural Language Processing
KW - Requirements Engineering
T2 - encyclopedia.pub
TI - Requirements Engineering in OTF-Computing
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - In disaster operations management, a challenging task for rescue organizations occurs when they have to assign and schedule their rescue units to emerging incidents under time pressure in order to reduce the overall resulting harm. Of particular importance in practical scenarios is the need to consider collaboration of rescue units. This task has hardly been addressed in the literature. We contribute to both modeling and solving this problem by (1) conceptualizing the situation as a type of scheduling problem, (2) modeling it as a binary linear minimization problem, (3) suggesting a branch-and-price algorithm, which can serve as both an exact and heuristic solution procedure, and (4) conducting computational experiments - including a sensitivity analysis of the effects of exogenous model parameters on execution times and objective value improvements over a heuristic suggested in the literature - for different practical disaster scenarios. The results of our computational experiments show that most problem instances of practically feasible size can be solved to optimality within ten minutes. Furthermore, even when our algorithm is terminated once the first feasible solution has been found, this solution is in almost all cases competitive to the optimal solution and substantially better than the solution obtained by the best known algorithm from the literature. This performance of our branch-and-price algorithm enables rescue organizations to apply our procedure in practice, even when the time for decision making is limited to a few minutes. By addressing a very general type of scheduling problem, our approach applies to various scheduling situations.
AU - Rauchecker, Gerhard
AU - Schryen, Guido
ID - 5674
IS - 1
JF - European Journal of Operational Research
KW - OR in disaster relief
KW - disaster operations management
KW - scheduling
KW - branch-and-price
TI - An Exact Branch-and-Price Algorithm for Scheduling Rescue Units during Disaster Response
VL - 272
ER -
TY - CHAP
AU - Rittmeier, Florian
AU - Engels, Gregor
AU - Teetz, Alexander
ED - Daniel, Florian
ED - Sheng, Quan Z.
ED - Motahari, Hamid
ID - 7430
SN - 1865-1348
T2 - Business Process Management Workshops
TI - Process Weakness Patterns for the Identification of Digitalization Potentials in Business Processes
VL - 342
ER -
TY - CONF
AU - Heindorf, Stefan
AU - Scholten, Yan
AU - Engels, Gregor
AU - Potthast, Martin
ID - 7668
T2 - WWW
TI - Debiasing Vandalism Detection Models at Wikidata
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - The vision of On-the-Fly (OTF) Computing is to compose and provide software services ad hoc, based on requirement descriptions in natural language. Since non-technical users write their software requirements themselves and in unrestricted natural language, deficits occur such as inaccuracy and incompleteness. These deficits are usually met by natural language processing methods, which have to face special challenges in OTF Computing because maximum automation is the goal. In this paper, we present current automatic approaches for solving inaccuracies and incompletenesses in natural language requirement descriptions and elaborate open challenges. In particular, we will discuss the necessity of domain-specific resources and show why, despite far-reaching automation, an intelligent and guided integration of end users into the compensation process is required. In this context, we present our idea of a chat bot that integrates users into the compensation process depending on the given circumstances.
AU - Bäumer, Frederik Simon
AU - Kersting, Joschka
AU - Geierhos, Michaela
ID - 8424
IS - 1
JF - Computers
KW - Inaccuracy Detection
KW - Natural Language Software Requirements
KW - Chat Bot
SN - 2073-431X
TI - Natural Language Processing in OTF Computing: Challenges and the Need for Interactive Approaches
VL - 8
ER -
TY - GEN
AU - Seemann, Nina
AU - Merten, Marie-Luis
ED - Sahle, Patrick
ID - 8529
SN - 978-3-00-062166-6
T2 - DHd 2019 Digital Humanities: multimedial & multimodal. Konferenzabstracts
TI - UPB-Annotate: Ein maßgeschneidertes Toolkit für historische Texte
ER -
TY - GEN
AU - Bäumer, Frederik Simon
AU - Buff, Bianca
AU - Geierhos, Michaela
ED - Sahle, Patrick
ID - 8532
SN - 978-3-00-062166-6
T2 - DHd 2019 Digital Humanities: multimedial & multimodal. Konferenzabstracts
TI - Potentielle Privatsphäreverletzungen aufdecken und automatisiert sichtbar machen
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - 5G together with software defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualisation (NFV) will enable a wide variety of vertical use cases. One of them is the smart man- ufacturing case which utilises 5G networks to interconnect production machines, machine parks, and factory sites to enable new possibilities in terms of flexibility, automation, and novel applications (industry 4.0). However, the availability of realistic and practical proof-of-concepts for those smart manufacturing scenarios is still limited.
This demo fills this gap by not only showing a real-world smart manufacturing application entirely implemented using NFV concepts, but also a lightweight prototyping framework that simplifies the realisation of vertical NFV proof-of-concepts. Dur- ing the demo, we show how an NFV-based smart manufacturing scenario can be specified, on-boarded, and instantiated before we demonstrate how the presented NFV services simplify machine data collection, aggregation, and analysis.
AU - Peuster, Manuel
AU - Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
AU - Behnke, Daniel
AU - Müller, Marcel
AU - Bök, Patrick-Benjamin
AU - Karl, Holger
ID - 8792
T2 - 5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft 2019)
TI - Prototyping and Demonstrating 5G Verticals: The Smart Manufacturing Case
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - Softwarized networks are the key enabler for elastic, on-demand service deployments of virtualized network functions. They allow to dynamically steer traffic
through the network when new network functions are instantiated, or old ones
are terminated. These scenarios become in particular challenging when stateful functions are involved, necessitating state management solutions to migrate
state between the functions. The problem with existing solutions is that they typically embrace state migration and flow rerouting jointly, imposing a huge set
of requirements on the on-boarded virtualized network functions (VNFs), eg,
solution-specific state management interfaces.
To change this, we introduce the seamless handover protocol (SHarP). An
easy-to-use, loss-less, and order-preserving flow rerouting mechanism that is
not fixed to a single state management approach. Using SHarP, VNF vendors
are empowered to implement or use the state management solution of their
choice. SHarP supports these solutions with additional information when flows
are migrated. In this paper, we present SHarP's design, its open source prototype
implementation, and show how SHarP significantly reduces the buffer usage at
a central (SDN) controller, which is a typical bottleneck in state-of-the-art solutions. Our experiments show that SHarP uses a constant amount of controller
buffer, irrespective of the time taken to migrate the VNF state.
AU - Peuster, Manuel
AU - Küttner, Hannes
AU - Karl, Holger
ID - 8795
JF - International Journal of Network Management
SN - 1055-7148
TI - A flow handover protocol to support state migration in softwarized networks
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - Free from phase-matching constraints, plasmonic metasurfaces have contributed significantly to the control of optical nonlinearity and enhancement of nonlinear generation efficiency by engineering subwavelength meta-atoms. However, high dissipative losses and inevitable thermal heating limit their applicability in nonlinear nanophotonics. All-dielectric metasurfaces, supporting both electric and magnetic Mie-type resonances in their nanostructures, have appeared as a promising alternative to nonlinear plasmonics. High-index dielectric nanostructures, allowing additional magnetic resonances, can induce magnetic nonlinear effects, which, along with electric nonlinearities, increase the nonlinear conversion efficiency. In addition, low dissipative losses and high damage thresholds provide an extra degree of freedom for operating at high pump intensities, resulting in a considerable enhancement of the nonlinear processes. We discuss the current state of the art in the intensely developing area of all-dielectric nonlinear nanostructures and metasurfaces, including the role of Mie modes, Fano resonances, and anapole moments for harmonic generation, wave mixing, and ultrafast optical switching. Furthermore, we review the recent progress in the nonlinear phase and wavefront control using all-dielectric metasurfaces. We discuss techniques to realize all-dielectric metasurfaces for multifunctional applications and generation of second-order nonlinear processes from complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor-compatible materials.
