---
_id: '63675'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Cobalt spinel (Co3O4) catalysts are widely studied in scope of the electrocatalytic
oxygen evolution reaction (OER), yet the role of interfacial structural transformation
under anodic bias remains under debate. Here, we employ an operando approach,
combining a fast electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation
monitoring (EQCM-D), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and Raman spectroscopy
to investigate interfacial transformations of Co3O4 nanoparticle electrodes in
alkaline electrolyte. We identify two distinct regimes during the anodic sweep
prior to the macroscopic OER onset. At lower potentials, the catalyst interface
remains mechanically rigid while reversibly associating several OH−/H2O species
per oxidized cobalt site. At higher potentials, pronounced softening of the interface
occurs alongside further uptake of electrolyte species. This indicates amorphization
and a ‘swelling process’ beyond simple adsorption. Notably, an electrochemical
conditioning treatment can suppress mass and compliance hysteresis without affecting
OER activity, suggesting that most incorporated electrolyte species do not participate
in the OER. EIS further reveals that OER intermediates form well below the apparent
OER onset potential. These results advance our mechanistic understanding of interfacial
transformations in cobalt-based OER catalysts and establish EQCM-D as a sensitive
operando technique for probing electrocatalyst transformations.
article_number: e01104
author:
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Carsten
full_name: Placke‐Yan, Carsten
last_name: Placke‐Yan
- first_name: Georg
full_name: Bendt, Georg
last_name: Bendt
- first_name: Sheila
full_name: Hernandez, Sheila
last_name: Hernandez
- first_name: Kristina
full_name: Tschulik, Kristina
last_name: Tschulik
- first_name: Stephan
full_name: Schulz, Stephan
last_name: Schulz
- first_name: Julia
full_name: Linnemann, Julia
id: '116779'
last_name: Linnemann
orcid: 0000-0001-6883-5424
citation:
ama: 'Leppin C, Placke‐Yan C, Bendt G, et al. Interfacial Softening and Electrolyte
Uptake in Co3O4 OER Catalysts: Insight from Operando
Spectroscopy and Fast EQCM‐D. ChemCatChem. 2026;18(2). doi:10.1002/cctc.202501104'
apa: 'Leppin, C., Placke‐Yan, C., Bendt, G., Hernandez, S., Tschulik, K., Schulz,
S., & Linnemann, J. (2026). Interfacial Softening and Electrolyte Uptake in
Co3O4 OER Catalysts: Insight from Operando Spectroscopy
and Fast EQCM‐D. ChemCatChem, 18(2), Article e01104. https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.202501104'
bibtex: '@article{Leppin_Placke‐Yan_Bendt_Hernandez_Tschulik_Schulz_Linnemann_2026,
title={Interfacial Softening and Electrolyte Uptake in Co3O4
OER Catalysts: Insight from Operando Spectroscopy and Fast EQCM‐D}, volume={18},
DOI={10.1002/cctc.202501104},
number={2e01104}, journal={ChemCatChem}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Leppin, Christian
and Placke‐Yan, Carsten and Bendt, Georg and Hernandez, Sheila and Tschulik, Kristina
and Schulz, Stephan and Linnemann, Julia}, year={2026} }'
chicago: 'Leppin, Christian, Carsten Placke‐Yan, Georg Bendt, Sheila Hernandez,
Kristina Tschulik, Stephan Schulz, and Julia Linnemann. “Interfacial Softening
and Electrolyte Uptake in Co3O4 OER Catalysts: Insight from
Operando Spectroscopy and Fast EQCM‐D.” ChemCatChem 18, no. 2 (2026).
https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.202501104.'
ieee: 'C. Leppin et al., “Interfacial Softening and Electrolyte Uptake in
Co3O4 OER Catalysts: Insight from Operando Spectroscopy
and Fast EQCM‐D,” ChemCatChem, vol. 18, no. 2, Art. no. e01104, 2026, doi:
10.1002/cctc.202501104.'
mla: 'Leppin, Christian, et al. “Interfacial Softening and Electrolyte Uptake in
Co3O4 OER Catalysts: Insight from Operando Spectroscopy
and Fast EQCM‐D.” ChemCatChem, vol. 18, no. 2, e01104, Wiley, 2026, doi:10.1002/cctc.202501104.'
short: C. Leppin, C. Placke‐Yan, G. Bendt, S. Hernandez, K. Tschulik, S. Schulz,
J. Linnemann, ChemCatChem 18 (2026).
date_created: 2026-01-20T19:33:40Z
date_updated: 2026-01-20T19:36:51Z
department:
- _id: '985'
doi: 10.1002/cctc.202501104
intvolume: ' 18'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- electrocatalysis
- Co3O4
- EQCM-D
- OER
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
oa: '1'
publication: ChemCatChem
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1867-3880
- 1867-3899
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Interfacial Softening and Electrolyte Uptake in Co3O4
OER Catalysts: Insight from Operando Spectroscopy and Fast EQCM‐D'
type: journal_article
user_id: '116779'
volume: 18
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '64182'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Overcoming the slow kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction at the anode
is a key challenge for the production of hydrogen via electrolysis. This reaction
operates at very positive potentials, where the electrocatalyst is exposed to
highly oxidative conditions and prone to potential-dependent transformation of
the near-surface region. While substantial evidence for such surface restructuring
exists, its extent and relevance for the catalyst’s activity are unclear. We address
this topic for the case of Co3O4, one of the best-known electrocatalysts exhibiting
surface restructuring, by studies of epitaxial (111)-ordered electrodeposited
films with combined operando X-ray surface diffraction and absorption spectroscopy,
electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and electrochemical measurements on rotating
disk electrodes. Comparison of the as-prepared and annealed state of the same
samples, which both are stable even under long-term oxygen evolution conditions,
provides clear insight into the role of surface defects. Our results show that
defect-free annealed Co3O4(111) surfaces are structurally stable over a wide potential
range and hydroxylate via adsorption at surface oxygen and Co sites. Potential-induced
surface restructuring of the Co3O4 lattice occurs only in the presence of surface
defects, leading to the formation of the well-known nanometer-thick oxyhydroxide
skin layer. The presence of this skin layer promotes oxygen evolution at low overpotentials
but results in higher Tafel slopes. As a result, highly ordered Co3O4(111) surfaces
are more active at high current densities than defective Co3O4 surfaces that undergo
surface restructuring. These results highlight that strategies for catalyst surface
defect engineering need to be application-oriented.
article_number: acscatal.5c08785
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Carl Hendric
full_name: Scharf, Carl Hendric
last_name: Scharf
- first_name: Alex
full_name: Chandraraj, Alex
last_name: Chandraraj
- first_name: Konrad
full_name: Dyk, Konrad
last_name: Dyk
- first_name: Felix
full_name: Stebner, Felix
last_name: Stebner
- first_name: Sören
full_name: Lepin, Sören
last_name: Lepin
- first_name: Jing
full_name: Tian, Jing
last_name: Tian
- first_name: Laila
full_name: El Bergmi Byaz, Laila
last_name: El Bergmi Byaz
- first_name: Jochim
full_name: Stettner, Jochim
last_name: Stettner
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Anastasiia
full_name: Kotova, Anastasiia
last_name: Kotova
- first_name: Sebastian
full_name: Reinke, Sebastian
id: '117727'
last_name: Reinke
- first_name: Julia
full_name: Linnemann, Julia
id: '116779'
last_name: Linnemann
orcid: 0000-0001-6883-5424
- first_name: Fouad
full_name: Maroun, Fouad
last_name: Maroun
- first_name: Olaf M.
full_name: Magnussen, Olaf M.
last_name: Magnussen
citation:
ama: Scharf CH, Chandraraj A, Dyk K, et al. Role of Defects in Reversible Surface
Restructuring and Activity of Co3O4 Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts.
ACS Catalysis. Published online 2026. doi:10.1021/acscatal.5c08785
apa: Scharf, C. H., Chandraraj, A., Dyk, K., Stebner, F., Lepin, S., Tian, J., El
Bergmi Byaz, L., Stettner, J., Leppin, C., Kotova, A., Reinke, S., Linnemann,
J., Maroun, F., & Magnussen, O. M. (2026). Role of Defects in Reversible Surface
Restructuring and Activity of Co3O4 Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts.
ACS Catalysis, Article acscatal.5c08785. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5c08785
bibtex: '@article{Scharf_Chandraraj_Dyk_Stebner_Lepin_Tian_El Bergmi Byaz_Stettner_Leppin_Kotova_et
al._2026, title={Role of Defects in Reversible Surface Restructuring and Activity
of Co3O4 Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts}, DOI={10.1021/acscatal.5c08785},
number={acscatal.5c08785}, journal={ACS Catalysis}, publisher={American Chemical
Society (ACS)}, author={Scharf, Carl Hendric and Chandraraj, Alex and Dyk, Konrad
and Stebner, Felix and Lepin, Sören and Tian, Jing and El Bergmi Byaz, Laila and
Stettner, Jochim and Leppin, Christian and Kotova, Anastasiia and et al.}, year={2026}
}'
chicago: Scharf, Carl Hendric, Alex Chandraraj, Konrad Dyk, Felix Stebner, Sören
Lepin, Jing Tian, Laila El Bergmi Byaz, et al. “Role of Defects in Reversible
Surface Restructuring and Activity of Co3O4 Oxygen Evolution
Electrocatalysts.” ACS Catalysis, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5c08785.
ieee: 'C. H. Scharf et al., “Role of Defects in Reversible Surface Restructuring
and Activity of Co3O4 Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts,”
ACS Catalysis, Art. no. acscatal.5c08785, 2026, doi: 10.1021/acscatal.5c08785.'
mla: Scharf, Carl Hendric, et al. “Role of Defects in Reversible Surface Restructuring
and Activity of Co3O4 Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts.”