AU - Sain, Basudeb
AU - Meier, Cedrik
AU - Zentgraf, Thomas
ID - 8797
IS - 2
JF - Advanced Photonics
SN - 2577-5421
TI - Nonlinear optics in all-dielectric nanoantennas and metasurfaces: a review
VL - 1
ER -
TY - JOUR
AU - Peuster, Manuel
AU - Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
AU - Zhao, Mengxuan
AU - Xilouris, George
AU - Trakadas, Panagiotis
AU - Vicens, Felipe
AU - Tavernier, Wouter
AU - Soenen, Thomas
AU - Vilalta, Ricard
AU - Andreou, George
AU - Kyriazis, Dimosthenis
AU - Karl, Holger
ID - 9824
JF - IEEE Communications Magazine
SN - 0163-6804
TI - Introducing Automated Verification and Validation for Virtualized Network Functions and Services
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - Scheduling problems are essential for decision making in many academic disciplines, including operations management, computer science, and information systems. Since many scheduling problems are NP-hard in the strong sense, there is only limited research on exact algorithms and how their efficiency scales when implemented on parallel computing architectures. We address this gap by (1) adapting an exact branch-and-price algorithm to a parallel machine scheduling problem on unrelated machines with sequence- and machine-dependent setup times, (2) parallelizing the adapted algorithm by implementing a distributed-memory parallelization with a master/worker approach, and (3) conducting extensive computational experiments using up to 960 MPI processes on a modern high performance computing cluster. With our experiments, we show that the efficiency of our parallelization approach can lead to superlinear speedup but can vary substantially between instances. We further show that the wall time of serial execution can be substantially reduced through our parallelization, in some cases from 94 hours to less than six minutes when our algorithm is executed on 960 processes.
AU - Rauchecker, Gerhard
AU - Schryen, Guido
ID - 6512
IS - 104
JF - Computers & Operations Research
KW - parallel machine scheduling with setup times
KW - parallel branch-and-price algorithm
KW - high performance computing
KW - master/worker parallelization
TI - Using High Performance Computing for Unrelated Parallel Machine Scheduling with Sequence-Dependent Setup Times: Development and Computational Evaluation of a Parallel Branch-and-Price Algorithm
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - Recommender Agents (RAs) facilitate consumers’ online purchase decisions for complex, multi-attribute products. As not all combinations of attribute levels can be obtained, users are forced into trade-offs. The exposure of trade-offs in a RA has been found to affect consumers’ perceptions. However, little is known about how different preference elicitation methods in RAs affect consumers by varying degrees of trade-off exposure. We propose a research model that investigates how different levels of trade-off exposure cognitively and affectively influence consumers’ satisfaction with RAs. We operationalize these levels in three different RA types and test our hypotheses in a laboratory experiment with 116 participants. Our results indicate that with increasing tradeoff exposure, perceived enjoyment and perceived control follow an inverted Ushaped relationship. Hence, RAs using preference elicitation methods with medium trade-off exposure yield highest consumer satisfaction. This contributes to the understanding of trade-offs in RAs and provides valuable implications to e-commerce practitioners.
AU - Schuhbeck, Veronika
AU - Siegfried, Nils
AU - Dorner, Verena
AU - Benlian, Alexander
AU - Scholz, Michael
AU - Schryen, Guido
ID - 6514
KW - Recommender Agents
KW - Preference Elicitation Method
KW - Trade-off Exposure
KW - Customer Satisfaction
T2 - Proceedings of the 14. Internationale Tagung Wirtschaftsinformatik
TI - Walking the Middle Path: How Medium Trade-off Exposure Leads to Higher Consumer Satisfaction in Recommender Agents
ER -
TY - CONF
AU - Afifi, Haitham
AU - Karl, Holger
ID - 6860
T2 - 2019 16th IEEE Annual Consumer Communications & Networking Conference (CCNC2019)
TI - Power Allocation with a Wireless Multi-cast Aware Routing for Virtual Network Embedding
ER -
TY - GEN
AB - In this work we describe our results achieved in the ProtestNews Lab at CLEF 2019. To tackle the problems of event sentence detection and event extraction we decided to use contextualized string embeddings. The models were trained on a data corpus collected from Indian news sources, but evaluated on data obtained from news sources from other countries as well, such as China. Our models have obtained competitive results and have scored 3rd in the event sentence detection task and 1st in the event extraction task based on average F1-scores for different test datasets.
AU - Skitalinskaya, Gabriella
AU - Klaff, Jonas
AU - Spliethöver, Maximilian
ID - 16847
TI - CLEF ProtestNews Lab 2019: Contextualized Word Embeddings for Event Sentence Detection and Event Extraction
VL - 2380
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - We present an unsupervised training approach for a neural network-based mask estimator in an acoustic beamforming application. The network is trained to maximize a likelihood criterion derived from a spatial mixture model of the observations. It is trained from scratch without requiring any parallel data consisting of degraded input and clean training targets. Thus, training can be carried out on real recordings of noisy speech rather than simulated ones. In contrast to previous work on unsupervised training of neural mask estimators, our approach avoids the need for a possibly pre-trained teacher model entirely. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by speech recognition experiments on two different datasets: one mainly deteriorated by noise (CHiME 4) and one by reverberation (REVERB). The results show that the performance of the proposed system is on par with a supervised system using oracle target masks for training and with a system trained using a model-based teacher.
AU - Drude, Lukas
AU - Heymann, Jahn
AU - Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
ID - 11965
T2 - INTERSPEECH 2019, Graz, Austria
TI - Unsupervised training of neural mask-based beamforming
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - We propose a training scheme to train neural network-based source separation algorithms from scratch when parallel clean data is unavailable. In particular, we demonstrate that an unsupervised spatial clustering algorithm is sufficient to guide the training of a deep clustering system. We argue that previous work on deep clustering requires strong supervision and elaborate on why this is a limitation. We demonstrate that (a) the single-channel deep clustering system trained according to the proposed scheme alone is able to achieve a similar performance as the multi-channel teacher in terms of word error rates and (b) initializing the spatial clustering approach with the deep clustering result yields a relative word error rate reduction of 26% over the unsupervised teacher.
AU - Drude, Lukas
AU - Hasenklever, Daniel
AU - Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
ID - 12874
T2 - ICASSP 2019, Brighton, UK
TI - Unsupervised Training of a Deep Clustering Model for Multichannel Blind Source Separation
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - Signal dereverberation using the Weighted Prediction Error (WPE) method has been proven to be an effective means to raise the accuracy of far-field speech recognition. First proposed as an iterative algorithm, follow-up works have reformulated it as a recursive least squares algorithm and therefore enabled its use in online applications. For this algorithm, the estimation of the power spectral density (PSD) of the anechoic signal plays an important role and strongly influences its performance. Recently, we showed that using a neural network PSD estimator leads to improved performance for online automatic speech recognition. This, however, comes at a price. To train the network, we require parallel data, i.e., utterances simultaneously available in clean and reverberated form. Here we propose to overcome this limitation by training the network jointly with the acoustic model of the speech recognizer. To be specific, the gradients computed from the cross-entropy loss between the target senone sequence and the acoustic model network output is backpropagated through the complex-valued dereverberation filter estimation to the neural network for PSD estimation. Evaluation on two databases demonstrates improved performance for on-line processing scenarios while imposing fewer requirements on the available training data and thus widening the range of applications.
AU - Heymann, Jahn
AU - Drude, Lukas
AU - Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
AU - Kinoshita, Keisuke
AU - Nakatani, Tomohiro
ID - 12875
T2 - ICASSP 2019, Brighton, UK
TI - Joint Optimization of Neural Network-based WPE Dereverberation and Acoustic Model for Robust Online ASR
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - In this paper, we present libDirectional, a MATLAB library for directional statistics and directional estimation. It supports a variety of commonly used distributions on the unit circle, such as the von Mises, wrapped normal, and wrapped Cauchy distributions. Furthermore, various distributions on higher-dimensional manifolds such as the unit hypersphere and the hypertorus are available. Based on these distributions, several recursive filtering algorithms in libDirectional allow estimation on these manifolds. The functionality is implemented in a clear, well-documented, and object-oriented structure that is both easy to use and easy to extend.
AU - Kurz, Gerhard
AU - Gilitschenski, Igor
AU - Pfaff, Florian
AU - Drude, Lukas
AU - Hanebeck, Uwe D.
AU - Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
AU - Siegwart, Roland Y.
ID - 12876
T2 - Journal of Statistical Software 89(4)
TI - Directional Statistics and Filtering Using libDirectional
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - One of the major challenges in implementing wireless virtualization is the resource discovery. This is particularly important for the embedding-algorithms that are used to distribute the tasks to nodes. MARVELO is a prototype framework for executing different distributed algorithms on the top of a wireless (802.11) ad-hoc network. The aim of MARVELO is to select the nodes for running the algorithms and to define the routing between the nodes. Hence, it also supports monitoring functionalities to collect information about the available resources and to assist in profiling the algorithms. The objective of this demo is to show how MAVRLEO distributes tasks in an ad-hoc network, based on a feedback from our monitoring tool. Additionally, we explain the work-flow, composition and execution of the framework.
AU - Afifi, Haitham
AU - Karl, Holger
AU - Eikenberg, Sebastian
AU - Mueller, Arnold
AU - Gansel, Lars
AU - Makejkin, Alexander
AU - Hannemann, Kai
AU - Schellenberg, Rafael
ID - 12882
KW - WSN
KW - virtualization
KW - VNE
T2 - 2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC) (IEEE WCNC 2019) (Demo)
TI - A Rapid Prototyping for Wireless Virtual Network Embedding using MARVELO
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - We formulate a generic framework for blind source separation (BSS), which allows integrating data-driven spectro-temporal methods, such as deep clustering and deep attractor networks, with physically motivated probabilistic spatial methods, such as complex angular central Gaussian mixture models. The integrated model exploits the complementary strengths of the two approaches to BSS: the strong modeling power of neural networks, which, however, is based on supervised learning, and the ease of unsupervised learning of the spatial mixture models whose few parameters can be estimated on as little as a single segment of a real mixture of speech. Experiments are carried out on both artificially mixed speech and true recordings of speech mixtures. The experiments verify that the integrated models consistently outperform the individual components. We further extend the models to cope with noisy, reverberant speech and introduce a cross-domain teacher–student training where the mixture model serves as the teacher to provide training targets for the student neural network.
AU - Drude, Lukas
AU - Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
ID - 12890
JF - IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing
TI - Integration of Neural Networks and Probabilistic Spatial Models for Acoustic Blind Source Separation
ER -
TY - JOUR
AU - Hammer, Manfred
AU - Ebers, Lena
AU - Förstner, Jens
ID - 12908
JF - Journal of the Optical Society of America B
KW - tet_topic_waveguides
SN - 0740-3224
TI - Oblique quasi-lossless excitation of a thin silicon slab waveguide: a guided-wave variant of an anti-reflection coating
VL - 36
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - More and more management and orchestration approaches for (software) networks are based on machine learning paradigms and solutions. These approaches depend not only on their program code to operate properly, but also require enough input data to train their internal models. However, such training data is barely available for the software networking domain and most presented solutions rely on their own, sometimes not even published, data sets. This makes it hard, or even infeasible, to reproduce and compare many of the existing solutions. As a result, it ultimately slows down the adoption of machine learning approaches in softwarised networks. To this end, we introduce the "softwarised network data zoo" (SNDZoo), an open collection of software networking data sets aiming to streamline and ease machine learning research in the software networking domain. We present a general methodology to collect, archive, and publish those data sets for use by other researches and, as an example, eight initial data sets, focusing on the performance of virtualised network functions.
AU - Peuster, Manuel
AU - Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
AU - Karl, Holger
ID - 15371
T2 - IEEE/IFIP 15th International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)
TI - The Softwarised Network Data Zoo
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - Offloading packet processing tasks to programmable switches and/or to programmable network interfaces, so called “SmartNICs”, is one of the key concepts to prepare softwarized networks for the high traffic demands of the future. However, implementing network functions that make use of those offload- ing technologies is still challenging and usually requires the availability of specialized hardware. It becomes even harder if heterogeneous services, making use of different offloading and network virtualization technologies, should be developed.
In this paper, we introduce FOP4 (Function Offloading Pro- totyping with P4), a novel prototyping platform that allows to prototype heterogeneous software network scenarios, including container-based, P4-switch-based, and SmartNIC-based network functions. The presented work substantially extends our existing Containernet platform with the means to prototype offloading scenarios. Besides presenting the platform’s system design, we evaluate its scalability and show that it can run scenarios with more than 64 P4 switch or SmartNIC nodes on a single laptop. Finally, we presented a case study in which we use the presented platform to prototype an extended in-band network telemetry use case.
AU - Moro, Daniele
AU - Peuster, Manuel
AU - Karl, Holger
AU - Capone, Antonio
ID - 15373
T2 - IEEE Conference on Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networks (NFV-SDN)
TI - FOP4: Function Offloading Prototyping in Heterogeneous and Programmable Network Scenarios
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - Emulation platforms supporting Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) allow developers to rapidly prototype network services. None of the available platforms, however, supports experimenting with programmable data planes to enable VNF offloading. In this demonstration, we show FOP4, a flexible platform that provides support for Docker-based VNFs, and VNF offloading, by means of P4-enabled switches. The platform provides interfaces to program the P4 devices and to deploy network functions. We demonstrate FOP4 with two complex example scenarios, demonstrating how developers can exploit data plane programmability to implement network functions.
AU - Moro, Daniele
AU - Peuster, Manuel
AU - Karl, Holger
AU - Capone, Antonio
ID - 15374
T2 - IEEE Conference on Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networks (NFV-SDN)
TI - Demonstrating FOP4: A Flexible Platform to Prototype NFV Offloading Scenarios
ER -
TY - JOUR
AU - Jochen Baumeister
ID - 15416
JF - Quick And Easy Journal Title
TI - New Quick And Easy Publication - Will be edited by LibreCat team
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - Connectionist temporal classification (CTC) is a sequence-level loss that has been successfully applied to train recurrent neural network (RNN) models for automatic speech recognition. However, one major weakness of CTC is the conditional independence assumption that makes it difficult for the model to learn label dependencies. In this paper, we propose stimulated CTC, which uses stimulated learning to help CTC models learn label dependencies implicitly by using an auxiliary RNN to generate the appropriate stimuli. This stimuli comes in the form of an additional stimulation loss term which encourages the model to learn said label dependencies. The auxiliary network is only used during training and the inference model has the same structure as a standard CTC model. The proposed stimulated CTC model achieves about 35% relative character error rate improvements on a synthetic gesture keyboard recognition task and over 30% relative word error rate improvements on the Librispeech automatic speech recognition tasks over a baseline model trained with CTC only.
AU - Heymann, Jahn
AU - Khe Chai Sim, Bo Li
ID - 15812
T2 - ICASSP 2019, Brighton, UK
TI - Improving CTC Using Stimulated Learning for Sequence Modeling
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - Despite the strong modeling power of neural network acoustic models, speech enhancement has been shown to deliver additional word error rate improvements if multi-channel data is available. However, there has been a longstanding debate whether enhancement should also be carried out on the ASR training data. In an extensive experimental evaluation on the acoustically very challenging CHiME-5 dinner party data we show that: (i) cleaning up the training data can lead to substantial error rate reductions, and (ii) enhancement in training is advisable as long as enhancement in test is at least as strong as in training. This approach stands in contrast and delivers larger gains than the common strategy reported in the literature to augment the training database with additional artificially degraded speech. Together with an acoustic model topology consisting of initial CNN layers followed by factorized TDNN layers we achieve with 41.6% and 43.2% WER on the DEV and EVAL test sets, respectively, a new single-system state-of-the-art result on the CHiME-5 data. This is a 8% relative improvement compared to the best word error rate published so far for a speech recognizer without system combination.
AU - Zorila, Catalin
AU - Boeddeker, Christoph
AU - Doddipatla, Rama
AU - Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
ID - 15816
T2 - ASRU 2019, Sentosa, Singapore
TI - An Investigation Into the Effectiveness of Enhancement in ASR Training and Test for Chime-5 Dinner Party Transcription
ER -
TY - CONF
AU - Müller, Jens
AU - Brinkmann, Marcus
AU - Poddebniak, Damian
AU - Böck, Hanno
AU - Schinzel, Sebastian
AU - Somorovsky, Juraj
AU - Schwenk, Jörg
ID - 15908
SN - 978-1-939133-06-9
T2 - 28th {USENIX} Security Symposium ({USENIX} Security 19)
TI - "Johnny, you are fired!" -- Spoofing OpenPGP and S/MIME Signatures in Emails
ER -
TY - CONF
AU - Merget, Robert
AU - Somorovsky, Juraj
AU - Aviram, Nimrod
AU - Young, Craig
AU - Fliegenschmidt, Janis
AU - Schwenk, Jörg
AU - Shavitt, Yuval
ID - 15909
SN - 978-1-939133-06-9
T2 - 28th {USENIX} Security Symposium ({USENIX} Security 19)
TI - Scalable Scanning and Automatic Classification of TLS Padding Oracle Vulnerabilities
ER -
TY - CONF
AU - Heindorf, Stefan
AU - Scholten, Yan
AU - Engels, Gregor
AU - Potthast, Martin
ID - 14568
T2 - INFORMATIK
TI - Debiasing Vandalism Detection Models at Wikidata (Extended Abstract)
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - Multi-talker speech and moving speakers still pose a significant challenge to automatic speech recognition systems. Assuming an enrollment utterance of the target speakeris available, the so-called SpeakerBeam concept has been recently proposed to extract the target speaker from a speech mixture. If multi-channel input is available, spatial properties of the speaker can be exploited to support the source extraction. In this contribution we investigate different approaches to exploit such spatial information. In particular, we are interested in the question, how useful this information is if the target speaker changes his/her position. To this end, we present a SpeakerBeam-based source extraction network that is adapted to work on moving speakers by recursively updating the beamformer coefficients. Experimental results are presented on two data sets, one with articially created room impulse responses, and one with real room impulse responses and noise recorded in a conference room. Interestingly, spatial features turn out to be advantageous even if the speaker position changes.