ACS Catalysis, acscatal.5c08785, American Chemical Society (ACS), 2026,
doi:10.1021/acscatal.5c08785.
short: C.H. Scharf, A. Chandraraj, K. Dyk, F. Stebner, S. Lepin, J. Tian, L. El
Bergmi Byaz, J. Stettner, C. Leppin, A. Kotova, S. Reinke, J. Linnemann, F. Maroun,
O.M. Magnussen, ACS Catalysis (2026).
date_created: 2026-02-16T14:22:15Z
date_updated: 2026-02-16T14:25:00Z
department:
- _id: '985'
doi: 10.1021/acscatal.5c08785
keyword:
- electrocatalysis
- oxygen evolution reaction
- cobalt spinel
- operando characterization
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acscatal.5c08785
oa: '1'
publication: ACS Catalysis
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2155-5435
- 2155-5435
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Role of Defects in Reversible Surface Restructuring and Activity of Co3O4
Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts
type: journal_article
user_id: '116779'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '61982'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Doped Co3O4 nanoparticles are investigated via spectro-electrochemistry in
the (pre-) oxygen evolution reaction (OER) regime by tracing the absorption signal
of the Co3+ d–d transition under applied bias for getting insight into the catalysts
activation and the formation of catalytically active phases. In the low potential
regime up to 1.37 VRHE, a rise in the optical absorption signal of the [Co3+]oct
d–d transition is observed and attributed to a structural change from [Co2+]tet
to [Co3+]oct due to an electrochemically induced surface restructuring with water.
For applied potentials higher than 1.37 VRHE an overall offset of the absorption
spectra in the UV–vis range, equivalent to a darkening of the materials is detected.
This is attributed to the formation of a CoOx(OH)y skin layer as supported by
high-energy X-ray diffraction (HE-XRD) measurements. We found that the kinetics
of the Co3+ states are heavily influenced by the type of dopant with V-doped Co3O4
exhibiting stable Co3+ states (>20 min) while the Mn-doped Co3O4 Co3+ states reduce
within 36 s under reductive bias. We conclude that doping Co3O4 with transition
metals affects the formation and potential-dependent thickness of the CoOx(OH)y
skin layer as the catalytically active phase and the formation of long-time stable
surface Co3+ states after activation in the first OER cycle.
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: L.
full_name: Kampermann, L.
last_name: Kampermann
- first_name: J.
full_name: Klein, J.
last_name: Klein
- first_name: T.
full_name: Wagner, T.
last_name: Wagner
- first_name: A.
full_name: Kotova, A.
last_name: Kotova
- first_name: C.
full_name: Placke-Yan, C.
last_name: Placke-Yan
- first_name: A.
full_name: Yasar, A.
last_name: Yasar
- first_name: L.
full_name: Jacobse, L.
last_name: Jacobse
- first_name: S.
full_name: Lasagna, S.
last_name: Lasagna
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: S.
full_name: Schulz, S.
last_name: Schulz
- first_name: Julia
full_name: Linnemann, Julia
id: '116779'
last_name: Linnemann
orcid: 0000-0001-6883-5424
- first_name: A.
full_name: Bergmann, A.
last_name: Bergmann
- first_name: B.
full_name: Roldan Cuenya, B.
last_name: Roldan Cuenya
- first_name: G.
full_name: Bacher, G.
last_name: Bacher
citation:
ama: Kampermann L, Klein J, Wagner T, et al. Operando Analysis of the Pre-OER Activation
of Metal-Doped Co3O4 Nanoparticle Catalysts. ACS Catalysis.
2025;15(21):18391-18403. doi:10.1021/acscatal.5c03900
apa: Kampermann, L., Klein, J., Wagner, T., Kotova, A., Placke-Yan, C., Yasar, A.,
Jacobse, L., Lasagna, S., Leppin, C., Schulz, S., Linnemann, J., Bergmann, A.,
Roldan Cuenya, B., & Bacher, G. (2025). Operando Analysis of the Pre-OER Activation
of Metal-Doped Co3O4 Nanoparticle Catalysts. ACS Catalysis,
15(21), 18391–18403. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5c03900
bibtex: '@article{Kampermann_Klein_Wagner_Kotova_Placke-Yan_Yasar_Jacobse_Lasagna_Leppin_Schulz_et
al._2025, title={Operando Analysis of the Pre-OER Activation of Metal-Doped Co3O4
Nanoparticle Catalysts}, volume={15}, DOI={10.1021/acscatal.5c03900},
number={21}, journal={ACS Catalysis}, publisher={American Chemical Society (ACS)},
author={Kampermann, L. and Klein, J. and Wagner, T. and Kotova, A. and Placke-Yan,
C. and Yasar, A. and Jacobse, L. and Lasagna, S. and Leppin, Christian and Schulz,
S. and et al.}, year={2025}, pages={18391–18403} }'
chicago: 'Kampermann, L., J. Klein, T. Wagner, A. Kotova, C. Placke-Yan, A. Yasar,
L. Jacobse, et al. “Operando Analysis of the Pre-OER Activation of Metal-Doped
Co3O4 Nanoparticle Catalysts.” ACS Catalysis 15,
no. 21 (2025): 18391–403. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.5c03900.'
ieee: 'L. Kampermann et al., “Operando Analysis of the Pre-OER Activation
of Metal-Doped Co3O4 Nanoparticle Catalysts,” ACS Catalysis,
vol. 15, no. 21, pp. 18391–18403, 2025, doi: 10.1021/acscatal.5c03900.'
mla: Kampermann, L., et al. “Operando Analysis of the Pre-OER Activation of Metal-Doped
Co3O4 Nanoparticle Catalysts.” ACS Catalysis, vol.
15, no. 21, American Chemical Society (ACS), 2025, pp. 18391–403, doi:10.1021/acscatal.5c03900.
short: L. Kampermann, J. Klein, T. Wagner, A. Kotova, C. Placke-Yan, A. Yasar, L.
Jacobse, S. Lasagna, C. Leppin, S. Schulz, J. Linnemann, A. Bergmann, B. Roldan
Cuenya, G. Bacher, ACS Catalysis 15 (2025) 18391–18403.
date_created: 2025-10-24T07:49:21Z
date_updated: 2025-12-07T17:15:53Z
department:
- _id: '985'
doi: 10.1021/acscatal.5c03900
intvolume: ' 15'
issue: '21'
keyword:
- electrocatalysis
- oxygen evolution reaction
- cobalt spinel
- operando characterization
- spectroelectrochemistry
language:
- iso: eng
page: 18391-18403
publication: ACS Catalysis
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2155-5435
- 2155-5435
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Operando Analysis of the Pre-OER Activation of Metal-Doped Co3O4
Nanoparticle Catalysts
type: journal_article
user_id: '116779'
volume: 15
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '63223'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: AbstractThe quartz crystal microbalance with
dissipation monitoring (QCM‐D) is routinely used to investigate structured samples.
Here, a simulation technique is described, that predicts the shifts of frequency
and half bandwidth, Δfn and ΔΓn,
of a quartz resonator operating on different overtone orders, n,
induced by structured samples in contact with the resonator surface in liquid.
The technique, abbreviated as FreqD‐LBM, solves the Stokes equation in the frequency
domain. The solution provides the complex amplitude of the area‐averaged tangential
stress at the resonator surface, from which Δfn
and ΔΓn are derived. Because the
dynamical variables are complex amplitudes, the viscosity can be complex, as well.
The technique naturally covers viscoelasticity. Limitations are linked to the
grid resolution and to problems at large viscosity. Validation steps include viscoelastic
films, rough surfaces, an oscillating cylinder in a viscous medium, and a free‐floating
sphere above the resonator. Application examples are soft adsorbed particles,
stiff adsorbed particles, and a large, immobile spherical cap above the resonator,
which allows to study the high‐frequency properties of the material in the gap.
FreqDLBM runs on an office PC and does not require expert knowledge of numerical
techniques. It is accessible to an experimentalist.
article_number: '2401373'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Diethelm
full_name: Johannsmann, Diethelm
last_name: Johannsmann
- first_name: Paul
full_name: Häusner, Paul
last_name: Häusner
- first_name: Arne
full_name: Langhoff, Arne
last_name: Langhoff
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Ilya
full_name: Reviakine, Ilya
last_name: Reviakine
- first_name: Viktor
full_name: Vanoppen, Viktor
last_name: Vanoppen
citation:
ama: 'Johannsmann D, Häusner P, Langhoff A, Leppin C, Reviakine I, Vanoppen V. The
Frequency‐Domain Lattice Boltzmann Method (FreqD‐LBM): A Versatile Tool to Predict
the QCM Response Induced by Structured Samples. Advanced Theory and Simulations.
2025;8(7). doi:10.1002/adts.202401373'
apa: 'Johannsmann, D., Häusner, P., Langhoff, A., Leppin, C., Reviakine, I., &
Vanoppen, V. (2025). The Frequency‐Domain Lattice Boltzmann Method (FreqD‐LBM):
A Versatile Tool to Predict the QCM Response Induced by Structured Samples. Advanced
Theory and Simulations, 8(7), Article 2401373. https://doi.org/10.1002/adts.202401373'
bibtex: '@article{Johannsmann_Häusner_Langhoff_Leppin_Reviakine_Vanoppen_2025, title={The
Frequency‐Domain Lattice Boltzmann Method (FreqD‐LBM): A Versatile Tool to Predict
the QCM Response Induced by Structured Samples}, volume={8}, DOI={10.1002/adts.202401373},
number={72401373}, journal={Advanced Theory and Simulations}, publisher={Wiley},
author={Johannsmann, Diethelm and Häusner, Paul and Langhoff, Arne and Leppin,
Christian and Reviakine, Ilya and Vanoppen, Viktor}, year={2025} }'
chicago: 'Johannsmann, Diethelm, Paul Häusner, Arne Langhoff, Christian Leppin,
Ilya Reviakine, and Viktor Vanoppen. “The Frequency‐Domain Lattice Boltzmann Method
(FreqD‐LBM): A Versatile Tool to Predict the QCM Response Induced by Structured
Samples.” Advanced Theory and Simulations 8, no. 7 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1002/adts.202401373.'
ieee: 'D. Johannsmann, P. Häusner, A. Langhoff, C. Leppin, I. Reviakine, and V.