AU - Heitkaemper, Jens
AU - Feher, Thomas
AU - Freitag, Michael
AU - Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
ID - 14822
T2 - International Conference on Statistical Language and Speech Processing 2019, Ljubljana, Slovenia
TI - A Study on Online Source Extraction in the Presence of Changing Speaker Positions
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - This paper deals with multi-channel speech recognition in scenarios with multiple speakers. Recently, the spectral characteristics of a target speaker, extracted from an adaptation utterance, have been used to guide a neural network mask estimator to focus on that speaker. In this work we present two variants of speakeraware neural networks, which exploit both spectral and spatial information to allow better discrimination between target and interfering speakers. Thus, we introduce either a spatial preprocessing prior to the mask estimation or a spatial plus spectral speaker characterization block whose output is directly fed into the neural mask estimator. The target speaker’s spectral and spatial signature is extracted from an adaptation utterance recorded at the beginning of a session. We further adapt the architecture for low-latency processing by means of block-online beamforming that recursively updates the signal statistics. Experimental results show that the additional spatial information clearly improves source extraction, in particular in the same-gender case, and that our proposal achieves state-of-the-art performance in terms of distortion reduction and recognition accuracy.
AU - Martin-Donas, Juan M.
AU - Heitkaemper, Jens
AU - Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
AU - Gomez, Angel M.
AU - Peinado, Antonio M.
ID - 14824
T2 - INTERSPEECH 2019, Graz, Austria
TI - Multi-Channel Block-Online Source Extraction based on Utterance Adaptation
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - In this paper, we present Hitachi and Paderborn University’s joint effort for automatic speech recognition (ASR) in a dinner party scenario. The main challenges of ASR systems for dinner party recordings obtained by multiple microphone arrays are (1) heavy speech overlaps, (2) severe noise and reverberation, (3) very natural onversational content, and possibly (4) insufficient training data. As an example of a dinner party scenario, we have chosen the data presented during the CHiME-5 speech recognition challenge, where the baseline ASR had a 73.3% word error rate (WER), and even the best performing system at the CHiME-5 challenge had a 46.1% WER. We extensively investigated a combination of the guided source separation-based speech enhancement technique and an already proposed strong ASR backend and found that a tight combination of these techniques provided substantial accuracy improvements. Our final system achieved WERs of 39.94% and 41.64% for the development and evaluation data, respectively, both of which are the best published results for the dataset. We also investigated with additional training data on the official small data in the CHiME-5 corpus to assess the intrinsic difficulty of this ASR task.
AU - Kanda, Naoyuki
AU - Boeddeker, Christoph
AU - Heitkaemper, Jens
AU - Fujita, Yusuke
AU - Horiguchi, Shota
AU - Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
ID - 14826
T2 - INTERSPEECH 2019, Graz, Austria
TI - Guided Source Separation Meets a Strong ASR Backend: Hitachi/Paderborn University Joint Investigation for Dinner Party ASR
ER -
TY - GEN
AU - Mair, Christina
AU - Scheffler, Wolfram
AU - Senger, Isabell
AU - Sureth-Sloane, Caren
ID - 14902
TI - Analyse der Veränderung der zwischenstaatlichen Gewinnaufteilung bei Einführung einer standardisierten Gewinnverteilungsmethode am Beispiel des Einsatzes von 3D-Druckern
VL - 42
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - We investigate optical microresonators consisting of either one or two coupled rectangular strips between upper and lower slab waveguides. The cavities are evanescently excited under oblique angles by thin-film guided, in-plane unguided waves supported by one of the slab waveguides. Beyond a specific incidence angle, losses are fully suppressed. The interaction between the guided mode of the cavity-strip and the incoming slab modes leads to resonant behavior for specific incidence angles and gaps. For a single cavity, at resonance, the input power is equally split among each of the four output ports, while for two cavities an add-drop filter can be realized that, at resonance, routes the incoming power completely to the forward drop waveguide via the cavity. For both applications, the strength of the interaction is controlled by the gaps between cavities and waveguides.
AU - Ebers, Lena
AU - Hammer, Manfred
AU - Berkemeier, Manuel B.
AU - Menzel, Alexander
AU - Förstner, Jens
ID - 14990
JF - OSA Continuum
KW - tet_topic_waveguides
SN - 2578-7519
TI - Coupled microstrip-cavities under oblique incidence of semi-guided waves: a lossless integrated optical add-drop filter
VL - 2
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - Many problem settings in machine learning are concerned with the simultaneous prediction of multiple target variables of diverse type. Amongst others, such problem settings arise in multivariate regression, multi-label classification, multi-task learning, dyadic prediction, zero-shot learning, network inference, and matrix completion. These subfields of machine learning are typically studied in isolation, without highlighting or exploring important relationships. In this paper, we present a unifying view on what we call multi-target prediction (MTP) problems and methods. First, we formally discuss commonalities and differences between existing MTP problems. To this end, we introduce a general framework that covers the above subfields as special cases. As a second contribution, we provide a structured overview of MTP methods. This is accomplished by identifying a number of key properties, which distinguish such methods and determine their suitability for different types of problems. Finally, we also discuss a few challenges for future research.
AU - Waegeman, Willem
AU - Dembczynski, Krzysztof
AU - Hüllermeier, Eyke
ID - 15002
IS - 2
JF - Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
SN - 1573-756X
TI - Multi-target prediction: a unifying view on problems and methods
VL - 33
ER -
TY - CONF
AU - Melnikov, Vitaly
AU - Hüllermeier, Eyke
ID - 15007
T2 - Proceedings ACML, Asian Conference on Machine Learning (Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, 101)
TI - Learning to Aggregate: Tackling the Aggregation/Disaggregation Problem for OWA
ER -
TY - CONF
AU - Tornede, Alexander
AU - Wever, Marcel Dominik
AU - Hüllermeier, Eyke
ED - Hoffmann, Frank
ED - Hüllermeier, Eyke
ED - Mikut, Ralf
ID - 15011
SN - 978-3-7315-0979-0
T2 - Proceedings - 29. Workshop Computational Intelligence, Dortmund, 28. - 29. November 2019
TI - Algorithm Selection as Recommendation: From Collaborative Filtering to Dyad Ranking
ER -
TY - JOUR
AU - Brandt, Sascha
AU - Jähn, Claudius
AU - Fischer, Matthias
AU - Meyer auf der Heide, Friedhelm
ID - 16337
IS - 7
JF - Computer Graphics Forum
SN - 0167-7055
TI - Visibility‐Aware Progressive Farthest Point Sampling on the GPU
VL - 38
ER -
TY - GEN
AB - We present a technique for rendering highly complex 3D scenes in real-time by
generating uniformly distributed points on the scene's visible surfaces. The
technique is applicable to a wide range of scene types, like scenes directly
based on complex and detailed CAD data consisting of billions of polygons (in
contrast to scenes handcrafted solely for visualization). This allows to
visualize such scenes smoothly even in VR on a HMD with good image quality,
while maintaining the necessary frame-rates. In contrast to other point based
rendering methods, we place points in an approximated blue noise distribution
only on visible surfaces and store them in a highly GPU efficient data
structure, allowing to progressively refine the number of rendered points to
maximize the image quality for a given target frame rate. Our evaluation shows
that scenes consisting of a high amount of polygons can be rendered with
interactive frame rates with good visual quality on standard hardware.
AU - Brandt, Sascha
AU - Jähn, Claudius
AU - Fischer, Matthias
AU - Meyer auf der Heide, Friedhelm
ID - 16341
T2 - arXiv:1904.08225
TI - Rendering of Complex Heterogenous Scenes using Progressive Blue Surfels
ER -
TY - GEN
AU - Bröcher, Henrik
ID - 13128
TI - Rational Secure Multiparty Computation
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - Mobile app stores like Apple's AppStore or Google's PlayStore are highly competitive markets for third-party developers wanting to develop successful applications. During the development process, many developers focus on the multitude of product functions but neglect the business model as an equally important part. As a result, developers often fail to meet customer needs, leading to unnecessary development costs and poor market penetration. This, in turn, raises the question of how we intertwine the business model and product functions during the development process to ensure a better alignment between the two.
In this paper, we show this intertwined development by adapting the concept of Twin Peaks to the business model and product functions. Based on feature modeling as an abstraction layer, we introduce the concept of a Business Model Decision Line (BMDL) to structure the business model decisions and their relation to product functions structured in a Software Product Line (SPL). The basis of our feature models is the analysis of top listed applications in the app stores of Apple and Google. To create and modify both models, we provide an incremental feature structuring and iterative feature selection process. This combination of abstraction layer and development process supports third-party developers to build successful applications both from a business and a product perspective.