Vanoppen, “The Frequency‐Domain Lattice Boltzmann Method (FreqD‐LBM): A Versatile
Tool to Predict the QCM Response Induced by Structured Samples,” Advanced Theory
and Simulations, vol. 8, no. 7, Art. no. 2401373, 2025, doi: 10.1002/adts.202401373.'
mla: 'Johannsmann, Diethelm, et al. “The Frequency‐Domain Lattice Boltzmann Method
(FreqD‐LBM): A Versatile Tool to Predict the QCM Response Induced by Structured
Samples.” Advanced Theory and Simulations, vol. 8, no. 7, 2401373, Wiley,
2025, doi:10.1002/adts.202401373.'
short: D. Johannsmann, P. Häusner, A. Langhoff, C. Leppin, I. Reviakine, V. Vanoppen,
Advanced Theory and Simulations 8 (2025).
date_created: 2025-12-18T16:57:22Z
date_updated: 2025-12-18T17:46:34Z
doi: 10.1002/adts.202401373
intvolume: ' 8'
issue: '7'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Advanced Theory and Simulations
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2513-0390
- 2513-0390
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'The Frequency‐Domain Lattice Boltzmann Method (FreqD‐LBM): A Versatile Tool
to Predict the QCM Response Induced by Structured Samples'
type: journal_article
user_id: '117722'
volume: 8
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '63222'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the anode of lithium-ion
batteries (LIBs) has been studied thoroughly due to its crucial importance to
the battery’s long-term performance. At the same time, most studies of the SEI
apply ex situ characterization methods, which may introduce artifacts or misinterpretations
as they do not investigate the SEI in its unaltered state immersed in liquid battery
electrolyte. Thus, in this work, we focus on using the non-destructive combination
of electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (EQCM-D)
and impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in the same electrochemical cell. EQCM-D can
not only probe the solidified products of the SEI but also allows for the monitoring
of viscoelastic layers and viscosity changes of the electrolyte at the interphase
during the SEI formation. EIS complements those results by providing electrochemical
properties of the formed interphase. Our results highlight substantial differences
in the physical and electrochemical properties between the SEI formed on copper
and on amorphous carbon and show how formation parameters and the additive vinylene
carbonate (VC) influence their growth. The EQCM-D results show consistently that
much thicker SEIs are formed on carbon substrates in comparison to copper substrates.
article_number: '273'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Stich, Michael
last_name: Stich
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Falk Thorsten
full_name: Krauss, Falk Thorsten
last_name: Krauss
- first_name: Jesus Eduardo
full_name: Valdes Landa, Jesus Eduardo
last_name: Valdes Landa
- first_name: Isabel
full_name: Pantenburg, Isabel
last_name: Pantenburg
- first_name: Bernhard
full_name: Roling, Bernhard
last_name: Roling
- first_name: Andreas
full_name: Bund, Andreas
last_name: Bund
citation:
ama: 'Stich M, Leppin C, Krauss FT, et al. Comparing the SEI Formation on Copper
and Amorphous Carbon: A Study with Combined Operando Methods. Batteries.
2025;11(7). doi:10.3390/batteries11070273'
apa: 'Stich, M., Leppin, C., Krauss, F. T., Valdes Landa, J. E., Pantenburg, I.,
Roling, B., & Bund, A. (2025). Comparing the SEI Formation on Copper and Amorphous
Carbon: A Study with Combined Operando Methods. Batteries, 11(7),
Article 273. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries11070273'
bibtex: '@article{Stich_Leppin_Krauss_Valdes Landa_Pantenburg_Roling_Bund_2025,
title={Comparing the SEI Formation on Copper and Amorphous Carbon: A Study with
Combined Operando Methods}, volume={11}, DOI={10.3390/batteries11070273},
number={7273}, journal={Batteries}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Stich, Michael
and Leppin, Christian and Krauss, Falk Thorsten and Valdes Landa, Jesus Eduardo
and Pantenburg, Isabel and Roling, Bernhard and Bund, Andreas}, year={2025} }'
chicago: 'Stich, Michael, Christian Leppin, Falk Thorsten Krauss, Jesus Eduardo
Valdes Landa, Isabel Pantenburg, Bernhard Roling, and Andreas Bund. “Comparing
the SEI Formation on Copper and Amorphous Carbon: A Study with Combined Operando
Methods.” Batteries 11, no. 7 (2025). https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries11070273.'
ieee: 'M. Stich et al., “Comparing the SEI Formation on Copper and Amorphous
Carbon: A Study with Combined Operando Methods,” Batteries, vol. 11, no.
7, Art. no. 273, 2025, doi: 10.3390/batteries11070273.'
mla: 'Stich, Michael, et al. “Comparing the SEI Formation on Copper and Amorphous
Carbon: A Study with Combined Operando Methods.” Batteries, vol. 11, no.
7, 273, MDPI AG, 2025, doi:10.3390/batteries11070273.'
short: M. Stich, C. Leppin, F.T. Krauss, J.E. Valdes Landa, I. Pantenburg, B. Roling,
A. Bund, Batteries 11 (2025).
date_created: 2025-12-18T16:56:12Z
date_updated: 2025-12-18T17:47:08Z
doi: 10.3390/batteries11070273
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 11'
issue: '7'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Batteries
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2313-0105
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Comparing the SEI Formation on Copper and Amorphous Carbon: A Study with Combined
Operando Methods'
type: journal_article
user_id: '117722'
volume: 11
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '63224'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: By monitoring the solidification of droplets of plant latices with
a fast quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D), droplets
from Campanula glomerata were found to solidify much faster than droplets from
Euphorbia characias and also faster than droplets from all technical latices tested.
A similar conclusion was drawn from optical videos, where the plants were injured
and the milky fluid was stretched (sometimes forming fibers) after the cut. Rapid
solidification cannot be explained with physical drying because physical drying
is transport-limited and therefore is inherently slow. It can, however, be explained
with coagulation being triggered by a sudden decrease in hydrostatic pressure.
A mechanism based on a pressure drop is corroborated by optical videos of both
plants being injured under water. While the liquid exuded by E. characias keeps
streaming away, the liquid exuded by C. glomerata quickly forms a plug even under
water. Presumably, the pressure drop causes an influx of serum into the laticifers.
The serum, in turn, triggers a transition from a liquid–liquid phase separated
state (an LLPS state) of a resin and hardener to a single-phase state. QCM measurements,
optical videos, and cryo-SEM images suggest that LLPS plays a role in the solidification
of C. glomerata.
article_number: '798'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Arne
full_name: Langhoff, Arne
last_name: Langhoff
- first_name: Astrid
full_name: Peschel, Astrid
last_name: Peschel
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Sebastian
full_name: Kruppert, Sebastian
last_name: Kruppert
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Speck, Thomas
last_name: Speck
- first_name: Diethelm
full_name: Johannsmann, Diethelm
last_name: Johannsmann
citation:
ama: Langhoff A, Peschel A, Leppin C, Kruppert S, Speck T, Johannsmann D. Rapid
Solidification of Plant Latices from Campanula glomerata Driven by a Sudden Decrease
in Hydrostatic Pressure. Plants. 2025;14(5). doi:10.3390/plants14050798
apa: Langhoff, A., Peschel, A., Leppin, C., Kruppert, S., Speck, T., & Johannsmann,
D. (2025). Rapid Solidification of Plant Latices from Campanula glomerata Driven
by a Sudden Decrease in Hydrostatic Pressure. Plants, 14(5), Article
798. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14050798
bibtex: '@article{Langhoff_Peschel_Leppin_Kruppert_Speck_Johannsmann_2025, title={Rapid
Solidification of Plant Latices from Campanula glomerata Driven by a Sudden Decrease
in Hydrostatic Pressure}, volume={14}, DOI={10.3390/plants14050798},
number={5798}, journal={Plants}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Langhoff, Arne and
Peschel, Astrid and Leppin, Christian and Kruppert, Sebastian and Speck, Thomas
and Johannsmann, Diethelm}, year={2025} }'
chicago: Langhoff, Arne, Astrid Peschel, Christian Leppin, Sebastian Kruppert, Thomas
Speck, and Diethelm Johannsmann. “Rapid Solidification of Plant Latices from Campanula
Glomerata Driven by a Sudden Decrease in Hydrostatic Pressure.” Plants
14, no. 5 (2025). https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14050798.
ieee: 'A. Langhoff, A. Peschel, C. Leppin, S. Kruppert, T. Speck, and D. Johannsmann,
“Rapid Solidification of Plant Latices from Campanula glomerata Driven by a Sudden
Decrease in Hydrostatic Pressure,” Plants, vol. 14, no. 5, Art. no. 798,
2025, doi: 10.3390/plants14050798.'
mla: Langhoff, Arne, et al. “Rapid Solidification of Plant Latices from Campanula
Glomerata Driven by a Sudden Decrease in Hydrostatic Pressure.” Plants,
vol. 14, no. 5, 798, MDPI AG, 2025, doi:10.3390/plants14050798.
short: A. Langhoff, A. Peschel, C. Leppin, S. Kruppert, T. Speck, D. Johannsmann,
Plants 14 (2025).
date_created: 2025-12-18T16:58:15Z
date_updated: 2025-12-18T17:41:57Z
doi: 10.3390/plants14050798
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 14'
issue: '5'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Plants
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2223-7747
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
status: public
title: Rapid Solidification of Plant Latices from Campanula glomerata Driven by a
Sudden Decrease in Hydrostatic Pressure
type: journal_article
user_id: '117722'
volume: 14
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '63225'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Various polycations and polyanions were sequentially adsorbed onto the gold
electrode of a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring. The study
focused on determining the adsorption kinetics, viscoelastic properties, and electroresponsivity
of polyelectrolyte layers. For the first time, it was demonstrated that the structure
(compact or expanded) of the layers can be determined by electroresponsivity.
Viscoelastic modeling alone did not provide a conclusive answer as to whether
the layers were compact or expanded. The study was further enriched by streaming
potential and contact angle measurements, where polyelectrolyte multilayers were
formed on mica. It was found that successive adsorption of layers led to periodic
inversion of the zeta potential. Systematic differences were observed between
the different top layers, which were explained by intermixing between layers.
The presence or absence of interpenetration, as determined by the measurements
of streaming potential and contact angles, correlated well with electroresponsivity.
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Agata
full_name: Pomorska, Agata
last_name: Pomorska
- first_name: Maria
full_name: Morga, Maria
last_name: Morga
- first_name: Pawel
full_name: Pomastowski, Pawel
last_name: Pomastowski
- first_name: Piotr
full_name: Fijałkowski, Piotr
last_name: Fijałkowski
- first_name: Aneta
full_name: Michna, Aneta
last_name: Michna
- first_name: Diethelm
full_name: Johannsmann, Diethelm
last_name: Johannsmann
citation:
ama: Leppin C, Pomorska A, Morga M, et al. Swelling Degree of Polyelectrolyte Layers
Determined by an Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance. Biomacromolecules.
2025;26(2):914-928. doi:10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01205
apa: Leppin, C., Pomorska, A., Morga, M., Pomastowski, P., Fijałkowski, P., Michna,
A., & Johannsmann, D. (2025). Swelling Degree of Polyelectrolyte Layers Determined
by an Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance. Biomacromolecules, 26(2),
914–928. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01205
bibtex: '@article{Leppin_Pomorska_Morga_Pomastowski_Fijałkowski_Michna_Johannsmann_2025,
title={Swelling Degree of Polyelectrolyte Layers Determined by an Electrochemical
Quartz Crystal Microbalance}, volume={26}, DOI={10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01205},
number={2}, journal={Biomacromolecules}, publisher={American Chemical Society
(ACS)}, author={Leppin, Christian and Pomorska, Agata and Morga, Maria and Pomastowski,
Pawel and Fijałkowski, Piotr and Michna, Aneta and Johannsmann, Diethelm}, year={2025},
pages={914–928} }'
chicago: 'Leppin, Christian, Agata Pomorska, Maria Morga, Pawel Pomastowski, Piotr
Fijałkowski, Aneta Michna, and Diethelm Johannsmann. “Swelling Degree of Polyelectrolyte
Layers Determined by an Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance.” Biomacromolecules
26, no. 2 (2025): 914–28. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01205.'
ieee: 'C. Leppin et al., “Swelling Degree of Polyelectrolyte Layers Determined
by an Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance,” Biomacromolecules,
vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 914–928, 2025, doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01205.'
mla: Leppin, Christian, et al. “Swelling Degree of Polyelectrolyte Layers Determined
by an Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance.” Biomacromolecules,
vol. 26, no. 2, American Chemical Society (ACS), 2025, pp. 914–28, doi:10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01205.
short: C. Leppin, A. Pomorska, M. Morga, P. Pomastowski, P. Fijałkowski, A. Michna,
D. Johannsmann, Biomacromolecules 26 (2025) 914–928.
date_created: 2025-12-18T16:59:12Z
date_updated: 2025-12-18T17:44:44Z
doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c01205
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 26'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 914-928
publication: Biomacromolecules
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1525-7797
- 1526-4602
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
status: public
title: Swelling Degree of Polyelectrolyte Layers Determined by an Electrochemical
Quartz Crystal Microbalance
type: journal_article
user_id: '117722'
volume: 26
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '63226'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Nanobubbles in water splitting are recognized by the EQCM-D. They
are ubiquitous. Lifetimes are in the range of seconds.
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Arne
full_name: Langhoff, Arne
last_name: Langhoff
- first_name: Diethelm
full_name: Johannsmann, Diethelm
last_name: Johannsmann
citation:
ama: Leppin C, Langhoff A, Johannsmann D. A fast electrochemical quartz crystal
microbalance (EQCM) evidences the presence of nanobubbles in alkaline water splitting.
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 2025;27(37):19733-19747. doi:10.1039/d5cp02691a
apa: Leppin, C., Langhoff, A., & Johannsmann, D. (2025). A fast electrochemical
quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) evidences the presence of nanobubbles in alkaline
water splitting. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 27(37), 19733–19747.
https://doi.org/10.1039/d5cp02691a
bibtex: '@article{Leppin_Langhoff_Johannsmann_2025, title={A fast electrochemical
quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) evidences the presence of nanobubbles in alkaline
water splitting}, volume={27}, DOI={10.1039/d5cp02691a},
number={37}, journal={Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics}, publisher={Royal Society
of Chemistry (RSC)}, author={Leppin, Christian and Langhoff, Arne and Johannsmann,
Diethelm}, year={2025}, pages={19733–19747} }'
chicago: 'Leppin, Christian, Arne Langhoff, and Diethelm Johannsmann. “A Fast Electrochemical
Quartz Crystal Microbalance (EQCM) Evidences the Presence of Nanobubbles in Alkaline
Water Splitting.” Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 27, no. 37 (2025):
19733–47. https://doi.org/10.1039/d5cp02691a.'
ieee: 'C. Leppin, A. Langhoff, and D. Johannsmann, “A fast electrochemical quartz
crystal microbalance (EQCM) evidences the presence of nanobubbles in alkaline
water splitting,” Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, vol. 27, no. 37,
pp. 19733–19747, 2025, doi: 10.1039/d5cp02691a.'
mla: Leppin, Christian, et al. “A Fast Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance
(EQCM) Evidences the Presence of Nanobubbles in Alkaline Water Splitting.” Physical
Chemistry Chemical Physics, vol. 27, no. 37, Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC),
2025, pp. 19733–47, doi:10.1039/d5cp02691a.
short: C. Leppin, A. Langhoff, D. Johannsmann, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
27 (2025) 19733–19747.
date_created: 2025-12-18T17:00:11Z
date_updated: 2025-12-18T17:43:25Z
doi: 10.1039/d5cp02691a
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 27'
issue: '37'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 19733-19747
publication: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1463-9076
- 1463-9084
publication_status: published
publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
status: public
title: A fast electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) evidences the presence
of nanobubbles in alkaline water splitting
type: journal_article
user_id: '117722'
volume: 27
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '63227'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Using a precise electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM),
it was shown that electrogravimetry can be carried out with microelectrode arrays
(MEAs). Significant differences between the potential dependent adsorption of
a redox-active molecule and electroplating were presented.
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Biermann, Michael
last_name: Biermann
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Arne
full_name: Langhoff, Arne
last_name: Langhoff
- first_name: Thorben
full_name: Ziemer, Thorben
last_name: Ziemer
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Rembe, Christian
last_name: Rembe
- first_name: Diethelm
full_name: Johannsmann, Diethelm
last_name: Johannsmann
citation:
ama: Biermann M, Leppin C, Langhoff A, Ziemer T, Rembe C, Johannsmann D. An electrochemical
quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) based on microelectrode arrays allows to distinguish
between adsorption and electrodeposition. The Analyst. 2024;149(7):2138-2146.
doi:10.1039/d3an02210b
apa: Biermann, M., Leppin, C., Langhoff, A., Ziemer, T., Rembe, C., & Johannsmann,
D. (2024). An electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) based on microelectrode
arrays allows to distinguish between adsorption and electrodeposition. The
Analyst, 149(7), 2138–2146. https://doi.org/10.1039/d3an02210b
bibtex: '@article{Biermann_Leppin_Langhoff_Ziemer_Rembe_Johannsmann_2024, title={An
electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) based on microelectrode arrays
allows to distinguish between adsorption and electrodeposition}, volume={149},
DOI={10.1039/d3an02210b}, number={7},
journal={The Analyst}, publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}, author={Biermann,
Michael and Leppin, Christian and Langhoff, Arne and Ziemer, Thorben and Rembe,
Christian and Johannsmann, Diethelm}, year={2024}, pages={2138–2146} }'
chicago: 'Biermann, Michael, Christian Leppin, Arne Langhoff, Thorben Ziemer, Christian
Rembe, and Diethelm Johannsmann. “An Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance
(EQCM) Based on Microelectrode Arrays Allows to Distinguish between Adsorption
and Electrodeposition.” The Analyst 149, no. 7 (2024): 2138–46. https://doi.org/10.1039/d3an02210b.'
ieee: 'M. Biermann, C. Leppin, A. Langhoff, T. Ziemer, C. Rembe, and D. Johannsmann,
“An electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) based on microelectrode
arrays allows to distinguish between adsorption and electrodeposition,” The
Analyst, vol. 149, no. 7, pp. 2138–2146, 2024, doi: 10.1039/d3an02210b.'
mla: Biermann, Michael, et al. “An Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance (EQCM)
Based on Microelectrode Arrays Allows to Distinguish between Adsorption and Electrodeposition.”
The Analyst, vol. 149, no. 7, Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), 2024, pp.