AU - Gottschalk, Sebastian
AU - Rittmeier, Florian
AU - Engels, Gregor
ED - Hyrynsalmi, Sami
ED - Suoranta, Mari
ED - Nguyen-Duc, Anh
ED - Tyrväinen, Pasi
ED - Abrahamsson, Pekka
ID - 13138
IS - 1
KW - Intertwined Development
KW - Twin Peaks
KW - Feature Model
KW - Business Model
KW - Product Functions
T2 - Software Business
TI - Intertwined Development of Business Model and Product Functions for Mobile Applications: A Twin Peak Feature Modeling Approach
VL - 370
ER -
TY - BOOK
ED - Rezat, Sebastian
ED - Fan, Lianghuo
ED - Hattermann, Mathias
ED - Schumacher, Jan
ED - Wuschke, Holger
ID - 13139
TI - Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Mathematics Textbook Research and Development: 16-19 September 2019 Paderborn, Germany
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - Automatic meeting analysis comprises the tasks of speaker counting, speaker diarization, and the separation of overlapped speech, followed by automatic speech recognition. This all has to be carried out on arbitrarily long sessions and, ideally, in an online or block-online manner. While significant progress has been made on individual tasks, this paper presents for the first time an all-neural approach to simultaneous speaker counting, diarization and source separation. The NN-based estimator operates in a block-online fashion and tracks speakers even if they remain silent for a number of time blocks, thus learning a stable output order for the separated sources. The neural network is recurrent over time as well as over the number of sources. The simulation experiments show that state of the art separation performance is achieved, while at the same time delivering good diarization and source counting results. It even generalizes well to an unseen large number of blocks.
AU - von Neumann, Thilo
AU - Kinoshita, Keisuke
AU - Delcroix, Marc
AU - Araki, Shoko
AU - Nakatani, Tomohiro
AU - Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
ID - 13271
T2 - ICASSP 2019, Brighton, UK
TI - All-neural Online Source Separation, Counting, and Diarization for Meeting Analysis
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - Building on 5G and network function virtualization (NFV), smart manufacturing has the potential to drastically increase productivity, reduce cost, and introduce novel, flexible manufacturing services. Current work mostly focuses on high-level scenarios or emulation-based prototype deployments.
Extending our previous work, we showcase one of the first cloud-native 5G verticals focusing on the deployment of smart manufacturing use cases on production infrastructure. In particular, we use the 5GTANGO service platform to deploy our developed network services on Kubernetes. For this demo, we implemented a series of cloud-native virtualized network functions (VNFs) and created suitable service descriptors. Their light-weight, stateless deployment on Kubernetes enables quick instantiation, scalability, and robustness.
AU - Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
AU - Peuster, Manuel
AU - Hannemann, Kai
AU - Behnke, Daniel
AU - Müller, Marcel
AU - Bök, Patrick-Benjamin
AU - Karl, Holger
ID - 13292
KW - 5G
KW - NFV
KW - Smart Manufacturing
KW - Cloud-Native
KW - Kubernetes
T2 - IEEE Conference on Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networks (NFV-SDN) Demo Track
TI - "Producing Cloud-Native": Smart Manufacturing Use Cases on Kubernetes
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - This work considers the problem of control and resource allocation in networked
systems. To this end, we present DIRA a Deep reinforcement learning based Iterative Resource
Allocation algorithm, which is scalable and control-aware. Our algorithm is tailored towards
large-scale problems where control and scheduling need to act jointly to optimize performance.
DIRA can be used to schedule general time-domain optimization based controllers. In the present
work, we focus on control designs based on suitably adapted linear quadratic regulators. We
apply our algorithm to networked systems with correlated fading communication channels. Our
simulations show that DIRA scales well to large scheduling problems.
AU - Redder, Adrian
AU - Ramaswamy, Arunselvan
AU - Quevedo, Daniel
ID - 13443
KW - Networked control systems
KW - deep reinforcement learning
KW - large-scale systems
KW - resource scheduling
KW - stochastic control
T2 - Proceedings of the 8th IFAC Workshop on Distributed Estimation and Control in Networked Systems
TI - Deep reinforcement learning for scheduling in large-scale networked control systems
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - Existing tools for automated machine learning, such as Auto-WEKA, TPOT, auto-sklearn, and more recently ML-Plan, have shown impressive results for the tasks of single-label classification and regression. Yet, there is only little work on other types of machine learning problems so far. In particular, there is almost no work on automating the engineering of machine learning solutions for multi-label classification (MLC). We show how the scope of ML-Plan, an AutoML-tool for multi-class classification, can be extended towards MLC using MEKA, which is a multi-label extension of the well-known Java library WEKA. The resulting approach recursively refines MEKA's multi-label classifiers, nesting other multi-label classifiers for meta algorithms and single-label classifiers provided by WEKA as base learners. In our evaluation, we find that the proposed approach yields strong results and performs significantly better than a set of baselines we compare with.
AU - Wever, Marcel Dominik
AU - Mohr, Felix
AU - Tornede, Alexander
AU - Hüllermeier, Eyke
ID - 10232
TI - Automating Multi-Label Classification Extending ML-Plan
ER -
TY - JOUR
AU - Lin, Zemeng
AU - Huang, Lingling
AU - Zhao, Ruizhe
AU - Wei, Qunshuo
AU - Zentgraf, Thomas
AU - Wang, Yongtian
AU - Li, Xiaowei
ID - 10282
IS - 13
JF - Optics Express
SN - 1094-4087
TI - Dynamic control of mode modulation and spatial multiplexing using hybrid metasurfaces
VL - 27
ER -
TY - GEN
AU - Porzenheim, Laurens Alexander
ID - 10306
TI - Post-Quantum Secure Group Signatures
ER -
TY - JOUR
AU - Peuster, Manuel
AU - Marchetti, Michael
AU - García de Blas, Gerardo
AU - Karl, Holger
ID - 10325
JF - EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking
SN - 1687-1499
TI - Automated testing of NFV orchestrators against carrier-grade multi-PoP scenarios using emulation-based smoke testing
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - We propose a novel personal reputation system for cross-platform reputation. We observe that, in certain usage scenarios, e.g. crowd work, the rater anonymity property typically imposed on reputation systems is not necessary. Instead, we propose a relaxed notion of rater anonymity that is more applicable in the crowd work scenario. This allows us to construct a secure personal reputation system from simple cryptographic primitives.
AU - Blömer, Johannes
AU - Löken, Nils
ID - 13554
T2 - Security and Trust Management, STM 2019
TI - Personal Cross-Platform Reputation
VL - 11738
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - We present a searchable encryption scheme for dynamic document collections in a multi-user scenario. Our scheme features fine-grained access control to search results, as well as access control to operations such as adding documents to the document collection, or changing individual documents. The scheme features verifiability of search results. Our scheme also satisfies the forward privacy notion crucial for the security of dynamic searchable encryption schemes.
AU - Blömer, Johannes
AU - Löken, Nils
ID - 13557
T2 - 12th International Symposium on Foundations and Practice of Security, FPS 2019
TI - Dynamic Searchable Encryption with Access Control
VL - 12056
ER -
TY - GEN
AU - Scholz, Swante
ID - 13648
TI - Implementation and Comparison of Elliptic Curve Algorithms in Java
ER -
TY - JOUR
AU - Ficara, Elena
ID - 30093
JF - Argumenta
TI - Hegel on the Naturalness of Logic
ER -
TY - CONF
AU - Schubert, Philipp
AU - Hermann, Ben
AU - Bodden, Eric
ID - 7626
T2 - Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS 2019), Held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software (ETAPS 2019)
TI - PhASAR: An Inter-Procedural Static Analysis Framework for C/C++
VL - II
ER -
TY - GEN
AB - Embedding techniques allow the approximations of finite dimensional
attractors and manifolds of infinite dimensional dynamical systems via
subdivision and continuation methods. These approximations give a topological
one-to-one image of the original set. In order to additionally reveal their
geometry we use diffusion mapst o find intrinsic coordinates. We illustrate our
results on the unstable manifold of the one-dimensional Kuramoto--Sivashinsky
equation, as well as for the attractor of the Mackey-Glass delay differential
equation.