2138–46, doi:10.1039/d3an02210b.
short: M. Biermann, C. Leppin, A. Langhoff, T. Ziemer, C. Rembe, D. Johannsmann,
The Analyst 149 (2024) 2138–2146.
date_created: 2025-12-18T17:01:44Z
date_updated: 2025-12-18T17:42:48Z
doi: 10.1039/d3an02210b
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 149'
issue: '7'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 2138-2146
publication: The Analyst
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0003-2654
- 1364-5528
publication_status: published
publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: An electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) based on microelectrode
arrays allows to distinguish between adsorption and electrodeposition
type: journal_article
user_id: '117722'
volume: 149
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '63231'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "\r\n A QCM-D probes the temperature-
and concentration-dependent complex high-frequency viscosity and provides information
on protein-protein interactions in solutions of monoclonal antibodies."
author:
- first_name: Emily
full_name: Rott, Emily
last_name: Rott
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Tim
full_name: Diederichs, Tim
last_name: Diederichs
- first_name: Patrick
full_name: Garidel, Patrick
last_name: Garidel
- first_name: Diethelm
full_name: Johannsmann, Diethelm
last_name: Johannsmann
citation:
ama: Rott E, Leppin C, Diederichs T, Garidel P, Johannsmann D. Protein–protein interactions
in solutions of monoclonal antibodies probed by the dependence of the high-frequency
viscosity on temperature and concentration. The Analyst. 2023;148(8):1887-1897.
doi:10.1039/d3an00076a
apa: Rott, E., Leppin, C., Diederichs, T., Garidel, P., & Johannsmann, D. (2023).
Protein–protein interactions in solutions of monoclonal antibodies probed by the
dependence of the high-frequency viscosity on temperature and concentration. The
Analyst, 148(8), 1887–1897. https://doi.org/10.1039/d3an00076a
bibtex: '@article{Rott_Leppin_Diederichs_Garidel_Johannsmann_2023, title={Protein–protein
interactions in solutions of monoclonal antibodies probed by the dependence of
the high-frequency viscosity on temperature and concentration}, volume={148},
DOI={10.1039/d3an00076a}, number={8},
journal={The Analyst}, publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}, author={Rott,
Emily and Leppin, Christian and Diederichs, Tim and Garidel, Patrick and Johannsmann,
Diethelm}, year={2023}, pages={1887–1897} }'
chicago: 'Rott, Emily, Christian Leppin, Tim Diederichs, Patrick Garidel, and Diethelm
Johannsmann. “Protein–Protein Interactions in Solutions of Monoclonal Antibodies
Probed by the Dependence of the High-Frequency Viscosity on Temperature and Concentration.”
The Analyst 148, no. 8 (2023): 1887–97. https://doi.org/10.1039/d3an00076a.'
ieee: 'E. Rott, C. Leppin, T. Diederichs, P. Garidel, and D. Johannsmann, “Protein–protein
interactions in solutions of monoclonal antibodies probed by the dependence of
the high-frequency viscosity on temperature and concentration,” The Analyst,
vol. 148, no. 8, pp. 1887–1897, 2023, doi: 10.1039/d3an00076a.'
mla: Rott, Emily, et al. “Protein–Protein Interactions in Solutions of Monoclonal
Antibodies Probed by the Dependence of the High-Frequency Viscosity on Temperature
and Concentration.” The Analyst, vol. 148, no. 8, Royal Society of Chemistry
(RSC), 2023, pp. 1887–97, doi:10.1039/d3an00076a.
short: E. Rott, C. Leppin, T. Diederichs, P. Garidel, D. Johannsmann, The Analyst
148 (2023) 1887–1897.
date_created: 2025-12-18T17:06:08Z
date_updated: 2025-12-18T17:38:31Z
doi: 10.1039/d3an00076a
intvolume: ' 148'
issue: '8'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1887-1897
publication: The Analyst
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0003-2654
- 1364-5528
publication_status: published
publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Protein–protein interactions in solutions of monoclonal antibodies probed by
the dependence of the high-frequency viscosity on temperature and concentration
type: journal_article
user_id: '117722'
volume: 148
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '63228'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: AbstractA simulation based on the frequency‐domain
lattice Boltzmann method (FreqD‐LBM) is employed to predict the shifts of resonance
frequency, Δf, and half bandwidth, ΔΓ, of a quartz
crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM‐D) induced by the adsorption
of rigid spheres to the resonator surface. The comparison with the experimental
values of Δf and ΔΓ allows to estimate the stiffness
of the contacts between the spheres and the resonator surface. The contact stiffness
is of interest in contact mechanics, but also in sensing because it depends on
the properties of thin films situated between the resonator surface and the sphere.
The simulation differs from previous implementations of FreqD‐LBM insofar, as
the material inside the particles is not included in the FreqD‐LBM algorithm.
Rather, the particle surface is configured to be an oscillating boundary. The
amplitude of the particles' motions (displacement and rotation) is governed by
the force balance at the surface of the particle. Because the contact stiffness
enters this balance, it can be derived from experimental values of Δf
and ΔΓ. The simulation reproduces experiments by the Krakow group. For sufficiently
small spheres, a contact stiffness can be derived from the comparison of the simulation
with the experiment.
article_number: '2300190'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Diethelm
full_name: Johannsmann, Diethelm
last_name: Johannsmann
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Arne
full_name: Langhoff, Arne
last_name: Langhoff
citation:
ama: Johannsmann D, Leppin C, Langhoff A. Stiffness of Contacts between Adsorbed
Particles and the Surface of a QCM‐D Inferred from the Adsorption Kinetics and
a Frequency‐Domain Lattice Boltzmann Simulation. Advanced Theory and Simulations.
2023;6(11). doi:10.1002/adts.202300190
apa: Johannsmann, D., Leppin, C., & Langhoff, A. (2023). Stiffness of Contacts
between Adsorbed Particles and the Surface of a QCM‐D Inferred from the Adsorption
Kinetics and a Frequency‐Domain Lattice Boltzmann Simulation. Advanced Theory
and Simulations, 6(11), Article 2300190. https://doi.org/10.1002/adts.202300190
bibtex: '@article{Johannsmann_Leppin_Langhoff_2023, title={Stiffness of Contacts
between Adsorbed Particles and the Surface of a QCM‐D Inferred from the Adsorption
Kinetics and a Frequency‐Domain Lattice Boltzmann Simulation}, volume={6}, DOI={10.1002/adts.202300190}, number={112300190},
journal={Advanced Theory and Simulations}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Johannsmann,
Diethelm and Leppin, Christian and Langhoff, Arne}, year={2023} }'
chicago: Johannsmann, Diethelm, Christian Leppin, and Arne Langhoff. “Stiffness
of Contacts between Adsorbed Particles and the Surface of a QCM‐D Inferred from
the Adsorption Kinetics and a Frequency‐Domain Lattice Boltzmann Simulation.”
Advanced Theory and Simulations 6, no. 11 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1002/adts.202300190.
ieee: 'D. Johannsmann, C. Leppin, and A. Langhoff, “Stiffness of Contacts between
Adsorbed Particles and the Surface of a QCM‐D Inferred from the Adsorption Kinetics
and a Frequency‐Domain Lattice Boltzmann Simulation,” Advanced Theory and Simulations,
vol. 6, no. 11, Art. no. 2300190, 2023, doi: 10.1002/adts.202300190.'
mla: Johannsmann, Diethelm, et al. “Stiffness of Contacts between Adsorbed Particles
and the Surface of a QCM‐D Inferred from the Adsorption Kinetics and a Frequency‐Domain
Lattice Boltzmann Simulation.” Advanced Theory and Simulations, vol. 6,
no. 11, 2300190, Wiley, 2023, doi:10.1002/adts.202300190.
short: D. Johannsmann, C. Leppin, A. Langhoff, Advanced Theory and Simulations 6
(2023).
date_created: 2025-12-18T17:03:12Z
date_updated: 2025-12-18T17:41:08Z
doi: 10.1002/adts.202300190
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 6'
issue: '11'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Advanced Theory and Simulations
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2513-0390
- 2513-0390
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Stiffness of Contacts between Adsorbed Particles and the Surface of a QCM‐D
Inferred from the Adsorption Kinetics and a Frequency‐Domain Lattice Boltzmann Simulation
type: journal_article
user_id: '117722'
volume: 6
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '63230'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) is
a well-established technique for studying soft films. It can provide gravimetric
as well as nongravimetric information about a film, such as its thickness and
mechanical properties. The interpretation of sets of overtone-normalized frequency
shifts, ∆f/n, and overtone-normalized shifts in half-bandwidth, ΔΓ/n, provided
by QCM-D relies on a model that, in general, contains five independent parameters
that are needed to describe film thickness and frequency-dependent viscoelastic
properties. Here, we examine how noise inherent in experimental data affects the
determination of these parameters. There are certain conditions where noise prevents
the reliable determination of film thickness and the loss tangent. On the other
hand, we show that there are conditions where it is possible to determine all
five parameters. We relate these conditions to the mathematical properties of
the model in terms of simple conceptual diagrams that can help users understand
the model’s behavior. Finally, we present new open source software for QCM-D data
analysis written in Python, PyQTM.
article_number: '1348'
author:
- first_name: Diethelm
full_name: Johannsmann, Diethelm
last_name: Johannsmann
- first_name: Arne
full_name: Langhoff, Arne
last_name: Langhoff
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Ilya
full_name: Reviakine, Ilya
last_name: Reviakine
- first_name: Anna M. C.
full_name: Maan, Anna M. C.
last_name: Maan
citation:
ama: Johannsmann D, Langhoff A, Leppin C, Reviakine I, Maan AMC. Effect of Noise
on Determining Ultrathin-Film Parameters from QCM-D Data with the Viscoelastic
Model. Sensors. 2023;23(3). doi:10.3390/s23031348
apa: Johannsmann, D., Langhoff, A., Leppin, C., Reviakine, I., & Maan, A. M.
C. (2023). Effect of Noise on Determining Ultrathin-Film Parameters from QCM-D
Data with the Viscoelastic Model. Sensors, 23(3), Article 1348.
https://doi.org/10.3390/s23031348
bibtex: '@article{Johannsmann_Langhoff_Leppin_Reviakine_Maan_2023, title={Effect
of Noise on Determining Ultrathin-Film Parameters from QCM-D Data with the Viscoelastic
Model}, volume={23}, DOI={10.3390/s23031348},
number={31348}, journal={Sensors}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Johannsmann, Diethelm
and Langhoff, Arne and Leppin, Christian and Reviakine, Ilya and Maan, Anna M.
C.}, year={2023} }'
chicago: Johannsmann, Diethelm, Arne Langhoff, Christian Leppin, Ilya Reviakine,
and Anna M. C. Maan. “Effect of Noise on Determining Ultrathin-Film Parameters
from QCM-D Data with the Viscoelastic Model.” Sensors 23, no. 3 (2023).
https://doi.org/10.3390/s23031348.
ieee: 'D. Johannsmann, A. Langhoff, C. Leppin, I. Reviakine, and A. M. C. Maan,
“Effect of Noise on Determining Ultrathin-Film Parameters from QCM-D Data with
the Viscoelastic Model,” Sensors, vol. 23, no. 3, Art. no. 1348, 2023,
doi: 10.3390/s23031348.'
mla: Johannsmann, Diethelm, et al. “Effect of Noise on Determining Ultrathin-Film
Parameters from QCM-D Data with the Viscoelastic Model.” Sensors, vol.
23, no. 3, 1348, MDPI AG, 2023, doi:10.3390/s23031348.
short: D. Johannsmann, A. Langhoff, C. Leppin, I. Reviakine, A.M.C. Maan, Sensors
23 (2023).
date_created: 2025-12-18T17:05:00Z
date_updated: 2025-12-18T17:39:52Z
doi: 10.3390/s23031348
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 23'
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Sensors
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1424-8220
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Effect of Noise on Determining Ultrathin-Film Parameters from QCM-D Data with
the Viscoelastic Model
type: journal_article
user_id: '117722'
volume: 23
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '63229'
article_number: '106219'
author:
- first_name: Diethelm
full_name: Johannsmann, Diethelm
last_name: Johannsmann
- first_name: Judith
full_name: Petri, Judith
last_name: Petri
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Arne
full_name: Langhoff, Arne
last_name: Langhoff
- first_name: Hozan
full_name: Ibrahim, Hozan
last_name: Ibrahim
citation:
ama: Johannsmann D, Petri J, Leppin C, Langhoff A, Ibrahim H. Particle fouling at
hot reactor walls monitored In situ with a QCM-D and modeled with the frequency-domain
lattice Boltzmann method. Results in Physics. 2023;45. doi:10.1016/j.rinp.2023.106219
apa: Johannsmann, D., Petri, J., Leppin, C., Langhoff, A., & Ibrahim, H. (2023).
Particle fouling at hot reactor walls monitored In situ with a QCM-D and modeled
with the frequency-domain lattice Boltzmann method. Results in Physics,
45, Article 106219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2023.106219
bibtex: '@article{Johannsmann_Petri_Leppin_Langhoff_Ibrahim_2023, title={Particle
fouling at hot reactor walls monitored In situ with a QCM-D and modeled with the
frequency-domain lattice Boltzmann method}, volume={45}, DOI={10.1016/j.rinp.2023.106219},
number={106219}, journal={Results in Physics}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Johannsmann,
Diethelm and Petri, Judith and Leppin, Christian and Langhoff, Arne and Ibrahim,
Hozan}, year={2023} }'
chicago: Johannsmann, Diethelm, Judith Petri, Christian Leppin, Arne Langhoff, and
Hozan Ibrahim. “Particle Fouling at Hot Reactor Walls Monitored In Situ with a
QCM-D and Modeled with the Frequency-Domain Lattice Boltzmann Method.” Results
in Physics 45 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2023.106219.
ieee: 'D. Johannsmann, J. Petri, C. Leppin, A. Langhoff, and H. Ibrahim, “Particle
fouling at hot reactor walls monitored In situ with a QCM-D and modeled with the
frequency-domain lattice Boltzmann method,” Results in Physics, vol. 45,
Art. no. 106219, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.rinp.2023.106219.'
mla: Johannsmann, Diethelm, et al. “Particle Fouling at Hot Reactor Walls Monitored
In Situ with a QCM-D and Modeled with the Frequency-Domain Lattice Boltzmann Method.”
Results in Physics, vol. 45, 106219, Elsevier BV, 2023, doi:10.1016/j.rinp.2023.106219.
short: D. Johannsmann, J. Petri, C. Leppin, A. Langhoff, H. Ibrahim, Results in
Physics 45 (2023).
date_created: 2025-12-18T17:04:13Z
date_updated: 2025-12-18T17:40:25Z
doi: 10.1016/j.rinp.2023.106219
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 45'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Results in Physics
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2211-3797
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
status: public
title: Particle fouling at hot reactor walls monitored In situ with a QCM-D and modeled
with the frequency-domain lattice Boltzmann method
type: journal_article
user_id: '117722'
volume: 45
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '63234'
article_number: '103452'
author:
- first_name: Jens
full_name: Wiegmann, Jens
last_name: Wiegmann
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Arne
full_name: Langhoff, Arne
last_name: Langhoff
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Schwaderer, Jan
last_name: Schwaderer
- first_name: Sabine
full_name: Beuermann, Sabine
last_name: Beuermann
- first_name: Diethelm
full_name: Johannsmann, Diethelm
last_name: Johannsmann
- first_name: Alfred P.
full_name: Weber, Alfred P.
last_name: Weber
citation:
ama: Wiegmann J, Leppin C, Langhoff A, et al. Influence of the solvent evaporation
rate on the β-Phase content of electrosprayed PVDF particles and films studied
by a fast Multi-Overtone QCM. Advanced Powder Technology. 2022;33(3). doi:10.1016/j.apt.2022.103452
apa: Wiegmann, J., Leppin, C., Langhoff, A., Schwaderer, J., Beuermann, S., Johannsmann,
D., & Weber, A. P. (2022). Influence of the solvent evaporation rate on the
β-Phase content of electrosprayed PVDF particles and films studied by a fast Multi-Overtone
QCM. Advanced Powder Technology, 33(3), Article 103452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2022.103452
bibtex: '@article{Wiegmann_Leppin_Langhoff_Schwaderer_Beuermann_Johannsmann_Weber_2022,
title={Influence of the solvent evaporation rate on the β-Phase content of electrosprayed
PVDF particles and films studied by a fast Multi-Overtone QCM}, volume={33}, DOI={10.1016/j.apt.2022.103452},
number={3103452}, journal={Advanced Powder Technology}, publisher={Elsevier BV},
author={Wiegmann, Jens and Leppin, Christian and Langhoff, Arne and Schwaderer,
Jan and Beuermann, Sabine and Johannsmann, Diethelm and Weber, Alfred P.}, year={2022}
}'
chicago: Wiegmann, Jens, Christian Leppin, Arne Langhoff, Jan Schwaderer, Sabine
Beuermann, Diethelm Johannsmann, and Alfred P. Weber. “Influence of the Solvent
Evaporation Rate on the β-Phase Content of Electrosprayed PVDF Particles and Films
Studied by a Fast Multi-Overtone QCM.” Advanced Powder Technology 33, no.
3 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2022.103452.
ieee: 'J. Wiegmann et al., “Influence of the solvent evaporation rate on
the β-Phase content of electrosprayed PVDF particles and films studied by a fast
Multi-Overtone QCM,” Advanced Powder Technology, vol. 33, no. 3, Art. no.
103452, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.apt.2022.103452.'
mla: Wiegmann, Jens, et al. “Influence of the Solvent Evaporation Rate on the β-Phase
Content of Electrosprayed PVDF Particles and Films Studied by a Fast Multi-Overtone
QCM.” Advanced Powder Technology, vol. 33, no. 3, 103452, Elsevier BV,
2022, doi:10.1016/j.apt.2022.103452.
short: J. Wiegmann, C. Leppin, A. Langhoff, J. Schwaderer, S. Beuermann, D. Johannsmann,
A.P. Weber, Advanced Powder Technology 33 (2022).
date_created: 2025-12-18T17:22:31Z
date_updated: 2025-12-18T17:37:31Z
doi: 10.1016/j.apt.2022.103452
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 33'
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Advanced Powder Technology
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0921-8831
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Influence of the solvent evaporation rate on the β-Phase content of electrosprayed
PVDF particles and films studied by a fast Multi-Overtone QCM
type: journal_article
user_id: '117722'
volume: 33
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '63233'
author:
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Arne
full_name: Langhoff, Arne
last_name: Langhoff
- first_name: Diethelm
full_name: Johannsmann, Diethelm
last_name: Johannsmann
citation:
ama: Leppin C, Langhoff A, Johannsmann D. Square-Wave Electrogravimetry Combined
with Voltammetry Reveals Reversible Submonolayer Adsorption of Redox-Active Ions.