AU - Gerlach, Raphael
AU - Koltai, Péter
AU - Dellnitz, Michael
ID - 16711
T2 - arXiv:1902.08824
TI - Revealing the intrinsic geometry of finite dimensional invariant sets of infinite dimensional dynamical systems
ER -
TY - JOUR
AU - Hagengruber, Ruth Edith
ID - 13549
IS - 4
JF - British Journal for the History of Philosophy. Vol. 27
SN - 0026-9662
TI - Women Philosophers in Early Modern Philosophy
ER -
TY - BOOK
AB - Cooperation between teachers and special educators is a central requirement for inclusive schools in which students both with and without special educational needs are taught together. In many studies the autonomy/equity norm is reported as a significant obstacle for cooperation. It implies that teachers strive towards a high amount of autonomy in the sense of ‘privacy in their classroom’ as a reaction to endemic uncertainties of pedagogical work and specific work conditions in schools. Nevertheless, some studies point out that general and special educators strive for and engage in intense forms of cooperation.
In this study it is argued from a self-determination theory perspective that cooperation can be accompanied by high values of perceived autonomy if teachers internalized the need for cooperation as part of their professional identity. Furthermore, factors affecting the frequency of cooperation, perception of goal conflict frequency, and stress caused by goal conflicts relating to the endemic uncertainties of pedagogical work are investigated. Analyses were carried out using survey data collected from 222 general and special educators working in either inclusive primary schools, or special schools where pupils had specific special educational needs in the domain of ‘learning’.
A key outcome of the study is the absence of the anticipated negative effect of cooperation on the perception of autonomy. This underlines doubts regarding the relevance of the autonomy/equity norm. In addition to that, having special educators with greater levels of experience, as well as the support of the principal through providing fixed time slots for cooperation are identified as central factors supporting cooperation in inclusive schools. Moreover, increased levels of cooperation were found to reduce the perception of goal conflict frequency and stress relating to goal conflicts for general educators.
The results of the study are discussed with regard to theoretical implications,the professionalization of general and special educators and opportunities to enhance cooperation and supportive settings in inclusive schools.
Die Kooperation von Lehrkräften und Sonderpädagog_innen stellt eine zentrale Bedingung inklusiver Beschulung von Schüler_innen mit und ohne sonderpädagogische Förderbedarfe dar. Als ein maßgebliches Hemmnis der Zusammenarbeit gilt das Autonomie-Paritäts-Muster. Dieses besagt, dass Lehrkräfte aufgrund spezifischer Arbeitsbedingungen und Strukturmerkmale pädagogischer Arbeit in Schule und Unterricht ein hohes Ausmaß an Autonomie i.S.v. ‚Privatheit im Unterricht‘ anstreben. Dennoch weisen Studien darauf hin, dass Lehrkräfte und Sonderpädagog_innen dennoch intensive Kooperationsformen praktizieren und anstreben. In der Arbeit wird mit einem Rückgriff auf die Selbstbestimmungstheorie argumentiert, dass Kooperation auch mit einem hohen Autonomieerleben einhergehen kann, wenn Lehrkräfte und Sonderpädagog_innen Kooperation als Teil ihrer eigenen Professionalität internalisiert haben. Zudem werden Einflussfaktoren auf die Häufigkeit von Kooperation sowie die Wahrnehmung und Belastung von Antinomien und Zielkonflikten als Strukturmerkmale des pädagogischen Handelns untersucht. Grundlage der quantitativ-empirischen Analysen ist eine Stichprobe von insgesamt 222 Lehrkräften und Sonderpädagog_innen in inklusiven Grundschulen und Förderschulen für den Förderschwerpunkt Lernen. Als ein wesentliches Ergebnis der Arbeit zeigt sich, dass negative Effekte der Kooperation auf das Autonomieerleben ausbleiben, sodass die aufgeworfenen Zweifel an der Relevanz des Autonomie-Paritäts-Musters bestärkt werden. Darüber hinaus erweisen sich die Berufserfahrung sowie der Rückhalt der Schulleitung durch geschaffene Zeitfenster im Stundenplan als relevante Einflussfaktoren auf die Häufigkeit der Kooperation von Sonderpädagog_innen in inklusiven Grundschulen. Lehrkräfte in inklusiven Grundschulen nehmen weniger Zielkonflikte und Antinomien wahr und erleben diese weniger belastend, je häufiger sie mit Sonderpädagog_innen kooperieren. Die Ergebnisse werden hinsichtlich theoretischer Implikationen, der Professionalisierung von Lehrkräften und Sonderpädagog_innen sowie Möglichkeiten der Förderung von Kooperation und kooperativer Strukturen diskutiert.
AU - Neumann, Phillip
ID - 34492
KW - Kooperation
KW - Inklusion
KW - Sonderpädagogik
KW - Schulentwicklung
KW - BiLieF
SN - 9783830940432
TI - Kooperation selbst bestimmt? Interdisziplinäre Kooperation und Zielkonflikte in inklusiven Grundschulen und Förderschulen
VL - 73
ER -
TY - BOOK
AU - Süßmann, Johannes
ID - 35055
TI - Die sprechende Stadt. Stadtumbau in Paderborn um 1600 und in der Gegenwart
VL - 152
ER -
TY - CHAP
AU - Herzig, Bardo
AU - Wiethoff, Christoph
ED - Caruso, C.
ED - Woppowa, J.
ID - 29320
T2 - Praxissemester (Religion) in NRW: Bilanz und Perspektiven
TI - Konzeptionelle, strukturelle und inhaltliche Gestaltungsaspekte des Praxissemesters an der Universität Paderborn
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - Although there is considerable research on and knowledge about students’ conceptual-izations of learning or academic practices and skills, the variability of these conceptu-alizations has been consistently neglected.In the present study, we address this varia-bility in the field of academic readingwith the help of a novel approach. Drawing on qualitative metaphor analysis, we report a detailed system of students’ conceptual met-aphors of reading. Ourspecific methodologicalapproach to identify the structure of these conceptual metaphorsallowsto analyze subjective agency on a lexical as well as grammatical level.The conceptual metaphors we identified by this method are markedly variable, although they create an overall impression of medium to low agency, that is a reader who is only weakly active or potent. Interrater reliability of the coding system was very good. We also report and analyze the frequency of the conceptual metaphors ina sample of 143 texts written by bachelor students.
AU - Scharlau, Ingrid
AU - Körber, Miriam
AU - Karsten, Andrea
ID - 28687
IS - 4
JF - Frontline Learning Research
KW - metaphor
KW - conceptual metaphor
KW - metaphor analysis
KW - academic reading
KW - transitivity
SN - 2295-3159
TI - Plunging into a world? A novel approach to undergraduates’ metaphors of reading
VL - 9
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - With the present exploration, we aimed to answer the question whether distinct disciplinary cultures are present at today’s universities. To this purpose, we conducted 16 interviews with scholars from different disciplines. Qualitative analysis shows that disciplinary cultures in a narrow, epistemological sense (including forms of knowledge and work as well as organisation of teaching and learning) are perceived as distinct aspects of higher education and deemed important. Disciplinary cultures in a broader sense related to lifestyle and habitus, however, were hardly reported and not perceived as characteristic. Questions of social selectivity or inequality within universities were rarely touched in the interviews. Own cultures are typically described as rather heterogeneous, which is not the case for other cultures. Handling of possible cultures as well as differences by the interviewees turned out to be very cautious, at the same time restrained and respectful. Even where differences are observed or different values are revealed, there is little evidence of disputes. Consequences of these findings for research into disciplinary cultures and higher education are discussed.
AU - Scharlau, Ingrid
AU - Huber, Ludwig
ID - 28986
JF - die hochschullehre
KW - disciplinary culture
KW - habitus
KW - distinctions
TI - Welche Rolle spielen Fachkulturen heute? Bericht von einer Erkundungsstudie.
VL - 5
ER -
TY - CONF
AU - Dreiling, Dmitrij
AU - Feldmann, Nadine
AU - Henning, Bernd
ID - 12952
KW - piezoelectric materials
KW - piezoelectric properties
KW - DC bias field
KW - non-linear material parameters
TI - A DC bias approach to the characterisation of non-linear material parameters of piezoelectric ceramics
ER -
TY - THES
AB - This thesis deals with the investigation of dynamical properties – in particular generic synchrony breaking bifurcations – that are inherent to the structure of a semigroup network as well the numerous algebraic structures that are related to these types of networks. Most notably we investigate the interplay between network dynamics and monoid representation theory as induced by the fundamental network construction in terms of hidden symmetry as introduced by RINK and SANDERS.
After providing a brief survey of the field of network dynamics in Part I, we thoroughly introduce the formalism of semigroup networks, the customized dynamical systems theory, and the necessary background from monoid representation theory in Chapters 3 and 4. The remainder of Part II investigates generic synchrony breaking bifurcations and contains three major results. The first is Theorem 5.11, which shows that generic symmetry breaking steady state bifurcations in monoid equivariant dynamics occur along absolutely indecomposable subrepresentations – a natural generalization of the corresponding statement for group equivariant dynamics. Then Theorem 7.12 relates the decomposition of a representation given by a network with high-dimensional internal phase spaces to that induced by the same network with one-dimensional internal phase spaces. This result is used to show that there is a smallest dimension of internal dynamics in which all generic l-parameter bifurcations of a fundamental network can be observed (Theorem 7.24).