Analytical Chemistry. 2022;94(28):10227-10233. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01763
apa: Leppin, C., Langhoff, A., & Johannsmann, D. (2022). Square-Wave Electrogravimetry
Combined with Voltammetry Reveals Reversible Submonolayer Adsorption of Redox-Active
Ions. Analytical Chemistry, 94(28), 10227–10233. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01763
bibtex: '@article{Leppin_Langhoff_Johannsmann_2022, title={Square-Wave Electrogravimetry
Combined with Voltammetry Reveals Reversible Submonolayer Adsorption of Redox-Active
Ions}, volume={94}, DOI={10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01763},
number={28}, journal={Analytical Chemistry}, publisher={American Chemical Society
(ACS)}, author={Leppin, Christian and Langhoff, Arne and Johannsmann, Diethelm},
year={2022}, pages={10227–10233} }'
chicago: 'Leppin, Christian, Arne Langhoff, and Diethelm Johannsmann. “Square-Wave
Electrogravimetry Combined with Voltammetry Reveals Reversible Submonolayer Adsorption
of Redox-Active Ions.” Analytical Chemistry 94, no. 28 (2022): 10227–33.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01763.'
ieee: 'C. Leppin, A. Langhoff, and D. Johannsmann, “Square-Wave Electrogravimetry
Combined with Voltammetry Reveals Reversible Submonolayer Adsorption of Redox-Active
Ions,” Analytical Chemistry, vol. 94, no. 28, pp. 10227–10233, 2022, doi:
10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01763.'
mla: Leppin, Christian, et al. “Square-Wave Electrogravimetry Combined with Voltammetry
Reveals Reversible Submonolayer Adsorption of Redox-Active Ions.” Analytical
Chemistry, vol. 94, no. 28, American Chemical Society (ACS), 2022, pp. 10227–33,
doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01763.
short: C. Leppin, A. Langhoff, D. Johannsmann, Analytical Chemistry 94 (2022) 10227–10233.
date_created: 2025-12-18T17:21:21Z
date_updated: 2025-12-18T17:38:07Z
doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01763
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 94'
issue: '28'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 10227-10233
publication: Analytical Chemistry
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0003-2700
- 1520-6882
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Square-Wave Electrogravimetry Combined with Voltammetry Reveals Reversible
Submonolayer Adsorption of Redox-Active Ions
type: journal_article
user_id: '117722'
volume: 94
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '63236'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'The response of the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM, also: QCM-D
for “QCM with Dissipation monitoring”) to loading with a diverse set of samples
is reviewed in a consistent frame. After a brief introduction to the advanced
QCMs, the governing equation (the small-load approximation) is derived. Planar
films and adsorbates are modeled based on the acoustic multilayer formalism. In
liquid environments, viscoelastic spectroscopy and high-frequency rheology are
possible, even on layers with a thickness in the monolayer range. For particulate
samples, the contact stiffness can be derived. Because the stress at the contact
is large, the force is not always proportional to the displacement. Nonlinear
effects are observed, leading to a dependence of the resonance frequency and the
resonance bandwidth on the amplitude of oscillation. Partial slip, in particular,
can be studied in detail. Advanced topics include structured samples and the extension
of the small-load approximation to its tensorial version.'
article_number: '3490'
author:
- first_name: Diethelm
full_name: Johannsmann, Diethelm
last_name: Johannsmann
- first_name: Arne
full_name: Langhoff, Arne
last_name: Langhoff
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
citation:
ama: 'Johannsmann D, Langhoff A, Leppin C. Studying Soft Interfaces with Shear Waves:
Principles and Applications of the Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM). Sensors.
2021;21(10). doi:10.3390/s21103490'
apa: 'Johannsmann, D., Langhoff, A., & Leppin, C. (2021). Studying Soft Interfaces
with Shear Waves: Principles and Applications of the Quartz Crystal Microbalance
(QCM). Sensors, 21(10), Article 3490. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21103490'
bibtex: '@article{Johannsmann_Langhoff_Leppin_2021, title={Studying Soft Interfaces
with Shear Waves: Principles and Applications of the Quartz Crystal Microbalance
(QCM)}, volume={21}, DOI={10.3390/s21103490},
number={103490}, journal={Sensors}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Johannsmann,
Diethelm and Langhoff, Arne and Leppin, Christian}, year={2021} }'
chicago: 'Johannsmann, Diethelm, Arne Langhoff, and Christian Leppin. “Studying
Soft Interfaces with Shear Waves: Principles and Applications of the Quartz Crystal
Microbalance (QCM).” Sensors 21, no. 10 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/s21103490.'
ieee: 'D. Johannsmann, A. Langhoff, and C. Leppin, “Studying Soft Interfaces with
Shear Waves: Principles and Applications of the Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM),”
Sensors, vol. 21, no. 10, Art. no. 3490, 2021, doi: 10.3390/s21103490.'
mla: 'Johannsmann, Diethelm, et al. “Studying Soft Interfaces with Shear Waves:
Principles and Applications of the Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM).” Sensors,
vol. 21, no. 10, 3490, MDPI AG, 2021, doi:10.3390/s21103490.'
short: D. Johannsmann, A. Langhoff, C. Leppin, Sensors 21 (2021).
date_created: 2025-12-18T17:25:13Z
date_updated: 2025-12-18T17:36:06Z
doi: 10.3390/s21103490
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 21'
issue: '10'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Sensors
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1424-8220
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Studying Soft Interfaces with Shear Waves: Principles and Applications of
the Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM)'
type: journal_article
user_id: '117722'
volume: 21
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '63235'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: AbstractA fast electrochemical quartz crystal
microbalance with dissipation monitoring (EQCM−D) was applied to copper electrodeposition
and subsequent stripping. Accumulation brings the frequency noise down to the
mHz range, corresponding to 0.1 % of a monolayer. With this precision, the apparent
mass transfer rate as determined from the time‐derivative of the frequency shift
can be directly compared to the current. Small but systematic deviations between
the two can be attributed to nanoscale roughness. In the voltage range of underpotential
deposition (UPD), the apparent mass transfer rate shows peaks and shoulders. The
plating additive benzotriazole (BTA) leaves the magnitude of electrogravimetric
signals unchanged, but shifts the UPD onset potential. The additive thiourea (TU)
promotes UPD and strongly increases the bandwidth.
author:
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Arne
full_name: Langhoff, Arne
last_name: Langhoff
- first_name: Oliver
full_name: Höfft, Oliver
last_name: Höfft
- first_name: Diethelm
full_name: Johannsmann, Diethelm
last_name: Johannsmann
citation:
ama: Leppin C, Langhoff A, Höfft O, Johannsmann D. A Modulation QCM Applied to Copper
Electrodeposition and Stripping. Electroanalysis. 2021;33(12):2529-2538.
doi:10.1002/elan.202100471
apa: Leppin, C., Langhoff, A., Höfft, O., & Johannsmann, D. (2021). A Modulation
QCM Applied to Copper Electrodeposition and Stripping. Electroanalysis,
33(12), 2529–2538. https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.202100471
bibtex: '@article{Leppin_Langhoff_Höfft_Johannsmann_2021, title={A Modulation QCM
Applied to Copper Electrodeposition and Stripping}, volume={33}, DOI={10.1002/elan.202100471},
number={12}, journal={Electroanalysis}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Leppin, Christian
and Langhoff, Arne and Höfft, Oliver and Johannsmann, Diethelm}, year={2021},
pages={2529–2538} }'
chicago: 'Leppin, Christian, Arne Langhoff, Oliver Höfft, and Diethelm Johannsmann.
“A Modulation QCM Applied to Copper Electrodeposition and Stripping.” Electroanalysis
33, no. 12 (2021): 2529–38. https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.202100471.'
ieee: 'C. Leppin, A. Langhoff, O. Höfft, and D. Johannsmann, “A Modulation QCM Applied
to Copper Electrodeposition and Stripping,” Electroanalysis, vol. 33, no.
12, pp. 2529–2538, 2021, doi: 10.1002/elan.202100471.'
mla: Leppin, Christian, et al. “A Modulation QCM Applied to Copper Electrodeposition
and Stripping.” Electroanalysis, vol. 33, no. 12, Wiley, 2021, pp. 2529–38,
doi:10.1002/elan.202100471.
short: C. Leppin, A. Langhoff, O. Höfft, D. Johannsmann, Electroanalysis 33 (2021)
2529–2538.
date_created: 2025-12-18T17:23:58Z
date_updated: 2025-12-18T17:36:54Z
doi: 10.1002/elan.202100471
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 33'
issue: '12'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 2529-2538
publication: Electroanalysis
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1040-0397
- 1521-4109
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: A Modulation QCM Applied to Copper Electrodeposition and Stripping
type: journal_article
user_id: '117722'
volume: 33
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '63237'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Using a fast electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), zwitterionic
electrolytes were studied with regard to changes of resonance frequency and resonance
bandwidth after the electrode potential was switched.
author:
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Arne
full_name: Langhoff, Arne
last_name: Langhoff
- first_name: Hanna-Friederike
full_name: Poggemann, Hanna-Friederike
last_name: Poggemann
- first_name: Alexander Simon
full_name: Gödde, Alexander Simon
last_name: Gödde
- first_name: Diethelm
full_name: Johannsmann, Diethelm
last_name: Johannsmann
citation:
ama: 'Leppin C, Langhoff A, Poggemann H-F, Gödde AS, Johannsmann D. Fast and slow
EQCM response of zwitterionic weak electrolytes to changes in the electrode potential:
a pH-mediated mechanism. The Analyst. 2021;146(19):6005-6013. doi:10.1039/d1an01306h'
apa: 'Leppin, C., Langhoff, A., Poggemann, H.-F., Gödde, A. S., & Johannsmann,
D. (2021). Fast and slow EQCM response of zwitterionic weak electrolytes to changes
in the electrode potential: a pH-mediated mechanism. The Analyst, 146(19),
6005–6013. https://doi.org/10.1039/d1an01306h'
bibtex: '@article{Leppin_Langhoff_Poggemann_Gödde_Johannsmann_2021, title={Fast
and slow EQCM response of zwitterionic weak electrolytes to changes in the electrode
potential: a pH-mediated mechanism}, volume={146}, DOI={10.1039/d1an01306h},
number={19}, journal={The Analyst}, publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)},
author={Leppin, Christian and Langhoff, Arne and Poggemann, Hanna-Friederike and
Gödde, Alexander Simon and Johannsmann, Diethelm}, year={2021}, pages={6005–6013}
}'
chicago: 'Leppin, Christian, Arne Langhoff, Hanna-Friederike Poggemann, Alexander
Simon Gödde, and Diethelm Johannsmann. “Fast and Slow EQCM Response of Zwitterionic
Weak Electrolytes to Changes in the Electrode Potential: A PH-Mediated Mechanism.”