In Part III, we employ the machinery that was summarized and further developed in Part II to feedforward networks. We propose a general definition of this structural feature of a network and show that it can equivalently be characterized in different algebraic notions in Theorem 8.35. These are then exploited to fully classify the corresponding monoid representation for any feedforward network and to classify generic synchrony breaking steady state bifurcations with one- or highdimensional internal dynamics.
AU - Schwenker, Sören
ID - 33265
TI - Genericity in Network Dynamics
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - Once a popular theme of futuristic science fiction or far-fetched technology forecasts, digital home assistants with a spoken language interface have become a ubiquitous commodity today. This success has been made possible by major advancements in signal processing and machine learning for so-called far-field speech recognition, where the commands are spoken at a distance from the sound capturing device. The challenges encountered are quite unique and different from many other use cases of automatic speech recognition. The purpose of this tutorial article is to describe, in a way amenable to the non-specialist, the key speech processing algorithms that enable reliable fully hands-free speech interaction with digital home assistants. These technologies include multi-channel acoustic echo cancellation, microphone array processing and dereverberation techniques for signal enhancement, reliable wake-up word and end-of-interaction detection, high-quality speech synthesis, as well as sophisticated statistical models for speech and language, learned from large amounts of heterogeneous training data. In all these fields, deep learning has occupied a critical role.
AU - Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
AU - Watanabe, Shinji
AU - Nakatani, Tomohiro
AU - Bacchiani, Michiel
AU - Hoffmeister, Bjoern
AU - Seltzer, Michael L.
AU - Zen, Heiga
AU - Souden, Mehrez
ID - 15814
IS - 6
JF - IEEE Signal Processing Magazine
SN - 1558-0792
TI - Speech Processing for Digital Home Assistance: Combining Signal Processing With Deep-Learning Techniques
VL - 36
ER -
TY - JOUR
AU - Bauer, Anna
AU - Lahme, Simon
AU - Woitkowski, David
AU - Vogelsang, Christoph
AU - Reinhold, Peter
ID - 24958
JF - PhyDid B – Didaktik der Physik – Beiträge zur DPG-Frühjahrstagung
TI - PSΦ: Forschungsprogramm zur Studieneingangsphase im Physikstudium
ER -
TY - CONF
AB - In this paper, we introduce updatable anonymous credential systems (UACS) and use them to construct a new privacy-preserving incentive system. In a UACS, a user holding a credential certifying some attributes can interact with the corresponding issuer to update his attributes. During this, the issuer knows which update function is run, but does not learn the user's previous attributes. Hence the update process preserves anonymity of the user. One example for a class of update functions are additive updates of integer attributes, where the issuer increments an unknown integer attribute value v by some known value k. This kind of update is motivated by an application of UACS to incentive systems. Users in an incentive system can anonymously accumulate points, e.g. in a shop at checkout, and spend them later, e.g. for a discount.
AU - Blömer, Johannes
AU - Bobolz, Jan
AU - Diemert, Denis Pascal
AU - Eidens, Fabian
ID - 13904
T2 - Proceedings of the 2019 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security - CCS '19
TI - Updatable Anonymous Credentials and Applications to Incentive Systems
ER -
TY - JOUR
AU - Stenzel, Nadja
AU - Drumm, Sandra
ID - 35806
JF - ProDaZ
TI - Scaffoldingelemente zur Sprachförderung im Textilunterricht.
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - Wenn akustische Signalverarbeitung mit automatisiertem Lernen verknüpft wird: Nachrichtentechniker arbeiten mit mehreren Mikrofonen und tiefen neuronalen Netzen an besserer Spracherkennung unter widrigsten Bedingungen. Von solchen Sensornetzwerken könnten langfristig auch digitale Sprachassistenten profitieren.
AU - Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
ID - 19450
JF - DFG forschung 1/2019
TI - Lektionen für Alexa & Co?!
ER -
TY - JOUR
AU - Weber, Jutta
ID - 36266
JF - Gender, Technik und Politik 4.0 – Über digitalen Kapitalismus, disruptive Technologien und neue Regime der Unsicherheit, special issue of “Gender“ (Hg.: Jutta Weber/Diana Lengersdorf)
TI - Vorwort: Gender, Technik und Politik 4.0 – Über digitalen Kapitalismus, disruptive Technologien und neue Regime der Unsicherheit
VL - Vol. 11(3/19)
ER -
TY - JOUR
AU - Hagengruber, Ruth
ID - 15494
IS - 2019
JF - Konsens
KW - Maria von Welser
KW - Women
KW - Media
KW - War
KW - Women in War
KW - Refugees
SN - 09306633
TI - Zur Ehrenpromotion von Maria von Welser an der Fakultät für Kulturwissenschaften der Universität Paderborn
VL - 2019
ER -
TY - GEN
AU - Becker, Rieke
AU - Lauert, Markus
AU - Otto, Arnold
ID - 36410
TI - Tagungsbericht: Musiklandschaften zwischen Pader und Rhein. Pluralisierung und Verflechtung entlang des Hellwegs in der Frühen Neuzeit. Interdisziplinäre Tagung vom 15. bis 17. Juli 2019 in Paderborn
ER -
TY - BOOK
AB - Die Kooperation von Lehrkräften und Sonderpädagog_innen stellt eine zentrale Bedingung inklusiver Beschulung von Schüler_innen mit und ohne sonderpädagogische Förderbedarfe dar. Als ein maßgebliches Hemmnis der Zusammenarbeit gilt das Autonomie-Paritäts-Muster. Dieses besagt, dass Lehrkräfte aufgrund spezifischer Arbeitsbedingungen und Strukturmerkmale pädagogischer Arbeit in Schule und Unterricht ein hohes Ausmaß an Autonomie i.S.v. ‚Privatheit im Unterricht‘ anstreben. Dennoch weisen Studien darauf hin, dass Lehrkräfte und Sonderpädagog_innen dennoch intensive Kooperationsformen praktizieren und anstreben. In der Arbeit wird mit einem Rückgriff auf die Selbstbestimmungstheorie argumentiert, dass Kooperation auch mit einem hohen Autonomieerleben einhergehen kann, wenn Lehrkräfte und Sonderpädagog_innen Kooperation als Teil ihrer eigenen Professionalität internalisiert haben. Zudem werden Einflussfaktoren auf die Häufigkeit von Kooperation sowie die Wahrnehmung und Belastung von Antinomien und Zielkonflikten als Strukturmerkmale des pädagogischen Handelns untersucht. Grundlage der quantitativ-empirischen Analysen ist eine Stichprobe von insgesamt 222 Lehrkräften und Sonderpädagog_innen in inklusiven Grundschulen und Förderschulen für den Förderschwerpunkt Lernen. Als ein wesentliches Ergebnis der Arbeit zeigt sich, dass negative Effekte der Kooperation auf das Autonomieerleben ausbleiben, sodass die aufgeworfenen Zweifel an der Relevanz des Autonomie-Paritäts-Musters bestärkt werden. Darüber hinaus erweisen sich die Berufserfahrung sowie der Rückhalt der Schulleitung durch geschaffene Zeitfenster im Stundenplan als relevante Einflussfaktoren auf die Häufigkeit der Kooperation von Sonderpädagog_innen in inklusiven Grundschulen. Lehrkräfte in inklusiven Grundschulen nehmen weniger Zielkonflikte und Antinomien wahr und erleben diese weniger belastend, je häufiger sie mit Sonderpädagog_innen kooperieren. Die Ergebnisse werden hinsichtlich theoretischer Implikationen, der Professionalisierung von Lehrkräften und Sonderpädagog_innen sowie Möglichkeiten der Förderung von Kooperation und kooperativer Strukturen diskutiert.
AU - Neumann, Phillip
ID - 35897
KW - Kooperation
KW - Inklusion
KW - Sonderpädagogik
KW - Schulentwicklung
KW - BiLieF
KW - Multiprofessionelle Kooperation
KW - Grundschule
KW - Förderschule
SN - 9783830940432
TI - Kooperation selbst bestimmt? Interdisziplinäre Kooperation und Zielkonflikte in inklusiven Grundschulen und Förderschulen
ER -
TY - GEN
ED - Weber, Jutta
ED - Lengersdorf, Diana
ID - 37540
IS - 3/19
T2 - Gender
TI - Gender, Technik und Politik 4.0. Über digitalen Kapitalismus, disruptive Technologien und neue Regime der Unsicherheit. Schwerpunktheft der Zeitschrift „Gender“, Jg. 11(3/19)
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - Complexity of products and systems is increasing through digitalization, interdisciplinarity as well as high technology maturity and new business models. In consequence, new product development (NPD) projects need to manage and satisfy a large number of requirements from a broad range of stakeholders. Yet, NPD projects are often delayed due to requirement changes. In this paper, a new method for analyzing requirement change propagation is presented. The method is based on the assessment of requirement interrelations structured in a requirements structure matrix by a modified page-rank algorithm. By the method, a high number of strongly interrelated requirements can be analyzed in an efficient manner. Additionally, higher-level interrelations as well as the relative weights of requirements are also incorporated in the analysis. Hereby, an efficient holistic approach towards the analysis of requirement change propagation is proposed.
AU - Gräßler, Iris
AU - Thiele, Henrik
AU - Oleff, Christian
AU - Scholle, Philipp
AU - Schulze, Veronika
ID - 23705
IS - 1
JF - Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design
SN - 2220-4342
TI - Method for Analysing Requirement Change Propagation based on a Modified Pagerank Algorithm
VL - 1
ER -
TY - JOUR
AU - Wildt, Eugenia
AU - Rohlfing, Katharina
AU - Scharlau, Ingrid
ID - 28982
JF - Frontiers in Psychology
SN - 1664-1078
TI - The Role of Saliency in Learning First Words
ER -
TY - CHAP
AU - Uppenkamp, Vera
AU - Sarah-Luise, Weßler
ED - Pithan, Annebelle
ED - Wuckelt, Agnes
ID - 41419
SN - 978-3-943410-26-6
T2 - Miteinander am Tisch. Tische als Ort sozialer Utopien
TI - Gemeinsam biblischen Geschichten begegnen - reziprokes Lehren als bibeldidaktische Methode
VL - 10
ER -
TY - THES
AU - Kruse, Daniel
ID - 42066
SN - 9783947647071
TI - Teilautomatisierte Parameteridentifikation für die Validierung von Dynamikmodellen im modellbasierten Entwurf mechatronischer Systeme
VL - 388
ER -
TY - CONF
AU - Gharibian, Sevag
AU - Parekh, Ojas
ID - 13297
T2 - Proceedings of the 22nd International Workshop on Approximation Algorithms for Combinatorial Optimization Problems (APPROX)
TI - Almost Optimal Classical Approximation Algorithms for a Quantum Generalization of Max-Cut
VL - 145
ER -
TY - JOUR
AU - Gharibian, Sevag
AU - Yirka, Justin
ID - 13558
JF - Quantum
TI - The complexity of simulating local measurements on quantum systems
VL - 3
ER -
TY - BOOK
ED - Fuchs, Christian
ED - Chandler, David
ID - 41433
TI - Digital Objects, Digital Subjects: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Capitalism, Labour and Politics in the Age of Big Data
ER -
TY - CHAP
AU - Fuchs, Christian
ED - Holzmann, Katharina
ED - Hug, Theo
ED - Pallaver, Günther
ID - 41796
T2 - Das Ende der Vielfalt? Zur Diversität der Medien
TI - Öffentlichkeit im digitalen Kapitalismus
ER -
TY - CHAP
AU - Fuchs, Christian
ED - Chandler, David
ED - Fuchs, Christian
ID - 42371
T2 - Digital Objects, Digital Subjects: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Capitalism, Labour and Politics in the Age of Big Data
TI - Appropriation of Digital Machines and Appropriation of Fixed Capital as the Real Appropriation of Social Being: Reflections on Toni Negri’s Chapter
ER -
TY - JOUR
AU - Fuchs, Christian
ID - 42488
IS - 2
JF - tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique
TI - M. N. Roy and the Frankfurt School: Socialist Humanism and the Critical Analysis of Communication, Culture, Technology, Fascism and Nationalism
VL - 17
ER -
TY - JOUR
AU - Fuchs, Christian
ID - 42489
IS - 1
JF - Journal of Digital Social Research
TI - What is Critical Digital Social Research? Five Reflections on the Study of Digital Society
VL - 1
ER -
TY - GEN
AU - Fuchs, Christian
ID - 42487
T2 - The Conversation
TI - We Need a Full Public Service Internet – State-Owned Infrastructure is Just the Start
ER -
TY - GEN
AU - Fuchs, Christian
ID - 42490
T2 - TruthOut
TI - Boris Johnson Takes His Brexit Demagoguery to the Social Media Sphere
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - The combined benefits of moisture-stable phosphonic acids and mesoporous silica materials (SBA-15 and MCM-41) as large-surface-area solid supports offer new opportunities for several applications, such as catalysis or drug delivery. We present a comprehensive study of a straightforward synthesis method via direct immobilization of several phosphonic acids and phosphoric acid esters on various mesoporous silicas in a Dean–Stark apparatus with toluene as the solvent. Due to the utilization of azeotropic distillation, there was no need to dry phosphonic acids, phosphoric acid esters, solvents, or silicas prior to synthesis. In addition to modeling phosphonic acids, immobilization of the important biomolecule adenosine monophosphate (AMP) on the porous supports was also investigated. Due to the high surface area of the mesoporous silicas, a possible catalytic application based on immobilization of an organocatalyst for an asymmetric aldol reaction is discussed.
AU - Weinberger, Christian
AU - Heckel, Tatjana
AU - Schnippering, Patrick
AU - Schmitz, Markus
AU - Guo, Anpeng
AU - Keil, Waldemar
AU - Marsmann, Heinrich C.
AU - Schmidt, Claudia
AU - Tiemann, Michael
AU - Wilhelm, René
ID - 25907
JF - Nanomaterials
SN - 2079-4991
TI - Straightforward Immobilization of Phosphonic Acids and Phosphoric Acid Esters on Mesoporous Silica and Their Application in an Asymmetric Aldol Reaction
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - The potential for biases being built into algorithms has been known for some time (e.g., Friedman and Nissenbaum, 1996), yet literature has only recently demonstrated the ways algorithmic profiling can result in social sorting and harm marginalised groups (e.g., Browne, 2015; Eubanks, 2018; Noble, 2018). We contend that with increased algorithmic complexity, biases will become more sophisticated and difficult to identify, control for, or contest. Our argument has four steps: first, we show how harnessing algorithms means that data gathered at a particular place and time relating to specific persons, can be used to build group models applied in different contexts to different persons. Thus, privacy and data protection rights, with their focus on individuals (Coll, 2014; Parsons, 2015), do not protect from the discriminatory potential of algorithmic profiling. Second, we explore the idea that anti-discrimination regulation may be more promising, but acknowledge limitations. Third, we argue that in order to harness anti-discrimination regulation, it needs to confront emergent forms of discrimination or risk creating new invisibilities, including invisibility from existing safeguards. Finally, we outline suggestions to address emergent forms of discrimination and exclusionary invisibilities via intersectional and post-colonial analysis.
AU - Mann, Monique
AU - Matzner, Tobias
ID - 28148
IS - 2
JF - Big Data & Society
SN - 2053-9517
TI - Challenging algorithmic profiling: The limits of data protection and anti-discrimination in responding to emergent discrimination
VL - 6
ER -
TY - JOUR
AB - A nanocomposite material based on copper(II) oxide (CuO) and its utilization as a highly selective and stable gas-responsive electrical switch for hydrogen sulphide (H2S) detection is presented. The material can be applied as a sensitive layer for H2S monitoring, e.g., in biogas gas plants. CuO nanoparticles are embedded in a rigid, nanoporous silica (SiO2) matrix to form an electrical percolating network of low conducting CuO and, upon exposure to H2S, highly conducting copper(II) sulphide (CuS) particles. By steric hindrance due to the silica pore walls, the structure of the network is maintained even though the reversible reaction of CuO to CuS is accompanied by significant volume expansion. The conducting state of the percolating network can be controlled by a variety of parameters, such as temperature, electrode layout, and network topology of the porous silica matrix. The latter means that this new type of sensing material has a structure-encoded detection limit for H2S, which offers new application opportunities. The fabrication process of the mesoporous CuO@SiO2 composite as well as the sensor design and characteristics are described in detail. In addition, theoretical modeling of the percolation effect by Monte-Carlo simulations yields deeper insight into the underlying percolation mechanism and the observed response characteristics.
AU - Paul, Andrej
AU - Schwind, Bertram
AU - Weinberger, Christian
AU - Tiemann, Michael
AU - Wagner, Thorsten
ID - 25905
JF - Advanced Functional Materials
SN - 1616-301X
TI - Gas Responsive Nanoswitch: Copper Oxide Composite for Highly Selective H2S Detection
ER -