The Analyst 146, no. 19 (2021): 6005–13. https://doi.org/10.1039/d1an01306h.'
ieee: 'C. Leppin, A. Langhoff, H.-F. Poggemann, A. S. Gödde, and D. Johannsmann,
“Fast and slow EQCM response of zwitterionic weak electrolytes to changes in the
electrode potential: a pH-mediated mechanism,” The Analyst, vol. 146, no.
19, pp. 6005–6013, 2021, doi: 10.1039/d1an01306h.'
mla: 'Leppin, Christian, et al. “Fast and Slow EQCM Response of Zwitterionic Weak
Electrolytes to Changes in the Electrode Potential: A PH-Mediated Mechanism.”
The Analyst, vol. 146, no. 19, Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), 2021,
pp. 6005–13, doi:10.1039/d1an01306h.'
short: C. Leppin, A. Langhoff, H.-F. Poggemann, A.S. Gödde, D. Johannsmann, The
Analyst 146 (2021) 6005–6013.
date_created: 2025-12-18T17:26:31Z
date_updated: 2025-12-18T17:35:11Z
doi: 10.1039/d1an01306h
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 146'
issue: '19'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 6005-6013
publication: The Analyst
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0003-2654
- 1364-5528
publication_status: published
publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Fast and slow EQCM response of zwitterionic weak electrolytes to changes in
the electrode potential: a pH-mediated mechanism'
type: journal_article
user_id: '117722'
volume: 146
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '63238'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: A fast EQCM measures the kinetics of the viscosity changes inside the double
layer following voltage jumps.
author:
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Astrid
full_name: Peschel, Astrid
last_name: Peschel
- first_name: Frederick Sebastian
full_name: Meyer, Frederick Sebastian
last_name: Meyer
- first_name: Arne
full_name: Langhoff, Arne
last_name: Langhoff
- first_name: Diethelm
full_name: Johannsmann, Diethelm
last_name: Johannsmann
citation:
ama: Leppin C, Peschel A, Meyer FS, Langhoff A, Johannsmann D. Kinetics of viscoelasticity
in the electric double layer following steps in the electrode potential studied
by a fast electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM). The Analyst.
2021;146(7):2160-2171. doi:10.1039/d0an01965h
apa: Leppin, C., Peschel, A., Meyer, F. S., Langhoff, A., & Johannsmann, D.
(2021). Kinetics of viscoelasticity in the electric double layer following steps
in the electrode potential studied by a fast electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance
(EQCM). The Analyst, 146(7), 2160–2171. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0an01965h
bibtex: '@article{Leppin_Peschel_Meyer_Langhoff_Johannsmann_2021, title={Kinetics
of viscoelasticity in the electric double layer following steps in the electrode
potential studied by a fast electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM)},
volume={146}, DOI={10.1039/d0an01965h},
number={7}, journal={The Analyst}, publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)},
author={Leppin, Christian and Peschel, Astrid and Meyer, Frederick Sebastian and
Langhoff, Arne and Johannsmann, Diethelm}, year={2021}, pages={2160–2171} }'
chicago: 'Leppin, Christian, Astrid Peschel, Frederick Sebastian Meyer, Arne Langhoff,
and Diethelm Johannsmann. “Kinetics of Viscoelasticity in the Electric Double
Layer Following Steps in the Electrode Potential Studied by a Fast Electrochemical
Quartz Crystal Microbalance (EQCM).” The Analyst 146, no. 7 (2021): 2160–71.
https://doi.org/10.1039/d0an01965h.'
ieee: 'C. Leppin, A. Peschel, F. S. Meyer, A. Langhoff, and D. Johannsmann, “Kinetics
of viscoelasticity in the electric double layer following steps in the electrode
potential studied by a fast electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM),”
The Analyst, vol. 146, no. 7, pp. 2160–2171, 2021, doi: 10.1039/d0an01965h.'
mla: Leppin, Christian, et al. “Kinetics of Viscoelasticity in the Electric Double
Layer Following Steps in the Electrode Potential Studied by a Fast Electrochemical
Quartz Crystal Microbalance (EQCM).” The Analyst, vol. 146, no. 7, Royal
Society of Chemistry (RSC), 2021, pp. 2160–71, doi:10.1039/d0an01965h.
short: C. Leppin, A. Peschel, F.S. Meyer, A. Langhoff, D. Johannsmann, The Analyst
146 (2021) 2160–2171.
date_created: 2025-12-18T17:27:56Z
date_updated: 2025-12-18T17:34:42Z
doi: 10.1039/d0an01965h
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 146'
issue: '7'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 2160-2171
publication: The Analyst
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0003-2654
- 1364-5528
publication_status: published
publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Kinetics of viscoelasticity in the electric double layer following steps in
the electrode potential studied by a fast electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance
(EQCM)
type: journal_article
user_id: '117722'
volume: 146
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '63239'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is described, which simultaneously
determines resonance frequency and bandwidth on four different overtones. The
time resolution is 10 milliseconds. This fast, multi-overtone QCM is based on
multi-frequency lockin amplification. Synchronous interrogation of overtones is
needed, when the sample changes quickly and when information on the sample is
to be extracted from the comparison between overtones. The application example
is thermal inkjet-printing. At impact, the resonance frequencies change over a
time shorter than 10 milliseconds. There is a further increase in the contact
area, evidenced by an increasing common prefactor to the shifts in frequency,
Δf, and half-bandwidth, ΔΓ. The ratio ΔΓ/(−Δf), which quantifies the energy dissipated
per time and unit area, decreases with time. Often, there is a fast initial decrease,
lasting for about 100 milliseconds, followed by a slower decrease, persisting
over the entire drying time (a few seconds). Fitting the overtone dependence of
Δf(n) and ΔΓ(n) with power laws, one finds power-law exponents of about 1/2, characteristic
of semi-infinite Newtonian liquids. The power-law exponents corresponding to Δf(n)
slightly increase with time. The decrease of ΔΓ/(−Δf) and the increase of the
exponents are explained by evaporation and formation of a solid film at the resonator
surface.
article_number: '5915'
author:
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Leppin, Christian
id: '117722'
last_name: Leppin
- first_name: Sven
full_name: Hampel, Sven
last_name: Hampel
- first_name: Frederick Sebastian
full_name: Meyer, Frederick Sebastian
last_name: Meyer
- first_name: Arne
full_name: Langhoff, Arne
last_name: Langhoff
- first_name: Ursula Elisabeth Adriane
full_name: Fittschen, Ursula Elisabeth Adriane
last_name: Fittschen
- first_name: Diethelm
full_name: Johannsmann, Diethelm
last_name: Johannsmann
citation:
ama: 'Leppin C, Hampel S, Meyer FS, Langhoff A, Fittschen UEA, Johannsmann D. A
Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Which Tracks Four Overtones in Parallel with a Time
Resolution of 10 Milliseconds: Application to Inkjet Printing. Sensors.
2020;20(20). doi:10.3390/s20205915'
apa: 'Leppin, C., Hampel, S., Meyer, F. S., Langhoff, A., Fittschen, U. E. A., &
Johannsmann, D. (2020). A Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Which Tracks Four Overtones
in Parallel with a Time Resolution of 10 Milliseconds: Application to Inkjet Printing.
Sensors, 20(20), Article 5915. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20205915'
bibtex: '@article{Leppin_Hampel_Meyer_Langhoff_Fittschen_Johannsmann_2020, title={A
Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Which Tracks Four Overtones in Parallel with a Time
Resolution of 10 Milliseconds: Application to Inkjet Printing}, volume={20}, DOI={10.3390/s20205915}, number={205915},
journal={Sensors}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Leppin, Christian and Hampel,
Sven and Meyer, Frederick Sebastian and Langhoff, Arne and Fittschen, Ursula Elisabeth
Adriane and Johannsmann, Diethelm}, year={2020} }'
chicago: 'Leppin, Christian, Sven Hampel, Frederick Sebastian Meyer, Arne Langhoff,
Ursula Elisabeth Adriane Fittschen, and Diethelm Johannsmann. “A Quartz Crystal
Microbalance, Which Tracks Four Overtones in Parallel with a Time Resolution of
10 Milliseconds: Application to Inkjet Printing.” Sensors 20, no. 20 (2020).
https://doi.org/10.3390/s20205915.'
ieee: 'C. Leppin, S. Hampel, F. S. Meyer, A. Langhoff, U. E. A. Fittschen, and D.
Johannsmann, “A Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Which Tracks Four Overtones in Parallel
with a Time Resolution of 10 Milliseconds: Application to Inkjet Printing,” Sensors,
vol. 20, no. 20, Art. no. 5915, 2020, doi: 10.3390/s20205915.'
mla: 'Leppin, Christian, et al. “A Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Which Tracks Four
Overtones in Parallel with a Time Resolution of 10 Milliseconds: Application to
Inkjet Printing.” Sensors, vol. 20, no. 20, 5915, MDPI AG, 2020, doi:10.3390/s20205915.'
short: C. Leppin, S. Hampel, F.S. Meyer, A. Langhoff, U.E.A. Fittschen, D. Johannsmann,
Sensors 20 (2020).
date_created: 2025-12-18T17:29:29Z
date_updated: 2025-12-18T17:33:50Z
doi: 10.3390/s20205915
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 20'
issue: '20'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Sensors
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1424-8220
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'A Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Which Tracks Four Overtones in Parallel with
a Time Resolution of 10 Milliseconds: Application to Inkjet Printing'
type: journal_article
user_id: '117722'
volume: 20
year: '2020'
...